1. Tuberculine was injected intracutaneously to the child for tuberculin test.

Marked hyperemia, tissue infiltration developed on the

place of injection in 24 hours. What mechanism caused these modifications?

A. Granuloma formation
B. Immunocomplex cytotoxity
C. Reagin type cytotoxity
*D. Cells cytotoxity
E. Antibody cytotoxity

2. On autopsy it is revealed enlarged dense right lung, fibrin layers on the pleura. Lung tissue is light green color on incision with
muddy liqued exudates. What lung disease are these symptoms typical for?

A. Lung-fever
B. Bronchopneumonia,
*С. Pulmonary gangrene
D. Fibrosing alveolitis
E. Interstitial pneumonia

3. Local lymphonodules enlarged near the infected wound. Increased amount

of macrophages, lymphocytes, lymphatic follicles in the cortical layer and large amount of plasma cells were revealed on histological
examination. What process in the lymphatic nodules represent these histological changes?

A. Tumour transformation
B Hypersensibility reaction
*C Antigen stimulation
D. Innate insufficiency of the lymphoid tissue
E. Acquired insufficiency of the lymphoid tissue

4. Diagnostic scraping was performed to the woman with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Multiple convoluted glands, ganglially
dilated cavities of some glands were revealed histologically in the scrape. Name the type of general pathological process.

*A. Glandulo-gangliac hyperplasia

B. Metaplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Displasia
E. Hypertrophic excrescence

5. On autopsy of the man with alcohol abuse for a long time it was revealed: dense, small-knobby, small size liver. Microscopically:
small pseudo-lobules, divided with thin layers of connective tissue with lymphomac Tophagial infiltrates; hepatocytes in the state of
globular fatty dystrophy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Fatty hepatosis
B. Toxic liver dystrophy d Alcohol cirrhosis
*C. Alcohol cirrosis
D. Chronic persistent alcohol hepatitis
E. Chronic active alcohol hepatitis

6. Extensive thromboembolic infarction of the left cerebral hemispheres, large septic spleen, immunocomplex glomerulonephri-tis,
ulcers on the edges of the aortic valves, covered with polypous thrombus with colonies of staphylococcus were revealed on autopsy of
the young man who died in coma. What disease caused cerebral thromboemboly?

A. Rheumatic thromboendocarditis
B. Acute rheumatic valvulitis
C. Septicopyemia
D. Septicemia
*E. Septic bacterial endocarditis

7. Patient experienced increased susceptibility of the skin to the sunlight. His urine after some time became dark-red. What is the most
likely cause of this?

*A Porphyria
B. Alkaptonuria
C. Hemolytic jaundice
D. Albinism
E. Pellagra
8. Patient suffering from trombophlebitis of the deep veins suddenly died. Autopsy has shown freely lying red friable masses with dim
crimped surface in the trunk and bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. What pathologic process was revealed by morbid anatomist?

A. Fat embolism
B. Embolism with foreign body
C. Tissue embolism
*D. Tromboembolism
E. Thrombosis

9. Unpainfull formation without marked borders appeared in the soft tissues of the thigh in the young man. On the tissue bioptate the
formation lookes like a meat of a fish, consisting of the immature fibroblast-like cells with multiple mitosis, which grow through the
muscles. What is the most likely diagnosis?

*A. Fibrosarcoma
B. Myoma
C. Myosarcoma
D. Cancer
E. Fibroma

10. Multiple oval ulcers along the intestine were revealed on autopsy of the person, who died from diffuse of peritonitis in the distant
part of the small intestine. Bottom parts of the ulcers are clear, smooth, formed with muscular or serous covering, edges of ulcers are
flat, rounded. There are perforations up to 0,5 cm in diameter in two ulcers. What diseas is can be diagnosed?

A. Tuberculosis
B. Typhus
C. Dysentery
*D. Typhoid fever
E. Cholera

11. A 12-year-old boy often suffers from virus and bacterial infections and eczematous skin lesions. Enlargement of T-lymphocytes
and Ig M with normal Ig A and Ig G was revealed on examination. What type of immune system pathology is presented in the
patient?

A. Hypoplasia of thymus
*B. Turner's syndrome
C. Composite immunedefficiency
D. Hereditary immundeficiency of the complement system
E. Bruton's hypogammaglobulinemia

12. On autopsy of the 40-year-old woman suffering from rheumatic arthritis, the enlarged solid spleen was revealed. On section its
tissue is of the mahogany color with enlarged follicles, which look like semi-transparent grayish-whitish grains. What pathological
process is the most likely?

A Waxy spleen
*B. Sago spleen
C. Porphyric spleen
D. Glaze spleen
E. Hyaline spleen

13. The intraoperational biopsy of mammal gland has revealed the signs of atypical tissue with disorder of parenchyma stroma
proportion with domination of the last, gland structures of the different size and shape, lined with single-layer proliferative epithelium.
What is the most appropriate diagnosis?

A. Papilloma
B. Infiltrative cancer
C. Mastitis
*D. Fibroadenoma
E. Noninfiltrative cancer

14. On autopsy it was revealed: large (1-2 cm) brownish-red, easy crumbling formations covering ulcerative defects on the external
surface of the aortic valve. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Diffusive endocarditis
B. Fibroplastic endocarditis
*C. Polypus-ulcerative endocarditis
D. Acute warty endocarditis
E. Recurrent warty endocarditis
15. On autopsy it is revealed: soft arachnoid membrane of the upper parts of cerebral hemisphere is plethoric, it is of yellowish-green
color, soaked with purulent and fibrose exudate, it lookes like cap. For what disease is it characteristical picture

A. Meningitis at anthrax
*B. Meningococcal meningitis
C. Meningitis at typhus
D. Tuberculous meningitis
E. Influenza meningitis

16. A 59-year-old man has signs of the parenchymatous jaundice and portal hypertension. On histological examination of the puncture
of the liver bioptate, it was revealed: beam-lobule structure is affected, part of hepatocytes has signs of fat dystrophy, port-portal
connective tissue septa with formation of pseudo-lobules, with periportal rympho-macrophage infiltrations. What is the most probable
diagnosis?

A. Chronic hepatosis
B. Toxic dystrophy
C Viral hepatitis
*D. Liver cirrosis
E. Alcohol hepatitis

17. During surgery in a 17-year-old patient it was revealed the tumour of 4,5x5,0x3,5 sm in size on the lower surface of the liver with
subserose localization, of dark-red color. On the section tumour has cavities with marked amount of blood. What is preliminary
diagnosis?

A. Hemangioendothelioma
B. Capillar hemangioma
C. Lymphangioma
D. Hemangiopericytoma
*E. Cavernous hemangioma

18. Purulent endometritis with fatal outcome was progressing in the woman after abortion performed not at the hospital. On autopsy
multiple lung abscesses, subcapsule ulcers in the kidneys, spleen hyperplasia were revealed. What form of sepsis developed in the
patient?

A. Septicemia
B. Urosepsis
C. Lung sepsis
*D. Septopyemia
E. Chroniosepsis
19. On microscopic examination of the enlarged neck gland of a 14-year-old girl it was revealed destruction of the tissue structure of
the node, absence of the lymph follicles, sclerotic and necrosis parts, cell constitution of the node is polymorphous, lymphocites,
eosinophiles, atypical cells of the large size with multiple-lobule nuclei (Beresovsky-Shternberg cells) and onenucleus cells of the
large size are present. What is the most likely diagnosis?

*A. Lymphogranulomatous
B. Berkitt's lymphoma
C. Fungous mycosis
D. Chronic lympholeucosis
E. Acute lympholeucosis

20. A 46 year-old man complains of difficult nose breathing. Mikulich cells, storage of epithelioid cells, plasmocytes, lymphocytes,
hyaline balls are discovered in the biopsy material of the nose thickening. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
B. Rhinovirus infection
*C. Scleroma
D. Virus rhinitis
E. Allergic rhinitis

21. On autopsy of the 58-year-old man it is revealed: mitral valve is deformed, thickened, not totally closed. Microscopically: centers
of collagen fibers are eosinophilic, have positive fibrin reaction. The most likely it is:

A. Fibrinoid inflammation
B. Hyalinosis
C. Amyloidosis
*D. Fibrinoid swelling
E. Mucoid swelling
22. Chronic inflammation and transformation of the one-layer ciliated epithelium into multiple-layers flat epithelium was revealed in
the thickened mucous membrane of the bronchus bioptate of the patient with smoke abuse. Which of the processes is the most

*A. Metaplasia
B. Leucoplacia
C. Hyperplasia of the epithelium
D. Epithelium hypertrophy
E. Squamous cancer

23. A 16-year-old patient died because of diffuse fibrinopurulent peritonitis. The autopsy in the inferior region of small intestine
revealed an ulcer with a form of Peyer's plaque, with the perforation of intestine wall. The microscopic examination revealed lymph
tissue pattern vagueness, the displacement of this tissue with proliferating monocytes, which were forming granulomata.
Complication of what disease caused the death?

A. Nonspecific ulcerative colitis

B. Dysentry
C. Cholera
D. Brucellosis
*E. Typhoid

24. A patient with diabetes mellitus suddenly began having sharp pain in his right foot. The examination revealed black hallux,
swallen foot tissues, focuses of epidermis detachment, secreta with unpleasant smell. What clinico-morphological form of necrosis
developed in a patient?

*A. Moist gangrene

B. Bedsore
C. Dry gangrene
D. Sequester
E. Infarction

25. A patient died from acute cardiac insufficiency. The histological examination of his heart revealed in myocardium of the left
ventricle the necrotized section, which was separated from undamaged tissue by the zone of hyperimic vessels, small hemorrhages
and leukocytic infiltration. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Focal exudate myocarditis

B. Diffuse exudate myocarditis
C. Productive myocarditis
D. Myocardial ischemic dystrophy
*E. Myocardial infarction

26. On the 8th day since the patient was inoculated with antitetanic serum because of dirty wound of his foot he has developed rising
temperature up to 38°C, pains in the joints, rash and itch. The blood tests revealed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Allergic
reaction of what type has developed in this case?

A. Anaphylactic
B. Cytotoxic
*C. Immunocomplex
D. Delayed type of hypersensitivity
E. Stimulating

27. A patient died 3 days after the operation because of perforated colon with the manifestations of diffuse purulent peritonitis. The
autopsy demonstrated: colon mucos membrane was thickened and covered with a fibrin film, isolated ulcers penetrated into different
depth. Results of histology: mucous membrane necrosis, leukocytes infiltration with hemorrhages focuses. The complication of what
disease caused the patient's death?
A. Typhoid
*B. Amebiasis
C. Nonspecific ulcerative colitis
D. Crohn's disease
E. Dysentery

28. During the examination of a patient, who had been to the mountain pasture and had been hospitalized in a bad condition with
fever, the doctor found out the enlargement of inguinal lymph nodes to 8 cm, which were attached to the surrounding tissues,
immovable, the skin above them was red and tender. The microscopic examination of the node revealed acute serohemorrhagic
inflammation. What disease is it typical for?

A. Tularemia
*B. Plague
C. Brucellosis
D. Syphilis
E. Anthrax

29. A 30-year-old patient with bacteriologically proved dysentery developed the signs of paraproctitis. What is the stage of local
changes of this patient?

A. Fibrinous colitis
B. Healing of the ulcers stage
C. Catarrhal colitis
*D. Ulceration stage
E. Follicular colitis

30. The autopsy of the dead body revealed enlarged, solid with rounded margins liver, on section the tissue was yellow-brown in
colour with dark red spots and stripes, which resembled nutmeg. What pathological process led to such liver changes?

*A. Chronic venous polyemia

B. Chronic hemorrhage
C. Arterial anemia
D. Arterial polyemia
E. Acute venous polyemia

31. The intraoperative biopsy of mammal gland has revealed the signs of atypical tissue with disorder of parenchyma-stroma
proportion with domination of the last, gland structures of different size and shape, lined with single-layer proliferative epithelium.
What is the most appropriate diagnosis?

A. Infiltrative cancer
B. Papilloma
C. Noninfiltrative cancer
D. Mastitis
*E. Fibroadenoma
32. The autopsy of the man's body, that was working for a long time as a miner and died beacuse of chronic pulmonary-cardiac
insufficiency, revealed that lungs were not in their full volume, significantly thickened, sclerotic, the apexis were emphysematously
changed, the surface was gray-black in colour, on section the lung tissue was aspid-black in colour. What disease caused the death?

A. Aluminosis
B. Talcosis
C. Asbestosis
*D. Anthracosis
E. Silicosis

33. The microscopic examination of liver biopsy revealed granulomata, consisting of plasmatic, lymphoid, giant polynuclear cells of
Pirogov-Lachgans type, small vessels with the signs of endo- and perivasculitis, and there were focuses of caseation necrosis. What
disease are these granulomata typical for?

A. Rhinoscleroma
B. Leprosy
*C. Syphilis
D. Tuberculosis
E. Glanders

34. A patient who had been suffering for many years from bronchial asthma died from asphyxia. The histological examination of his
lungs revealed the following: much mucus with eosinophiles contents in the lumen of bronchioles and small bronci, sclerosis of
interalveolar septa, dilation of alveolar lumen. Which of the mechanisms of allergy development is it?

A. Granulomatosis
*B. Reagin
C. Cytotoxic
D. Cytolysis, caused by lymphocytes
E. Immunocomplex

35. Local lymphonodules enlarged near the infected wound. Increased amount of macrophages, lymphocytes, lymphatic follicles in
the cortical layer and large amount of plasma cells were revealed on histological examination. What process in the lymphatic nodules
represent these histological changes?

A. Innate insufficiency of the lymphoid tissue

B. Hypersensibility reaction
*C. Antigen stimulation
D. Acquired insufficiency of the lymphoid tissue
E. Tumour transformation

36. During the intraoperative biopsy of thyroid gland the histological examination revealed lymphoid structures with growth centers,
which were among the folliculi full of colloid. What disease was it?

A. Endemic goiter
B. Ridel's goiter
*C. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (lymphadenoid goiter)
D. Sporadic goiter
E. Thyrotoxicosis (Basedow's goiter)

37. The autopsy a 35-year-old man body revealed in the second segment of the right lung the focus of carnification, which was 5 cm
in diametre and was enclosed in a thin capsule. The focus was a tough dry friable tissue with a dim surface. What disease are such
morphological changes typical for?

A. Chondroma
B. Postinflammatory pneumosclerosis
C. Tumorous form of silicosis
D. Lung cancer
*E. Tuberculoma

38. The examination of skin biopsy of a patient with hemorrhage vasculitis revealed the next: the vessel wall was thickened,
homogenous, stained in yellow colour by means of picrofuchsin, PAS-positive. What pathologic process has developed in the vessels
walls?

A. Mucoid swelling
B. Lipidosis
C. Amyloidosis
*D. Fibrinoid swelling
E. Hyalinosis

39. A 46-year-old man on his head skin has got a little bulged out nevus pigmentosis of a dark colour which didn't trouble him. For
the last time the nevus began growing in size, a pain developed, the colour became black-brown; the palpation of it demonstrated a
node at its base. The histological examination of the removed tissue revealed spindle-shaped and polymorphic cells, the cytoplasm of
which contained the pigment of fulvous colour. What tumor is it about?

A. Hemangioma
B. Carcinoid
C Basalioma
D. Hematoma
*E. Melanoma

40. A patient with burn disease died due to progressive septicaemia. The autopsy in the anterior abdominal wall by means of
microscopic examination revealed diffuse infiltration of intermuscular spaces by segmentonuclear leukocytes, tissues edema and lysis
of muscular fibres. Determine the nature of the pathological process.

A. Necrosis
B. Catarrhal inflammation
C. Abscess
*D. Phlegmon
E. Diphtheritic inflammation

41. An autopsy has revealed that kidneys are enlarged, surface is large-granular because of multiple cavities with smooth wall, which
are filled with clear fluid. What kidney disease did the patient have?

A. Glomerulonephritis
B. Infarction
C. Necrotic nephrosis
D. Pyelonephritis
*E. Polycystic kidney

42. A patient died from acute cardiac insufficiency. The histological examination of his heart revealed the necrotized section in
myocardium of the left ventricle, which was separated from undamaged tissue by the zone of hyperimic vessels, small hemorrhages
and leukocytic infiltration. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Myocardial ischemic dystrophy
*B. Myocardial infarction
C. Focal exudate myocarditis
D. Productive myocarditis
E. Diffuse exudate myocarditis

43. A 40-year-old woman has had a feeling of abdominal discomfort for the past 8 months. On pelvic examination, there is the right
adnexal mass. Abdominal CT scan demonstrates a 7 cm cystic mass involving the right ovary with small areas of calcification. The
uterus is normal in size. The right fallopian tube and ovary have been removed surgically. Grossly, the mass on sectioning is filled
with abundant hair and sebum. Microscopically, the mass has glandular spaces lined by columnar epithelium, squamous epithelium
with hair follicles, cartilage, and dense connective tissue. What type of tumour is it?

A. Melanoma
B. Squamous cell carcinoma of ovary
C. Sarcoma of ovary
D.Metastase of cervical carcinoma
*E. Teratoma

44. A 50-year-old man has felt vague abdominal discomfort within past 4 months. Physical examination revealed no
lymphadenopathy, and no abdominal masses or organomegaly at palpation. Bowel sounds are heard. An abdominal CT scan shows a
20 cm retroperitoneal soft tissue mass obscuring the left psoas muscle. A stool specimen tested for occult blood is negative. Which of
the following neoplasms is this man most likely to have?

A. Adenocarcinoma
B. Lipoma
*C. Hamartoma
D. Melanoma
E. Lymphoma

45. The pulmonalis embolism has suddenly developed in a 40 year-old patient with opened fracture of the hip. Choose the possible
kind of embolism.

A. Tissue
*B. Fat
C. Thrombus-embolus
D. Air
E. Foreign body

46. A patient has undergone an amputation of lower extremity. Some time later painful nodules appeared in a stump. Amputati-ous
neuromas were found out at the microscopic examination. To what pathological processes do those formations relate?

A. Hyperemia
B. Inflammation
*C. Regeneration
D. Dystrophy
E. Metaplasia

47. A 22-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of heavy nasal breathing. During the examination of her nasal
cavity the doctors found thickened mucous membrane, a lot of mucus and nodular infiltrates without erosions in the nose. The nasal
rhinoscleroma was diagnosed. The biopsy was taken. What typical morphological changes may be found?

*A. Granulomas with Mikulicz's cells

B. Granulomas with Langhan's cells
C. Interstitial inflammation
D. Granulomas with Virchow's cells
E. Granulomas with foreign body cells

48. A microscopic examination of the enlarged neck gland of a 14-year-old girl revealed destruction of the tissue structure of the
node, absence of the lymph follicles, sclerotic and necrosis parts. Cell constitution of the node is polymorphous, lymphocites,
eosinophiles, atypical cells of the large size with multiple-lobule nuclei (Beresovsky-Shternberg cells) and onenucleus large size cells
are observed. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Fungous mycosis
B. Acute lympholeucosis
*C. Lymphogranulomatous
D. Berkitt's lymphoma
E. Chronic lympholeucosis

49. An autopsy revealed large (1-2 cm) brownish-red, easy crumbling formations covering ulcerative defects on the external surface
of the aortic valve. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Diffusive endocarditis
*B. Polypus-ulcerative endocarditis
C. Fibroplastic endocarditis
D. Acute warty endocarditis
E. Recurrent warty endocarditis

50. A woman suffering from dysfunctional metrorrhagia was made a diagnostic abortion. Histologically in the scrape there were a lot
of small stamped glandulars covered with multirowed epithelium. The lumens of some glandulars were cystically extended. Choose
the variant of general pathologic process in the endometrium.

A. Metaplasia of endometrium
B. Atrophy of endometrium
C. Neoplasm of endometrium
*D. Glandular-cystic hyperplasia erfdometrium
E. Hypertrophic growth

51. For a long time a 49-year-old woman had suffered from glomerulonephritis which caused death. The autopsy revealed that the
size of her kidneys was 7x3x2,5 sm, weight 65,0 g, they were dense and small-grained. Microscopically: fibrinogenous inflammation
of serous and mucous capsules, dystrophic changes of parenchymatous organs, brain edema. What complication can cause such
changes of serous capsules and inner organs?

A. Thrombopenia
B. Sepsis
C. Anemia
D. DIC-syndrome
*E. Uraemia

52. A man died 8 days after the beginning of the disease. He was diagnosed with dysentery. At the autopsy it was found out a
thickened wall of the sigma and rectum, fibrinous membrane on the surface of mucous membrane. Histologically: there is a deep
necrosis of mucous membrane with infiltration of necrotic masses with fibrin. What kind of colitis does correspond to the changes?

A. Catarrhal
B. Chronic
C. Gangrenous
D. Ulcerative
*E. Diphtheritic

53. On autopsy a 35-year-old man the focus of carnification 5 cm in diametre enclosed in a thin capsule was revealed in the second
segment of the right lung. The focus consists of a tough dry friable tissue with a dim surface. For what disease are these
morphological changes typical?

A. Postinflammatory pneumosclerosis
*B. Tuberculoma
C. Tumorous form of silicosis
D. Chondroma
E. Lung cancer

54. A 59-year-old man has symptoms of parenchymatous jaundice and portal hypertension. Histological examination of the puncture
of the liver bioptate has revealed an affected beam-lobule structure, part of hepatocytes has signs of fat dystrophy, port-portal
connective tissue septa with formation of pseudo-lobules, with periportal lympho-macrophage infiltrations. What is the most probable
diagnosis?

*A. Liver cirrhosis

B. Viral hepatitis
C. Alcohol hepatitis
D. Toxic dystrophy
E. Chronic hepatosis

55. A patient died 3 days after the operation because of perforated colon with manifestations of diffuse purulent peritonitis. The
autopsy revealed: colon mucos membrane was thickened and covered with a fibrin film, isolated ulcers penetrated at different depth.
The histology result: mucous membrane necrosis, leukocytes infiltration with hemorrhages focuses. What disease complication
caused the patient's death?
A. Nonspecific ulcerative colitis
B. Typhoid
C. Crohn's disease
D. Dysentery
*E. Amebiasis

56. Autopsy of a man who died from chronic cardiacvascular collapse revealed "tiger heart". Sidewards of endocardium a yellowish-
white banding can be seen; myocardium is dull, dark-yellow. What process caused this pathology?

A. Carbohydrate degeneration
*B. Fatty parenchymatous degeneration
C. Fatty vascular-stromal degeneration
D. Hyaline degeneration
E. Amyloidosis
57. Autopsy of a 46-year-old man revealed multiple brown-and-green layers and hemmorhages on the mucous membrane of rectum
and sigmoid colon; slime and some blood in colon lumen; histologically - fibrinous colitis. In course of bacteriological analysis of
colon contents S.Sonne were found. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A. Salmonellosis
*B. Dysentery
C. Cholera
D. Yersiniosis
E. Crohn's disease

58. An autopsy revealed large (1-2 cm) brownish-red, easy crumbling formations covering ulcerative defects on the external surface
of the aortic valve. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Diffusive endocarditis
B. Fibroplastic endocarditis
C. Acute verrucous endocarditis
D. Recurrent warty endocarditis
*E. Polypous-ulcerative endocarditis

59. A patient has undergone an amputation of lower extremity. Some time later painful nodules appeared in a stump. Amputatious
neuromas were found out at the microscopic examination. To what pathological processes do those formations relate?

*A. Regeneration
B. Hyperemia
C. Inflammation
D. Dystrophy
E. Metaplasia

60. A patient suffering from thrombophlebitis of the deep crural veins suddenly died. Autopsy has shown freely lying red friable
masses with dim crimped surface in the trunk and bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. What pathologic process was revealed by
morbid anatomist?

A. Embolism with foreign body

B. Thrombosis
C. Fat embolism
*D. Trornboembolism
E. Tissue embolism

61. Diagnostic scraping was performed to the woman with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Multiple convoluted glands, ganglially
dilated lumens of some glands were revealed histologically in the scrape. Name the type of general pathological process in
endometry:

A. Hypertrophic excrescence
B. Atrophy
*C.Hyperplasia glandulocystica
D. Displasia
E. Metaplasia

62. Donor skin transplantation was performed to a patient with extensive burns. On the 8-th day the graft became swollen and
changed colour; on the 11-th day graft rejection started. What cells take part in this process?

A. Eosinophils
 B. Erythrocytes
*C. T-lymphocytes
D. B-lymphocytes
E. Basophil

63. Autopsy revealed that right lung is enlarged, solid, there are fibrin layers on the pleura. Lung tissue is light grey color on incision
with muddy liqued exudates. What lung disease are these symptoms typical for?

A. Interstitial pneumonia
B. Bronchopneumonia
C. Pulmonary gangrene
D. Fibrosing alveolitis
*E. Croupous pneumonia

64. The pulmonalis embolism has suddenly developed in a 40-year-old patient with opened fracture of the hip. Choose the possible
kind of embolism:

A. Tissue
B. Foreign body
C. Thrombus-embolus
*D. Fat

65. A 39-year-old woman has madescence in the region of mammilla, a small ulcer with inflammatory hyperemia and cutaneous
edema. Histologic examination of tissue sampling from this area revealed in the malpighian layer of thickened epidermis atypical cells
with light and optically empty cytoplasm, with no intracellular bridges. Such cells were also found in the orifice of big mammal gland
ducts. What is the most probable diagnosis?

*A. Paget's disease

B.lntraductal cancer
C. Melanocarcinoma
D. Basal cell carcinoma
E. Epidermoid cancer

66. Tuberculine was introduced intracutaneously to the child for tuberculin test. Marked hyperemia, tissue infiltration developed on
the place of injection in 24 hours. What mechanism caused these modifications?

*A. Cell cytotoxity

B. Granuloma formation
C. Antibody cytotoxity
D. Reagin type cytotoxity
E. Immunocomplex cytotoxity

67. A 38-year-old patient died during intractable attack of bronchial asthma. Histologic examination revealed mucus accumulation in
bronchial lumen, a lot of fat cells (labrocytes) in the wall of bronches, many of them are in the state of degranulation, there are also a
lot of eosinophils. What pathogenesis of bronchial changes is it?

A. Granulomatosis
*B. Atopy
C. Cellular cytolysis
D. Immunocomplex mechanism
E. Cytotoxic, cytolytic action of antibodies

68. Necrosis focus appeared in the area of hyperemia and skin edema in few hours after burn. What mechanism strengthens
destructive effect in the inflammation area?

A. Diapedesis of erythrocytes
B. Proliferation of fibroblasts
C. Emigration of lymphocytes
*D. Secondary alteration
E. Primary alteration

69. On autopsy it was revealed: pia mater of the upper parts of cerebral hemisphere is plethoric, of yellowish-green color, soaked with
purulent and fibrose exudate, looks like a cap. What disease is it typical for?

A. Grippal meningitis
B. Tuberculous meningitis
C. Meningitis connected with anthrax
*D. Meningococcal meningitis
E. Meningitis connected with typhus

70. An 18-year-old patient has enlarged inguinal lymphnodes, they are painless, thickened on palpation. In the area of genital mucous
membrane there is a small-sized ulcer with thickened edges and "laquer" bottom of greyish colour. What is the most probable
diagnosis?

A. Lepra
B. Gonorrhea
C Trophic ulcer
*D. Syphilis
E. Tuberculosis

71. A patient with thrombophlebitis of lower extremities had got chest pains, blood spitting, growing respiratory failure that caused
his death. Autopsy revealed multiple pulmonary infarctions. What is the most probable reason of their development?

A. Bronchial artery thrombosis

B. Pulmonary artery thrombosis
*C. Pulmonary artery embolism
D. Bronchial artery embolism
E. Pulmonary venous thrombosis

72. A 46-year-old man complains of difficulties with nasal breathing. Mikulicz's cells, ccumulation of epithelioid cells, plasmocytes,
lymphocytes, hyaline balls were discovered in the biopsy material of the thickened nasal mucosa. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Rhinovirus infection
B. Virus rhinitis
C. Allergic rhinitis
*D. Scleroma
E. Meningococcal nasopharyngitis

73. Examination of cell culture got from a patient with lysosomal pathology revealed accumulation of great quantity of lipids in the
lysosomes. What of the following diseases is this disturbance typical for?

A. Gout
B. Phenylketonuria
C. Wilson disease
*D. Tay-Sachs disease
E. Galactosemia

75. Mucous membrane of the right palatine tonsil has a painless ulcer with smooth lacquer fundus and regular cartilagenous edges.
Microscopically: inflammatory infiltration that consists of lymphocytes, plasmocytes, a small number of neutrophils and epithelioid
cells; endovasculitis and perivasculitis. What disease is it?

A. Ulcerous necrotic Vincent's angina

*B. Syphilis
C. Tuberculosis
D. Pharyngeal diphtheria
E. Actinomycosis

76. 6 months after delivery a woman had uterine bleeding. Gynecological examination revealed in the uterine cavity a dark-red tissue
with multiple cavities that resembled of "sponge". Microscopic examination of the tumour revealed some atypic light epithelial
Langhans cells and giant cells of cyncytiotrophoblast in blood lacunas. What tumour is it?

A. Vesicular mole
B. Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma
C. Fibromyoma
*D. Chorioepithelioma
E. Adenocarcinoma

77. A 9 m.o. child has delayed dentition, it is also out of order. Upper jaw configuration is horizontal ("high"palate); microscopically -
irregular mineralization of tooth enamel, wrinkled enamel prisms, some of them are vacuolized. Predentin zone is extended; there are
solitary denticles. What disease is it?

A. Osteomalacia
B. Early rickets
C. Hypervitaminosis D
*D. Late rickets
E. Gout

78. A patient ill with diabetes mellitus felt acute pain in his right foot. Objectively: foot thumb is black, foot tissues are edematous,
there are foci of epidermis desquamation, stinking discharges. What clinicopathological form of necrosis is it?

A. Sequestrum
B. Bedsore
*C. Moist gangrene
D. Infarction
E. Dry gangrene

79. Autopsy of a 48 y.o. man revealed a round formation 5 cm in diameter with clear-cut outlines in the region of the 1st segment of
his right lung. This formation was encircled with a thin layer of connective tissue full of white brittle masses. Make a diagnosis of the
secondary tuberculosis form:

A. Acute focal tuberculosis

*B. Tuberculoma
C. Fibrous cavernous tuberculosis
D. Caseous pneumonia
E. Acute cavernous tuberculosis

80. A patient died under conditions of cardiovascular insufficiency. Autopsy results: postinfarction cardiosclerosis, myocardium
hypertrophy and dilatation of its cavities, especially of its right ventricle. Liver is enlarged, its surface is smooth, incision revealed
that it was plethoric, with dark-red specks against the background of brownish tissue. Histologically: plethora of central parts of
lobules; peritheral parts around portal tracts contain hepatocytes in a state of adipose degeneration. How are these liver changes
called?
A. Liver cirrhosis
B. Amyloidosis
C. Liver steatosis
*D. Nutmeg liver
E. Pseudonutmeg liver

81. Microscopical renal examination of a 36 y.o. woman who died from renal insufficiency revealed in the glomerules proliferation of
capsule nephrothelium as well as of podocytes and phagocytes accompanied by formation of "crescents", capillary loop necrosis,
fibrinous thrombs in their lumens; sclerosis and hyalinosis of glomerules, atrophy of tubules and fibrosis of renal stroma. What is the
most probable diagnosis?
A. Focal segmentary sclerosis
B. Acute glomerulonephritis
*C. Chronic glomerulonephritis
D. Subacute glomerulonephritis
E. Membranous nephropathy

82. Analysis of a punction biopsy material of liver revealed hepatocyte dystrophy with necroses as well as sclerosis with disorder of
beam and lobulus structure, with formation of pseudolobules and regenerative nodes. What is the most probable diagnosis:

A. Acute hepatitis
*B. Liver cirrhosis
C. Progressive massive liver necrosis
D. Chronic hepatitis
E. Chronic hepatosis

83. Microscopical examination of a removed appendix revealed an edema, diffuse neutrophilic infiltration of appendix wall along
with necrosis and defect of mucous membrane with affection of its muscle plate. What appendicitis form was developed?

A. Apostematous
B. Phlegmonous
C. Gangrenous
D. Superficial
*E. Ulcerophlegmonous

84. A 39 y.o. woman went through an operation in course of which surgeons removed her uterine tube that was enlarged and a part of
an ovary with a big cyst. Histological examination of a tube wall revealed decidual cells, chorion villi. What was the most probable
diagnosis made after examination of the uterine tube?

A. Papyraceous fetus
B. Placental polyp
C. Choriocarcinoma
*D. TubaI pregnancy
E. Lithopedion
85. A forensic medical expert examines the body of a 58 y.o. man who had been consuming large amounts of alcochol for a long time
and died at home. Microscopicaly: the right lung is dense and enlarged, its incision revealed that the tissue is greyish and
homogenous, pleura is covered with greyish layers. Microscopically - alveolar cavities contain fibrin, hemolyzed erythrocytes. Make
a diagnosis:

A. Interstitial pneumonia
*B. Croupous pneumonia
C. Primary pulmonary tuberculosis
D. Focal pneumonia
E. Caseous pneumonia

86. Autopsy of a man who died from chronic cardiovascular collapse revealed "tiger heart". Sidewards of endocardium a yellowish-
white banding can be seen; myocardium is dull, dark-yellow. What process caused this pathology?

A. Carbohydrate degeneration
B. Hyaline degeneration
C. Fatty vascular-stromal degeneration
D. Amyloidosis
*E. Fatty parenchymatous degeneration

87. Autopsy of a man who died from influenza revealed that his heart was slightly enlarged, pastous, myocardium was dull and had
specks. Microscopical examination of myocardium revealed signs of parenchymatous adipose and hydropic dystrophy; stroma was
edematic with poor macrophagal and lymphocytic infiltration, vessels were plethoric; perivascular analysis revealed petechial
hemorrhages. What type of myocarditis was developed in this case?

A. Interstitial proliferative
*B. Serous diffuse
C. Granulomatous
D. Serous focal
E. Purulent

88. Histological examination of a 40 y.o. man's thymus revealed decreased share of parenchymatous gland elements, increased share
of adipose and loose connective tissue, its enrichment with thymus bodies. The organ's mass was unchanged. What phenomenon is it?

*A. Age involution

B. Hypotrophy
C. Dystrophy
D. Atrophy
E. Accidental involution

89. Examination of coronary arteries revealed atherosclerotic calcific plaques that close vessel lumen by 1/3. The muscle has multiple
whitish layers of connective tissue. What process was revealed in myocardium?

A. Tiger heart
B. Postinfarction cardiosclerosis
C. Myocarditis
*D. Diffuse cardiosclerosis
E. Myocardium infarction

90. Colonoscopy of a patient ill with dysentery revealed that mucous membrane of his large intestine is hyperemic, edematic, its
surface was covered with grey-and-green coats. Name the morphological form of dysenteric collitis:

A. Ulcerous
B. Purulent
*C. Fibrinous
D. Necrotic
E. Catarrhal

91. 48 hours after performing tuberculin test (Mantoux test) to a child a 10 mm papule appeared on the spot of tuberculin introduction.
What hypersensitivity mechanism underlies these changes?

A. Granulomatosis
B. Immune complex cytotoxicity
*C. Cellular cytotoxicity
D. Anaphylaxis
E. Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity

92. Autopsy of a 56 y.o. man revealed in the right temporal part of brain a big focus of softened grey matter that was semi-liquid and
light grey. Arteries of cerebral tela contain multiple whitish-yellow thickenings of intima that abruptly narrow the lumen. What is
your diagnosis?

A. Brain edema
*B. Ischemic stroke
C. Hemorrhagic infarction
D. Brain abscess
E. Hemorrhage

93. Inflammation of a patient's eye was accompained by accumulation of turbid liquid with high protein at the bottom of anterior
chamber that was called hypopyon. What process underlies the changes under observation?

A. Secondary alteration
*B. Disturbance of microcirculation
C. Proliferation
D. Primary alteration
E. -

94. Autopsy of a patient who suffered from croupous pneumonia and died from pneumococcal sepsis revealed 900 ml of turbid
greenish-yellow liquid in the right pleural cavity. Pleural leaves are dull, plephoric. Name the clinicopathological form of
inflammation in the pleural cavity:

A. Chronic abscess
B. Fibrinous inflammation
*C. Empyema
D. Acute abscess
E. Phlegmon