Accident Detection System and Vehicle

Overtaking System Using Wireless

Technology
By

[Type the author name]

Accident Detection System and Vehicle Overtaking
System Using Wireless Technology

 Introduction:-

Accidents are one of the most dreaded situations in one`s life, on an

average atleast one vehicular accident occur everyday around the world. It has
also been observed that the most number of people die as they do not get to the
hospital in time after such road accidents in highways or remote locations such as
rural villages. This causes unintended loss of life.

Therefore to overcome such haphazard’s we propose to development a wireless

system which will reduce this problem drastically. The system will relay
wirelessly to a local police stations or hospitals, the exact location of an accident
as it occurs. Therefore notifying the authorities about such an event, where they
can help out the accident victims in time. Thus saving precious lives.
The system/ device will consist of micro controllers, wireless communication
modules and display devices to enhance user interaction and to make it easy for
anyone to use.

The other benefit from this system is that it is also being used as a driver assistor
for overtaking vehicles in highways. Which will reduce noise pollution and
unwanted honking of horns? Therefore this project is designed to enhance the
utility of electronics and telecommunication devices to assist and save human life
on the go.

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 Features :-

1. User friendly as it has GUI.

2. It’s an intelligent system as it is based on microcontrollers.
3. AVR series microcontrollers with built in 8kb ram / eprom.
4. Low power consumption, upto +5v and 100mA (max).
5. Quick response time for accident detection (100n sec).
6. 16 Mhz processor speed.
7. Bluetooth communication module (2.4Ghz) ISM standard.
8. Unique communication protocols and frequencies.
9. The comm. module uses frequencies that are free in India.
10. Compatible with all vehicles and small in size low maintaince.

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 Block Diagram :-

Power Supply

Accident Micro Communication

detection Controller Module
System Device.

Switches LCD Display

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 Block Diagram explanation :-

Accident Detection System : This is basically a mechanism which will notify

the microcontroller that an accident has occurred in the vehicle. This system is
just switching mechanism which has very less response time.

MICROCONTROLLER : This block consists of microcontroller ATmega16

AVR based circuit. Here microcontroller is used as the main digital signal
processing system. It will control the communication module and the LCD
display. Some of the features of the microcontroller include,
o High-performance, Low-power AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller
o 8K Bytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory
o 512 Bytes EEPROM
o 1K Byte Internal SRAM
o Programmable Serial USART
o Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
o Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
o Active: 3.6 mA
o Idle Mode: 1.0 mA
o Power-down Mode: 0.5 μA

Communication Module : This section consists of a 2.4Ghz bluetooth spectrum

transmitter/receiver module. The CC2500 is a low-cost 2.4 GHz transceiver
designed for very low-power wireless applications. The circuit is intended for the
2400- 2483.5 MHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) and SRD (Short
Range Device) frequency band.
The RF transceiver is integrated with a highly configurable baseband modem. The
modem supports various modulation formats and has a configurable data rate up
to 500 k Baud. CC2500 provides extensive hardware support for packet handling,

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data buffering, burst transmissions, clear channel assessment, link quality
indication, and wake-on-radio. This module has the capability to communicate the
distance of over 10 mts with very less power. As it comes in a SMD package, it
also is small in size and consumes very less standby power of 400 nA.

LCD Display : This block consists of a standard 16x2 alpha numeric lcd display,
which also consumes very less power. This device is directly interfaced and run
by the micro controller. The Lcd can display 2 rows of words that are 16 letters
each. We can program the microcontroller to give the lcd the any information we
require.

Power Supply : This block consists of a regulated dc power supply. Usually a

battery in series with a 7805 ic regulator is used to supply 5V dc voltage.

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 Circuit Construction :-

The circuit is developed on the pcb designed for this application. At the centre of
the pcb will be the microcontroller, a 40 pin dip package. The lcd will be
connected to port C and the communication module will be connected to pin no 14
(RXD) and 15 (TXD), serial interfacing of AVR. The switches and buzzer will be
connected to port a of microcontroller.

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 Working :-

This circuit is always on the standby mode, it will wait for inputs only then will its
functioning start. As there are two types of input, the accident detection system and
from the switch from user, that is the switch input for overtaking.

Suppose the circuit gets signal from accident detection systems that an accident
has occurred, then the micro controller will get initialized, it will send a word size
data to the CC2500 module, stating the intensity of the damage in vehicle provided
by the sensing system. Then communication module which was until in standby
reception mode will transmit this information by the microcontroller to the other
device present in that area.

On receiving the data by the second circuit, which is on standby reception mode, it
will process the signal information and display the information on the LCD display
and if necessary even sound a buzzer.

Similarly, when the user gives the signal for overtaking, the microcontroller will
give a signal to cc2500 stating the information source and data. This will then be
relayed to the module in the proceeding vehicle. As in above, the forward vehicle
will get this information and display the number of the preceding vehicle which
sent the data and alert the vehicle that the vehicle wants to overtake it.

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 Component Details : -

The list of components used in this project is given as

follows: - 1) Micro controller
2) Communication module
3) LCD display
4) Switches
5) 7805 regulator
6) Resistors and capacitors.

Of all the components listed above, microcontroller card or IC is the heart

of the circuit and its cost is high as well. The costliest part of this circuit is the
communication module on which this particular project is to be implemented.

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 Advantages and Disadvantages :-

ADVANTAGES :

1) This system reduces accident deaths drastically.

2) Easy to implement and user friendly.
3) Reduces Noise pollution.
4) Cheap and maintenance free.

DISADVANTAGES :

1) Communication modules are not directional.

2) Range of communication is only 10mts.

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 Applications :-

Since this project is designed and optimized to a specific application, its

applications are limited, other than its intension. Its can be modified into several
other systems also.

 Future scopes :-

There is a vast range of future scopes for this projects. It

can be enhanced with GPS for better communication.

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  References :-
WEBSITES
1) www.AVRprojects.com
2) www.alldatasheet.com
3) www.electronicprojects.com
BOOKS
1) Electronic Circuits
Handbook - Michael
Tooley 2) Electro
Optics
- Joseph J. Carr

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