Habitat Protection Through Community Participation

[PROTECTING HABITAT THROUGH COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ] Final Report
Houbara Protection Organization Page 1

Table of Contents
Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................... 5
Preface ............................................................................................................................ 6
Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 7
Refugees Affected and Hosting Areas Programme ......................................................... 9
Goal ............................................................................................................................. 9
Objectives .................................................................................................................... 9
Programme Implementation Management ................................................................. 10
Project Area ............................................................................................................... 10
Houbara Protection Organization .................................................................................. 12
Date of Creation......................................................................................................... 12
Registration ............................................................................................................... 12
Vision Statement........................................................................................................ 13
Mission Statement ..................................................................................................... 13
Aims & Objectives...................................................................................................... 13
Values........................................................................................................................ 13
Active advocacy at ..................................................................................................... 14
Issues of Interest ....................................................................................................... 14
Geographical Coverage ............................................................................................. 14
Project Staff ............................................................................................................... 15
Brief Description of the Project ...................................................................................... 16
Expected Outcomes .................................................................................................. 16
Main tasks for Houbara Protection Organization ....................................................... 16
Scope of Work: .......................................................................................................... 17
District Flora & Fauna Data Collection .......................................................................... 18
Flora & Fauna of District Quetta ................................................................................ 18
Enviornment ........................................................................................................... 19
Flora of Quetta ....................................................................................................... 20
Fauna of Quetta ..................................................................................................... 20

Flora & Fauna of District Loralai .................................................................................... 22

Flora of Loralai ....................................................................................................... 23
Fauna of Loralai ..................................................................................................... 24
Flora & Fauna of District Pishin ..................................................................................... 25
Environment ........................................................................................................... 26
Flora of Pishin ........................................................................................................ 27
Fauna of Pishin ...................................................................................................... 27
Flora & Fauna of District Chagai ................................................................................... 29
Environment ........................................................................................................... 30
Flora of Chagai....................................................................................................... 32
Fauna of Chagai..................................................................................................... 32
Conservation Committee Formation .............................................................................. 34
Conservation Committee Formation Procedure ......................................................... 34
Conservation Committee Structure ............................................................................ 34
Conservation Committees of Quetta .......................................................................... 36
Conservation Committees of Pishin ........................................................................... 39
Conservation Committees of Loralai .......................................................................... 45
Conservation Committees of Chagai ......................................................................... 51
Training Manual Development ...................................................................................... 58
Training Sessions .......................................................................................................... 59
Name of Training: ...................................................................................................... 59
Training Objective: ..................................................................................................... 59
Relevance of Training: ............................................................................................... 59
Outcomes of Training: ............................................................................................... 59
Target audience: ........................................................................................................ 59
Course pre-requisites: ............................................................................................... 60
Training duration & schedule: ........................................................................................ 60
Training methodology: ................................................................................................... 60
Course syllabus: ............................................................................................................ 60
Training Sessions in Quetta ....................................................................................... 61

Training Sessions in Pishin .................................................................................... 62

Training Sessions in Loralai ................................................................................... 63
Training Sessions in Chagai .................................................................................. 64
Success Stories and lesson learns................................................................................ 65
Conservation Committee of Panjpai Union Council ................................................... 65
Challenges, Suggestions and Recommendations ......................................................... 66
Raising Public Awareness: ........................................................................................ 66
Institutionalizing Environmental Education ................................................................ 67
Addressing Ground Water Misuse ............................................................................. 68
Managing Rangelands and Livestock ........................................................................ 69
Using Forests Sustainably ......................................................................................... 70
Photo Gallery ................................................................................................................ 72

Acknowledgement
Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan acknowledges the steady

assistance and supervision extended by Entire RAHA-RAA team.
We would like to show our appreciation to the Provincial Programme

Manager Mr. Javed Shawani for his support and guidance throughout the
project period.
Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan also pays regards for the

guidance provided by Mr. Zaheer Ahmed Durrani and Mr. Nadeem for their
help, suggestions and support in developing the training manuals,
Promotional Material brochures and booklets.
We would like to thank the regional mangers of RAHA-RAA Mr. Riaz

Mengal, Mr. Imtiaz Ahmed and Mr. Kaleem Hotak for their untiring
cooperation, Guidance and support throughout the activity.
Special Thanks also goes to the Social Organizers of RAHA-RAA

Programme who guided us in cluster formation and training plan
preparations for each cluster.

Preface
Balochistan is rich in biodiversity. Wide variations in physical features and climate have
produced diverse landscapes, ecosystems and habitats that are important to the
national and global heritage. Much of the province remains poorly investigated.
Systematic knowledge of the flora remains incomplete and a comprehensive analysis of
endemicity and species distribution and abundance has not been completed. What is
certain is that Balochistan is one of the most important wildlife regions of Pakistan, and
contains a large number of species not found elsewhere in the country.
The natural Habitat of Balochistan is severely damaged due to over hunting and illegal
Poaching. Beside this the areas where the Afghan Refugees were settled were most
effected due to the unnatural growth in the population of these areas due to sudden
huge settlements, resulting in the deforestation of the region, decrease in the
underground water levels and introduction of new diseases among the livestock and
wild animals as a result. The situation was worsened after the long drought condition
that engulfed the province since 1998 till date, resulting in the destruction of entire
ecosystem, rangelands and wildlife of Balochistan.
In the wake of these conditions RAHA-RAA Programmer initiated a project for creating
awareness about the protection of “Habitat through community Participation”. This task
was assigned to Houbara Protection Organization for formation of Conservation
Committees in the RAHA-RAA Focused districts. Under this project 12 Conservation
Committees were formed in 5 districts, and about 300 activists were trained. The
anticipated outcome of the project was that the Trained and sensitized community
activists will utilize their acquired knowledge to contribute in protecting natural habitat.
The Conservation Committees formed and trained by Houbara protection organization

showed a positive response in this regard and they complained and made eight Arab
Sheikhs for their illegal hunt of Endangered Houbara Bustard in Panjpai region, while
the conservation committees of Chagai have formed an action committee which is
devising strategy against the extensive hunting and illegal poaching in Chagai district
with the consultation of Houbara Protection Organization team.

Introduction
Balochistan has a rich history dating back to the Stone Age. Then, as now, people
depended on the natural resources of this arid region. Balochistan led the world in the
domestication of native plants and animals that now form the basis of the agro pastoral
systems and settlement patterns we see today.
Rich in natural resources yet poor in material terms, Balochistan today is a province at
the cross roads. With its wealth of biodiversity and vast reserves of natural gas,
petroleum and minerals, Balochistan has immense potential as a future success story.
There are, however, serious impediments in the path to a brighter future. Low literacy
levels, widespread poverty, poor communications and a hostile climate and terrain are
just some of the obstacles in the way. Add to this depressing picture a long history of
poor planning and unsustainable development efforts and the future prospects seem
bleaker still.
Although the Government and the people of Balochistan have made various attempts
over the years to imp rove their situation, many of these efforts have been marred by a
lack of vision and of clear priorities. As a result, development planning has been largely
sectoral, aimed at addressing short-term needs. Often, political pressures rather than
objective needs determined the planning process, benefiting a handful of people and
bypassing the vast majority. These efforts have not only failed to reduce poverty but
have led to a rapid depletion of natural resources and severe environmental
degradation.
Balochistan is rich in biodiversity. Wide variations in physical features and climate have
produced diverse landscapes, ecosystems and habitats that are important to the
national and global heritage. Much of the province remains poorly investigated.
Systematic knowledge of the flora remains incomplete and a comprehensive analysis of
endemicity and species distribution and abundance has not been completed. What is
certain is that Balochistan is one of the most important wildlife regions of Pakistan, and
contains a large number of species not found elsewhere in the country.

Balochistan has one of the largest blocks of juniper (Juniperus excelsa) forests in the
world. They cover approximately 141,000 hectares. The most extensive and best -
known examples are found in the Ziarat and Zarghoon valleys, which occur at
elevations between 1,980 – 3,350 meters. Growing conditions are harsh. The trees are
very slow growing. Consequently, these forests are believed to be among the primitive
in the world.
The province also has some of the world‟s finest wetland habitats. These are small in
number and extent, but have enhanced value when viewed in the perspective of an arid
environment. They attract a variety of waterfowl including swans, geese, ducks, grebes,
herons, and several species of waders. Zangi Nawar Lake in Chagai District is a
wetland of international importance. There are four species of threatened mammals in
Balochistan. Two are critically endangered – the Balochistan black bear and the Chiltan
markhor. Two species are endangered – the straight – horned markhor and the urial.
There are many important species of migratory birds. The Chagai Desert hosts a unique
assemblage of reptiles including six endemics and at least six others found only in the
region.

Refugees Affected and Hosting Areas Programme
The overall objective of RAHA programme is to improve livelihood, rehabilitate the

environment, and enhance social cohesion within communities of refugee-affected and
hosting areas. Public services will be improved, and policies will be made more effective
by strengthening the capacities of the government, community institutions and
vulnerable groups. The UN One Programme crosscutting issues pertaining to human
rights, gender equality, civil society engagement and refugees will be addressed.
RAHA is a five-year initiative agreed between the Government of Pakistan

(SAFRON/CCAR/EAD), the UN System, and the International Donors including EC and
implementing partners. Under the framework of One UN in Pakistan, RAHA is a Joint
Programme Component of Disaster Risk Management Joint Programme within the UN
Delivering as One.
The programme component will be implemented in five districts of Balochistan. It will

substantially improve the standard of living of Pakistanis who have been hosting Afghan
Refugees.
Goal
Refugees Affected and Hosting Areas (RAHA) programme aims to improve livelihood,
rehabilitate the environment and enhance social cohesion within communities of
refugees affected and hosting areas.
Objectives
1. Greater social cohesion

2. Improve livelihoods and local economies
3. Restoration of social services and infrastructure
4. Improve social protection among co-existing Pakistani and Afghan
Communities
5. Restoration and improvement of the environment in refugees affected areas.

Programme Implementation Management
RAHA is a Joint Programme Component Two (JPC2) of Disaster Risk

Management (DRM) programme. It has two management arrangements
1. Refugees Affected Areas and

2. Refugees Hosting Areas.
Refugees Hosting Areas component will be implemented by UNHCR and the

Refugees Affected Areas component will be implemented by UNDP.
The Planning and Development Department of Government of Balochistan is

responsible for implementation of Refugees Affected Areas (RAA) component under the
RAHA Programme. The participating UN agencies are responsible for overall project
planning, implementation, reporting and coordination. Provincial Programme Manager
works directly under the supervision of National Programme Director who is Chief
Economist under Planning and Development Department (P&DD) Government of
Balochistan.
A Programme Management Unit (PMU) has been established that serves as a

management and coordination body at the country, provincial and district level. The
major focus of PMU is to implement, facilitate, coordinate and monitor the overall
programme activities. Under the supervision of Provincial Programme Manager (PPM)
adequate expert staff has been hired i.e. Engineer, M&E expert, Communication expert,
Admin and Finance expert to manage the programme.
Project Area
Five districts that were most affected due to stay of Afghans refugees in Pakistan,
were selected for the proposed project area. These include:
S.No District UC
1 Quetta Panjpai
2 Loralai Kach Amakzai
3 Pishin Khanozai

4 Bazar Kona
5 Batezai
6 Saranan
7 Killa Abdullah Roghani1 and Roghani 2
8 Darra Daman Ashayzai & Sirki Talari
9 Chaghi Chaghi
10 Ziarat Balanosh
5 Districts 10 Ucs
The programme is being implemented in 10 union councils of these five districts which
are most affected by the Afghan refugees.

Houbara Protection Organization
HPO (Houbara Protection Organization) is a non-

profitable, non-political, non-ethnical, non-
governmental registered organization. HPO has been
working in Nag Rakshan Valley District Washuk
Balochistan since 2005 on self help basis in the field
of Environment, Community Development. HPO
believes in contribution towards building the civil
society institutions marginalized groups for a better
social political change to empower the masses.
The organization Choose Houbara as a Symbol of endangered species for the reason
this specie is National Bird of Balochistan as Declared by Government of Pakistan and
is endangered due to over hunting by the locals as well as foreigners. HPO‟s main aim
has been to bring a new focus to the daunting task of tackling Balochistan's growing
wildlife crisis. It does this by providing support and information for authorities who are
combating poaching and the escalating illegal wildlife hunting.
With a team of committed environmentalists, HPO is one of the most respected and
effective registered non-profit wildlife conservation organizations in Balochistan. The
Organization‟s Board Members include leading conservationists and Social Activists.
Date of Creation
HPO has been working in Nag Rakshan Valley District Washuk Balochistan since 2005
Registration
HPO was Registered in 27th April 2009 under the voluntary social welfare agencies
(Registration and Control) ordinance 1961 (XL VI of 1961).

Vision Statement
To undertake a holistic approach, leading to the empowerment of marginalized groups,

work for the environmental issues and protection of wild life by taping intervention in all
social sectors.
Mission Statement
Houbara Protection Organization will work in Balochistan province to preserve and protect
Wildlife specifically Houbara Bustard. HPO aims to carry out the task using participatory
approach involving Government agencies, Community and social activists. HPO works for the
socio-economic upheaval of the community as well conservation of Biodiversity.
Aims & Objectives
• Prevent Houbara Bustard & other bird species from extinction in Balochistan
Province.
• Ensure long-term ecological sustainability of all migratory bird populations.
• To Conserve Biodiversity and improve the Quality of People's lives.
• Increase socioeconomic benefits.
• Improve bird watching, breeding of endangered birds and other outdoor bird-
related experiences,
• Increase awareness of the value of migratory birds and their habitats for their
intrinsic, ecological, recreational and economic significance
Values
 Mutual respect, recognizing the innate dignity and worth of all people and value of
diversity.
 Equity and Justice, requiring work to ensure that everyone – irrespective of sex,
age, race, color, class and religion – has equal opportunity for expressing and utilizing
their potential.
 Honesty and Transparency, requiring being accountable for the effectiveness of HPO
actions and opening in HPO judgments and communications with others.
 Solidarity with poor and marginalized people, so that HPO’s only bias will be a
commitment to the interests of the poor and powerless.

Active advocacy at
 Provincial/District Government Level

 Grass Root Level
Issues of Interest
 Protection/Preservation of Endangered Species.

 Socio economic uplift of the marginalized groups.
 Advocacy for the prevention of hunting of endangered species.
 Conservation of Biodiversity.
 Conservation of Flora and Fauna.
Geographical Coverage
Quetta Noshki Chagai Kharan

Kech Gwadar Panjgour Washuk
Qalat Khuzdar Pishin Loralai
Awaran Lesbela Mastung Ziarat

Project Staff
Houbara Protection Organization hired separate staff dedicated for the task assigned by
RAHA-RAA Programme. HPO ensured that the staff appointed for the said project
should be qualified, experienced and specialized in the relevant field.
Project Coordinator
The project was headed by Mr. Behram Jamaldini, who was the project coordinator of
Houbara Protection organization for the said Project. Mr. Behram Jamaldini has a vast
experience of managing different projects while working with different Organizations in
Balochistan. He was overall in-charge of the project, his responsibilities included
coordination with the RAHA-RAA PMU and Regional staff, Conservation Committee
formation, training event management and documentation of the project activities. He
rendered his efforts for the smooth completion of the project in an effective and efficient
manner.
Trainer
HPO hired the services of Advocate Waseem Kamran for conducting the trainings on
the subject of “Habitat Protection through Community Participation”. Mr. Waseem
Kamran is a very experienced trainer and he is in this field since last 8 years, he had
worked with different NGOs and INGOs, beside that he is a legal practitioner in
Balochistan High court.
Social Organizer
The project Coordinator was assisted by a Social Organizer, Mr. Muhammad Ibrahim,
he was responsible for making training arrangements, conducting community meetings,
social mobilization, assisting in the data collection and other activities as per need.
Support Staff
HPO also recruited an office boy and a vehicle for the project activities for the period till
the project is not complete.

Brief Description of the Project
Capacity building of community members to improve and protect natural habitats is one
of the most important components of the RAHA-RAA programme interventions. Under
the programme component several trainings were provided to the communities to
enable them to protect the natural habitats.
Community organizations (COs) in these areas will be the channel for enhancing
sustainable conservation. Based upon the initial needs assessment along with the local
knowledge and appropriate technology the capacity enhancement activities will be
carried out in the target communities.
Capacity building training on conservation will play a vital role in the protection of
endangered species. A series of capacity building events on species conservation will
be conducted in each of the five districts. Therefore, services of an expert and reputable
organization are required to plan and implement the capacity building events.
Expected Outcomes
Trained and sensitized community activists will utilize their acquired knowledge to
contribute in protecting natural habitat.
Main tasks for Houbara Protection Organization
Houbara Protection Organization was responsible for identifying and prioritizing the
capacity buildings in each specific district. . A standard manual of the proposed training
was developed and trainings were imparted through specialized conservation expert.
Houbara Protection Organization ensured the outputs of projects as expected by RAHA-
RAA Programmer.
Houbara Protection Organization staff is well trained, have requisite practical work
experience and have the indisputable repute of being highly professional.

Scope of Work:
The key activities to be undertaken as outlined below;
• Mobilize nominated community members for proposed capacity building

trainings.
• Propose and get approval of the Training work plan from Regional office and
PMU.
• Propose and get approval of the training module from PMU.
• Propose and get approval of the resource persons employed for each training
from PMU.
• Propose and get approval of the format for evaluation of training event.
• To ensure availability of raw material to all the training participants.
• To prepare and share the training report of each training with PMU within 10
working days.
• To develop criteria and carry out an assessment of training participants
before and after the training to gauge improvement.
• To carry out any other task required for the training, and/ or assigned by the
PMU

District Flora & Fauna Data Collection
One of the tasks of the project was to collect information regarding the naturally
occurring flora and fauna of the target districts, Houbara Protection Organization with
the help of forest department collected the following data about the selected districts.
Flora & Fauna of District Quetta
Quetta district lies between 30° - 03° & 30° -27' N

& 66° - 44° & 67°-18° E. The total geographical
area of Quetta district is 2653 Km2.
The general character of the district is

mountainous. The hill ranges are fairly uniform
in character consisting of long central ridges
from which frequent spurs descend. These
spurs are intersected by innumerable gorges
and torrent beds. They vary in elevation from
about 1,254 to 3,500 meters. The Mashlakh, the
Chiltan, the Murdar and Zarghoon are the important mountain ranges in the district.
There is no perennial river in the district.
The climate of the district is generally dry. Fairly arid climate prevails in the Quetta
valley. The district is situated at an altitude of 1,700 meter. Therefore, the weather is
extremely dry. The winter is very cold and the minimum temperature ranges between -
15 to -7 degree Celsius.
Summer is relatively mild and the maximum temperature ranges between 32 to 35

degree Celsius; July is generally the hottest month.
The district lies outside the range of the monsoon currents and the rainfall is scanty and
irregular. The average annual rainfall for Quetta city is 226 mm, whereas in the Hanna
area, the average is about 312 mm. In the spring and summer seasons there is very
little rainfall. The heaviest rainfall and snowfall occurs in January and February.

Enviornment
Deteriorating environment is a major issue in the district. The main environmental

problems include (i) Air Pollution (ii) Water scarcity (iii) Defective drainage and
sewerage system (iv) Deforestation (v) In-efficiencies in the management of solid waste.
Air pollution, especially in Quetta City, is the number one problem. The atmosphere in
the city is so polluted that thick layers of the lethal gases like carbon - dioxide, lead
particles, unburned hydro- carbons always exist in the environment.
Air pollution in and around Quetta city is mainly caused by the rapidly increasing
number of vehicles, especially the smoke emitted from riksha exhausts. The other
factors directly responsible for such a situation are a defective traffic management
system and limited road space.
As far as industrial pollution is concerned, brown pollution is non-existent due to

absence of big industries. However, thick black smoke can easily be seen in and around
the localities of the district. This type of pollution is emitted from power stations and
brick kilns.
With regard to grey pollution, in the areas where gas connections have not been
provided so far, grey pollution exists, because people use wood and animal dung for
fuel purposes.
• Solid waste in the Municipal area is disposed of in the following ways:

• Garbage and rubbish are collected in drains at household level.
• Then it is brought out either by family member or by sweepers to the road
dust bin.
• Dust bins are emptied by the permanent labour of Municipal Corporation and
taken out by trucks and tractors. There are 1000 permanent labourers, 22
trucks and three tractors for this purpose.
• The dust bins are disposed of in the trenching rooms, 16 Km away from
Quetta. They are auctioned by the Corporation every three months.
Water scarcity is another major problem in the district. According to WHO estimates
Quetta will run out of water within eight years if further supplies are not found.

Population growth and deficiencies in the management of water can be held responsible
for shortage of water. Similarly the sewerage and drainage system is inadequate. In the
villages and Kachi Abadies in and around the city, there are no drains. Puddles of waste
water can easily be seen everywhere. Forest reserves of Hanna, Urak and Zarghoon
are declining due to poor supervision of Forest Department.
Flora of Quetta
The major tree species found in the district are Obusht

(Juniperus excelsa polycarpos), Wild Ash (Fraxinus
xanthoxyloides) and Shina (Pistacia khinjjak). The main
shrubs and bushes are Janglee Badaam (Prunus sp.),
Sparae (Cotoneaster spp.), Tharkha (Artemisia maritime),
Crataegus spp., Oman (Ephedra nebrodensis), Makhi
(Caragana ambigua), Khakshir (Sisymbrium sophia), Zralg
(Berberis lyceum), and Surae (Rosa
spp.).
In the plains, the wasteland contains mostly Tharkha

(Artimesia meritima), Haloxylon grifithii, Gaz (Tamarix Sp.)
with sporadic mixture of edible seasonal forage plants; thus
supporting thousands of animals, both local and nomadic
ones.
Fauna of Quetta
Among mammals the common species are Suleman

Markhor (Capra falconeri), Chiltan Markhor (Capra
aegagrus), Hill fox (Vulpes vulpes grifithii), Asiatic
Jackal (Canis aureus), Cape hare (Lepus
capensis), Porcupine (Hystrix indica), Afghan
Hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus megalotis), etc.

Among birds the common species are Chukar (Alectoris chukar), See see partridge
(Ammoperdix griseogularis), a number of sparrows,
Finches, buntings, seasonal/migratory waterfowls,
hawks, bustards and sand grouse etc.
And among reptiles the common species are Afghan

Tortoise (Agrionemys horsfieldii), Saw-scale viper
(Echis carinatus), Levantine viper (Macrovipera
lebetina), etc.

Flora & Fauna of District Loralai
The district borders on Zhob and Killa Saifullah in the north, on Pishin and Ziarat in the
west, on Kohlu and Sibi in the south and on Barkhan and Musakhel districts in the east.
It covers an area of 9,933 square kilometers. Loralai Town is at an elevation of 1,450
meters.The district consists of a mountainous area and valleys running through the
various ranges. The valleys contain alluvial accumulations while the formation of various
hill ranges consists of earth, sand and limestone. Some portions are rocky. The hill
ranges consist of rugged mountains varying in elevation from 924 to 3100 mtrs. The
main range is the Sulaiman range which runs from the Gomal river in the north to the
Indus in the south. It stretches through the district on the east in one continuous chain of
mountain peaks. The other prominent ranges are Kerasar range in the west of the
district, Murdarghar on the north of Sinjawi, Sialu which forms the south-west boundary
of the Thal plain, Dubbai on the north west corner of the same plain, Kru in the centre of
the district and Gadabar which forms the boundary of the Bori valley.
The climate of the area is dry but varies with the elevation. At high elevation it is cold
and dry with occasional snowfall and severe frosts. Whereas in the lower elevation,
especially in the south and east, temperature is more uniform but hot in summer. The
district lies outside the monsoon area, therefore the rainfall is scanty.
The area can be distributed climatically into semi-arid, sub-tropical and continental high-
lands. The winters are very cold and windy and summers are mild. Rainfall occurs twice
a year in its peak. Part of the winter precipitation is in the form of snow. In July - August
along the eastern belt on Sulaiman range, weather is dominantly influenced by the
monsoon season.
The district has a wide range of environmental and resource degradation problems. The
major problems are depletion of aquifiers, devegetation of rangelands, destruction of
wildlife habitats and depletion of wild flora and fauna. The other problems are
deforestation of watersheds, water pollution, unplanned urban growth, and unmanaged
urban solid wastes.

In the absence of industrial units there is no brown pollution. Shortage of fuels has
caused deforestation and much of the bushes and shrubs has also been used for
cooking and heating purposes. All these processes have resulted in green pollution.
The cutting of trees not only increased deforestation but also increased soil erosion and
has created problems in water shed areas.
The lack of facilities for proper solid waste management in urban areas has increased
grey pollution. In rural areas the waste is being used as fertiliser and there is no system
of collecting and disposing the solid waste.
On the conservation side there is neither any action being taken for conservation of
resources nor is there any planning for the future. The population pressure is worsening
the situation.
Flora of Loralai
The flora of Loralai is diversified the area adjoining the

Ziarat district contains major tree species like Obusht
xanthoxyloides) and Shina (Pistacia khinjjak). The
main shrubs and bushes are Janglee Badaam
(Prunus sp.), Sparae (Cotoneaster spp.), Tharkha
(Artemisia maritime), Oman (Ephedra nebrodensis),
Makhi (Caragana ambigua), Khakshir (Sisymbrium
sophia), Zralg (Berberis lyceum), and Surae (Rosa
spp.).
Whereas the area adjoining Musakhail and Kohlu districts contain main tree species like
Olive (Olea ferrugenea), Phulai (Acacia modesta), Dodonea viscosa, etc. Besides these
tree species a number of shrubs and herbs are also present in these forests as
associates; among these are Gymnosporia spinosa, Zizyphus nummularia, and Mazari
(Nannorrhops ritchiana) also known as dwarf palm.

Fauna of Loralai
Among mammals the common species are Hill fox

(Vulpes vulpes grifithii), Asiatic Jackal (Canis aureus),
Cape hare (Lepus capensis), Porcupine (Hystrix indica),
Afghan Hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus megalotis), etc.
Among birds the common species are Chukar (Alectoris

chukar), See see partridge (Ammoperdix griseogularis),
Magpie (Pica pica), Houbara Bustard (Chlamydotis
undulate), a number of sparrows, Finches, buntings,
seasonal/migratory waterfowls,
hawks, and sand grouse etc. The
area also provide corridor to the migratory bird species; the key
species like Common Crane (Grus grus) and Demoiselle Crane
(Anthropoides virgo).
And among reptiles the common species are Afghan Tortoise

(Agrionemys horsfieldii), Indian Cobra (Naja naja naja), Saw-
scale viper (Echis carinatus), Levantine viper (Macrovipera
lebetina), etc.

Flora & Fauna of District Pishin
Pishin was a part of Quetta Pishin district. In 1975 it was separated from Quetta for
administrative reasons. It derives its name from the locality Pishin. Pishin is a
modernised form of „Pushang‟, which is old Persian for the Arabic Fushang. Myth
attributes the origin of the name to a son of the Emperor Afrasiab and Fushing was the
spelling used in the records of the Afghan government.
Pishin district lies between 30° 04° to 31° 17° north latitudes and 66° 13° to 67° 50° east
longitudes. The district is bounded by Qila Abdullah in the north, Qila Saifullah in the
east, Quetta and Ziarat in the south and Afghanistan in the west. Its length from north to
south is about 68 km and its width from east to west ranges from 8 to 38 km. The area
of the Pishin district is 5,850 sq. km. The general character of the district is
mountainous. Its northern half is covered by Toba Plateau. The mountains are fairly
uniform, with long central ridges from which frequent spurs descend. These spurs vary
in elevation from about 1,500 to 3,300 meters.
The principal stream is the Pishin Lora, flowing from Barshore in the north-east into the
Shorarud valley near Burg Aziz Khan. Its principal affluents in Pishin are the Muchka
from the north-west, the Shorarud and the Kakar Lora. The Pishin Lora flows up to Bund
Khushdil Khan and some of the water finds its way towards the north. From there it
flows into Afghanistan.
Another stream is the Surkhab Lora. It flows from Sher Ghundi and near Shadazai it
joins the Pishin Lora. A third stream is the Kakar lora, which is composed of many small
loras and streams coming from the Takato hills. The Kakar Lore irrigates Manzaki and
three villages of Haiderzai.
The soil of district Pishin is particularly suitable for vegetation, which grows in
abundance in the spring season and provides the bulk of food for grazing animals.
Some vegetation like salsolaspp and haloxylon recurvum provide forage for goats and
sheep and fulfil the water and salt requirements for certain animals. Pistachia and
khinjak provide supplemental fodder for sheep and goats. Some of the vegetation is

used for fuel and for roofing houses, while some other vegetation is used as spices and
yet others are used as eastern medicines.
Environment
The district of Pishin is presently facing certain environmental problems, like

deforestation, soil erosion, water pollution, vanishing of wild life species, emerging
slums in urban areas, excessive use of grazing land, traffic congestion etc. The major
factors responsible for this situation are mentioned below.
Rapid population growth and particularly the influx of Afghan refugees in the early
1980‟s. The population growth rate is very high due to religious and cultural set-up. As a
result demand for fuel wood is increasing. It has been observed that ever since their
arrival, Afghan refugees damaged the forest resources in need of fuel wood. They
looped trees within the first year of their migration, cut them down in the second year
and pulled up the roots in the third year. Thus cutting down of forest trees was at a rate
higher than their growth rate.
Another environmental threat is soil erosion, mostly in the areas adjacent to Pishin lora
and Bostan. This is due to lack of flood water management and lack of plantation. Water
pollution has caused widespread waterborne and water shed diseases, like intestinal
diseases. Most of the infant deaths are due to infectious and parasitic diseases.
Due to cutting of trees and illegal hunting, wild life, such as suleman markhor, iIbex,
houbara, bustard, chukor, see-see etc., is vanishing very rapidly.
The urban population is expanding in slum areas due to the high cost of land. This has
resulted in an impoverished environment. Only a minor fraction of waste is disposed of
properly. The remainder is deposited on road sides into waterways or incorporated in
solid waste, thus causing an unhealthy living environment. In urban areas, solid waste is
mostly collected by municipal sweepers and is taken out of the city in open trucks. In the
rural areas this activity is performed by the households themselves. The collected solid
waste and garbage is used as traditional manure.

Due to absence of big industries brown pollution does not exist. It is obvious from
several discussion that the problem of environmental degradation is mostly a result of
excessive or improper use of natural resources, which arises partly from ignorance,
necessity and lack of expertise, and partly from greed or desire to make quick gains.
Flora of Pishin
The major tree species found in the district are Obusht

xanthoxyloides) and Shina (Pistacia khinjjak). The
main shrubs and bushes are Janglee Badaam (Prunus
sp.), Sparae (Cotoneaster spp.), Tharkha (Artemisia
maritime), Crataegus spp., Oman (Ephedra
nebrodensis), Makhi (Caragana ambigua), Khakshir
(Sisymbrium sophia), Zralg (Berberis lyceum), and
Surae (Rosa spp.).
In the plains, the wasteland contains mostly Tharkha

(Artimesia meritima), Haloxylon grifithii, Gaz (Tamarix
Sp.) with sporadic mixture of edible seasonal forage
plants; thus supporting thousands of animals, both
local and nomadic ones.
Fauna of Pishin
Among mammals the common species are

Suleman Markhor (Capra falconeri), Hill fox
(Vulpes vulpes grifithii), Asiatic Jackal (Canis
aureus), Cape hare (Lepus capensis), Porcupine

(Hystrix indica), Afghan Hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus megalotis), etc.
Among birds the common species are Chukar

(Alectoris chukar), See see partridge (Ammoperdix
griseogularis), Magpie (Pica pica), a number of
sparrows, Finches, buntings, seasonal/migratory
waterfowls, hawks, bustards and sand grouse etc.
And among reptiles the common species are Afghan

Tortoise (Agrionemys horsfieldii), Saw-scale viper
(Echis carinatus), Levantine viper (Macrovipera lebetina), etc.

Flora & Fauna of District Chagai
Chaghi/Chagai is the largest district of

Pakistan and is located on the north west
corner of Balochistan, Pakistan. It forms a
triangular border with Afghanistan and Iran.
Pakistan conducted a nuclear weapons test in
1998 at Ras Koh Hills Chagai District.
The district lies between 27°-55' to 29°-50'

north latitudes and 60°-45' to 66°-22' east
longitudes. It is located in the extreme west of
Pakistan and comprises the belt which lies
south of the Pakistan-Afghanistan boundary, from the Sarlath Hills on the east to Koh-i-
Malik Siah on the west, with a length of about 576 kilometres and an average breadth of
80 kilometers. The district is bound on the north by the desert region of Afghanistan
(which lies south of the Helmand River), on the east by the Sarlath hilly range and Kalat
District, on the south by Kharan District and on the west by Iran. The northern boundary
of the district, which separates it from Afghanistan, was demarcated in 1896 by a joint
Afghan-British Commission. The western border with Iran was demarcated by a joint
Pakistan-Iran Commission in 1959. The total area of the district is 50,545 km².
The physical features of the district vary and may be distinctly classed under three
heads, i.e., the highlands, the plains and the deserts. The high-lands comprise the
Chagai and Koh-i-Sultan ranges in the north, the Sarlath range in the eastern portion of
the district and the Mir-Jawa, Kachau and Ras-Koh hills (the highest mountain in the
district) on the south-west border.
The plain lies between Nushki and Chagai and consists mainly of alluvial soil
interspersed with tracts of sand and intersected by a low range of stony hills known as
the Bilau range. This range runs from east to west, from Nushki to Dalbandin. Small
detached hills of black limestone, which rise abruptly from the plain are also found in
many parts of this area.

The desert area lies beyond Chagai which is a waste land and consists of sandy desert
and stony plains, bordered by ranges of barren limestone and shale mountains and hills
of volcanic origin. Between Chah Sandan and Thratu and between Kundi and Mashki
Chah, there are curious crescent shaped, moving sand-hills. The number of these hills
is in hundreds. The soil of the district is moderately coarse textured, excessively
drained, highly calcareous and low in fertility.
The climate of the district ranges from extreme hot in summer to severe cold in winter.
The difference between day and night temperature is considerable and the climatic
conditions vary from area to area. Since the district falls outside the sphere of monsoon
currents, the rainfall is irregular and scanty. The annual average rainfall in the district is
104 mm measured over the years 1993 - 1995. In the same period the average
minimum temperature was 2.4 0C in January and maximum temperature 42.5 0C in
July.
Environment
Environmental pollution specially the brown pollution is almost negligible, as there is no

industrial set up or heavy traffic in the district. An environmental impact assessment
(EIA), that has been carried out for the Saindak Project has led to an NOC issued by the
Federal Environmental Protection Agency. The Environmental Impact is not hazardous
as there is no population living in that area. Sulfuric acid production is not mentioned
any more in the most recent plan which probably implies that the sulphur will be vented
through the chimney into the atmosphere in the form of sulphur oxides. The emission is
20,000 tonnes per year. In the desert conditions prevailing in the Saindak region the
sulphur oxides will mostly precipitate as dust downwind of the smelter.
The desertification process proceeds not only in this district but in the whole of
Balochistan. Desertification is caused by over-exploitation of one or several natural
resources (Pastures, Soil, Groundwater, Wood). Reducing this over exploitation implies
either (planned or spontaneous) emigration or replacement of the renewable natural
resource by a human resource-based economy (industry, tourism). The over cutting of
trees to be used as fuel, over-grazing of pastures and sinking of more tubewells for

irrigation purposes is causing desertification in the district. The water recharge is less
compared to discharge of underground water causing the water table to go down every
year.
Soil erosion by winds is causing great damage to cultivable lands in the district. In
Dalbandin particularly, the erosion is increasing as sand-storms ravage that area very
frequently.
Because the agriculture development is taking place at the cost of over exploitation of
resources, this development is not sustainable in the long run.
Potable water is not available to half of the population. The water of ponds is used both
by humans and animals. Water borne diseases are common and more preventive
measures need to be taken.
Despite its relatively low population density, Chagai has begun to suffer from a wide
range of environmental and resource degradation problems. The main areas of concern
are:
• deforestation of watersheds;
• depletion of aquifers;
• de-vegetation of rangelands, sand dune movement and desertification;
• salinisation and water-logging of irrigated areas;
• destruction of wildlife habitats and depletion of wild flora and fauna;
• destructive mining practices;
• water pollution;
• un-planned urban growth;
• un-managed urban solid wastes.

Flora of Chagai
The main vegetation types in the area

generally represent xerophytic plant
community. The tree species includes
Tamarix articulata (Ghaz), Prunus eburnea
(Mazmung), Haloxylon persicum (Taghaz).
The dominant shrubs in the region includes
Stockshia brahica (Kotor), Zygophylum
atripliciodes, Tamarix gallica (Kiri),
Astraglus hycanus, Calligonum comosom and Nanorops ritichiana (Mazri or dwarf
palm).
The shrub species generally inhibits this region at the base

hills and extends over the plains. A valuable medicinal
plant Ferula foetida (Hing) is found in foothills and
collected by local people. The saline area also consist
some plants like Salsola kali, Salsola foetida, Haloxylon
salicornicum and H. Grifthii.
Fauna of Chagai
Among mammals the common species are

Desert fox (Vulpes cana), Asiatic Jackal (Canis
aureus), Cape hare (Lepus capensis), Porcupine
(Hystrix indica), Afghan Hedgehog (Hemiechinus
auritus megalotis), etc. The area is also the
habitat of the threatened desert deer, Goitered
Gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa).
Among birds the common species are Houbara

Bustard (Chlamydotis undulate), See see partridge

(Ammoperdix griseogularis), a number of
sparrows, Finches, buntings, seasonal/migratory
waterfowls, hawks, and sand grouse etc.
And among reptiles the common species are

Afghan Tortoise (Agrionemys horsfieldii), Indian
Cobra (Naja naja naja), Leaf nose viper
(Eristicophis macmahonii), and lizards like
(Agamura femoralis, Stenodactylus maynardi, etc.

Conservation Committee Formation

Conservation Committees formation was actually an identification and grouping of the
activists willing to volunteer for the tasks pertaining to Habitat protection and wild life
protection.
Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan formed 12 conservation committees in

RAHA-RAA programme focused areas from within the Community Organization formed
by RAHA-RAA regional staff.
Each Conservation Committee is comprised of 25 members, and therefore a crop of

300 volunteers was tried to prepare who could work for habitat protection. The same
conservation committee members were planned to train of basic habitat protection
training.
Conservation Committee Formation Procedure

The Conservation Committee formation involved multi tiered operation, on first tier
coordination with the regional staff of RAHA-RAA was made and then with the help and
support of RAHA-RAA regional staff the COs were identified and contacted and
meetings with the COs were held in which potential members for the conservation
committees were identified.
After the Identification of the potential members, the HPO team held a meeting of all
members willing to join the conservation committee voluntarily, the members were given
a form to be filled and signed and a copy of the CNIC of each member was collected for
the record maintenance of the Conservation committee with Houbara Protection
Organization.
Conservation Committee Structure

Each Conservation Committees is comprised of 25 members from different Community
organization members formed by RAHA-RAA Programme in its focused union councils.
Each Conservation Committee is head by a General Secretary who is assisted by the
General Secretary, while rest of the activists are ordinary members of the Conservation
Committee. The Structure of the Conservation Committees is given as follows:

President
General
Secretary
Executive Executive Executive Executive Executive

Members Members Members Members Members

Conservation Committees of Quetta
Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan formed two conservation Committees in

Union Council Panjpai of District Quetta. The team of HPO conducted repeatitaive and
constant meetings with the CO members and representatives in Panjpai Union Council
for the formation of the Conservation Committes.
With the consultation of the CO representatives and Mr. Iqbal Satakzai, the Social
Organizer of RAHA-RAA programme following two Conservation Committees Were
formed in the Panjpai Union Council of District Quetta:
Conservation Committee Name: Panjpai Town

Total Number of members: 25
President: Habib Ullah
General Secretary: Shafee Muhammad
The Complete list of the Conservation Committee Members is as follows:
Panjpai Town
S.# Name Address Community Phone No

Organization Name
1 Habib Ullah Killi Muhammad Khan M.Khan 2
2 Shafee Muhammad Killi Muhammad Khan M.Khan 1 0336-7119720
3 Abdul Rauf Killi Muhammad Khan M.Khan 1
4 Aman Ullah Killi Muhammad Khan M.Khan 2
5 Kaleem Ullah Killi Muhammad Khan M.Khan 1 0336-8076998
6 Muhammad Iqbal Killi Yar Muhammad 0332-7911762
7 Master Noor Hasan Killi Muhammad 0331-8504343
Hasni
8 Saleem Ullah Killi Yar Muhammad
9 Mosam Shah Panjpai Youth Panjpai
10 Gul Muhammad Panjpai Smal Abad
11 Ali Ahmed Panjpai Smal Abad
12 Sayad Muhammad Panjpai 1 Panjpai 1 0331-6297675
13 M.Dawood Panjpai 1 Co. Panjpai 0333-7719138
14 Muhammad Aman Youth Panjpai Youth Panjpai 0333-7835509

15 Muhammad Rafiq Killi Muhammad Muhammad Khan 0333-7846160

Khan1
16 Ahmad shah Panjpai Youth Panjpai
17 Saeed Ahmad Panjpai Youth Panjpai
18 Habib Ullah Panjpai Youth Panjpai
19 Aurang zaib Panjpai Smal Abad
20 Ghulam Husain Panjpai Smal Abad
21 Abdul Aleem Panjpai Smal Abad
22 Muhammad Akram Killi Muhammad Muhammad Khan 1
Khan1
23 Ghulam Sarwar Killi Muhammad Muhammad Khan 1
Khan1
24 Mir Ahmad Killi Muhammad Muhammad Khan 2
Khan1
25 Mukhtyar Ahmad Killi Muhammad Muhammad Khan 2
Khan1
Conservation Committee Name: Conservation Committee Kili Rahamdil

President: Sardar M. Hanif
General Secretary: Sardar Bismila Gul
Kili Rahamdil Conservation Committee Members And Contact Numbers
S.# Name Address Community Phone No

Organization Name
1 Sardar M. Hanif Killi Sayed Abad Sayed Abad 0313-8428607
2 Sardar Bismila Gul Killi Sardar Allah Gul Killi Sing Bad 0313-8503126
3 Saif Ullah Sardar Nabi Bux BRAD Sardar Nabi Bux 0314-4325846
4 Muhammad Iqbal Sardar Nabi Bux BRAD Sardar Nabi Bux 0313-8326550
5 Sher Ali Killi Shadani Shadani 1 0312-8095297
6 Takkari Lal Bux Killi Shadani Shadani1 03138727620
7 Sajjad Ahmad Killi Shadani Shadani2 0331-8017821

8 Noor Bakhsh Killi Shadani Shadani2 0313-8365582
9 Zain-ud-Din Killi Hatath Abad Hayathabad 0313-8515308
10 Ahmad Gul Killi Azad Azad 0313-8405028
11 Aatim Khan Killi Sardar Hedel Khan Hedel Khan 0312-8028405
12 Muhammad Qasim Killi Sayad Abad Seyed Abad
13 Aman Ullah Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil 0313-

84455694
14 Noor Khan Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil 0313-8317502
15 Shehzad Ahmad Killi Sardar Kach Sadal Kach 0313-8427363
16 Muhammad Alam Killi Sardar Kach Sadal Kach
17 Atta Ullah Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil 0314-8463027
18 Abdul Qadir Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil
19 Saif Ullah Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil 03144325846
20 Ghulam Jailani Sardar Nabi Bux BRDO Sardar Nabi Bux 0312-2947985
21 Alaudin Sing Band Sing Band 0313-8478744
22 Sana Ullah Killi Sardar Hedel Khan Hedel Khan
23 Abdul Wahab Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil
24 Muhammad Bakhsh Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil
25 Peer Jan Killi Ram Dil Ram Dil

Conservation Committees of Pishin

Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan formed three conservation Committees in
District Pishin comprising of the Community Organization Members of four union
Councils of Pishin. The team of HPO conducted repetitive and constant meetings with
the CO members and representatives in all the four Union Council of Pishin for the
formation of the Conservation Committees.
With the consultation of the CO Representatives and Mr. Shah Muhammad, the Social
Organizer of RAHA-RAA programme following three Conservation Committees were
formed in District Pishin:
Conservation Committee Name: U/C Bazaar Kona & Batazai Pishin

President: Muhammad Anwar
General Secretary: Atta Muhammad
U/C Bazaar Kona & Batazai Pishin
S.NO Name Address Community Organization Phone No

Name
1. Muhammad Anwar Killi Balwary Hewad welfare 0333-3876582
2. Atta Muhammad Killi Balwary Hewad welfare 0300-8386400
3. Anwar Shah Killi Balwary Hewad welfare 0307-3829105
4. Dost Muhammad Killi Balwary Hewad welfare
5. Amir Ullah Killi Pettaw Bianzai Pettaw Bianzai 0333-3904988
6. Zin Ullah Killi Pettaw Bianzai Pettaw Bianzai
7. Rafi Ullah Killi Pettaw Bianzai Pettaw Bianzai
8. Zia Ullah Killi Pettaw Bianzai Pettaw Bianzai
9. Asharaf Ali Batazai Ktkoruz 0308-8251650
10. Sultan shah Batazai Ktkoruz
11. Atta Ullah Killi Batazai Atefar 0303-2358958

12. M. Akram Batazai Atefar 0302-4354437
13. Musuer Khan Killi Torasha Ihafaq
14. Mastaf Killi Torasha Ihafaq
15. Nahfah Killi Torasha Ihafaq
16. Kalim Ullah Killi Tharte Pishin Chand Community 0333-6149205

Organization
17. Ameer Muhammad Killi Tharte Pishin Chand Community 0301-3782691
Organization
18. ZAfar Ullah Killi Tharte Pishin Chand Community 0334-2441790
Organization
19. Wakeel Ahmed Killi Tharte Pishin Chand Community 0302-3354035
Organization
20. A.Baseer Killi Tharte Bazaar Milat Community
Kona
21. Mehboob Khan Balvari Hawar –Raha 0300-3837743
22. Anman Shah Hewad Community Hewad Community 0307-3829105
23. Safaat Ullah Killi Balvari Hewad Community 0301-3919334
24. Ajab Gul Hewad Community Hewad community 0300-8926231
25. M. Hanif RAHA Killi Balvari Hewad Community 0300-8926231

Conservation Committee Name: Khanozai Pishin

President: Muhammad Yar
General Secretary: Baz Muhammad
Khanozai Pishin
S.NO Name Address Community Phone No

Organization Name
1. Muhammad Yar Khanozai Shaheen Community 0306-3994893
2. Baz Muhammad Khanozai Brishina C.O 0300-3392965
3. Muhammad Naseem Khanozai Khedmat Gaar 0308-3739479

Community
4. Mujeeb –Ur-Rehman Khanozai Youth Welfare 0300-3821707
Community
5. M. Naseem Khanozai Kakar. CO 0307-3895695
6. Islam-Ud-Din Khan Abad Brishna 0302-3876950
7. Mashood Ahmed Saheenzai Shaheen 0300-3821335
8. Aurangzeb Killi Dadagzai Khanozai Karwan C.O 0307-3884472
9. Shakeel Ahmed Killi Salehzai Khanozai OASIS C.D.O 0333-7807365
10. Irfan Alam Khanozai Muslim 0302-3936060
11. Habib Ullah Khanozai Shahen C.O 0302-2470082
12. Muhammad Aslam Khanozai Hamdard Community 0300-3903185
13. Nasir Ahmed Khanozai Hewad 0307-3807604
14. Muhmmad Arif Khanozai Hewad Community 0302-3879956
15. Salah Ud Din Khanozai Taj Community 0307-3847426
16. Muhammad Israel Khanozai Taj Community 0301-3715534
17. Shams-ud-Din Mangal Abad Youth C.O 0300-3805426
18. Ubaid Ullah Khanozai Khanabad 0300-3841907

Community
19. Rahman Ullah Killi Khan Abad Khanabad 0307-3814245
Community

20. Maqsood Ahmed Killi Rahim Abad Hamdard Community 0303-3611078
21. Mehmood Khan Khanozai Khushal.CO 0313-8823231
22. M. Haneef Khanozai Muslim Community 0333-3633297
23. Khalil Ahmed Sakezai Khanozai D.C.O 0333-6081899
24. Farhat Ullah Khan Khanozai D.C.O 0313-8333658
25. Ashfaq Ahmed Killi Salehzai Khanozai OASIS C.D.O 0333-7874005

Conservation Committee Name: Saranan

President: Abdul Hameed
General Secretary: Muahmmad Akram
Union Council Saranan
Community Organization
S.NO Name Address Phone No
Name
Abdul Hameed Killi Haikalzai Shaista Community 0302-3873698
1.
Muhammad Akram Killi Haikalzai Bazaar Community 0346-8891177
2.
3. Abdul Sattar Killi Haikalzai Yasir C.C.O Pishin 0346-4124975
4. Basir Alad Killi Haikalzai Hewad Community 0333-7798038
Anaayat Ullah Killi Haikalzai Shaista Community 0302-2379567

5.
6. Kleem Ullah Killi Haikalzai Chand Community 0333-6149205
7. Aman Ullah khan Killi Haikalzai Pak Community Haikalzai 0308-2380171
Ahsan Ullah Killi Haikalzai Afghan Community 0346-8893010

8.
9. Asmat Ullah Killi Haikalzai Bhewin Welfare 0333-7866068
10. Kamal Shah Killi Haikalzai Afghan Community 0345-8917826
Hameed Ullah Afghan Community Itefaq Community 0346-8365403

11.
Hameed Ullah Killi Ziarat Batazai Khidmat Welfare 0300-3863764
12.
Shaheen Community
Kamran Khan Killi Nabi Baztazai Brishna Community 0301-3315087
13.
RAfi Ullah Ziarat Batazai Saher Community 0346-8891192
14.
Hamad Ullah Ziarat Batazai Killa Community 0313-8416918
15.
Khair Muhammad Killi Haikalzai Khan Community 0300-3933036
16.
Abdul Jabbar Abdulllah Saranan Positive Mind Organization 0321-2125005
17.
Khalil saran Abdulllah Saranan Khpalwak Organization 0300-2944471
18.

M. Manawar Killi Haikalzai Peace & Youth Welfare 0333-7951079

19.
Society
A. Malik Killi Ziarat Batazai Ihafaq Batzazai
20.
Shabir Ahmad Killi Haikal zai Pukcom 0308-3895385
21.
Inayat Ullah Killi Haikal zai Shaista.CO 0302-2379567
22.
Sharif uddin Killi Haikal zai Afghan. CO 0307-5007092
23.
Raz Muhammad Killi Haikal zai Shaista .CO 0346-8892150
24.
Muhammad Akram Killi Haikal zai Bazgar 0346-8891177
25.

Conservation Committees of Loralai

Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan formed three conservation Committees in
Union Council Kach Amakzai District Loralai comprising of the Community Organization
Members formed by RAHA-RAA regional office in Loralai. The team of HPO conducted
repetitive meetings with the CO members and representatives for the formation of the
Conservation Committees.
With the consultation of the CO Representatives and the Social Organizer of RAHA-
RAA programme following three Conservation Committees were formed in District
Loralai:
Conservation Committee Name: Kach Amakzai 1

President: Muhammad Anwar
General Secretary: Dawood Khan
Kach Amakzai 1

Organization Name
1. Muhammad Anwar Kach Amakzai New Shah Karez 0346-3381779
2. Dawood Khan Kach Amakzai New Shah Karez 0334-2323228
3. Sana Ullah Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail 0334-2325399
4. Molvi Abdul Qadir Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail 0333-7724737
5. Nadir Khan Kach Amakzai New Shah Karez 0334-2592574
6. Muhammad Qabool Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail 0301-7376036
7. Muhammad Ashraf Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail 0331-8691180
8. Muhammad Khan Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail 0303-3814673
9. Baloch Khan Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail 0334-2325399
10. Abdul Malik Kach Amakzai Dargai Zakhpail 0336-6001418
11. Ali Khan Kach Amakzai Kanobi Nasaran 0331-8355626

12. Mirza Khan Kach Amakzai Kanobi Markaz 0343-2452152

Molakhail
13. Sher Jan Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail
14. Sultan Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail
15. Naseeb Khan Kach Amakzai Kanobi Zakhpail
16. Mola Dad Kach Amakzai Kanobi Markaz 0343-2452152

Molakhail
17. Rahim Dad Kach Amakzai Kanobi Markaz 0302-3401849
Molakhail
18. Akhtar Muhammad Kach Amakzai Darzanda 2 0344-8282014
19. Abdul Salam Kach Amakzai Darzanda 2 0308-8175862
20. Abdul Qadir Kach Amakzai Darzanda 2 0305-8210451
21. Hazrat Gul Kach Amakzai Kanobi Markaz 0343-2452152

Molakhail
22. Malik Mateen Kach Amakzai Zher Karez 0334-2325795
23. Abdul Ghfoor Kach Amakzai Zher Karez 0301-7905335
24. Bakhtira Khan Kach Amakzai Zher Karez 0334-2326935
25. Duyan Khan Kach Amakzai Zher Karez


President: Muhammad Salam
General Secretary: Abdul Raziq
Kach Amakzai 2

Organization Name
1. Muhammad Salam Killi Lashti Lashti2 0322-8386332
2. Abdul Raziq Killi Lashti Lashti2 0332-8092594
3. Muhammad Shafiq Killi Lashti Lashti2 0344-8233289
4. Muhammad Zarif Nari Ahgrab Nari Ahgrab 0302-3885843
5. Jan Muhammad Nari Ahgrab Nari Ahgrab 0334-2324758
6. Khan Nari Ahgrab Nari Ahgrab 0322-8192242
7. Muhammad Akram Kach Amakzai Kach Amakzai 0824-664493
8. Atta Muhammad Nari Ahgrab Nari Ahgrab 0313-8296400
9. Abdul Manan Shah karez 1 Kach Ahmedzai 0307-3714725
10. Ghulam Muhammad Shah karez3 Kach Ahmedzai 0333-5896798
11. Abdul Salam Shah karez2 Kach Ahmedzai 0334-2328470
12. Jumma khan Munira 2 Kach Ahmedzai 0334-2327204
13. Wali Muhammad Killi Shah karez Shah karez2 0334-2410722
14. Abdul Rehman Lashti Kach Ahmedzai 0331-8001793
15. Muhammad Aslam Klli Lashti Lashti1 0302-3859697
16. Muhammad Sadiq Killi Lashti Lashti1 0306-3861463
17. Faiz Muhammad Killi Lashti Lashti1 0334-8283889
18. Din Muhammad Lashti Lashti2 0306-3814937

19. Zahir Muhammad Shah karez Shah Karez 2 0334-2495053
20. Niamat Ullah Lashti Lashti1
21. Paind Khan Lashti Lashti
22. Gulab Khan Lashti Lashti
23. Irfan New Kalich Killi Abdul khliq Killi Abdul khliq 0302-3896843
24. Sahad Ullah New Kalch Killi Abdul khliq 0313-4858545
25. Abdul Hadi Shah karez New Shah karez 0301-6386082


President: Shareef-ud- Din
General Secretary: Muhib Ullah
Kach Amakzai 3

Organization Name
1. Shareef-ud- Din Dargai Zakhpail Dargai Zakhpail 0334-2325275
2. Muhib Ullah Spintangi Spintangi
3. Aman Ullah Killi Chingen Killi Chingen1 0332-7986101
4. Safi Ullah Killi Arbasean U/C Kanobi 0306-8381984
5. Muhammad Yaqoob Killi Spintangi Spintangi 0331-8001332
6. Muhammad Saleem Dargai Zakhpail Dargai Zakhpail
7. Abdul Ghafoor Kach Amakzai Kach Amakzai
8. Dost Muhammad Lashti Killi Lashti Zarleen 0321-8057235
9. Malik Mosa Jan Killi Kach Amakzai Kach Amakzai 0346-8123225
10. Abdul Majeed Killi Nigang 2 Killi Nigang 2 0346-8120957
11. Noor Khan Naser Abad Kanobi 0302-3887180
12. Abdul Jabar Killi Zindawar Killi Zindawar 0321-8148122
13. Abdul Rashid Killi Lashti Zarleen Lashti Zarleen 0334-2314708
14. Abdul Sabir Killli Knor Abad Killli Knor Abad1 0308-3894326
15. Abdul Wahid Kach Amakzai Kach Amakzai 0333-5447148
16. Haji Niamat Ullah Killli Knor Abad Zindawar 0331-6371751
17. Mira Jan Killi Dargi Zakhpial Dargi Zakhpial 0334-2483755

18. Abdul Ghafoor Killi Spintangi Spintangi 0313-3832685
19. Ehsan Ullah Killli Knor Abad Zindawar 0306-3824114
20. Muhammad Khan Killi Zindawar Zindawar 0334-2443133
21. Abdul Rahim Killi Lashti Lashti Zarleen 0333-7751258
22. Abdul Ghani Wazir Khan Niganga 2 0344-8045254
23. Kala Khan Niganga 2
24. Zafar Ullah Lashti Zarleen 0332-8090282
25. Jamal Khan Niganga 2 03448045254

Conservation Committees of Chagai
Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan formed four conservation Committees in

District Chagai comprising of the Community Organization Members of two union
Councils of Chagai. The team of HPO held repetitive meetings with the CO members
and representatives in Ziarat Balanosh and Chagai Union Councils of Chagai District for
the formation of the Conservation Committees.
With the consultation of the CO Representatives and Mr. Gul Gohar, the Social
Organizer of RAHA-RAA programme following three Conservation Committees were
formed in District Pishin:
Conservation Committee Name: Killi Dasht-e- Goran Chaghi

President: Haji Hammal Khan
General Secretary: Obaid Ullah
Killi Dasht-e- Goran Chaghi
S.NO Name Address Community Organization Phone No

Name
1. Haji Hammal Khan Dasht-e- Goran (C) Dasht-e- Goran 0345-8783075
2. Obaid Ullah Dasht-e- Goran Haji Ali Khan 0332-7864407
3. Allah Nazar Dasht-e- Goran ( C) Dasht-e- Goran
4. Hameed Ullah Dasht-e- Goran ( D) Dasht-e- Goran
5. Muhammad Zahid Dasht-e- Goran ( C ) Dasht-e- Goran
6. Muhammad Arif Dasht-e- Goran ( C) Dasht-e- Goran
7. Ellahi Bukhsh Dasht-e- Goran ( C) Dasht-e- Goran
8. Khaliq Dad Dasht-e- Goran Hali Ali Khan
9. Habeeb Ullah Dasht-e- Goran Haji Ali Khan

10. Noor Ahmed Dasht-e- Goran (A) Dasht-e- Goran
11. Qadir Bukhsh Dasht-e- Goran ( C) Dasht-e- Goran
12. Sher Muhammad Dasht-e- Goran (D) Dasht-e- Goran
13. Kamal Khan Dasht-e- Goran (D) Dasht-e- Goran
14. Muhammad Ishaq Dasht-e- Goran (D) Dasht-e- Goran
15. Asmat Ullah Dasht-e- Goran Haji Ali Khan
16. Najmud Din Dasht-e- Goran (B) Dasht-e- Goran 0333-791076
17. Ameen Ullah Dasht-e- Goran (B) Dasht-e- Goran
18. Anwar Ali Khan Dasht-e- Goran (D) Dasht-e- Goran
19. Ibrahim Dasht-e- Goran ( C) Dasht-e- Goran
20. Shakeel Ahmed Dasht-e- Goran ( A) Dasht-e- Goran
21. Shabir Ahmed Dasht-e- Goran ( A) Dasht-e- Goran
22. Muhammad Alam Dasht-e- Goran (D) Dasht-e- Goran
23. Muhammad Haneef Dasht-e- Goran ( C) Dasht-e- Goran
24. Sahib Shah Dasht-e- Goran ( D) Dasht-e- Goran
25. Tariq Khalil Dasht-e- Goran CCB 0332-7853027
26. Shah Alam Dasht-e- Goran (D) Dasht-e- Goran 0333-3934086
27. Hasil Khan Dasht-e- Goran ( C) Dasht-e- Goran
28. Shafi Muhammad Dasht-e- Goran (D) Dasht-e- Goran

Conservation Committee Name: Killi Sakhi Peer Muhammad

President: Abdul Hayee Shad
General Secretary: Salim Khan
Killi Sakhi Peer Muhammad

Organization
Name
1. Abdul Hayee Shad Killi Sakhi Peer Muhammad 0333-7838601
2. Salim Khan Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed 0333-7826305
3. Imran Barech Killi sakhi Perr Muhammad 0333-7829114
4. Noor Ahmed Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed 0333-7843240
5. Ali Ahmed Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed 0345-8805760
6. Safar Khan Killi Sakhi Peer Muhammad 0333-7872803
7. Ali Asghar Killi Sakhi Peer Muhammad 0345-8373759
8. Ghulam Farooq Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed 0336-8538356
9. Dilbar Shah Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed 0331-7170110
10. Rahmat Ullah Killi Sakhi peer Muhammad 0332-7991033
11. Abdul Karim Killi Bajjarwal 0331-7656843
12. Abdul Basit Killi Padagil Khan 0344-8022933
13. Abdul Haq Killi Haji Ali Ahmed 0334-8022933
14. Azmat Ullah Killi Haji Ali Ahmed C.O 4 0332-7222404
15. Paind Khan Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed
16. Sultan Khan Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed
17. Shakil Ahmed Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed
18. Atha Ullah Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed

19. Qadir Bakhsh Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed
20. Agha Muhammad Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed 0333-8323170
21. Sher Muhammad Killi Padagil Khan
22. Mulla Nazar Killi Padagil Khan

Muhammad
23. Mir Ilyas khan Killi Padagil Khan
24. Hazoor Bakhsh Killi Padagil Khan
25. Shakoor ahmad Killi Sardar Ali Ahmed
Conservation Committee Name: Killi Namat Ullah

President: Elahin Bakhsh
General Secretary: Wazir Ahmed
Killi Namat Ullah

Organization
Name
1. Elahin Bakhsh Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
2. Wazir Ahmed Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
3. Mir Madad Khan Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
4. Haji Pasand Khan Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
5. Rahimud Din Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
6. Asghar Ali Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
7. Raham Dil Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
8. Najamud Din Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
9. Murad Khan Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah

10. Muhammad Sadiq Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
11. Gul Ahmed Jan Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
12. Rasheed Ahmed Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
13. Noor Ahmed Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
14. Jawed Shah Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
15. Tor Khan Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
16. Muhammad Hayat Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
17. Muhammad Ishaq Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
18. Zainul Abidin Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
19. Nawab Shah Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
20. Yaseen Shah Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
21. Dawlat Shah Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
22. Babul Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
23. Aziz Ullah Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
24. Nizam ud Din Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah
25. Arz Muhammad Killi Namat Ullah Namat Ullah

Conservation Committee Name: Killi Haji Kochal Khan

President: Muhammad Asif Baloch
General Secretary: Hameed Khan
Killi Haji Kochal Khan

Organization Name
1. Muhammad Asif Killi Haji Kochal Khan Haji Cochal Khan 0331-8026140
Baloch
2. Hameed Khan Killi Muhammad Raza Killi Muhammad
Raza 1
3. Laajbar Khan Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
4
4. Rahman Khan Killi Muhammad Raza Killi Muhammad
Raza 1
5. Baqi Killi Haji Homath Killi Homath
6. Husain Ahmed Killi Umaith Killi Umaith
7. Ali Murad Killi Haji Muhammad Raza Killi Muhammad

Raza
8. Waseem Khan Killi Mir Khan Jan Killi Mir Khan Jan 0332-7820227
9. Gul Ahmad Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
10. Sadiq Ali Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
11. M. Younis Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
2
12. Shaikh Zahid Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
2
13. M. Aslam Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
4
14. Mir Shakeel Ahmed Killi Mir Khan Jan Killi Mir Khan Jan
15. Attaullah Killi Kocail Khan Killi Kocail Khan
16. Qadir Bakhsh Killi Kochal Khan Killi Kochal Khan
17. Mir Muhammad Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
Murad Hassani
18. M. Kareem Killi Haji Muhammad Raza Killi Haji
Muhammad Raza

19. Nasheer Ahmed Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
20. Muhammad Killi Malik Dil Murad Killi Malik Dil Murad
Dawood
21. Waheed Ahmed Killi Kochal Khan Killi Malik Dil Murad
22. Muhammad Sadiq Killi Kochal Khan Killi Malik Dil Murad
23. Ashraf Noor Killi Kochal Khan Killi Kochal Khan
24. Sadam Khan Killi Kochal Khan Killi Kochal Khan
25. M. Usaman Killi Kochal Khan Killi Kochal Khan

Training Manual Development
Training Manual development was an important and difficult task in this project. It was
because of the fact that there are not much experts on the field of training module
developers in the field of Habitat protection and development of a module for a very
basic training is little cumbersome as the topic itself is quite advanced for the people
who are either illiterate or have no idea about habitat protection previously.
Houbara Protection organization took the services of Mr. Ali Imran as a consultant for
the development of a training module for Habitat protection for the conservation
committee members of HPO.
Mr. Ali Imran is the Chief Forest Conservation Officer in Government of Balochistan and
is one of the most experienced officer in this field.
The training module was developed in urdu language and all natural habitat, mammals,
reptiles and birds discussed in this manual are those which naturally occur the areas
where these trainings were supposed to be conducted. The training manual was
comprised of following chapters:
1. Introduction & Significance of Natural Habitat

2. Introduction, Significance & Identification of Natural Habitat
3. Introduction, Significance and identification of different mammals
4. Introduction, Significance & identification of different types of reptiles
5. Introduction, Significance & identification of different types of Birds
6. Different methods of habitat protection including the few basic laws regarding
habitat protection

Training Sessions
Houbara Protection Organization, organized 12 training sessions for the conservation
committees formed in the target areas of RAHA-RAA programmes. The details of the
training sessions are given below.
Name of Training:
One day Course on Awareness Raising for Habitat Protection/Wildlife Conservation, for
selected community members, in Refugees Affected & Hosting Areas.
Training Objective:
1. Awareness raising and sensitizing target audience for wildlife conservation.
2. Preparation of training module specific to the project area situation.
3. Experience exchange in wildlife situation.
Relevance of Training:
The training is capacity building initiatives and relevant with the requirement of the project.
Outcomes of Training:
The training is capacity building initiatives and will result in the following outcomes:
Community members awarded for wildlife conservation.

Development of a core group of community members, which subsequently could
be utilized in survey & census of wildlife.
Development of training module, which could be utilized for replicating the
training in future.
Semi-structured interviews from selected training participants would help in
experience exchange.
Target audience:
The training sessions was intended for the conservation Committees formed from the
members of Community organization. The training sessions were designed for the initial
level introduction about habitat protection and the significance of habitat and wildlife.
The training also included the session regarding the hazards and negative effects of
destruction of natural habitat.

Course pre-requisites:
Minimum educational background of Urdu literate (read and write).
Training duration & schedule:

The training event is comprised of minimum 5 hours.
S# District No of Trainings Participants Total Participants

per Event
1 Quetta 2 25 50
2 Chagai 3 25 75
3 Pishin 3 25 75
4 Loralai 3 25 63
5 Killa Abdullah 1 25 25
Total 12 300 300
Training methodology:
Interactive structured Lectures through multimedia.
Distribution of training material for reference and record (in Urdu Language).
Semi structured interviews with selected community members for experience
exchange.
Course syllabus:
Introduction to the importance of Habitat/wildlife protection and role of Community
Organization.
Introduction to Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat types of Balochistan.
Introduction to large mammals of Balochistan.

Introduction to resident and migratory birds of Balochistan.

Introduction to reptiles of Balochistan.
Training Sessions in Quetta
Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan hired a very experienced and comepetent

trainners Mr. Waseem Kamran for delievering the trainings. In Union Council Panjpai
district Quetta, HPO organized two trainings for the two conservation committee it
formed from the community organizations of RAHA-RAA.
One training of 25 members was organized in Panjpai Town in the guest of Mr. Malik
Dawood. The other training for the other 25 members of the second Conservation
Committees was organized in Kili Rahmdil Panjpai in the guest house of Mr. Haji Hanif.
The detailed reports of each training were already provided to the concerned regional
manager of RAHA-RAA and Monitoring and evaluation officer Mr. Zaheer Ahmed
Durani.
S# Venue No of Participants Date

1 Panjpai Town 25 18 Dec 2010
2 Kili Rahmdil Panjpai 25 20 Dec 2010

Training Sessions in Pishin

trainners Mr. Waseem Kamran for delievering the trainings. HPO organized three
trainings for the two conservation committee it formed from the community
organizations of RAHA-RAA in District Pishin.
One training for 25 members was organized in Khanozai in the guest of Mr. Obaid Ullah
The other two training for the conservation committees of Saranan, Bazar-e-Kona and
Batezai members of the other two Conservation Committees were organized in
Sabawoon Welfare Society Office and Social Welfare Department Office Pishin Town.
Durani.

1 Khanozai 25 25 Dec 2010
2 Social Welfare Office Pishin 25 20 Dec 2010
3 Sabawoon Office Pishin 25 20 Dec 2010

Training Sessions in Loralai

Three trainings for each three conservation Committes comprisingof total 75 members
was organized in Tabaaq Hotel Loralai Bazar.
Durani.

1 Tabaaq Hotel Loralai Bazar 25 1 Jan 2011

Training Sessions in Chagai

One training for 25 members was organized in Khanozai in the guest of Mr. Obaid Ullah
The other two training for the conservation committees of Saranan, Bazar-e-Kona and
Batezai members of the other two Conservation Committees were organized in
Sabawoon Welfare Society Office Pishin Town.
Durani.

1 Dasht-e-Goran 25 7 Jan 2011
2 Kili Nematullah 25 9 Jan 2011
3 Kili Haji Kochal Khan 25 13 Jan 2011
4 Kili Sakhi Peer Muhammad 25 16 Jan 2011

Success Stories and lesson learns

The conservation Committees formed and trained were aimed to protect the natural
habitat and wild life on community basis and entirely of volunteer basis. Though it will be
premature to say that from this early stage the community may show the desired
results, but the results and dedication shown by some conservation committees was
really worth mentioning as a success story.
Conservation Committee of Panjpai Union Council
HPO formed two Conservation Committees in Panjpai Union Council of District Quetta,
one conservation committee was comprised of the Community Organization members
of Panjpai Town and other from the suburbs and villages spread till Pakistan-
Afghanistan Border areas. The second Conservation committee which was named as
Conservation Committee Killi Rehamdil, headed by Sardar Hanif Qalandarani and
Sardar Bismillah Gul Sasoli. These conservation committee members imposed ban on
illegal hunting and poaching in their areas using their tribal influence. This ban on
hunting and poaching is strictly imposed by using their tribal status and support of their
tribe.
After just three days of the imposing the ban on hunting and poaching some Arab
Foreigners and their local associates without any official permission from Government
of Pakistan installed a camp for hunting the migratory Bird Houbara Bustard. As a result
the conservation committee members registered an FIR with the Levis Force of the area
and get those foreigners and their local associates arrested.
This incident was quoted on national and international Media and all news papers and
tv channels aired this news.

Challenges, Suggestions and Recommendations
Houbara Protection Organization found many challenges and issues concerning habitat
protection and wildlife conservation while working among the communities in rural areas
and urban settlements. Therefore it‟s worth mentioning that following issues and
recommendations need to be addresses in order to obtain sustainable results.
Raising Public Awareness:

Raising public awareness of environmental issues in Balochistan is a formidable
challenge. With a literacy rate of a mere 26.6 percent, an inadequate road network, a
multilingual population and a dominant rural - tribal social set-up, getting the message
across is not an easy task.
Traditional channels, such as news papers, have limited readership and penetration.
Coverage of issues such as the environment on television is inadequate. Although
television is a popular medium in Balochistan, it is widely viewed as a medium for
entertainment. Programmes on serious topics attract few viewers and with satellite
television, viewers have the luxury of switching channels. The rare exception to this rule
is travel programmes, which are popular and can be used to encourage ecotourism.
A vast majority of the population owns radio sets, but the duration of the local
transmission is not even sufficient to provide entertainment. However, if proper training
in covering and presenting environmental issues is provided, radio broadcasts can play
a significant role in raising awareness.
In a traditional society like Balochistan informal channels of communication are more

important than formal ones. Religious leaders, tribal elders, members of jirgas, teachers
and people commanding respect in society are the opinion leaders in a predominantly
tribal set-up. Convincing these people of the worth of the environment and enlisting their
assistance can result in positive changes in attitude towards the conservation and
management of natural resources.
Traditional fairs, such as the Sibi Mela, are attended by a large number of people and
can serve as focal points for the dissemination of messages. These gatherings can be

tapped to bring people from different ethnic groups together, networking between
producers, traders and consumers, and introducing environment-friendly technology for
the sustainable use of natural resources.
The private sector, especially the Balochistan Chamber of Commerce and Industries
and various traders' organizations, could play a major role in these efforts.
Establishing, strengthening and institutionalizing women's groups to share and

disseminate environmental information will raise public awareness of environmental
issues. It will also help to introduce innovative approaches towards sustainable resource
use. The bottom line is that many actors, traditional and nontraditional, will need to get
involved in raising awareness.
Institutionalizing Environmental Education

Balochistan has the lowest lite racy rate in Pakistan, an abysmal 26.6 percent ove rall.
While 36.5 percent of males were categorised as literate in the 1998 census, the female
lite racy rate was a mere 15 percent.
According to the census, about a million persons were found to be either attending
some educational institution or had done so in the past. Many schools, especially girls'
schools, do not have teachers, appropriate buildings or furniture. The syllabus,
meanwhile, remains inconsistent with the emerging needs of the time. The situation is
even worse in the rural areas.
In this dismal scenario, environmental education has obviously taken a back seat. As
literacy is a crucial factor in awareness rising, the issue requires special emphasis. One
idea is to deploy school children as carriers of messages. In this context, investments
will have to be made to ensuree quitable access to primary education for both boys and
girls and provide opportunities for their continued education.
Refresher courses for teachers, especially with a focus on environmental education, will
have to be arranged. Many girls' schools are non-functional due to the paucity of female
teachers. Special incentives and facilities will have to be provided to encourage women
to teach in the rural areas of the province.

NGOs are playing a vital role in the field of formal as well as non-formal education. It is
important to build their technical and institutional capacity to allow them to play a greater
role in the educational field.
The curriculum of public and private educational institutions needs revision in the light of
theprinciples and guidelines of environmental education.
Environmental education perse has never been introduced in formal educational

institutions. There is no environmental engineering department in the unive rsities or
environmental health department in the medical college. However, environmental
education as a theme is part of the curricula, especially of private schools. The
Balochistan Textbook Board and the Bureau of Curriculum have initiated efforts to
incorporate environmental concerns into the syllabi of public sector schools. However,
lack of appropriate capacity is a major obstacle. The provincial government intends to
invest in capacity building of teachers and master trainers for environmental education.
Addressing Ground Water Misuse
Balochistan is primarily arid with an average precipitation level below 250 mm per
annum. Total cultivated land (2.09 million hectares) constitutes only 6 percent of the
geographical area of the province, of which only 580,000 hectares are irrigated through
perennial water sources. However this irrigation water is misused. The remaining land is
rain fed or flood irrigated. Low precipitation not only affects ground water levels but also
irrigated agriculture. Crops grown under these conditions are obviously of poor quality
and yields are low.
The indiscriminate use of tube wells has created its own problems. Owners of orchards
typically sink tube wells, run them round the clock on electricity charged at a flat rate,
and irrigate their orchards to produce fruits worth thousands of rupees. What most
growers have failed to understand, however, is that ground water is a finite resource.
Their actions have led to a decline in the level of ground water in many places and an
acute shortage of water, even for drinking purposes.

Today, these orchards have withered because of the unavailability of water. The same
ominous scenario is gradually unfolding in Quetta Valley where the issue of drinking
water is becoming a most crucial one.
Issues such as ground water and irrigation efficiency are primarily of a systemic nature.
However, there is hardly any reliable information available to facilitate the precise
planning and management of water basins. There is an urgent need for a basin-specific
water management system involving community participation.
Karezes, traditionally a very effective source of water, are drying up due to the
installation of tube wells and dug wells, lack of maintenance, and droughts in the
province. This trend is more visible in areas with orchards. There is a need to review the
policy on tube wells and to revamp karezes.
Improving coordination and research in this area is also recommended. Establishment

of a Water Board for the planning and management of each water basin will be a useful
step towards sustainable use of groundwater and an efficient irrigation system.
Managing Rangelands and Livestock

Approximately 79% of the area of Balochistan can be categorised as rangelands. This
area fulfils 90% of the feed requirements of small ruminants, 40% of pack animals and
5% of cattle in the province. Rangebased livestock farming is a major source of
livelihood for people living in the rural areas.
Six main breeds of sheep – Bibrik, Balochi, Harnai, Rakhshani, Kakri and Mengali – are
found in Balochistan. The Pahari, Kajli, Khurasani and Lehri types of goats are kept for
their hair and meat while Barbari and Kamori cross-breeds are kept for milk production.
Cattle breeds include Bhagnari, Lohani and Red Sindhi. These breeds adapt well to
local conditions. The only buffalo breed found in the province is Kundi. Camels are of
the Mahari, Bari or Ladu breed.
An increase in the number of live stock is considered a barometer of success in live s to

ck management. The result is that there are some 20 million small ruminants in the
province, a number that is six to seven times greater than the actual carrying capacity of
the province's rangelands. This results in severe overgrazing and puts enormous
pressure on already rapidly degrading rangelands.

Inadequate nutrition results in high mortality, high parasitic infestation rates and stunted
growth. Due to these reasons, livestock owners sustain high losses, especially during
droughts. Due to unsustainable and excessive grazing in rangelands, almost all
vegetation has been stripped resulting in increased wind erosion, excessive run off of
rainwater, low recharge of water basins, loss of topsoil and nutrients, and an overall
degradation of pasturelands.
Traditional breeds are not very profitable because of their low weight. However, new
breeds introduced in the province have not been able to adapt due to the harsh climate,
scarcity of feed, and inadequate veterinary health services. There is a need to introduce
more productive and adaptive breeds so that quality instead of quantity can be
emphasized.
Using Forests Sustainably

For thousands of years, the people of Balochistan have based their survival needs on
forests and the flora and fauna they spawned. Trees and shrubs were traditionally used
for fuel and construction materials and herbs for food and medicine. In recent years, the
forests of Balochistan have been facing serious threats.
Given its varied topography and climate, there are a number of distinct types of forests
in the province. A limited number of trees are grown in irrigated plantations in Lasbela,
Sibi, Zhob, Pishin and Quetta Districts. The remaining areas, except for state lands, are
considered common property.
The primary use of these lands is for pastoral purposes, but they also serve as wildlife
habitat and play a valuable role in recharging groundwater.
The major type of forest in Balochistan is the coniferous forest; this includes the
chilghoza (pine nut) and juniper forests. The province has one of the largest juniper
forests of its kind, covering 141,000 hectares, with the best examples in the Ziarat and
Zarghoon valleys.
Alarmingly, the already limited forest cover is being rapidly cleared for agriculture
(especially orchards), the construction of houses and roads, and for commercial
purposes. The cutting of trees and their branches is increasing for their use as timber,

fuelwood, fencing material and for thatching. Parasitic infestation, viruses and other
diseases are also continuous threats to these forests. Natural regeneration, meanwhile,
is almost insignificant due to heavy grazing in these areas. The loss of centuries-old
juniper trees in Ziarat, Quetta, Sibi, Loralai and Kalat districts is an example of
communities' priorities, in which immediate needs triumph over the long-term
requirements of conservation.
A decrease in forest cover does not simply mean the loss of trees but also the loss of
other flora and fauna dependent on these forests. If habitats are not available, how can
wildlife survive?
Given the current situation, it is imperative to initiate a protected areas system plan in
the province. Farm and community forestry has not been widely practised in
Balochistan. Promotion of such forestry can help reduce the pressure on natural forests.
Much of the data on forests is derived from secondary sources, and is of limited use for
planning and management of forests. The traditional protective approach of the Forest
Department is clearly not viable any more. There is a need for collaborative forest
management with the active participation of communities. The Forest Department also
needs reorientation and restructuring to play a more effective role. For this purpose, a
management and operational review, capacity building and strengthening of the
department is of crucial importance.

Photo Gallery
Panjpai Training Sessions

Pishin Training Sessions

Loralai Training Sessions

Chagai Training Sessions

Habitat Protection Through Community Participation

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[PROTECTING HABITAT THROUGH COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ] Final Report

Houbara Protection Organization Page 1

Houbara Protection Organization Page 2

Flora & Fauna of District Loralai .................................................................................... 22

Houbara Protection Organization Page 3

Training Sessions in Pishin .................................................................................... 62

Houbara Protection Organization Page 4

Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan acknowledges the steady

We would like to show our appreciation to the Provincial Programme

Houbara Protection Organization Balochistan also pays regards for the

We would like to thank the regional mangers of RAHA-RAA Mr. Riaz

Special Thanks also goes to the Social Organizers of RAHA-RAA

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The Conservation Committees formed and trained by Houbara protection organization

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Refugees Affected and Hosting Areas Programme

The overall objective of RAHA programme is to improve livelihood, rehabilitate the

RAHA is a five-year initiative agreed between the Government of Pakistan

The programme component will be implemented in five districts of Balochistan. It will

1. Greater social cohesion

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Programme Implementation Management

RAHA is a Joint Programme Component Two (JPC2) of Disaster Risk

1. Refugees Affected Areas and

Refugees Hosting Areas component will be implemented by UNHCR and the

The Planning and Development Department of Government of Balochistan is

A Programme Management Unit (PMU) has been established that serves as a

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Houbara Protection Organization

HPO (Houbara Protection Organization) is a non-

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To undertake a holistic approach, leading to the empowerment of marginalized groups,

Aims & Objectives

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 Provincial/District Government Level

 Protection/Preservation of Endangered Species.

Quetta Noshki Chagai Kharan

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Brief Description of the Project

Main tasks for Houbara Protection Organization

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The key activities to be undertaken as outlined below;

• Mobilize nominated community members for proposed capacity building

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District Flora & Fauna Data Collection

Flora & Fauna of District Quetta

Quetta district lies between 30° - 03° & 30° -27' N

The general character of the district is

Summer is relatively mild and the maximum temperature ranges between 32 to 35

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Deteriorating environment is a major issue in the district. The main environmental

As far as industrial pollution is concerned, brown pollution is non-existent due to

• Solid waste in the Municipal area is disposed of in the following ways:

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The major tree species found in the district are Obusht

In the plains, the wasteland contains mostly Tharkha

Among mammals the common species are Suleman

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And among reptiles the common species are Afghan