CASE STUDIES FOR DATABASE COURSE

1. Computer Science and Engineering Department planned to develop a web base Student Information System for course
management. The portal shall provide facility to chairman so that he should add/edit new sessions, sections and courses.
Each course is taught by two instructors; Lead Instructor who should add/edit the course plan and TA that should upload
the material but could not change the course plan. Chairman should add and assigns instructors to courses; one course
should have only one lead instructor. Every course must have an instructor. Instructor should define week wise course
plan; each week should contains lecture notes, helping material and assignments that student should view/download.
Chairman also wants easy and attractive interface. Student registered themselves to the courses then they can
view/download the material. Student should also submit the assignments through the system. Instructor mark the
assignments as well ask for the review of assignment. Student review his assignments and then resubmitted if required.
Only two reviews are allowed for a student. Student should also view his assignment marks. Students should not be
allowed to see each other assignments for security reason. System should provide backup and security plan.

2. Computer Society with the name of auto-spark has been initiated by the students of Computer Science & Engineering
Department The Goal of the society is to provide platform for students to increase their programming skills such that they
can meet industry standards. Administrative Body consist of governing body and sub-communities. Governing body has
President, Vice-President, Coordinator, Secretary, Manager and Pro. Sub-communities of auto-spark are Auto-MAG,
Auto-Tech , Auto-Programmer and Event Management, each sub-community has its own governing body leads by its
manager. New Sub-Communities could be added. All other students of CS and CSE can join the society as members.
Members could join more then one sub-communities at a time. Head of each sub-community will define structure of his/her
community that could be changed lately by heads. Sub-communities governing body will be selected by heads, among
from registered members of society. All administrative staff will also be member of society and they could take part in any
sub-community as regular members but can not perform administrative duties at two posts. Heads could assign and monitor
tasks to their team. Each members could see assigned tasks and give feedback to its head.

3. In an educational institute, there are several departments and students belong to one of them. Each department has a unique
department number, a name, a location, phone number and is headed by a professor. Professors have a unique employee Id,
name, phone number. We like to keep track of the following details regarding students: name, unique roll number, gender,
phone number, date of birth, age and one or more email addresses. Students have a local address consisting of the hostel
name and the room number. They also have home address consisting of house number, street, city and PIN. It is assumed
that all students reside in the hostels. A course taught in a semester of the year is called a section. There can be several
sections of the same course in a semester; these are identified by the section number. Each section is taught by a different
professor and has its own timings and a room to meet. Students enroll for several sections in a semester. Each course has a
name, number of credits and the department that offers it. A course may have other courses as prerequisites i.e, courses to
be completed before it can be enrolled in. Professors also undertake research projects. These are sponsored by funding
agencies and have a specific start date, end date and amount of money given. More than one professor can be involved in a
project. Also a professor may be simultaneously working on several projects. A project has a unique Project.

4. The company is organized into DEPARTMENTs. Each department has a name, number and an employee who manages the
department. We keep track of the start date of the department manager. Each department controls a number of PROJECTs.
Each project has a name, number and is located at a single location.We store each EMPLOYEE’s social security number,
address, salary, gender, and birthdate. Each employee works for one department but may work on several projects. We keep
track of the number of hours per week that an employee currently works on each project. We also keep track of the direct
supervisor of each employee. Each employee may have a number of DEPENDENTs. For each dependent, we keep track of
their name, gender, birthdate, and relationship to employee.

5. A university registrar’s office maintains data about the following entities: (a) Courses, including course number, title ,
credits, syllabus, and prerequisites; (b) Course offerings, including course number, year, semester, section number,
instructor's, timings, and classroom; (c) Students, including student-id, name, and program; and (d) Instructors, including
identification number, name, department, and title. Further, the enrollment of students in courses and grades awarded to
students in each course they are enrolled for must be appropriately modeled. Construct an E-R diagram for the registrar’s
office. Document all assumptions that you make about the mapping constraints.

6. All information related to Dane County Airport is to be organized using a DBMS, and you have been hired to design the
database. Your first task is to organize the information about all the airplanes stationed and maintained at the airport. The
relevant information is as follows: Every airplane has a registration number, and each airplane is of a specific model. The
airport accommodates a number of airplane models, and each model is identified by a model number (e.g., DC-10) and has
a capacity and a weight. A number of technicians work at the airport. You need to store the name, SSN, address, phone
number, and salary of each technician. Each technician is an expert on one or more plane model(s), and his or her expertise
may overlap with that of other technicians. This information about technicians must also be recorded. Traffic controllers
must have an annual medical examination. For each traffic controller, you must store the date of the most recent exam. All
airport employees (including technicians) belong to a union. You must store the union membership number of each
employee. You can assume that each employee is uniquely identified by a social security number. The airport has a number
of tests that are used periodically to ensure that airplanes are still airworthy. Each test has a Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) test number, a name, and a maximum possible score. • The FAA requires the airport to keep track of each time a
given airplane is tested by a given technician using a given test. For each testing event, the information needed is the date,
 the number of hours the technician spent doing the test, and the score the airplane received on the test.

7. Patient: has a unique MSP number, a Patient name, a Date of Birth, a Tissue Type and an indicator denoting whether the
tissue is cancerous or normal. • A patient library associates a patient with multiple tags • Each tag has a unique tag number
and a unique nucleotide sequence. • For each tag in the patient library, a count is given to record the number of times the
tag occurs in the library. In general, the same tag can be associated with any number of patients. • A tag may be mapped to
a gene. Each gene has a unique gene name and a type. • In general, multiple tags may be mapped to the same gene.
However, two different genes cannot be mapped to the same tag. • Finally, an article is identified by a unique article
number and a journal name. An article may analyze multiple genes and a gene may be analyzed by multiple a.

8. A university database contains information about professors (identied by social security number, or SSN) and
courses (identied by courseid). Professors teach courses; each of the following situations concerns the Teaches
relationship set. For each situation, draw an ER diagram that describes it (assuming that no further constraints
hold). 1. Professors can teach the same course in several semesters, and each oering must be recorded. 2.
Professors can teach the same course in several semesters, and only the most recent such oering needs to be
recorded. (Assume this condition applies in all subsequent questions.) 3. Every professor must teach some
course. 4. Every professor teaches exactly one course (no more, no less). 5. Every professor teaches exactly
one course (no more, no less), and every course must be taught by some professor. 6. Now suppose that certain
courses can be taught by a team of professors jointly, but it is possible that no one professor in a team can teach
the course. Model this situation, introducing additional entity sets and relationship sets if necessary.

9. Consider the following information about a university database: Professors have an SSN, a name, an age, a
rank, and a research specialty. Projects have a project number, a sponsor name (e.g., NSF), a starting date, an
ending date, and a budget. Graduate students have an SSN, a name, an age, and a degree program (e.g., M.S.
Or Ph.D.). Each project is managed by one professor (known as the project's principal investigator). Each
project is worked on by one or more professors (known as the project's co-investigators) Professors can
manage and/or work on multiple projects. Each project is worked on by one or more graduate students (known
as the project's research assistants). When graduate students work on a project, a professor must supervise their
work on the project. Graduate students can work on multiple projects, in which case they will have a
(potentially dierent) supervisor for each one. Departments have a department number, a department name, and
a main oce. Departments have a professor (known as the chairman) who runs the department. Professors work
in one or more departments, and for each department that they work in, a time percentage is associated with
their job. Graduate students have one major department in which they are working on their degree. Each
graduate student has another, more senior graduate student (known as a student advisor) who advises him or
her on what courses to take. Design and draw an ER diagram that captures the information about the
university. Use only the basic ER model here, that is, entities, relationships, and attributes. Be sure to indicate
any key and participation constraints.

10. A company database needs to store information about employees (identied by ssn, with salary and phone as
attributes); departments (identied by dno, with dname and budget as attributes); and children of employees
(with name and age as attributes). Employees work in departments; each department is managed by an
employee; a child must be identied uniquely by name when the parent (who is an employee; assume that only
one parent works for the company) is known. We are not interested in information about a child once the
parent leaves the company. Draw an ER diagram that captures this information.

Notown Records has decided to store information about musicians who perform on its albums (as well as other
company data) in a database. The company has wisely chosen to hire you as a database designer (at your usual
consulting fee of $2,500/day). Each musician that records at Notown has an SSN, a name, an address, and a
phone number. Poorly paid musicians often share the same address, and no address has more than one phone.
Each instrument that is used in songs recorded at Notown has a name (e.g., guitar, synthesizer, flute) and a
musical key (e.g., C, B-flat, E-flat). Each album that is recorded on the Notown label has a title, a copyright
date, a format (e.g., CD or MC), and an album identier. Each song recorded at Notown has a title and an
author. Each musician may play several instruments, and a given instrument may be played by several
musicians. Each album has a number of songs on it, but no song may appear on more than one album. Each
song is performed by one or more musicians, and a musician may perform a number of songs. Each album has
exactly one musician who acts as its producer. A musician may produce several albums, of course. Design a
conceptual schema for Notown and draw an ER diagram for your schema. The following information describes
the situation that the Notown database must model. Be sureto indicate all key and cardinality constraints and
any assumptions that you make. Identify any constraints that you are unable to capture in the ER diagram and
briefly explain why you could not express them.

11. Computer Sciences Department frequent fliers have been complaining to Dane County Airport ocials about the
poor organization at the airport. As a result, the ocials have decided that all information related to the airport
 should be organized using a DBMS, and you've been hired to design the database. Your rst task is to organize
the information about all the airplanes that are stationed and maintained at the airport. The relevant information
is as follows: Every airplane has a registration number, and each airplane is of a specic model. The airport
accommodates a number of airplane models, and each model is identied by a model number (e.g., DC-10) and
has a capacity and a weight. A number of technicians work at the airport. You need to store the name, SSN,
address, phone number, and salary of each technician. Each technician is an expert on one or more plane
model(s), and his or her expertise may overlap with that of other technicians. This information about
technicians must also be recorded. Trac controllers must have an annual medical examination. For each trac
controller, you must store the date of the most recent exam. All airport employees (including technicians)
belong to a union. You must store the union membership number of each employee. You can assume that each
employee is uniquely identied by the social security number. The airport has a number of tests that are used
periodically to ensure that airplanes are still airworthy. Each test has a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
test number, a name, and a maximum possible score. The FAA requires the airport to keep track of each time
that a given airplane is tested by a given technician using a given test. For each testing event, the information
needed is the date, the number of hours the technician spent doing the test, and the score that the airplane
received on the test. 1. Draw an ER diagram for the airport database. Be sure to indicate the various attributes
of each entity and relationship set; also specify the key and participation constraints for each relationship set.
Specify any necessary overlap and covering constraints as well (in English). The FAA passes a regulation that
tests on a plane must be conducted by a technician who is an expert on that model. How would you express
this constraint in the ER diagram? If you cannot express it, explain briefly.

12. The Prescriptions-R-X chain of pharmacies has oered to give you a free lifetime supply of medicines if you
design its database. Given the rising cost of health care, you agree. Here's the information that you gather:
Patients are identied by an SSN, and their names, addresses, and ages must be recorded. Doctors are identied
by an SSN. For each doctor, the name, specialty, and years of experience must be recorded. Each
pharmaceutical company is identied by name and has a phone number. For each drug, the trade name and
formula must be recorded. Each drug is sold by a given pharmaceutical company, and the trade name identies a
drug uniquely from among the products of that company. If a pharmaceutical company is deleted, you need not
keep track of its products any longer. Each pharmacy has a name, address, and phone number. Every patient
has a primary physician. Every doctor has at least one patient. Each pharmacy sells several drugs and has a
price for each. A drug could be sold at several pharmacies, and the price could vary from one pharmacy to
another. Doctors prescribe drugs for patients. A doctor could prescribe one or more drugs for several patients,
and a patient could obtain prescriptions from several doctors. Each prescription has a date and a quantity
associated with it. You can assume that if a doctor prescribes the same drug for the same patient more than
once, only the last such prescription needs to be stored. Pharmaceutical companies have long-term contracts
with pharmacies. A pharmaceutical company can contract with several pharmacies, and a pharmacy can
contract with several pharmaceutical companies. For each contract, you have to store a start date, an end date,
and the text of the contract. Pharmacies appoint a supervisor for each contract. There must always be a
supervisor for each contract, but the contract supervisor can change over the lifetime of the contract. 1. Draw
an ER diagram that captures the above information. Identify any constraints that are not captured by the ER
diagram. 2. How would your design change if each drug must be sold at a xed price by all pharmacies? 3. How
would your design change if the design requirements change as follows: If a doctor prescribes the same drug
for the same patient more than once, several such prescriptions may have to be stored.

13. Although you always wanted to be an artist, you ended up being an expert on databases because you love to
cook data and you somehow confused `data base' with `data baste.' Your old love is still there, however, so you
set up a database company, ArtBase, that builds a product for art galleries. The core of this product is a
database with a schema that captures all the information that galleries need to maintain. Galleries keep
information about artists, their names (which are unique), birthplaces, age, and style of art. For each piece of
artwork, the artist, the year it was made, its unique title, its type of art (e.g., painting, lithograph, sculpture,
photograph), and its price must be stored. Pieces of artwork are also classied into groups of various kinds, for
example, portraits, still lifes, works by Picasso, or works of the 19th century; a given piece may belong to more
than one group. Each group is identied by a name (like those above) that describes the group. Finally, galleries
keep information about customers. For each customer, galleries keep their unique name, address, total amount
of dollars they have spent in the gallery (very important!),and the artists and groups of art that each customer
tends to like.