Dr.

Norma Salceda

First trimester
* Complete blood count (CBC)
* Blood type
* General antibody screen (indirect Coombs test) for HDN
*Rh D negative antenatal patients should receive RhoGam at 28 weeks to prevent Rh
disease.
* Rapid plasma reagent (RPR) which screens for syphilis
* Rubella antibody screen
* Hepatitis B surface antigen
* Gonorrhea and Chlamydia culture
* PPD for tuberculosis
* Pap smear
* Urinalysis and culture
* HIV screen
* Group B Streptococcus screen – will receive IV penicillin or ampicillin (it is much
cheaper and has a wider coverage)if positive (if mother is allergic, alternative therapies
include IV clindamycin or IV vancomycin)

Norma Salceda MD Home:Antenatal record

On the first visit to her obstetrician or midwife, the pregnant woman is asked to carry out
the antenatal record, which constitutes a medical history and physical examination. On
subsequent visits, the gestational age (GA) is rechecked with each visit.

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Other tools used for assessment include:

* Fetal karyotype can be used for the screening of genetic diseases. This can be obtained
via amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
* Fetal hematocrit for the assessment of fetal anemia, Rh isoimmunization, or hydrops
can be determined by percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS) which is done by
placing a needle through the abdomen into the uterus and taking a portion of the
umbilical cord.
* Fetal lung maturity is associated with how much surfactant the fetus is producing.
Reduced production of surfactant indicates decreased lung maturity and is a high risk
factor for infant respiratory distress syndrome. Typically a lecithin:sphingomyelin ratio
greater than 1.5 is associated with increased lung maturity.
* Nonstress test (NST) for fetal heart rate
* Oxytocin challenge test

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Therapies
As with all surgical specialties, gynaecologists may employ medical or surgical therapies
(or many times, both), depending on the exact nature of the problem that they are
treating. Pre- and post-operative medical management will often employ many standard
drug therapies, such as antibiotics, diuretics, antihypertensives, and antiemetics.
Additionally, gynaecologists make frequent use of specialized hormone-modulating
therapies (such as Clomifene citrate and hormonal contraception) to treat disorders of the
female genital tract that are responsive to pituitary and/or gonadal signals.
For lists of gynaecological drugs (by the ATC classification system), see ATC code G01
and ATC code G02.
Norma Salceda MD
Journals whose scope specifically is within any of the subspecialties of obstetrics and
gynaecology are listed in the main articles of these.
In addition, journals with more specific scope, yet not specific to any of the main
subspecialties of obstetrics and gynaecology include:
* Placenta, the official journal of The International Federation of Placenta Associations

In rural areas of the United States, particularly in areas west of the Mississippi River, it is
not uncommon for general practitioners to offer obstetrical services to their patients.
However, these generalists are most often not trained in the surgical aspects of obstetrics,
nor have they been trained in gynaecology, and as such, they should not be confused with
residency-trained and board-certified OB/GYNs.

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