Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Contact us
Email: index@russell.com
Americas: +1-877-503-6437
APAC: +65-6880-5003
EMEA: +44-0-20-7024-6600
Web: www.russell.com/indexes
Updated sections
ections
This document has been updated since the last published version. Please refer to the list below
for the updated sections.
Introduction
Russell Indexes are designed to be comprehensive representations of the investable U.S. equity market and
its segments. The indexes are float-adjusted
adjusted and market cap weighted, and they include only common stocks
belonging to corporations determined to be U.S. companies ((see Section 3).
Purpose
Russell Indexes serve three main purposes:
x To act as performance standards for active managers.
x To serve as proxies for asset allocation purposes.
x To become purchasable and replicable vehicles for passive investment strategies.
Available indexes
All Russell U.S. equity indexes are subsets of the Russe
Russell 3000E Index. A list of available tickers and index
values can be found in Appendix C.
Broad Market U.S. Indexes Large Cap U.S. Indexes Midcap U.S. Indexes
® ®
Russell 3000E Index Russell 1000 Index Russell Midcap Index
® ®
Russell 3000E Value Index Russell 1000 Value Index Russell Midcap Value Index
® ®
Russell 3000E Growth Index Russell 1000 Growth Index Russell Midcap Growth Index
® ®
Russell 3000 Index Russell 1000 Defensive Index
® ®
Russell 3000 Value Index Russell 1000 Dynamic Index
® ®
Russell 3000 Growth Index Russell 1000 Dividend Achievers Index
® ®
Russell 3000 Defensive Index Russell Top 200 Index
® ®
Russell 3000 Dynamic Index Russell Top 200 Value Index
® ®
Russell 3000 Dividend Achievers Index Russell Top 200 Growth Index
®
Russell Top 50 Index
Small-Mid U.S. Indexes Small Cap U.S. Indexes Microcap U.S. Indexes
® ®
Russell 2500 Index Russell 2000 Index Russell Microcap Index
® ®
Russell 2500 Value Index Russell 2000 Value Index Russell Microcap Value Index
® ®
Russell 2500 Growth Index Russell 2000 Growth Index Russell Microcap Growth Index
®
Russell 2000 Defensive Index
®
Russell 2000 Dynamic Index
®
Russell 2000 Dividend Achievers Index
Russell Small Cap
®
Completeness Index
Russell Small Cap
®
Completeness Value Index
Russell Small Cap
®
Completeness Growth Index
PAGE 1
SECTION 2
Basic methodology
ethodology
Russell Indexes
ndexes are objectively constructed and based on transparent rules. The broadest U.S. index is the
Russell 3000E Index,, which contains the largest 4,000 U.S. companies. Sub-indexes
indexes in the Russell 3000E
Index are broken out by market capitalization and style.
The members of the Russell 3000E Index and its subsets are determined each year during annual
reconstitution and enhanced quarterly with the addition of initial public offerings (IPOs).
Annual reconstitution
Annual reconstitution is the process by which Russell Indexes are completely rebuilt. Reconstitution is a vital
part of the creation of a benchmark that accurately represents a particular market segment. Companies
Com may
get bigger or smaller over time, or periodically undergo change in their style characteristics. Reconstitution
ensures that companies are correctly represented in the appropriate Russell Indexes.
On the last trading day in May, all eligible sec
securities
urities are ranked by their total market capitalization. The largest
4,000 become the Russell 3000E Index, and the other Russell Indexes are determined from that set of
securities. If 4,000 eligible securities do not exist in the U.S. market, the entire el
eligible
igible set is included.
Reconstitution occurs on the last Friday in June. However, at times this date precedes a long U.S. holiday
weekend, when liquidity is low. In order to ensure proper liquidity in the markets, when the last Friday in June
is the 28th,, 29th or 30th, reconstitution will occur on the preceding Friday.
PAGE 2
SECTION 3
Defining eligible
ligible securities
Russell U.S. Indexes
ndexes capture approximately 99% of the U.S. equity market and 100% of the investable U.S.
market. The full investment opportunity set of managers in each U.S. market segment. Below are the
requirements for securities’ inclusion in the Russell U.S. IIndexes.
Home-country indicators
If a company incorporates in, has a stated headquarters location in, and also trades in the same country,
(ADRs and ADSs are not eligible), the company is assigned to its country of incorporation. If any of the three
criteria do not match, Russell then defines three Home Country Indicators (HCI). The HCIs are as follows:
1. Country of incorporation
2. Country of headquarters
3. Country of the most liquid
uid exchange as defined by 2
2-year
year average daily dollar trading volume (ADDTV)
from all exchanges within a country
After the HCIs are defined, the next step in the country asignment involves an analysis of assets by location.
Russell cross-compares the primary location of the company’s assets with the three HCIs. If the primary
location of assets matches ANY of the HCIs, then the company is assigned to its primary asset location (see
appendix D for specifics on the definition of primary asset/revenue loc
location).
If there is not enough information to conclude a company’s primary location of assets, Russell uses the
primary location of the company’s revenue for the same cross
cross-comparison
comparison and assigns the company to the
appropriate country in a similar fashion. Russell will use an average of two years of assets or revenues data
for analysis to reduce potential turnover beginning in 2011.
If conclusive country details cannot be derived from assets or revenue, Russell assigns the company to the
country in which its
ts headquarters are located unless the country is a Benefit Driven Incorporation (BDI)
country (see appendix D for a list of BDI countries). If the country in which its headquarters are located is a
BDI, the company is assigned to the country of its most lliquid stock exchange.
PAGE 3
Steps to determining U.S. country assignment:
Example 1:
XYZ company
HCIs: Incorporation: U.S.
Headquarters: China
Trading locations: U.S., U.K., Hong Kong (most liquid exchange: U.S).
Asset location: 100% in Canada
PAGE 4
Example 2:
ABC company:
HCIs Incorporation: Ireland
Headquarters: Ireland
Trading locations U.S., Ireland, Ger
Germany
many (most liquid exchange is U.S.)
U.
Asset location: 85% in U.S.
Trading requirements
All securities eligible for inclusion in Russell Indexes
ndexes must trade on a major U.S. exchange. Bulletin board,
pink sheet or over-the-counter
counter (OTC) traded securities are not eligible for inclusion.
Company structure
Companies structured in the following ways are excluded from inclusion in Russell Indexes:
ndexes: royalty trusts,
limited liability companies, closed-end
end inve
investment companies (business developmentt companies [BDCs] are
eligible), blank check companies, special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs), and limited partnerships.
PAGE 5
Shares excluded
Because Russell Indexes are built to capture performance of each company
company’s ’s primary equity vehicle, the
following share types are not eligible for inclusion: preferred and convertible preferred stock, redeemable
shares, participating preferred stock, warrants
warrants, rights, and trust receipts.
PAGE 6
SECTION 4
Defining membership
embership by size
(market capitalization)
apitalization)
Russell calculates the total market capitalization of each security to det
determine
ermine whether it is large enough for
inclusion in one or more of the Russell Indexes
Indexes.. Total market capitalization is determined by multiplying total
outstanding shares by the market price as of the last trading day in May for those securities being considered
consid
at annual reconstitution. IPO eligibility is determined each quarter.
Determining price
During annual reconstitution, the last price traded on the last trading day in May on the primary exchange is
used to determine market capitalization. If a security does not trade on its primary exchange, the lowest price
from another major U.S. exchange iss used. In the case where multiple share classes exist, a primary trading
vehicle is determined, and the price of that primary trading vehicle (usually the most liqui
liquid)
d) is used in our
calculations.
PAGE 7
Initial public offerings
IPOs are added to Russell’s U.S. index family on the basis of total market capitalization ranking within the
market-adjusted
adjusted capitalization breaks established during the most recent rreconstitution. Country assignment
determination on IPOs is made using data provided in prospectuses or 10k filings. Market adjustments to the
capitalization breaks will be made using the returns of the broad market Russell 3000E Index Eligible IPOs will
be added to the Russell growth / value indexes using their industry’s average style probability established at
the latest reconstitution. All IPO’s are assigned as 100% dynamic for the Stability indexes.
PAGE 8
After the initial market capitalization breakpoints are determined by the ranges listed above, new members are
assigned on the basis of the breakpoints and existing members are reviewed to determ
determineine if they fall within a
cumulative 5% market cap range around these new market capitalization breakpoints. If an existing member’s
market cap falls within this cumulative 5% of the market capitalization breakpoint, it will remain in its current
index rather
her than be moved to a different market capitalization
capitalization–based
based Russell index. Companies that fall on
the edge of market capitalization breakpoints are often still within the manager’s opportunity set, since they
have not significantly grown or declined in mamarket capitalization.
Exceptions: There will be no percentile banding at the bottom of the Russell 3000 Index (stock 3000) or the
Russell 3000E Index (stock 4000). In addition, due to the small market cap percentage, the Russell Microcap
Index will be banded
ed at 1% around stock 2000.
Steps in calculating percentile ranges of the new index:
1. Sort the Russell 3000E Index members in descending order by total market capitalization.
2. Calculate the total market capitalization of the Russell 3000E Index by summing all members’ total market
capitalizations.
3. Calculate percentiles for each company in the Russell 3000E by dividing the cumulative market cap
associated with each member by the total mmarket cap of the Russell 3000E Index.
4. Calculate a range of five
ive percentiles around the newly determined market cap breakpoints, by subtracting,
and then adding, 2.5% from/to the calculated percentile of the market cap breakpoint.
Example:
Assume the market capitalization of security 1000 is $2 billion (i.e., the br
breakpoint
eakpoint between the Russell 1000
and the Russell 2000). Current members of the Russell 1000 smaller than $2B are slated to be moved to the
Russell 2000, while current members of the Russell 2000 larger than $2B are slated to be moved to the
Russell 1000. However, since they are current members, they are further assessed for the magnitude of their
differences from the market capitalization breakpoint.
Illustration:
1. Sort the new Russell 3000E Index members by descending market capitalization (see below).
2. Calculate
lculate the total market capitalization of the Russell 3000E Index. Assume for illustration purposes that the
index = $182,500 ($M). ). (Note: Total market cap has been dramatically reduced for simpler illustration.)
3. Calculate percentiles for each company (see below).
4. Calculate a 5 percentile range around the $2 billion market cap percentile (89.99 for this illustration):
1. 89.99 – 2.5 = 87.49
2. 89.99 + 2.5 = 92.49
Range = 87.49% – 92.49%
PAGE 9
Current R1 Current R2 Company Cumulative Cumulative New index
Rank Company member member market cap ($M) market cap percentile
ercentile membership
995 XYZ Company Y N $2,115 $154,000 84.38% R1
996 ABC Company N Y $2,105 $156,105 85.54% R1
997 Drugstore Inc. Y N $2,100 $158,205 86.69% R1
998 PYK Shipping N Y $2,011 $160,216 87.79% R2
999 Z Technology N Y $2,010 $162,226 88.89% R2
1000 RE Trust N Y $2,000 $164,226 89.99% R2
1001 Foods Inc. Y N $1,995 $166,221 91.08% R1
1002 PETs & More N Y $1,950 $168,171 92.15% R2
1003 RYT Inc. Y N $1,923 $170,094 93.20% R2
Therefore, the market capitalization of current Russell 2000 Index members PYK Shipping, Z Technology and
RE Trust have not changed significantly enough to require a membership move into the Russell 1000, and
current Russell 1000 Index
ndex member Food Inc.’s m market
arket capitalization has not changed significantly enough to
require a membership move out of the Russell 1000 (although it is smaller than $2B). These companies
remain in their current indexes.
PAGE 10
SECTION 5
Capitalization adjustments
The following types of shares are removed from total market capitalization to arrive at free float or available
market capitalization. Adjustments are based on information recorde
recordedd in SEC corporate filings,
filings including DEF
14, 424B, and 10K filings, or other reliable sources in the event of missing or questionable data: . Please note
that 13F filings are not reviewed.
x Cross-ownership
ownership by another Russell 3000E Index or Russell Global IIndexndex member: Shares held by
another member of a Russell index (including Russell global indexes) is considered cross-ownership,
cross and
all shares will be adjusted regardless of percentage held.
x Large corporate and private holdings: Shares held by another listed company (non-member) member) or by
private individuals will be adjusted if they are greater than 10% of shares outstanding. Share percentage
is determined by those shares held by either an individual or a group of individuals acting together. For
example, officers’
cers’ and directors’ holdings would be summed together to determine whether they exceed
10%. Not included in this class, however, are institutional holdings, including investment companies,
partnerships, insurance companies, mutual funds, banks or venture capital firms unless these firms have
a direct relationship to the company, such as board representation. In that case, they are considered
strategic holdings and are included with the officers/directors group.
x ESOP or LESOP shares that comprise 10% or more of the shares outstanding are adjusted.
x Unlisted share classes: Classes of common stock that are not traded on a U.S. exchange are adjusted.
x IPO lock-ups: Shares locked up during an initial public offering are not available to tthe
he public and will be
excluded from the market value at the time the IPO enters the index.
x Government Holdings:
x Direct government holders: Those holdings listed as “government of” are considered unavailable
and will be removed entirely from available sha
shares.
x Indirect government holders: Shares held by government investment boards and/or investment
arms will be treated similar to large private holdings and removed if the holding is greater than 10%.
x Government pensions: Any holding by a governm
government
ent pension plan is considered institutional
holdings and will not be removed from available shares.
PAGE 11
SECTION 6
Determining sstyle
Russell Investments uses a “non-linear
linear probability” method to assign stocks to the growth and value style
valuation indexes and to assign stocks to the defensive and dynamic Russell Stability Indexes.
Indexes
PAGE 12
stability indicators. The Russell Dynamic In
Indexes
dexes measure the performance of companies that have
relatively less stable business conditions and are more sens
sensitive to those market cycles.
For each base index (Russell 1000 and Russell 2000), there are five specific fundamentals used to determine
the probability of being defensive or dynamic: Debt/Equity, Return on Assets (ROA), Earnings Variability, and
Total Return Volatility (52 week & 60 month). Among other things, a company has risks related to balance
sheet leverage, economic cycles and industry/
industry/product
product cycles, and weaknesses in its business model. Russell
uses debt/equity ratios as a proxy for risks related to balance sheet leverage. Earnings variability is used as a
proxy for risks related to economic cycles and industry/product cycles. Return o on
n assets (ROA) is used as a
proxy for risks related to the strength of a company’s business model. The final component used as an
indicator of a company’s risk is the volatility of its stock’s returns. Total return volatility reflects aspects of a
company’ss stability or risk not captured by the other three inputs to a company’s stability probability.
Using the Russell non-linear
linear style algorithm, companies with high stability probabilities are included in the
Russell Defensive
ve Indexes. Companies with low sstability
ability probabilities are included in the Russell Dynamic
Indexes.
Russell has assigned the label “Quality” to the score, resulting from an equal weight of the three accounting-
accounting
based indicators (earnings variability, debt/equity ratios, and ROA). Together
Together,, these three indicators comprise
50% of the stability probability. The “Volatility” score makes up the other half of the stability probability, and is
based on an equal weight of the past 52 weeks of the stock price’s weekly volatility and the past 60 monthsmon of
the stock price’s monthly volatility.
A company may be included in both the defensive and dynamic indexes based on its stability probability.
However, the number of shares for each index will be divided based on its stability probability. The total
tota
shares will be the same as the parent index.
52 Week 60 Month
Earnings Return on Total Return Total Return
Variability Leverage Assets Volatility Volatility
Weight: 33% Weight: 33% Weight: 33% Weight: 50% Weight: 50%
Total Return
Quality Score Volatility Score
Weight: 50% Weight: 50%
Stability
Probability
(0-1)
PAGE 13
Quality Score (comprises 50% of the overall stability probability)
There are three stability indicators which comprise the Quality Score
Score-- Debt/Equity, Pre-Tax
Tax ROA, and
Earnings Variability. Each indicator comprises one third of the Quality score.
Debt/Equity: The debt/equity ratio is based on the most recent quarterly SEC filing.
Pre-Tax ROA: The pre-taxtax ROA is based on the last year’s pre
pre-tax
tax income divided by the average of the
assets for the previous year ((current a
assets + same quarter one year prior)/2).
Earnings Variability: The earnings variability computation uses quarterly EPS for the previous 5 years. It is
based on the standard error of the linear earnings
earnings-per-share
share (EPS) trend regression. The rationale for using
the standard error is that if there is a trend in the EPS over time, then the trend itself should not contribute to
EPS variability. The standard error is then dividend by the median EPS (of the 20 observations).This scaling
normalizes the information to make each company directly comparable to other companies regardlessre of the
relative level of EPS.
Negative (or zero) EPS numbers are included in the standard error calculation, however, a negative or zero
median EPS value will not be used to calculate EPS variability. Rather, EPS variability is excluded in the
analysis
alysis and set to zero/dynamic. Assigning this value is equivalent to characterizing the company has having
very high earnings variability.
If there are less than 20 observations for EPS (or standard error is equal to zero), it is considered NULL and
standard
ard error will not be calculated (see missing variables below);
Missing Values
Description of non-linear
linear probability algorithm
Stock A, in Figure 1, is a security with 20% of its available shares assigned to the value index and the remaining
80% assigned to the growth index. The growth and value probabilities (or defensive and dynamic) will always
sum to 100%. Hence, the sum of a stock’s market capitalization in the growth and value index will always equal
its market capitalization in the Russell 1000 Index, Russell 2000 Index, or Russell Microcap Index.
Figure 1: Non-Linear
Linear Probability Function for Index Position Weights.
100% 100%
80%
20%
0%
PAGE 14 Low CVS 1st Quartile Median 3rd Quartile High CVS
Break Break
Stock A CVS
In Figure1, the quartile breaks are calculated such that approximately 25% of the available market
capitalization lies in each quartile. Stocks at the median are divided 50% in each style index. Stocks below the
first quartile are 100% in the growth index. Stocks above the third quartile are 100% in the value index. Stocks
falling between
etween the first and third quartile breaks are in both indexes to varying degrees; depending on how far
they are above or below the median and how close they are to the first or third quartile breaks.
The 5% rule
Roughly 70% of the available market capital
capitalization is classified as all-growth or all-value.
value. The remaining 30%
of stocks have some portion of their market value in either the value or growth index, depending on their
relative distance from the median value score. The astute observer may note that ssince ince the percentage of
capitalization between the first quartile and the third quartile is 50%, we would expect that 50% of the
capitalization would be found in both indexes. What happened to the 20% (i.e., 50% to 30%)? The source for
the disappearance of the 20% is our decision to institute a small position cutoff rule. If a stock’s weight is more
than 95% in one style index, we increase its weight to 100% in that index. This rule eliminates many small
weightings and makes passive management easier.
Banding Rule
In an effort to mitigate unnecessary turnover, Russell implements a banding methodology at the Composite
Value Score (CVS) level of the style algorithm. If a company’s CVS change from the previous year is WR
AND the company remains in the same core index (Russell 1000 or Russell 2000), then the CVS remains
unchanged during the next reconstitution process. Keeping the CVS static for these companies does not mean
the probability (growth/value or defensive/dynamic) will remain unchanged in all cases due to the relation of that
CVS score to the overall index. However, this banding methodology has proven to reduce turnover caused by
smaller, less meaningful movements while continuing to allow the larger, more meaningful changes to occur,
signaling
g a true change in a company’s relation to the market.
PAGE 15
the industry, subsector, or sector group is weighted. For those securities with at least three analysts
contributing
buting to the I/B/E/S Medium Term Growth
Growth,, 100% of the independent security’s value score is used.
For stability indexes (defensive and dynamic), if the quality or volatility indicator is not available, the company
receives a stability score for that indica
indicator
tor of 0.25. Since zero is the worst possible score and one is the best,
this conservative assumption mandates that missing data will result in a lower than average stability
probability. For EPS variability, as referenced above, the value is set to zero.
Russell non-linear
linear probability algorithm
1 1
Y=0 5(XM-X) 0.5 5(XM-X) 1
1 + exp 1 + exp
XM-XL XU-XM
XL XM XU
PAGE 16
SECTION 7
Corporate action
ction–driven changes
Timing and treatment of corporate
orporate actions
Changes to the Russell U.S. Indexes
ndexes are made when an action is final. To determine whether an action has
been completed, Russell uses a variety of reliable public sources. The sources of this information include
company press releases, SEC filings, exchange notifications and Bloomberg or other sources Russell deems
reliable. If it is determined that an action was not final after communication was given to clients, the changes
to the index will still occur.
Prior to the completion of an action, Russell estimates the effective date of tthe
he corporate action on the basis of
the same above sources. As new information becomes available, Russell will revise the anticipated effective
date and ultimately move it to a final, confirmed status. Final status will rarely be reverted back to preliminary
prelimina
status unless in the event of an error AND the correction can be made prior to the 11:30 a.m. on the day the
action is effective.
Depending upon the time an action is determined to be final, Russell will either (1) apply the action after the
close of the current market day (t), or (2) apply the action after the close of the following day (t+1), referred to
as a “delayed action” (see specific action types for details on timing and procedure). The timing of when
corporate actions are applied is critical ffor
or accurate market representation, and it impacts the tracking for
passive managers. Russell believes this methodology strikes the best balance between the two. The impact of
the action and the effective date will be communicated to clients on a regular sc schedule
hedule throughout the day. For
a schedule and sample of notifications, see Appendix E.
PAGE 17
If Russell is able to determine the status of the action to be final after 2:00 p.m. Eastern: These actions
will be deemed a “delayed action” and will be applied after the close of the following day (t+1). A synthetic
position of the company will remain in the index for one day, and a calculated closing price for the acquired
entity or merged entity will be established. The calculated price is determined by the terms of the action and
based on the last traded price of the acquiring company (t+1). See Appendix F for calculations. For real-time
real
calculations, intra-day
day trading will reflect a stale price for the acquired entity. If the merger involves an election,
the default terms will be used.
Merger or acquisition between a member and a non non-member: A non-membermember is defined as a company
that is not a member of the Russell 3000E Index or the Russell Global Index. A merger or acquisition between
one member of the Russell 3000E Index and one non non-member ber can take two forms: (1) The acquiring company
is a member of the Russell 3000E Index and the acquired company is not; or (2) The acquiring company is not
a member, but the acquired company is a member. In the second case, it may be determined that the action
falls into the category of a reverse merger, and special processing will be applied. Microcap and Global index
members are not currently assigned a Stability score, therefore, for Russell Stability Indexes, shares will be
updated according to the termsrms of the merger
merger, but the stability probability will not change.
1. If the acquiring company is a member: In this case, the acquiring company’s shares are adjusted at month
end (see changes to outstanding capital for further details).
2. If the acquiring company is not a member: These types of actions can take two forms, either a reverse
merger or a standard acquisition.
Reverse mergers: When a Russell 3000 Index member is acquired or merged with a private, non-publicly-
non
traded company or OTC company, Russell will review the action to determine whether it is considered a
reverse merger (note: this rules does not apply to Russell Micrcoap only members, standard corporate action
rules apply).. A reverse merger is defined as a transaction that results in a publicly traded company that meets
all requirements for inclusion in a Russell index. If it is determined that an action is a reverse merger, the
following rules will be applied:
1. The newly formed entity will be placed in the appropriate market capitalization index after the close of the
day following the completion of the merger (t+1). The delay is necessary to capture an opening price.
Index placement will be determined by using the market
market-adjusted
adjusted breakpoints from the last reconstitution.
2. The
e acquired company will be simultaneously removed from the current index (t+1), capturing synthetic
performance for the day of t+1.
3. The growth/value of the surviving entity is determined by the industry average. For defensive/dynamic, the
surviving entity takes on the existing members
members’ characteristic.
4. Cross-ownership
ownership will be determined on the basis of the most recent SEC filings
For example, private Company A acquires Russell 3000 Member B, currently a member of the Russell 2000;
the acquisition is determined
ned to be a reverse merger. The newly formed entity, Company C, will be analyzed
for inclusion through the following steps:
First, the new entity’s market capitalization will be determined by use of the opening price at t+1 (typically the
first price available).
able). Second, this market capitalization will be compared to the latest reconstitution
breakpoints after adjusting for market performance, using the Russell 3000
3000E to determine index placement.
PAGE 18
Assuming the determination (based on the new market capitaliza
capitalization)
tion) is to place the newly formed entity in the
Russell 1000, after the close at t+1, Company B will be deleted from the Russell 2000 and Company C will be
added to the Russell 1000.
Standard action: The
he acquired company is deleted after the action is fifinal.
If Russell is able to determine the status of the action to be final prior to 2:00 p.m. Eastern: Actions
resulting in a delete will result in the company’s removal after the close of the current day (t) at the last traded
price.
If Russell is able to determine the status of the action to be final after 2:00 p.m. Eastern: These actions
will be deemed a “delayed action” and will be applied after the close of the following day (t+1). The deleted
company will remain in the index at a stale price, based o
on
n the previous day’s close, and will be removed the
following day at a synthetic price of the acquiring company. See Appendix F for calculations.
Reincorporations
Members of the index that are reincorporated to another country are analyzed for country assignment
ass the
following year during reconstitution, as long as they continue to trade in the U.S. Companies that reincorporate
and no longer trade in the U.S. are immediately deleted from the U.S. indexes and placed in the appropriate
country within the Russell
ell Global Index. Those that reincorpate to the U.S. during the year, will be assessed
assess
during reconstitution for membership.
Rights offerings
Rights offered to shareholders are reflected in the index on the date the offer expires for non-transferable
non
rights and on the ex-date
date for transferable rights. In both cases, the price is adjusted to account for the value of
the right on the ex-date,, and shares are increased according to the terms of the offering on that day (t). (t The
value of the right is determined by use of the market value of the right, if available. If there is no market value
available, the value
lue of the right is calculated. If the value of the right is deemed worthless (value is less than
zero), no price adjustment
justment will be made. Rights issued in anticipation of a takeover over event, or “poison pill” rights
are excluded from this treatment and no price adjustment is mad made e for their issuance or redemption.
redemption See
Appendix F for calculations.
PAGE 19
of 1,000 shares is greater than 5% of the available shares and that the current float factor is 50%, 500 shares
would be added to the index. (Note: If any new shares issued are una
unavailable
vailable according to the filing, that
portion will not be added to the index.)
Spin-offs
The only additions between reconstitution dates result from spin
spin-offs and initial public offerings. Spin-off
Spin
companies are added to the parent company's index and cap capitalization
italization tier of membership if the spin-off
spin
company is large enough. To be eligible, the spun
spun-off
off company’s total market capitalization must be greater
than the market-adjusted
adjusted total market capitalization of the smallest security in the Russell 3000E Index
In at the
latest reconstitution. The spin-off
off company’s style (growth/value or defensive/dynamic) index is determined by
the style index membership of the parent entity. As an exception, spin-offsoffs entering the Russell Stability
Indexes during the first two weeks of recon will be (ranked appropriately) defaulted to 100% dynamic.
See Appendix F for further description of the calculation of market
market-adjusted
adjusted total market capitalization in the
Russell 3000E Index.
If the spun-off
off company is not large enough tto be added to the index and is not trading on a “when-issued”
“when
basis, the index will recognize the performance of the spin
spin-off
off during its first day of trading through a synthetic
price/performance of the parent company. This will allow holders one trading day ay to liquidate positions and
replicate the index. If the spun-off
off company is not large enough to be added to the index but IS trading on a
when-issued
issued basis, the index will remove the spun
spun-off
off company’s value by using the when issued price.
If a U.S. spin-off
off from a Russell Global ex
ex-U.S. index member occurs, the spun-off off company will also be
placed in the parent’s index and capitalization tier of the Russell Global Index. For example, if a non-U.S.
non
member of the Russell Global ex-U.S.
U.S. Large Cap Index spispins off a company,, incorporates in the U.S., and is
larger than the lowest market-adjusted
adjusted market capitalization of the Russell 3000E Index, the new company will
be placed in the Russell 1000 Index.
If the price of a spin-off
off is not available, a price will be established by first using an exchange provided
estimate or a Russell calculated estimate if the exchange does not provide one. At the close the first day of
trading, a synthetic price/performance will be calculated to account for the actual opening price pri of the spin-off.
This price/performance is calculated to capture accurate performance of both the spin-off off and parent for the
day. Note, real time calculations will reflect only the estimated performance on the two companies as actual
performance is not captured until end of day.
Tender offers
A company acquired as the result of a tender offer is removed when the offer has fully expired and when it is
determined that the company will finalize the process with a short short-form
form merger. Because this information is
typically not available until after the close, clients will be given notice one trading day prior to the removal of
the acquired company, and the company will be removed at t+1 at the last traded market price.
Shares of the acquiring company, if a memb
member
er of the Russell 3000E Index, will be increased simultaneously at
t+1, if applicable.
Delisting
Only companies listed on U.S. exchanges are included in the Russell U.S. indexes. Therefore, when a
company is delisted from a U.S. exchange and moved to OTC, the company is removed from the Russell
PAGE 20
Indexes.. When this occurs, the company is removed either at the close of the current day (t) at the last traded
price, or the following day (t+1), using the closing OTC price.
Securities continuing to trade on the p
primary exchange (non-halted):
If Russell determines the status of the action to be final prior to 2:00 p.m. Eastern: These deletes will be
applied after the close of the current day (t), using the last traded price.
If Russell determines the status of the action to be final after 2:00 p.m. Eastern:: These deletes will be
deemed “delayed actions” and will be carried out after the close of the following day (t+1), using the closing
OTC price.
Securities previously halted that fail to trade on the primary exc
exchange
hange prior to being moved to the OTC will
always be removed the following day (t+1) at the OTC closing price, regardless of the time of notification.
Stock distributions
Stock distributions can take two forms: (1) a stated aamount of stock distributed on the ex-date,
date, or (2) an
undetermined amount of stock based on earnings and profits to be distributed at a future date. In both cases,
a price adjustment is done on the ex
ex-date
date of the distribution. Shares are increased on the ex-date
ex for category
(1) and on the pay-date
date for category (2).
Dividends
Gross dividends are included in the daily total return calculation of the indexes on the basis of their ex-dates.
ex
The ex-date
date is used rather than the pay
pay-date because the marketplace pricerice adjustment for the dividend
occurs on the ex-date.
date. Monthly, quarterly and annual total returns are calculated by compounding the
reinvestment of dividends daily. The reinvestment and compounding is at the total index level, not at the
security level. Stock
tock prices are adjusted to reflect special cash dividends on the ex
ex-date. If a dividend is
payable in stock and cash and the stock rate cannot be determined by the ex ex-date,
date, the dividend is treated as
all cash
Halted securities
Halted securities are not removed from the Russell Indexes until the time they are actually delisted from the
exchange (see ”Delisting”).
Delisting”). If a security is halted, it remains in the index at the last traded price from until the
time the security resumes trading
ding or is officially delisted.
PAGE 21
APPENDIX A
Spin-offs
Spin-offs
offs from a Russell Dividend Achievers member will not be added to the index at the time of spin-off.
spin
PAGE 22
APPENDIX B
Methodology
At each calendar quarter end, the holdings of the parent index (the index from which CAPS is derived) are
reviewed for security weight. If any security is greater than 20% and/or the sum of all securities with weights
greater than or equal to 5% is greater than 50%
50%, then the excess weight is allocated on a weight-adjusted
weight
basis to the remaining members of the index portfolio.
If the parent index is in violation of the above restrictions, those specific securities in violation will be adjusted
to reflect a more appropriate weight within the CAPS index. The following rebalance will occur:
x Securities with weights greater than 20% will be capped to 18% and the excess weight redistributed to all
other shares in the index on a weighted basis.
x All securities >5% weight are summed together. If this summed weight is >50%, %, then the weight of each
stock in this group is reduced and redistributed to all other shares in the index on a weighted basis. This
process may need to be repeated multiple times if the redistribution increases a security previously less
than 5% intoto the >5% group and the new sum is equal or greater than 48%.
Detailed algorithms are available upon request.
Monthly Maintenance
On a monthly basis (outside of calendar quarter end) the current CAPS index is analyzed to check whether it
has broken any of the threshold rules. If so, then the quarterly process is repeated. If not, no change is made
to the index.
Daily Maintenance–Corporate
Corporate Actions
In order to avoid excess turnover, shares will not change for the CAPS index unless warranted
arranted by current
holdings.
A company will be removed from the CAPS index if they are removed from the parent index for any reason,
including the following:
x Acquisition
x Bankruptcy
x Delisting
x Change in eligibility (sector change)
x Re-incorporation
PAGE 23
The following actions to the parent index will NOT result in shares/
shares/membership
embership changes in the CAPS index.
All changes will be reflected at quarter end:
x Merger between a member and a non
non-member
x Month-end Share adjustments
x Rights/warrants
Shares WILL be adjusted in the CAPS index in the following situations, which typically result in no change to
the market value of the member
ber or combination of members:
x Mergers between members
x Stock Distribution
x Stock Dividend
x Spin-off
x Stock split
PAGE 24
APPENDIX C
Index tickers
ickers and base values
BLOOMBERG BLOOMBERG
SYMBOL PRICE SYMBOL TOTAL
RUSSELL INDEX CUSIP Reuters RETURN RETURN AMEX ETF
Russell 1000® US&RUI RIY RU10INTR IWB
Russell 1000® Mini US&RUI.M RXU
Russell 1000® Value US&RUIP RLV RU10VATR RLV IWD
Russell 1000® Growth US&RUIE RLG RU10GRTR RLG IWF
Russell 1000® Defensive Index RU1000DF
Russell 1000® Dynamic Index RU1000DY
PAGE 25
The index value is the compounded result of the cumulative daily (or monthly) return percentages, where the
starting value of the index is equal to the base value and base date. Returns between any two dates can then
be derived by dividing the ending period index value (IV1) by the beginning period (IV0) index value (Return =
[(IV1 / IV0) –1]*100).
Calculated by Russell Calculated real time by Reuters
Index Base Date/Value Inception Base Date/Value Inception
®
Russell 1000 12/31/78 = 100.00 12/31/78 12/31/86 = 130.00 12/31/86
®
Russell 1000 Value 12/31/90 = 100.00 12/31/78 08/31/92 = 200.00 08/31/92
®
Russell 1000 Growth 12/31/90 = 100.00 12/31/78 08/31/92 = 200.00 08/31/92
®
Russell 2000 12/31/78 = 100.00 12/31/78 12/31/86 = 135.00 12/31/86
®
Russell 2000 Growth 05/31/93 = 1,000.00 12/31/78 03/16/00 = 500.00 03/16/00
®
Russell 2000 Value 05/31/93 = 1,000.00 12/31/78 03/16/00 = 500.00 03/16/00
®
Russell 3000 12/31/78 = 100.00 12/31/78 12/31/86 = 140.00 12/31/86
®
Russell 3000 Growth 05/31/95 = 1,000.00 12/31/78 03/16/00 = 700.00 03/16/00
®
Russell 3000 Value 05/31/95 = 1,000.00 12/31/78 03/16/00 = 700.00 03/16/00
®
Russell Midcap 12/31/78 = 100.00 12/31/78 08/31/92 = 200.00 08/31/92
®
Russell Midcap Growth 12/31/85 = 100.00 12/31/85 03/16/00 = 500.00 03/16/00
®
Russell Midcap Value 12/31/85 = 100.00 12/31/85 03/16/00 = 500.00 03/16/00
®
Russell Top 200 12/31/78 = 100.00 12/31/78 03/16/00 = 400.00 03/16/00
®
Russell Top 200 Growth 12/31/85 = 100.00 12/31/85 03/16/00 = 400.00 03/16/00
®
Russell Top 200 Value 12/31/85 = 100.00 12/31/85 03/16/00 = 400.00 03/16/00
PAGE 26
APPENDIX D
PAGE 27
x If a company changes their detailed level of reporting (country to regional or regional to country), Russell
first utilizes the more detailed level of reporting, but also reviews the less detailed reporting to ensure
accuracy and monitor current trends.
x The majority of assets/revenue is determined by the absolute difference between those percentages. For
example, a 20% difference WOULD be achieved if assets were 44% in one country and 20% in another. A
20% difference WOULD NOT be recognized if one country was reported as 30% and another country was
reported as 20% higher at 36%.
PAGE 28
Example by Country:
Home Country Indicators: Incorporated in U.S., Headquartered in China, Most liquid exchange U.S.
Year 1 Assets/ Revenues
Country ($USD in millions) Year 1 Calculated Percentage
US 6 30.00%
China 3 15.00%
Country 3 3 15.00%
Country 4 3 15.00%
Country 5 3 15.00%
Country 6 2 10.00%
Total $20M 100.00%
Results: Total assets/revenues from the U.S. is NOT 20 percentage points greater than that from any
other individual country. Assuming assets and revenues are equal this example defaults to
headquarters.
Example by Region:
Home Country Indicators: Incorporated in U.S., Headquartered in UK, Most liquid exchange is U.S.
Year 1 Assets/ Revenues
Region ($USD in millions) Year 1 Calculated Percentage
North America 6 37.50%
Europe 2 12.50%
Asia 2 12.50%
Middle East 2 12.50%
Africa 2 12.50%
South America 2 12.50%
Total $16M 100.00%
Results: Total assets/revenues for North America is 20 percentage points greater than that from any
other region. Also, the HCI countries are in different regions. Country assignment is U.S.
Results: Total U.S. assets/revenues comprise more than 40% of the total assets compared to the
rest of the world. Country assignment is U.S.
PAGE 29
APPENDIX E
Sample client
lient notification
Timely communication regarding the impact of corporate events on the Russell U.S. indexes is vital for
passive managers tracking the indexes. For this reason, Russell provides a calendar of predictive corporate
action events and provides a daily schedule o of e-mail
mail notifications to Premier subscribers. The calendar
provides a forecast of actions Russell expects to complete in the next two weeks and their anticipated
effective dates. In addition, throughout the day, e e-mail notifications are sent to clients regarding
garding actions that
are completing on the current and following market days. The status flag will indicate the likelihood that an
action will be effective for the day. A final flag indicates that the action is confirmed as final. Notifications follow
the schedule below. However, any information that becomes available between the scheduled times will be
sent immediately.
Schedule of notifications
Time of notification
(Eastern Time) Content of notification
10:30 a.m. Actions effective after the close of the current day and the following day, both preliminary
and final, are included.
2:30 p.m. Final actions effective after the close of the current day and anticipated actions and final
actions for the following day. Note: A notification is sent regardless of whether a change
has occurred since the 11:00 a.m. notice.
7:00 p.m. Actions anticipate
anticipated to take effect after the close of the following day.
* Note, on days when the markets close early only one report generated which will serve as final notice. The report will be
delivered an hour and a half prior to market close.
Sample notification
PAGE 30
How to read e-mail notifications
Status: P = Preliminary; estimation based on available information
F = Final; effective date has been confirmed
Effective date: The effective date refers to the date the action will occur AFTER the close/before
close/befo the open. A
manager would want to put in a “market on close” order for the day of the effective date.
PAGE 31
APPENDIX F
Performance a
algorithms and examples
xamples
Adjusted price for acquired companies (t+1), or a “delayed action”
Stock / Stock plus Cash Actions between members. The closing price of the acquired company will be
adjusted to capture the performance of the newly formed entity, according to the merger terms.
Adjusted closing price calculation:
= (Acquiring company closing
losing price per share (t
(t+1)*stock terms) + cash
ash offer per share
Stock only example: On trading day, t, Company A, a member of the Russell 1000, acquires Company B, a
member of the Russell 2000, at the acquisition terms of 1:5 shares. Based on the time of final notification from
the exchange, Russell classifies this as a “delayed action.” Therefore, for an entire trading day (t+1), Company
B remains a member of the Russell 2000, although the action has been finalized and technically Company B
no longer
nger trades. At the close of that day, Company B’s price is adjusted to mimic the terms of the deal and
capture the performance of Company A. After the close (t+1), Company B is removed from the Russell 2000,
and Company A’s shares are increased in the cor correct
rect proportion according to the merger terms.
terms
Company B (R2)
Date Company A (R1) 1,200 shares
Closing Price (t) $10.00 $2.00
Closing Price (t+1) $12.00 No longer trading
Adjusted Closing Price (t+1) NA $2.40
Stock + cash example: In the same example as above, assume that the merger terms were stock plus cash,
1:5 plus $2 per share.
Company B (R2)
Date Company A (R1) 1,200 shares
Closing Price (t) $10.00 $4.00
Closing Price (t+1) $12.00 No longer trading
Adjusted Closing Price (t+1) NA $4.40
PAGE 32
Date Company Z (R2)
Closing Price (T) $5.00
Closing Price (T+1) No longer trading
Cash Price (T+1) $5.02
Rights offering
If the market value of a right does not exist, the ex
ex-rights
rights price is calculated by use of the following algorithm.
[(# of rights required to buy one new shares * clos
closing price of stock)) + subscription price] / (1 + # of
rights required to buy one new share
share)
A price adjustment is made to the security to account for the value of the right on the ex
ex-rights
rights date.
Price adjustment = price per share with rights – price per share post rights
Market-adjusted breakpoints
Market-adjusted
adjusted breakpoints are determined by applying the performance of the Russell 3000E
3000 Index to date
to the latest reconstitution breakpoints.
Example: Russell 3000E Performance to date = 2.05%
Latest reconstitution breakpoint between R1 and R2 = $1.8 billion
Market-adjusted
adjusted breakpoint = $1.8B * 1.0205 = $1.804
PAGE 33
For more information about Russell Indexes call us or visit www.russell.com/indexes.
Americas: +1-877-503-6437;
6437; APAC
APAC: +65-6880-5003; EMEA: +44-0-20-7024-6600
Copyright © Russell Investments 2011
11. All rights reserved.
Russell Investments is a Washington, USA Corporation, which operates through subsidiaries worldwide and is
a subsidiary of The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company.
Russell Investments is the owner of the trademarks, service marks and copyrights related to the Russell
Indexes.
Indxis and Russell Investments are the source and joint owners of copyrights related to the Russell Dividend
Achievers Indexes.
Indexes are unmanaged and cannot be invested in directly.
This material is proprietary and may not be reproduced, transferred, or distributed in any form without prior
written permission from Russell Investments. It is delivere
deliveredd on an “as is” basis without warranty.
Nothing contained in this material is intended to constitute legal, tax, securities, or investment advice, nor an
opinion regarding the appropriateness of any investment, nor a solicitation of any type. The general
information
nformation contained in this publication should not be acted upon without obtaining specific legal, tax, and
investment advice from a licensed professional.
First use: February 2008. Revised: February 2011.
CORP-6543