Assighnment no.

Submitted to:
Kirandeep singh
C1803
G2
 Part- A

Q1:Comment on the Importance of dealing with Information system in an

organization.

Ans – Six reasons why information systems are so important for business today include:
1. Operational excellence
2. New products, services, and business models
3. Customer and supplier intimacy
4. Improved decision making
5. Competitive advantage
6. Survival

1. Operational excellence. Business improve the efficiency of their operations in order

to achieve higher profitability. Information systems are important tools available to
managers for achieving higher levels of efficiency and productivity in business
operations. A good example is Wal-Mart that uses a RetailLink system , which digitally
links its suppliers to every one of Wal-Mart's stores. as soon as a a customer purchase an
item , the supplier is monitoring the item , knows to ship a replacement to the shelf.

2. New products, services, and business models. Information system is a major tool for
firms to create new products and services, and also an entirely new business models. A
business model describe how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service
to create wealth.
Example: Apple inc transformed an old business model based on its iPod technology
platform that included iPod, the iTunes music service, and the iPhone.

3. Customer/supplier intimacy. When a business serves its customers well, the

customers generally respond by returning and purchasing more. this raises revenue and
profits. The more a business engage its suppliers, the better the suppliers can provide vital
inputs. This lower costs. Example: The Mandarin Oriental in manhattan and other high-
end hotels exemplify the use of information systems and technology to achieve customer
intimacy. they use computers to keep track of guests' preferences, such as their preffered
room temperature, check-in time, television programs.

4. Improved decision making. Many managers operate in an information bank, never

having the right information at the right time to make an informed decision. These poor
outcomes raise costs and lose customers. Information system made it possible for the
managers to use real time data from the marketplace when making decision. Example:
Verizon Corporation uses a Web-based digital dashboard to provide managers with
precise real -time information on customer complains, network performance.. Using this
information managers can immediately allocate repair resources to affected areas, inform
customers of repair efforts and restore service fast.

5. Competitive advantage. When firms achieve one or more of these business

objectives( operational excellence, new products, services, and business models,
customer/supplier intimacy, and improved decision making) chances are they have
already achieved a competitive advantage. Doing things better than your competitors,
charging less for superior products, and responding to customers and suppliers in real
time all add up to higher sales, and higher profits. Example: Toyota Production System
focuses on organizing work to eliminate waste, making continues improvements, TPS is
based on what customers have actually ordered.

6. Day to day survival. Business firms invest in information system and technology
because they are necessities of doing business. This necessities are driven by industry
level changes. Example: Citibank introduced the first automatic teller machine to attract
customers through higher service levels, and its competitors rushed to provide ATM's to
their customers to keep up with Citibank. providing ATMs services to retail banking
customers is simply a requirement of being in and surviving in the retail banking
business. Firm turn to information system and technology to provide the capability to
respond to these.

Q2: With example ,discuss the role of different system analysis method
approaches.

Ans-2)

Systems analysis is the process of examining a business situation for the purpose of
developing a system solution to a problem or devising improvements to such a situation.
Before the development of any system can begin, a project proposal is prepared by the
users of the potential system and/or by systems analysts and submitted to an appropriate
managerial structure within the organization.

System analysis is breaking the whole system into small parts for example : Quoting for
complete computerized environment of a manufacturing concern will think of :

1) does production area also need to be covered

2) does stock management also covered ( Yes for most of the cases)
3) does Personal Area also covered (Yes for most of the cases)
4) does Accounting area also covered (Yes for most of the cases)
5) How many users per area
and so on so that quotation to client may be placed competitively and cost
effectively.This is preorder work. After getting customer order design work will start i.e.
designing user interface , assigning different area to different experts group and alike.

Q3: Explain why having a standardized system development process is important

to an organization? What role does the system analyst plays?

Ans -3)

Importance of system development process

The systems development life cycle (SDLC) describes a set of steps that produces a new
computer information system. The SDLC is a problem-solving process. Each step in the
process delineates a number of activities. Performing these activities in the order
prescribed by the SDLC will bring about a solution to the business situation.

Each phase has a distinct set of unique development activities. Some of these activities
may span more than one phase. The management activity tends to be similar among all
phases.

The SDLC is not standardized and may be unique to a given organization. In other words,
the names and number of phases may differ from one SDLC to the next. However, the
SDLC discussed here is, to a large extent, representative of what is typically adopted by
organizations.

At each phase certain activities are performed; the results of these activities are
documented in a report identified with that phase. Management reviews the results of the
phase and determines if the project is to proceed to the next phase.

Role of system analyst

Systems analysts constitute the principal liaison between the information systems groups
and the rest of the organization. It is the systems analyst's job to translate business
problems and requirements into information requirements and systems

The Systems Analyst role attempts to provide a bridge between the business requirements
and the technical definition of the IT solution.
The System Analysis asses function of businesses by examining the input and processing
of data and output information. It is also said the analyst must be able to work to others
and experienced working with computers. As a system analyst we must recognize that
your presence changes the business and use it as a starting point for your analysis.

Part-B

Q4: Is there any need of having different approaches in preliminary investigation?

Which step of feasibility study is considered to be the most important and why?

1. Technical feasibility: Can the development of the proposed system be done with
current equipment, existing software technology, and available personnel? Does it
require new technology?
2. Economic feasibility: Are there sufficient benefits in creating the system to make
the costs acceptable? An important outcome of the economic feasibility study is
the cost benefit analysis.
3. Legal feasibility: It checks if there are any legal hassle in developing the system.
4. Operational feasibility: Will the system be used if it is developed and
implemented? Will there be resistance from users that will undermine the possible
application benefits?

Q5:What kind of fact finding techniques would you use for investigating the information
requirements for a multinational company, which is presently using the manual
registrations? Which kind of techniques do you think will be more effective? Also,
mention the problems you anticipate in conducting the investigations.

Q6: Write the help of an example explain the development life cycle for a billing system
in a hospital.
Ans) : Write the help of an example explain the development life cycle for a billing
system in a hospital.

THE SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

In many ways, building an information system is similar to building a house. First,
the house (or the information system) starts with a basic idea. Second, this idea is
transformed into a simple drawing that is shown to the customer and refined (often
through several drawings, each improving on the other) until the customer agrees
that the picture depicts what he or she wants. Third, a set of blueprints is designed
that presents much more detailed information about the house (e.g., the type of
water faucets, where the telephone jacks will be placed). Finally, the house is built
following the blueprints—and often with some changes and decisions made by the
customer as the house is erected.