VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

SEMINAR REPORT
ON

“4G Technology”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
Bachelor of Engineering Degree
In
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Visvesvariah Technological University
By

ASHOK KUMAR

(USN: 1EW06CS017)

Under the guidance of

Mrs. Jyoti Metan

Off Magadi Road, Vishwaneedam Post ,Bangalore-560091

 EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Sy No 63 Off Magadi Road,Vishwaneedam Post, Bangalore-91

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Seminar entitled “4G Technology” is a bonafied

work carried out by Ashok Kumar(1EW06CS017)in partial fulfillment for
the award of the degree Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science of
the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum during the
academic year 2009-10. The seminar report has been approved as it satisfies
the academic requirement in aspect of seminar work prescribed for the said
degree.

……………………………. ……………………….. …………………………...

Signature of Co-ordinator Signature of HOD Signature of Principal
Mrs. Jyoti Metan Mrs. Komala Dr. M. N. Gundu Rao

Acknowledgement

I would like to take this opportunity to thank a lot of eminent personalities,

without whose constant encouragement, this endeavor of mine would not
have become a reality.

Firstly, I would like to thank the VTU, Belgaum, for having this
Technical Topic Seminar as part of its curriculum, which gave me a wonderful
opportunity to work on my research and presentation abilities and EWIT for
providing me with such excellent facilities, without which, this seminar could
not have acquired the shape it has now done.

I would like to thank Mrs. Jyoti Metan , Lecturer in Dept of CSE, for
her continuous support, advice and guidance.

At the outset I would like to make a special mention of the Head of

the Department, Mrs. Komala, who has guided me towards becoming
technically more competent, but also for having taking the pains to provide
me the necessary facility.

I express our sincere gratitude to Dr M. N. Gundu Rao Principal,

EWIT for providing us the facilities.

Finally, I would like to thank all my friends and families for their
constant support, guidance and encouragement.
Ashok Kumar

ABSTRACT

The fourth generation of mobile networks will truly turn the current mobile phone
networks, in to end to end IP based networks, couple this with the arrival of IPv6, every
device in the world will have a unique IP address, which will allow full IP based
communications from a mobile device, right to the core of the internet, and back out again. If
4G is implemented correctly, it will truly harmonize global roaming, super high speed
connectivity, and transparent end user performance on every mobile communications device
in the world. 4G is set to deliver 100mbps to a roaming mobile device globally, and up to
1gbps to a stationary device. With this in mind, it allows for video conferencing, streaming
picture perfect video and much more.

4G won’t happen overnight, it is estimated that it will be implemented by 2012, and

if done correctly, should take off rather quickly. 4G networks i.e. Next Generation Networks
(NGNs) are becoming fast and very cost-effective solutions for those wanting an IP built
high-speed data capacities in the mobile network. Some possible standards for the 4G system
are 802.20, WiMAX (802.16),UMTS and future versions of UMTS.

The design is that 4G will be based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division

Multiplexing), which is the key enabler of 4G technology. Other technological aspects of 4G
are adaptive processing and smart antennas, both of which will be used in 3G networks and
enhance rates when used in with OFDM.
 Currently 3G networks still send their data digitally over a single channel;
OFDM is designed to send data over hundreds of parallel streams, thus increasing the amount
of information that can be sent at a time over traditional CDMA networks.

(i)

CONTENTS
Chapter No. PAGE NO.

1. Introduction of 4G 1

2. History of 4G 2
2.1 What is 1G? 2
2.2 What is 2G? 3
2.3 What is 3G?
2.4 Short History of Mobile Technologies 4
3. What is 4G 5

4. Features 7

5. What is need to build 4G network 8

6. Implementation of 4G 10

7. Architecture of 4G
7.1 End-to-end Service Architectures 12
7.2 Middleware Architecture 12
7.3 Infrastructure-Based Relay Network Architecture 13
7.4 Overlay network 14
8. Wireless technology used in 4G
 8.1 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 16
8.2 Ultra Wide Band 16
8.3 Smart Anteenas 16
8.4 IPv6 17

9. Security 19

10. Application 20

11. Conclusion 21

12. References 22
(ii)

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1. History of Mobile Networks 4

2. 4G Mobile Communication 6

3. Implementation Diagram of 4G 11

4. Implementation Block Diagram of 4G 11

5. Example of Heterogeneous Network Multihop Architecture 14

6. Overlay Network 15
7. Smart Anteena 17