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BIPOLAR DISORDER is one of the main mood disorders. Patient with mood
disorders experience an abnormal range of moods and lose some level of
control over them. Distress may be caused by the severity of their moods
and their resulting impairment in social and occupational functioning.
Mood disorders have also been called affective disorders.
2) Manic episode
3) Mixed episode
Criteria are met for both manic episode and major depressive episode.
These criteria must be present nearly every day for at least 1 week. As
with a manic episode, this is a psychiatry emergency.
4) Hypomanic episode
• Cerebrovascular disease •
• Endocrinopathies (cushing’s
syndrome, Addison’s disease,
hypoglycemia,
hyper/hypothyroidism,
hyper/hypocalcemia)
• Parkinson’s disease
• Viral illnesses (e.g;
mononucleosis)
• Carcinoid syndrome
Medication/ substance induced Medication/ substance induced
depressive episode manic episode
• •
Bipolar Disorders
Etiology 1. Biological
2. Environmental
3. Psychosocial
4. Genetic factors
Are all important.
Epidemiology
• prevalence: 0.6-0.9%
• M:F = 1:1
• age of onset: teens to 20’s
• slight increase in upper socioeconomic groups
• 60-65% of bipolar patients have family history of major mood disorders
Definition
• Bipolar I Disorder
• disorder in which at least one manic or mixed episode is present
• commonly accompanied by one or more MDE but not required for
diagnosis
• Bipolar II Disorder
• disorder in which there is one MDE and one hypomanic episode
• no past manic or mixed episode
Diagnosis
classification
treatment
differential diagnosis
• cyclothymic disorder
• psychotic disorder
• substance induced mood disorder
• mood disorder due to a GMC
• delirium
MOOD EPISODES
Manic Episode
Mixed Episode
_ criteria met for both manic episode and MDE nearly every day for 1 week
Hypomanic Episode