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STOPP
Ferramenta para detecção de prescrição potencialmente inapropriada em pacientes idosos
(65 anos ou mais)
A. SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR
1. Digoxina (Digoxina®) utilizada em doses >125 mcg/dia com diminuição da função renal
(Creatinina sérica > 150 mmol/L, ou TFG estimada entre 20-50 mL/min) (aumento da toxicidade).
2. Diuréticos de alça1 para edema de tornozelo isolado, sem sinais clínicos de insuficiência
cardíaca (não há evidência de eficácia, as medidas compressivas geralmente são mais
apropriadas).
3. Diurético de alça1 como monoterapia de primeira linha em hipertensão (existem alternativas
mais seguras e efetivas).
4. Diurético tiazídico2 em histórico de gota (pode exacerbar a gota).
5. Betabloqueadores não seletivos3 em Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) (risco de
aumento de broncoespasmo).
6. Betabloqueador4 em combinação com verapamil (Dilacoron®) (risco de bloqueio cardíaco
sintomático).
7. Uso de diltiazem (Cardizem®) ou verapamil na insuficiência cardíaca grau III ou IV (NYHA)
(podem agravar a insuficiência cardíaca).
8. Bloqueadores de canal de cálcio5 em pacientes com constipação crônica (podem exacerbar a
constipação).
9. Uso combinado de aspirina (Bufferin cardio®, Somalgin®) e varfarina (Marevan®) sem
associação com antagonistas do receptor H2 da histamina (exceto cimetidina devido a interação
com a varfarina) ou inibidores da bomba de próton (alto risco de sangramento gastrointestinal).
10. Dipiridamol (Persantin®) como monoterapia na prevenção secundária de eventos
cardiovasculares (não há evidência de eficácia).
11. Aspirina em histórico de úlcera péptica sem antagonista do receptor H2 de histamina6 ou
inibidor da bomba de próton (risco de sangramento).
12. Aspirina em dose > 150 mg/dia (aumento do risco de sangramento, sem evidência de
aumento da eficácia).
13. Aspirina sem histórico de sintomas coronários, cerebrais ou vascular periférico ou eventos
oclusivos.
14. Aspirina no tratamento de tontura não claramente atribuída a doença cerebrovascular (não
indicado).
15. Varfarina para primeiro episódio de trombose venosa profunda não complicada, por tempo
maior que 6 meses de duração (não há benefícios adicionais).
16. Varfarina para primeiro episódio de embolismo pulmonar não complicado, por tempo maior
que 12 meses de duração (não há benefícios).
17. Aspirina, clopidogrel (Plavix®), dipiridamol ou varfarina em doença hemorrágica concorrente.
B. SISTEMA NERVOSO CENTRAL E MEDICAMENTOS PSICOTRÓPICOS
C. SISTEMA GASTROINTESTINAL
E. SISTEMA MUSCULOESQUELÉTICO
F. SISTEMA UROGENITAL
1. Antimuscarínicos com ação nos receptores da bexiga em pacientes com demência (risco de
confusão, agitação).
2. Antimuscarínicos em glaucoma crônico (risco de agravamento de glaucoma).
3. Antimuscarínicos em constipação crônica (risco de agravamento da constipação).
4. Antimuscarínicos em prostatismo crônico (risco de retenção urinária).
5. Alfabloqueadores em homens com incontinência frequente, ou seja, um ou mais episódios de
incontinência por dia (risco de poliúria e agravamento da incontinência).
6. Alfabloqueadores em pacientes com uso prolongado de sonda vesical (>2 meses)
(medicamento contraindicado).
G. SISTEMA ENDÓCRINO
I. ANALGÉSICOS
1. Uso prolongado de opióides potentes, como morfina (Dimorf®) e fentanil (Unifental®) como
primeira linha na terapia de dor leve a moderada (não avaliado na escala analgésica da
Organização Mundial da Saúde).
2. Uso regular de opióides por mais de 2 semanas em constipação crônica sem uso de laxantes
(risco de constipação severa).
3. Uso prolongado de opióides em demência leve exceto quando estão indicados cuidados
paliativos ou no manejo de dor crônica moderada a severa (risco de agravamento da deterioração
cognitiva).
Qualquer classe duplicada na prescrição como dois opióides, AINE, inibidores seletivos da
recaptação de setoronina, diuréticos de alça, inibidores da ECA (otimização da monoterapia
dentro da mesma classe deve ser considerado antes da alteração para uma nova classe de
medicamento). Se excluem as prescrições nas quais a associação de dois fármacos de mesma
classe claramente produz benefícios como agonista B2 inalatórios (de larga e de curta duração)
no tratamento de DPOC e asma ou opiaceos para manejo da dor irruptiva.
START
Ferramenta para alertar o médico sobre tratamentos e medicamentos indicados em
pacientes idosos. Esses medicamentos devem ser considerados em pessoas com idade ≥
65 anos com as condições descritas enquanto não haja contraindicações de prescrição.
A. SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR
B. SISTEMA RESPIRATÓRIO
1. Uso regular de agonistas B218 ou anticolinérgicos inalatórios19 para asma leve a moderada ou
DPOC.
2. Uso regular de corticoides inalatórios13 para asma moderada a severa ou DPOC, quando o
volume respiratório máximo no 1º segundo (FEV1) estimado é menor que 50%.
3. Uso oxigenioterapia domiciliar em insuficiência respiratória crônica tipo 1 (pO2 < 8.0 kPa, pCO2
< 6.5 kPa) ou insuficiência respiratória tipo 2 (pO2 < 8.0 kPa, pCO2 > 6.5 kPa).
D. SISTEMA GASTROINTESTINAL
1. Inibidor da bomba de próton11 na doença do refluxo gastroesofágico severo ou estenose
péptica que necessite dilatação.
F. SISTEMA ENDÓCRINO
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