EU Case Studies

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eu
ecologic e
Stakeholder Participation and

S t i bl Development
Sustainable D l t Strategies
St t i -
practical examples of the European
experience
i
Doris Knoblauch
Ecologic Institute, Berlin
www.ecologic.eu
ecologic e
Contents
Introduction
C
Case St
Studies
di
Germany
Belgium
Norway
Slovenia
UK
C
Conclusions
l i
16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 2

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Introduction
P
Presentation
t ti off project
j t results
lt (selection)
( l ti ) “Refinement
“R fi t off the
th
(German) sustainable development strategy and stakeholder dialogue”
Together with RIMAS
01 12 2007 until 28.02.2009

Duration: 01.12.2007 28 02 2009

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Germany – Basics
Time frame: Nov. 2007–Oct. 2008 (11 months)
T
Type: P
Progress reportt 2008 to
t the
th NSDS
Responsibility: Federal Chancellor’s Office

(Bundeskanzleramt)/Federal Press Office (Bundespresseamt)
Stakeholders involved: Stakeholders and experts concerned with SD
Participatory Mechanisms: Workshops, written comments to the draft

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Germany – Process Description

Consultation paper => comments
D ft reportt =>
Draft > comments
t
3 Workshops => participants
Additional Events:
Conference by the German Council for Sustainable Development
Parliamentary Evening by 3 big environmental NGOs

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Germany – Output/Outcome
Output
B i d
Basic documentation
t ti off stakeholder
t k h ld iinvolvement
l t
Overall: rather little output
Outcome
A 4th major priority was added to the report (“Feeding

( Feeding the world”)
world )
The text was slightly adapted

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Germany – Summary
Process already improved but still room for further improvement
2 phases of consultation are positive
Dialogue orientation is difficult in Germany
Stakeholders were rather critical with the process

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Belgium – Basics
Time frame: 5 months during 2004 and 2008
T
Type: P ti i t
Participatory processes for
f the
th revised
i d PFDD
Responsibility: Ministry of Environment; PODDO for the second and

third consultation process; CIDD for the drafting of the PFDD
Stakeholders involved: Stakeholder groups interested in SD

SD, general
public
Participatory Mechanisms: Responses to questions in PFDD draft,

Workshops

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Belgium – Process Description

Consultation document => (874 participants in 2004 and
350 p
participants
p in 2008))
Mini-Workshops (2004)
Conference aiming at the general public (2008, 100-200 stakeholders)
Government Experts speak at events (self-organised

(self organised by stakeholders)
=> PFDD is renewed every 4 yrs. accompanied by a consultation process

highly regulated by law

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Belgium – Output/Outcome
Output
A summary off the

th consultation
lt ti process for
f each
h plan
l can always
l b
be
found in the year-reports of the ICDD and of PODDO
Annual Report of CIDD concerning implementation
Outcome
2004: The text was adapted
2008: The text was only slightly adapted

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Belgium – Summary
Process is highly regulated with a sophisticated system to

evaluate stakeholder input
A pitfall in BE is certainly the political instability
Stakeholders were rather satisfied with the process in 2004, but

rather critical in 2008

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Norway – Basics
Time frame: June 2006–Oct. 2007 (16 months)
T
Type: P
Preparation
ti off the
th renewed
d NSDS
Responsibility: Norway’s SD secretariat (at the Ministry of Finance), in

close cooperation with other ministries
Stakeholders general public

Stakeholders involved: Stakeholders,
Participatory Mechanisms: Peer review, consultation of experts,

seminar, hearings, public consultation

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Norway – Process Description

Broad hearing through web-based consultation
E i ti NSDS & iindicators

Existing di t =>
> 46 institutions
i tit ti
commented
Draft strategy
Additional Activities:
Peer Review
Meeting Place
Committee of State Secretaries

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Norway – Output/Outcome
Output
P
Peer Review
R i R
Reportt
Reports published (online) for every participation element (only in

Norwegian)
Outcome
Informal institutionalization of dialogue (Meeting Place)
The text was adapted

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Norway – Summary
Ministry of Finance is in charge and very open for new methods

=> process is not formalized
Real and continued dialogue with stakeholders leads to overall

ti f ti off process
satisfaction
No regular
g p
process

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Slovenia – Basics
Time frame: March 2008–July 2008 (4 months)
T
Type: S
Scenario
i development
d l t
Responsibility: Slovenian Government Office for Growth
Stakeholders involved: Stakeholder groups and experts from gov.

institutions scientists
institutions, scientists, business representatives
representatives, trade unions
unions, NGOs
and the media
Participatory Mechanisms: External facilitated workshop; interviews

with opinion leaders; internet blog; written feedback round

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Slovenia – Process Description

Interviews with opinion leaders
S
Scenario
i building
b ildi workshop
k h
Questions on internet blog => 32 selected p

participants
p
Written feedback round
High-level workshop with ministers & political leaders

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Slovenia – Output/Outcome
Output
D
Documentation
t ti off th
the scenario
i bbuilding
ildi workshop
k h
Outcome
3 scenarios
Consultation process is launched

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Slovenia – Summary
Newcomer concerning consultation
Informal character of workshop was positive => participants

could freely express themselves
Overall satisfaction with process

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UK – Basics
Time frame: August 2003 – March 2005 (19 months)
T
Type: P ti i t
Participatory process for
f renewed
d NSDS
Responsibility: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

(Defra)
Stakeholders involved: Stakeholder groups and experts dealing with SD
Participatory Mechanisms: Workshops with experts at different

governance levels, written feedback rounds, cross-government-
governance

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UK – Process Description
Web-based consultation process (written feedback round on draft
NSDS)) => 845 comments
23 themed events by different organisations (partially funded by Defra),

focusing on particular parts of the NSDS & 2 events addressing SD in
general => 500 participants
Regional workshops => 1,000 participants & activities (e.g. surveys)

=> 757 respondents
Local discussions => 240 individuals & 147 community groups
Programme Board (intergovernmental consultation)

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UK – Output/Outcome
Output
D t il d documentation
Detailed d t ti and
d evaluation
l ti off the
th consultation
lt ti process
Outcome
Priorities were changed, terms were adapted

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UK – Summary
A huge consultation process (and expensive)!
The only one that is really vertically integrated.
Very good documentation of process.
However, no systematic evaluation of stakeholders’ inputs.

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Overview of Case Studies

DE BE NOR SLO UK
Coord. Federal Ministry of Ministry of Ministry of Ministry of
Chancellor’s
C a ce o s Environment
o e t Finance
a ce Environment
o e t Environment
o e t
Office
Duration 11 months 5 months 16 months 4 months 19 months
Budget
d n.a. € 520.000 (`04)
(` ) ~ € 38.000 < € 40.000 ~ € 1.000.000
€ 200.000 (`08)
Aims (1) Input (1) Inform Scrutinize SD (1) Scenarios (1) Input
(2) Awareness (2) Consult the policies & (2) Launch (2) Awareness
public activities consultation (3) Leadership
process
Results Adaptation of Adaptation of Adaptation of 3 scenarios Adaptation of
draft NSDS draft plan draft NSDS; draft NSDS;
Meeting place cross‐
government
governance
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Conclusion
Consultation processes vary significantly throughout Europe
Duration; Aims; Methods; Formalization (regular or unique processes)
Stakeholders‘ satisfaction with the processes depended on the

context and the extent, to which they were informed and taken seriously.
Challenge: How to reach the general public and get (valuable) input?
Challenge: How to deal with all the input?

www.ecologic.eu
ecologic e
Stakeholder Participation and

S t i bl Development
Sustainable D l t Strategies
St t i -
practical examples of the European
experience
i
Doris Knoblauch
Ecologic Institute, Berlin

EU Case Studies

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www.ecologic.

Stakeholder Participation and

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 2

Together with RIMAS

01 12 2007 until 28.02.2009

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 3

Responsibility: Federal Chancellor’s Office

Stakeholders involved: Stakeholders and experts concerned with SD

Participatory Mechanisms: Workshops, written comments to the draft

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 4

Germany – Process Description

3 Workshops => participants

Conference by the German Council for Sustainable Development

Parliamentary Evening by 3 big environmental NGOs

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 5

Overall: rather little output

A 4th major priority was added to the report (“Feeding

The text was slightly adapted

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 6

Process already improved but still room for further improvement

2 phases of consultation are positive

Dialogue orientation is difficult in Germany

Stakeholders were rather critical with the process

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 7

Responsibility: Ministry of Environment; PODDO for the second and

Stakeholders involved: Stakeholder groups interested in SD

Participatory Mechanisms: Responses to questions in PFDD draft,

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 8

Belgium – Process Description

Conference aiming at the general public (2008, 100-200 stakeholders)

Government Experts speak at events (self-organised

=> PFDD is renewed every 4 yrs. accompanied by a consultation process

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 9

A summary off the

Annual Report of CIDD concerning implementation

2004: The text was adapted

2008: The text was only slightly adapted

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 10

Process is highly regulated with a sophisticated system to

A pitfall in BE is certainly the political instability

Stakeholders were rather satisfied with the process in 2004, but

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 11

Responsibility: Norway’s SD secretariat (at the Ministry of Finance), in

Stakeholders general public

Participatory Mechanisms: Peer review, consultation of experts,

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 12

Norway – Process Description

E i ti NSDS & iindicators

Committee of State Secretaries

Reports published (online) for every participation element (only in

Informal institutionalization of dialogue (Meeting Place)

The text was adapted

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 14

Ministry of Finance is in charge and very open for new methods

Real and continued dialogue with stakeholders leads to overall

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 15

Responsibility: Slovenian Government Office for Growth

Stakeholders involved: Stakeholder groups and experts from gov.

Participatory Mechanisms: External facilitated workshop; interviews

16 October 2009 Budapest, 6th EPOS Network Meeting - Doris Knoblauch 16

Slovenia – Process Description

Questions on internet blog => 32 selected p