IEEE 802.

16 Broadband Wireless Access

Working Group

Simulating the SUI Channel Models

Li-Chun Wang (王蒞君)
lichun@cc.nctu.edu.tw
Department of Communications Engineering
National Chiao Tung University
Hsinchu,Taiwan

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 1

Taiwan
IEEE 802.16a: PHY Block Diagram

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 2

Taiwan
Fixed Broadband Wireless Channels(1/2)

‰ Cells are less than 10 km in radius

‰ Rooftop or window installed Omni-directional
‰ antennas (2-10m) at the receiver
‰ 15-40 m base station antennas
‰ Variety of terrain and tree density types
‰ The level crossing rate (LCR) and average
duration of fade (ADF) functions are
commonly used for examining the combined
effect of fade distribution and Doppler
spectrum.
Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 3
Taiwan
Fixed Broadband Wireless Channels(2/2)

‰ Terrain categories
¾ Type A: Hilly/heavy tree density (SUI-5, SUI-6)
¾ Type B: moderate tree density (SUI-3, SUI-4)
¾ Type C: Flat/Light tree density (SUI-1, SUI-2)

‰ Stanford University Interim (SUI) Models

¾ Set of 6 channels for terrain types

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 4

Taiwan
802.11a PHY Simulations

AWGN channel Least challenging. Similar to pure line of sight (LOS).

HIPERLAN/2 Channel 1 Multi-path 9-tap Raleigh fading model with delay spread up
(modified) to the 0.4usec OFDM guard time. Challenging indoor office
channel model (NLOS) with short delay spread.

802.16 SUI-1 Multi-path 3 tap mixed raleigh and LOS fading model. First
tap has strong LOS component, others pure raleigh. Short
delay spread up to 0.9usec. Models a good LOS outdoor
channel. Some signal energy exceeds OFDM guard time.

802.16 SUI-5 Multi-path 3-tap rayleigh fading model with delay spread up
to 10usec. This is challenging non-LOS outdoor channel.
10usec maximum delay spread exceeds 802.11a OFDM guard
time significantly.

Other SISO channel Easy to implement other channel models. Define the taps,
models their relative powers, and distribution (fixed, raleigh, rician).

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 5

Taiwan
SUI-3 channel model definition

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 6

Taiwan
 Multipath in SUI Channel Models
¾ 3 taps used to model multipath
¾ Each tap delay: 0-20 µs

¾ RMS delay spread

(στ ): 0.1-5.2 µs

¾ Example of SUI-6
στ = 5.2 µs
¾ When OFDM symbol duration
Ts ≅ 32 µs
(FFT=256,CP=1/4,BW=10MHz)
¾ Ts < 10 στ
¾ Frequency selective fading

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 7

Taiwan
 SUI Power Distribution

m is the complex constant, σ the variance of the

complex Gaussian set.

Î The power ratio

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 8

Taiwan
 Doppler Spread in SUI Channel Models
¾ Doppler frequency
fm ≅ 1 Hz
(Measurements at 2.4 GHz)

¾ Coherence time
Tc ≅ 0.4/fm ≅ 0.4 (sec)

¾ Slow fading
TS << Tc
The power spectral density (PSD)
given by:

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 9

Taiwan
SUI-6 Channel Fading Plot

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 10

Taiwan
Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 11
Taiwan
CDF of channel power
(N=200000, OR=4Hz)

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 12

Taiwan
 Antenna Correlation (1/2)
The received baseband signals are modeled as two complex
random processes X(t) and Y(t) with an envelope correlation
coefficient of :

In the general case of frequency selective

where L is the number of taps, gl(t) are the time-varying tap

coefficients and τ l are the tap delays.

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 13

Taiwan
 Antenna Correlation (2/2)
the correlation coefficient between two receive signals r1(t) and r2(t):

The antenna correlation coefficient becomes:

where ρl are the correlation coefficients between each of the

3 pairs of taps g1l(t) and g2l(t):

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 14

Taiwan
Level Crossing Rates (LCR)

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 15

Taiwan
Average Duration of Fades (ADF)

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 16

Taiwan
 ou !
n k y
T h a

Wireless Network Lab, NCTU, 17

Taiwan