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Wind Turbine and Grid Connection Modelling with

PSCAD. Eric Flammier - EDF; Augstin M'Panda - ESIEE; Fabrice Foucher - CEDRAT.

E
lectrical distributed between the turbine
generation produced with hub and the genera-
renewable energy (wind, tor hub.
solar, biomass, fuel-cells,etc.)
takes more and more importance The model
in the global electrical production.
The power which can be produced Many recent wind
with a windmill (2.5 MVA), as well mills use synchro-
as the committed sums (1000€ for nous brushless ma-
1 KW installed) imply to carry out chines like annular
simulations in order to make the or discoidal multipo-
good technological choices and lar generators with
analyze the network connection permanent magnets.
consequences as well as study They are weaker
economic profitability. than traditional ge-
PSCAD integrates all tools nerators at identical
necessary to simulate a windmill torque and speed
and its connection to the network. (the mass reduction
Such a study has been performed according to techno-
in CEDRAT and is presented in the logy can reach from Figure 2: PSCAD model.
technical paper «Wind Turbine 20 to 40%). Another
and Grid Connection Modelling advantage is that
with PSCAD». these machines can
have a great num-
The tools ber of poles (200)
and thus rotate at
These 3 components (fig.1), low speed without
designed according to IEEE mechanical multi-
models, are available in the PSCAD plier. A conversion
Master library and make it possible stage AC/DC/AC is
to simulate all the parameters necessary in order to
involved in a wind mill study : be connected to the
● Wind sources: possibility network at the con-
to simulate different wind venient frequency.
distributions (gusts, random,etc.), The PSCAD models
● Pitch regulation : the «passive make it possible to
pitch control» and the «dynamic simulate this type of
pitch control» which play on generator with all the
incidence angle of the blades required power elec-
(Beta), tronic devices.
● The choice of the number of The complete simu-
blades from which depends the lation scheme is pro-
posed on fig. 2. Figure 3: Power received on the network
power coefficient characteristics of
in static and pitch control.
the turbine (Cp),
● The blade length (R) and the Simulations Finally, an entire wind farm
air density (ρ) which make it
possible to calculate the output The simulations performed with (300 MVA) has been modelled in
power of the turbine (P = ½ Cp ρ PSCAD allowed us to study PSCAD. Voltage and frequency
π R2 Vvent3) and the corresponding the dimensionning of the wind stability investigations at the
torque, turbine and the generator, the connection point have been
● The step-up ratio and the ef- DC bus voltage regulation and performed, de to the high power
ficiency of the gear box located the connection to the distribution level of the windfarm compared
network. with the connected grid.
In figure 3, you can observe the
difference in the power produced Conclusion
by a wind generator in static pitch
control (blue curve) or dynamic PSCAD tools and capabilities
pitch control (green curve) with a allowed to see a large part of the
variable wind speed. technical aspects of a wind-mill
dimensionning and its connection
Faults analysis have been made to the network. You will find all
with PSCAD allowing to know the the details of this study in the
influence of the wind mill on the technical paper: «Wind Turbine
network in such configurations and Grid Connection Modelling
Figure1: PSCAD model and to define the protections to with PSCAD», available on
deicated at wind turbine. choose. software@cedrat.com.

N° 43 - October 2003 - CEDRAT - CEDRAT TECHNOLOGIES - MAGSOFT Corp.