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Victory Valley Camp
45‐Hour Core Challenge
March 18‐20, 2011
Apologetics for a Post‐Modern World
Sessions Overview
1.What is Post‐Modernism?
2.The Power of the Gospel in the Hearts of Post‐Moderns
3.Reaching Post‐Moderns with the Truth in Love
4.Designing Church to Disciple Post‐Moderns
Tonight:
What is Post‐Modernism?
There is truth, but there is not Truth.
Truth cannot be attained through reason because all
cultures use reason to support their truths but their
truths are incompatible with the truths of other
cultures.
Truth cannot be attained through science because
our ability to observe is biased and incomplete.
1 Corinthians 8:1‐3
Now concerning things sacrificed to idols, we know that we all have
knowledge. Knowledge makes arrogant, but love edifies. If anyone
supposes that he knows anything, he has not yet known as he ought to
know; but if anyone loves God, he is known by Him. (NASB)
Now about food sacrificed to idols: We know that “We all possess
knowledge.” But knowledge puffs up while love builds up. Those who
think they know something do not yet know as they ought to know. But
whoever loves God is known by God. (NIV 2011)
Now regarding your question about food that has been offered to idols.
Yes, we know that “we all have knowledge” about this issue. But while
knowledge makes us feel important, it is love that strengthens the
church. Anyone who claims to know all the answers doesn’t really know
very much. But the person who loves God is the one whom God
recognizes. (NLT)
1 Corinthians 8:1‐3
Now concerning things sacrificed to idols, we know that we all have
knowledge. Knowledge makes arrogant, but love edifies. If anyone
supposes that he knows anything, he has not yet known as he ought to
know; but if anyone loves God, he is known by Him. (NASB)
Now about food sacrificed to idols: We know that “We all possess
knowledge.” But knowledge puffs up while love builds up. Those who
think they know something do not yet know as they ought to know. But
whoever loves God is known by God. (NIV 2011)
Now regarding your question about food that has been offered to idols.
Yes, we know that “we all have knowledge” about this issue. But while
knowledge makes us feel important, it is love that strengthens the
church. Anyone who claims to know all the answers doesn’t really know
very much. But the person who loves God is the one whom God
recognizes. (NLT)
1 Corinthians 8:1‐3
Now concerning things sacrificed to idols, we know that we all have
knowledge. Knowledge makes arrogant, but love edifies. If anyone
supposes that he knows anything, he has not yet known as he ought to
know; but if anyone loves God, he is known by Him. (NASB)
Now about food sacrificed to idols: We know that “We all possess
knowledge.” But knowledge puffs up while love builds up. Those who
think they know something do not yet know as they ought to know. But
whoever loves God is known by God. (NIV 2011)
Now regarding your question about food that has been offered to idols.
Yes, we know that “we all have knowledge” about this issue. But while
knowledge makes us feel important, it is love that strengthens the
church. Anyone who claims to know all the answers doesn’t really know
very much. But the person who loves God is the one whom God
recognizes. (NLT)
1 Corinthians 8:1‐3
Now concerning things sacrificed to idols, we know that we all have
knowledge. Knowledge makes arrogant, but love edifies. If anyone
supposes that he knows anything, he has not yet known as he ought to
know; but if anyone loves God, he is known by Him. (NASB)
Now about food sacrificed to idols: We know that “We all possess
knowledge.” But knowledge puffs up while love builds up. Those who
think they know something do not yet know as they ought to know. But
whoever loves God is known by God. (NIV 2011)
Now regarding your question about food that has been offered to idols.
Yes, we know that “we all have knowledge” about this issue. But while
knowledge makes us feel important, it is love that strengthens the
church. Anyone who claims to know all the answers doesn’t really know
very much. But the person who loves God is the one whom God
recognizes. (NLT)
1 Corinthians 8:1‐3
Now concerning things sacrificed to idols, we know that we all have
knowledge. Knowledge makes arrogant, but love edifies. If anyone
supposes that he knows anything, he has not yet known as he ought to
know; but if anyone loves God, he is known by Him. (NASB)
Now about food sacrificed to idols: We know that “We all possess
knowledge.” But knowledge puffs up while love builds up. Those who
think they know something do not yet know as they ought to know. But
whoever loves God is known by God. (NIV 2011)
Now regarding your question about food that has been offered to idols.
Yes, we know that “we all have knowledge” about this issue. But while
knowledge makes us feel important, it is love that strengthens the
church. Anyone who claims to know all the answers doesn’t really know
very much. But the person who loves God is the one whom God
recognizes. (NLT)
1 Corinthians 8:1‐3
v2‐3, NIV 2011
Those who think they know something do not yet know as they ought to
know. But whoever loves God is known by God. (NIV 2011)
NIV 2011 note on verse 3 ‐ An early manuscript and another ancient
witness think they have knowledge do not yet know as they ought to
know. But whoever loves truly knows.
If this manuscript is helpful, it’d read this way:
Those who think they have knowledge do not yet know as they ought to
know. But whoever loves truly knows.
1 Corinthians 8:1‐3
v2‐3, NIV 2011
Those who think they know something do not yet know as they ought to
know. But whoever loves God is known by God. (NIV 2011)
NIV 2011 note on verse 3 ‐ An early manuscript and another ancient
witness think they have knowledge do not yet know as they ought to
know. But whoever loves truly knows.
If this manuscript is helpful, it’d read this way:
Those who think they have knowledge do not yet know as they ought to
know. But whoever loves truly knows.
Tonight:
What is Post‐Modernism?
There is truth, but there is not Truth.
Truth cannot be attained through reason because all
cultures use reason to support their truths but their
truths are incompatible with the truths of other
cultures.
Truth cannot be attained through science because
our ability to observe is biased and incomplete.
How Did Post‐Modernism Come About?
Age of Enlightenment Premodern Era 1500‐1700
Reason
Enlightenment (1500‐1800)
Reason, Rational Thought, Logic will be the tools to
discover the causes and effects in the world.
Stop assuming that the truths past done from the
fearless leaders are true. Investigate, think, discover!
Rene Descartes, Holland, (1596‐1650)
“I think therefore I exist”
(Principles of Philosophy)
Enlightenment (1500‐1800)
Martin Luther, Germany, (1483‐1546)
“Unless I am convinced by Scripture and
plain reason, my conscience is captive
to the Word of God. I cannot and I will
not recant anything, for to go against
conscience would be neither right nor
safe. God help me. Here I stand, I can
do no other”
(Diet of Worms, 1521)
Enlightenment (1500‐1800)
Gottfried Leibniz, Germany, (1646‐1716)
“The only way to rectify our reasonings
is to make them as tangible as those of
the Mathematicians, so that we can
find our error at a glance, and when
there are disputes among persons, we
can simply say: Let us calculate without
further ado, to see who is right”
(The Art of Discovery, 1685)
How Did Post‐Modernism Come About?
Scientific Revolution (1600‐1960)
Scientific Method, Procedure, Examination,
Observation, Testing will be the tools to discover the
causes and effects in the world.
Scientific Method Francis Bacon (1561‐1626)
•Observe
•Hypothesize
•Test Your Hypothesis
•Formulate a Theory
•Retest
•Codify a Law
Scientific Revolution (1600‐1960)
John Locke, England, (1632‐1704)
“every idea is derived from experience
either by sensation or reflection –the
perception of the operations of our
own mind within us, as it is employed
about the ideas it has got”
(An Essay Concerning Human
Understanding)
How Did Post‐Modernism Come About?
There is truth, but there is not Truth.
Truth cannot be attained through reason because all
cultures use reason to support their truths but their
truths are incompatible with the truths of other
cultures.
Truth cannot be attained through science because
our ability to observe is biased and incomplete.
Post‐Modernism (1940‐today)
Friedrich Nietzsche, Germany, (1844‐1900)
“God is dead. God remains dead. And we have killed
him. How shall we comfort ourselves, the murderers
of all murderers? What was holiest and mightiest of
all that the world has yet owned has bled to death
under our knives: who will wipe this blood off us?
What water is there for us to clean ourselves? What
festivals of atonement, what sacred games shall we
have to invent? Is not the greatness of this
deed too great for us? Must we ourselves
not become gods simply to appear worthy
of it?” (The Gay Science, Section 125)
Post‐Modernism (1940‐today)
Friedrich Nietzsche, Germany, (1844‐1900)
the death of God will eventually lead to the loss of
any universal perspective on things, and along with it
any coherent sense of objective truth. Instead we
would retain only our own multiple, diverse, and fluid
perspectives. This view has acquired the name
"perspectivism".
Post‐Modernism (1940‐today)
Friedrich Nietzsche, Germany, (1844‐1900)
“A nihilist is a man who judges of the world as it is
that it ought not to be, and of the world as it ought to
be that it does not exist. According to this view, our
existence (action, suffering, willing, feeling) has no
meaning: the pathos of 'in vain' is the nihilists' pathos
— at the same time, as pathos, an inconsistency on
the part of the nihilists.”
(The Will to Power, section 585)
Post‐Modernism (1940‐today)
Jean Baudrillard, France, (1929‐)
“The apocalypse is finished, today it is the precession of the
neutral, of forms of the neutral and of indifference…all that
remains, is the fascination for desertlike and indifferent
forms, for the very operation of the system that annihilates
us. Now, fascination (in contrast to seduction, which was
attached to appearances, and to dialectical reason, which was
attached to meaning) is a nihilistic passion par excellence, it is
the passion proper to the mode of disappearance. We are
fascinated by all forms of disappearance, of our
disappearance. Melancholic and fascinated, such
is our general situation in an era of involuntary
transparency.”
(Simulacra and Simulation, On Nihilism, 1995)
Post‐Modernism (1940‐today)
Arthur Kenyon Rogers, England, (1868‐1936)
“Mere logic never by any possibility can add more
certainty to the conclusion than existed in the premises.
Its ideal, is, therefore, to carry back proof to more and
more general premises, until at last its finds something in
its own right on which it can rest, and from which then a
derivative certainty passes to the consequences. The
idea of system, on the contrary, implies that certainty
grows continually as new facts are added… The
conclusions, that is, have to be more certain than the
premises. … When we see that two independent beliefs
corroborate one another, the confidence we have in both
is increased.”
(What is Truth?, 1923)
Post‐Modernism (1940‐today)
Wolfhart Pannenberg, Germany, (1928‐)
The reality of God remains an open question in the
contemporary world. And our human knowledge is never
complete or absolutely certain. To respond to this
problem, Pannenberg appeals to the eschatological
nature of truth and to the scientific nature of theology.
Because truth is historical, the focal point of certitude can
only be the eschatological future. Only then will we know
truth in its absolute fullness. Until the eschaton, truth
will by its own nature always remain provisional and
truth claims contestable.
(Grenz and Franke, Beyond Foundationalism,
p44. referring to Pannenberg’s
Systematic Theology, 1:54)
How Did Post‐Modernism Come About?