Z-80, fabricado pela Zilog, é um processador de 3º
geração, o qual possui ótimos recursos, e pode ser
utilizado de maneiras infindáveis. Considerado como um processador de 3º geração, o Z-80, utilizado nos computadores da família TK, vídeo game GENESIS, e atualmente, também transferido para as tecnologias de DSPs da ZILOG, é um excelente processador. Sua arquitetura é muito pratica. O microprocessador Z80 é uma CPU de 8 bits com barramento de endereços de 16 bits, capaz de endereçar diretamente 64KB de memória. Ele tem uma linguagem de 252 instruções de base e com 4 bytes reservados como prefixos, acessando adicionalmente 308 instruções. O Z-80 foi criado após o 8088 e contem as 78 - 8088 opcodes como uma sub-base para sua linguagem. A sua estrutura contem um acumulador, e 6 registradores de 8 bits que podem ser configurados como 3 registradores de 16bits. Em adição aos registradores gerais, um ponteiro ponteiro de pilha, um contador de programa e 2 registradores de índices (ponteiros de memória) são providos no processador. Enquanto como na maioria dos sistema como o 80486 ou 68000 series, o Z80 é extremamente pratico para pequenas aplicações de controle. O que o torna o Z80 mais prático ainda na construção de circuitos, é o sistema de refresh automático para memórias DRAMs, o que facilita em muito o seu uso. O processador Z80 na sua estrutura básica é construído em um invólucro DIP de 40 pinos. É fabricado em modelos A, B e C, diferindo-se somente em sua máxima freqüência de trabalho (do seu clock). Ele também é fabricado em configurações de microcontrolador com varias configurações de RAM e EPROM internos. Pino # Sinal (Ativo em nível alto) 1 A11 2 A12 3 A13 {Address bus} 4 A14 5 A15 6 CLK (clock, rising edge trig) 7 D4 8 D3 9 D5 {Data bus} 10 D6 11 +5 VDC 12 D2 13 D7 14 D0 15 D1 16 INT (Interupt Request) 17 NMI (Non-maskable Interupt Request) 18 HALT (Active low) 19 MREQ (Memory Request, active low) 20 IORQ (I/O Request, active low) 21 RD (Read, active low) 22 WR (Write, active low) 23 BUSAK Bus Request Acknowloegmnet, active low) 24 WAIT 25 BUSRQ (Bus Request) 26 RESET 27 MI (Maskable interupt, active low). 28 REFSH (Refresh timing, active low) 29 GND 30 A0 31 A1 32 A2 33 A3 34 A4 35 A5 36 A6 37 A7 38 A8 39 A9 Max. Clock Speed: Z80 - 2.5MHz, Z80A - 4MHz
Power Requirements: Z80 - 5V@60mA, Z80A -
5V@90mA
Operating Temp: 0 - 70 deg C.
Min. Instruction time: 1uS (@4MHz)
Max. Instruction time: 5.75uS (@4MHz)
No. of Instructions: 158 (78 instructions of 8088
are a subset)
Internal Registers: 14
Stack: RAM Z80Stealth Spectrum emulator v0.024 by Kolpakov Kirill PLEASE READ THIS DOC CAREFULLY BEFORE RUNNING EMULATOR THANKS FOR YOUR INTEREST IN MY WORK
Z80Stealth is the Speccy emulator for DOS but it works OK
under Win98. Main goal is to emulate Speccy's hardware as close as possible. To be exact - perfect z80 cpu emulation is the main task right now. Low-level TAPE support, TRDOS and sound support will be added lately. It supports two popular snapshot formats - Z80 and SNA (both 48k and 128k). I'm optimizing it almost everyday so future versions will be faster and with more features. P100 is the minimal cpu for this version.
2. Features.
- Spectrum 128 emulation.
- Pentagon emulation (no disk emulation yet). - Z80 cpu emulation using my own code. All documented and undocumented flags and opcodes. - Compability: almost everything works ok - Interrupt modes 0,1,2. - Register R emulation. - Shadow screen support. - Kempston joystick emulation (arrow keys and CTRL). - Supports SNA and Z80(all versions) snapshot formats - Speed adjustment (not autodetection!). You can set emu's speed according to your preferences. - Save BMP screenshots (F8)
3. System requirements
- CPU: P100 is required for usable speed.
- Video: Any VGA compatible card. - Sound: Any card right now :) cause sound core is not finished. - Memory: 256 megs i think. Just joking :)) This will work with almost every amount of memory. - OS: DOS,Win95,Win98.
4. Whats new.
16/08/99 v0.024 - Save BMP screenshots (F8). - Fixed: BRIGHT RED color. - Fixed: loading snapshot files with Read-only attribute. - A lot of asm optimisations in the cpu emulation core. You will notice that speed increased if you set MAXSPEED=YES in z80s.cfg. - Optimized screen update procedure a bit (removed two instructions from the plot drawing part of screen update procedure) - Exe linked with dynamic libraries -> size decreased - Exe packed with new exe packer
19/07/99 v0.023 - Bugfix: potential crash with old CPUs not supporting RDTSC instruction.
12/07/99 v0.022 - Speed adjustment added! Look at z80s.cfg - there's two new options: CPU_SPEED=xxx (your cpu speed in Mhz) and MAXSPEED=YES|NO. Don't forget to edit these values after reading this. - Small bugfix in z80 snapshot loading routine.
05/07/99 v0.021 - Bugfix: several games (for example Chronos 128) now work.
01/07/99 v0.020 This is a big update:
- 128K and Pentagon emulation. - Few cpu core fixes. - CAPS SHIFT and GRAPH keys are emulated. - Kempston at port #DF. - More compability - now almost everything works ok. - New section in this doc - System requirements. - Changes in config file - take a look.
25/05/99 v0.017 - Bugfix: Joe Blade 2 now works.
21/05/99 v0.016 - Fixed some cpu emulation routines - a lot of games now work (for example Elite, 3 Weeks in paradise). - Kempston joystick via keyboard(arrows+CTRL) implemented. - Optimized screen routine a little. - Added Know problems section in this doc.
16/05/99 v0.015 - Fixed DAA instruction - now time counter Spy Hunter works.
14/05/99 v0.014 - Fixed crash under real DOS. - Fixed big slowdown in Win98 which occasionally happened. - Added config file - z80s.cfg.
12/05/99 v0.013 - Fixed keyboard emulation - now int9 in protected mode handles everything. - Cursor keys now working. - S**t happened-this version crashes under DOS but works perfectly under Win98:)).
09/05/99 v0.012 - Rewrote screen update procedure - now it's asm only - Some cpu emulation speedups.
07/05/99 v0.011 - Everything 'cause it's the first public version.
5. Usage. In current version you can work in 128/48K Basic ( just run z80s.exe ) or load a game snapshot - type in command prompt something like this: z80s cobra.sna. F8 - Save BMP screensot. F10 - Exit. On exit (F10) emulator writes snapshot (dump.sna) and dump of screen memory (dump.scr). About config file:
CPU_SPEED=xxx (xxx=100..9999 - it's your CPU's speed in Mhz)
MAXSPEED=YES|NO If NO selected then emu will work at
normal Speccy speed. YES is a must setting for CPUs slower than Pentium 100.
FRAMERATE=x (x=1..9) if x=1 then there's no frameskipping,
if x=2 then every second frame is drawn etc. Default value is 2.
MODEL=128K|PENT choose standart 128K machine or Pentagon
emulation.
6. Know problems - palette is messed up when using some S3-Trio64 PCI cards (possible solution - buy a newer card :) If you know why this happens please mail me and explain.
7. Future plans.
- Finish Pentagon emulation.
- TAP loading. - Scorpion emulation. - Graphic User Interface. - Music and sound support. - More compability. - 256Kb,512Kb,1M of memory (no joke - russian spectrums have this (or even more when using SIMMs) amount of memory) - A lot of other small things and bugfixes.
8. Greetings/Thanks.
My Family - thanks for all. I love you.
Sean Young - thanks a lot for your docs about z80 Martin van der Heide - World of Spectrum is the best James McKay - author of one of the best speccy emulator - X128. Raul Gomez Sanchez - another great emulator author. K.Uglekov - wrote best speccy emulator/debugger. Oleg Prokhorov - thanks for 32lite.exe. One of the best dos32 exe packer. Eugene Roshal - wrote FAR - best Win32 file manager.
