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Abstract
Objective: Estimation of prevalence of Candida in the oral cavity of diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.
Material and Methods: One hundred and three subjects of diabetes mellitus (49 Type 1 diabetes mellitus and
54 Type 2 diabetes mellitus) and one hundred non-diabetic subjects (control) were studied.
Results: 41(83.67%) out of 49 Type 1 diabetes mellitus, 37(68.52%) out of 54 Type 2 diabetes mellitus and
27(27%) out of 100 in non-diabetic subjects were found to carry Candida in their oral cavity. Colony Forming
Unit (CFU) of Candida in the oral cavity ranking in groups was Type 1 diabetes mellitus > Type 2 diabetes
mellitus > non-diabetic subjects.
Conclusion: Colonization and carriage of Candida in the oral cavity was found to be higher in diabetic
subjects than in non-diabetic subjects. However anti-diabetic therapy and glycaemic control in diabetes were
found to bear no relation with carriage of Candida in the oral cavity. ©
RESULTS
Candidal carriage
While in 100 non-diabetic controls oral candidal
carriage observed in 27 (27%), among diabetic subjects
it was observed in 41 (83.67%) of Type 1 and 37 (68.52%)
of Type 2 diabetics respectively (Table 1).
Candidal colonization
There was no significant difference for the CFU
between the two sexes among diabetics or non-diabetic
control. The mean values for CFU of Candida in non-
diabetic subjects were 103.61 (male) and 89.21 (female).
In Type 1 diabetic subjects the CFU mean values were,
1251.37 (male) and 1243.54 (female) while in Type 2
diabetic subjects the CFU mean values were, 830.37 (male) Fig. 2 : Gram positive round Candida cells.
and 861.96 (female). The mean values of CFU between according to their anti-diabetic therapy (viz., newly
Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic subjects and between diabetic diagnosed, controlled on diet, controlled on diet + oral
and non-diabetic subjects were found to differ anti-diabetic therapy and controlled on diet + insulin
significantly from each other (Table 2). therapy) and assessed for the prevalence of oral candidal
Candidal carriage and anti-diabetic therapy carriage. In newly diagnosed 4 diabetic subjects the oral
Diabetic subjects were divided in to four groups candidal carriage was observed only in 1 (25%) male
Table 3 : Oral candidal carriage in diabetic subjects according to their anti-diabetic therapy
Sl.No. Case type Sex No. of cases with No. of cases without Total
oral candidal carriage oral candidal carriage
1. Newly Male 1 (25.00) 3 (75.00) 4
diagnosed Female 0 0 0
Total 1 (25.00) 3 (75.00) 4
2. Controlled Male 4 (66.67) 2 (33.33) 6
on diet Female 3 (75.00) 1 (25.00) 4
Total 7 (70.00) 3 (30.00) 10
3. Controlled on Male 14 (73.68) 5 (26.32) 19
diet + oral anti- Female 15 (71.43) 6 (28.57) 21
diabetic drugs Total 29 (72.50) 11 (27.50) 40
4. Controlled on Male 22 (81.48) 5 (18.52) 27
diet + insulin Female 19 (86.36) 3 (13.64) 22
Total 41 (83.67) 8 (16.33) 49
Results in parenthesis indicate the percentage of cases.