Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Methodology
Sources and methods of data collection
Data was collected from primary and secondary sources. The primary data was gathered from
observation by going to the actual field and interviewing the local inhabitants. Interview is carried out
because, most of the elders who could offer reliable information are unable to read and write even in
their vernacular language. For the secondary resources written materials are consulted. The written
materials include national and international published and unpublished documents reputed to famous
academicians of or time.
• The monastery of Abune Guba: established by one of the nine saints who came to our
country in the 6th century A.D to evangelize the country.
1. Gereb Dina: it has many tributary streams these are al gereb, hara, boya, indrqan, kurya,
tselia, dejena etc. It flows from northeast to south west. Gereb Dina is the only perennial river and has
larger annual flow volume than other river basins in the woreda.it originates from 3800 m.a.s.l. of the
highlands of the woreda and come down to 1600 m.a.s.l.
2. Gereb Guguf: it has large number of tributary streams. Some of them are sebhi, katin,
shinta, zara, cheleka, teklehaymanot etc.it is generated from the mountains of the wereda in the altitude
of 2960 m above sea level. Unlike Gereb Dina, Gereb guguf is an intermittent river, which flows
towards the east and reached up to wereda raya azebo.
3. Gereb Wejig: in terms of area, length and annual flow volume, it is the smallest basin in the
woreda. It has few numbers tributary streams. River checha is one of its tributary. This river basin
originates from embahasti-Tsibet rigid and terminated in the plain land of raya Azebo at altitude of
1840 m.a.s.l.
Climate of Endamohoni
Based on its location the woreda is categorized under summer rainfall region of Ethiopia. Areas which
are located in this rainfall region receive maximum rainfall during summer season. The woreda receives
maximum rainfall during summer season. As to the data collected by agricultural development and
natural resource office, its average annual rainfall amount is 726.5 mm. Its amount of rainfall can be
grouped under semi desert climate region. In the woreda, there is occurrence of recurrent drought. this
indicated that the area is susceptible to drought. (Elias)
“Ferah Emba”/Tsibet is the highest peak of the National Regional State of Tigray. It is about 3960
meters above sea level. The average elevation of Endamehoni is 2850 m.a.s.l. so it's more of high land.
In addition to this the woreda is covered with a number of chains of mountains and ridged terrain. The
mountain is a very spectacular area of the region. It is found in “wereda endamehoni”/District of
Endamemehoni, located in the Northern part of Maichew town.
To estimate, the mountain may be 12kms from the town, Maichew (the capital of southern Tigray)
“Ferah Emba”/Tsibet is a real paradise of land for me. Anyone can see the lowland areas of raya azebo
standing from mount Tsibet. In addition, one can see. The historic and geographic mountain of Alaje
standing to its north.
The people of Tsibet told me that they can see the light of Mekelle city standing from their
mountain. If you look to the south standing from Tsibet you can see the mountains of Ofla. To the west
we can see the Semen Mountains that are parts of the Amhara regional national state. At the top of
“Laelay Tsibet “there is a spectacular mountain called”Tisbet” to mean “narrow”. This mountain is also
termed as “Ferah Emba” by the indigenous or native people of the kebelle.
At the bottom of the mountain in about 10 kms from the town of maichew we can find 'Tahtay
tisbet' or 'lower Tisbet'. At that very place we find “Afaje” junior school. This school is placed in flat
surface or plain. The school is surrounded by very dense forest of yehabesha tid and eucalyptus trees.
1. “Meida Reesi”/ plain head/ peak/ is the peak of the mountain it is this spot that is 3960
meter above sea level. This peak is visible from the town of Maichew
This is the second peak of “Tsibet ”. This peak is visible from the town of Maichew or we can see
it from the town of Maichew.
3. Reesi head/peak
This part of mountain tsibet is not visible from the town of Maichew. It is situated to the west of the
obove two peaks and is visible from the small village called 'Tekea' , a small village lying to its
north western root along the main road to Alaje. In this part of the mountain we can find an ice. The
reason why we find here is that because the area is cliff and it can not get sun light.
5 .Meida Godagudi /plain of the valley. This part of mount Tsibet is a plain
on the peak used for grazing. Domestic animals such as sheep, horses, cattle, mules and goats are
kept in this grazing land.
6. Segadi:
The lowest part of mount tsibet which is visible from the the side of of the village of Ayba. This
part of the mountain is used as farm land and for grazing purpose.
Rango: Likewise the boys and girls of Tsibet have their own hair styles apart from their parents. The
rango hair style is common among the little boys and girls whose age may range from 3 to 10 years.
The rango hair style is a typical hair style of the Rasteferians or Rastas of Jamaica. It is also used by
different black Africans. In addition the 'Rango' hair style is also used by Central American &
Caribbean peoples.
The origin of the “Rango” hair style is really in Ethiopia particularly in the Northern part that is the
present day of the national Regional state of Tigray. It is in the southern part of Tigray that the boys &
girls grow their hair in the form of “Rango”. The people of Endamohoni seem to worry about their hair
and they used “Tesmi” or butter for their head & Clothes. In addition, they used “Tesmi”/ butter/ to
decorate their walking sticks.
Local foods
In addition to this the youth can also participate in preparing local foods such as “ Enjera” “hinbasha”,
Hibishti, & other foods & this in the long run sell it tourists either domestic or interarnational its will
lead as to establish hotels, Bars, restaurants and other service providing sectors.
Crop production:
Endamehoni is suitable for different crops to grow. At the lowest /bottom/ of the mountain before
reaching Afage, “Mashila”or”Loka” /sorghum/, wheat and barely are the dominant crops. As altitude
increases or as we approach towards the mountain the dominant crops are wheat & barely.
The Kebelle of Tsibet is a promising land particularly for cultivating barely. The peasants should be
encouraged to grow particularly barely using modern seeds. So that they will sell their produce to the
Raya Beer share company with reasonable & good prices.
Farmers used to grow and produce cereal and pulses crops. Some of the crops produced by farmers of
Endamehoni are wheat, barely, teff, deqoqo, lentil, chickpea etc…Of these crops, wheat and barly are
the dominantly and commonly produced crops in all the Tabias of the wereda.As to Elias the amount of
production fluctuates from year to year.
The degree of variation is high for instance in 1987/88- production year the total production was
56729.25. Three years later the amount of production become 176379.8quintal. After a year in 1994/95
production the amount of production declines to 100158.5.
One of the prominent factors that determine the amount of production is rainfall. In the woreda
96.98%of cultivated land is rainfeed.Thus crop production in the wereda is highly dependent on rain.
As a result when drought occurs, amount of production decreases and results in migration, famine, and
death.
According to Elias 69 47% of the total respondents said that their annual production is not sufficient for
their annual consumption with their families. However, the remaing 30.52% are reported that their
annual production is sufficient for consumption.
According to Elias in 1996/97- production year, the average amount of crop production per individual
was 2.43 quintal; accordingly, the average amount of food crop that an individual requires for survival
in a year is 1.8 quintal.
The major problems that contribute to low production in the woreda are
Lack of enough rainfall
Small land holding
Traditional method of farming
Topography and
Backward inputs.
At the lowest /bottom/ of the mountain before reaching Afage, “Mashila”or”Loka” /sorghum/, wheat
and barely are the dominant crops. As altitude increases or as we approach towards the mountain the
dominant crops are wheat & barely.
Endamohoni is a promising land particularly for cultivating barely. The farmers should be encouraged
to grow particularly barely using modern seeds. So that they will sell their produce to the newly
established Raya Beer share company with reasonable & good prices. By integrating the agriculture,
ecotourism and the beer factory and other sectors we can possibly achive the growth and transformation
plan.
Livestock production
According to the 1999 livestock census of Tigray, Endamohoni had 16836 livestock populaton.The
share of the woreda in livestock population in our region zonal level is 2.2% and 7.7% respectively.
Mining:
The major rock types identified in Endamohoni woreda are; Igneous (basalts and granite). The granite
stone is widely available. If we extract it; it serves for the people of Maichew who are buying stones
from distant areas like Ayba and other places. In order to eradicate poverty we must work hard.