Roteamento Dinâmico

Objetivo:
 Configurar roteamento dinâmico, usando o protocolo RIPv2.
 Verificar e testar a conexão em ambiente de interconexão com roteamento dinâmico RIP.

Monte a topologia de rede, conforme indicado a seguir:

Tabela de endereçamento:
Dispositivo Interface Endereço IP Máscara de Gateway Clock
rede padrão Rate
PC1 FastEthernet 0 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.10.1 --x--
PC2 FastEthernet 0 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.1 --x--
PC3 FastEthernet 0 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.30.1 --x--
R1 GigaEthernet 0/0 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 --x-- --x--
Serial 0/0/0 (DCE) 192.168.110.1 255.255.255.0 --x-- 2000000
Serial 0/0/1 192.168.130.2 255.255.255.0 --x-- --x--
R2 GigaEthernet 0/0 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 --x-- --x--
Serial 0/0/0 (DCE) 192.168.120.1 255.255.255.0 --x-- 2000000
Serial 0/0/1 192.168.110.2 255.255.255.0 --x-- --x--
R3 GigaEthernet 0/0 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 --x-- --x--
Serial 0/0/0 (DCE) 192.168.130.1 255.255.255.0 --x-- 2000000
Serial 0/0/1 192.168.120.2 255.255.255.0 --x-- --x--

Configure as interfaces dos dispositivos (PCs e roteadores) conforme tabela de endereçamento.

Exemplo para o roteador 1:

:
Router#conf ter
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.110.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 2000000
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.130.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
:

1
Exemplo para o roteador 2:
:
Router#conf ter
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.120.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 2000000
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.110.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
:

Exemplo para o roteador 3:

:
Router>ena
Router#conf ter
Router(config)#int g0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.130.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 2000000
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#int s0/0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.120.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut
:

Após todas as interfaces configuradas, verifique a conectividade entre os dispositivos e seus gateways padrão (PC1-R1,
PC2-R2 e PC3-R3).

PC1>ping 192.168.10.1  conexão ok na LAN 1

PC2>ping 192.168.20.1  conexão ok na LAN 2
PC3>ping 192.168.30.1  conexão ok na LAN 3

Verifique agora a conectividade entre os dispositivos em redes diferentes (redes remotas)

Exemplo - do PC1 para o PC2:

Os dispositivos situados em redes remotas não conseguem se conectar. Qual o motivo?

Verifique as tabelas de roteamento dos roteadores. Comando show ip route no modo privilegiado.

2
Para o roteador R1:
Router#show ip route
:
192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.10.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
192.168.110.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.110.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
L 192.168.110.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
192.168.130.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.130.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
L 192.168.130.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1

Para o roteador R2:

R2#show ip route
:
192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.20.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
192.168.110.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.110.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
L 192.168.110.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
192.168.120.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.120.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
L 192.168.120.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

Para o roteador R3:

R3#show ip route
...
192.168.30.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.30.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
192.168.120.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.120.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
L 192.168.120.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
192.168.130.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.130.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
L 192.168.130.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

Nos três roteadores, verifica-se que eles reconhecem apenas as redes que estão diretamente conectadas. Portanto, eles
não conseguem rotear pacotes para redes remotas. Devemos configurar roteamento na rede.

Configurando o protocolo de roteamento RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

O comando router rip (no modo de configuração global) habilita o RIP como protocolo de roteamento. O comando
network é usado em seguida para informar ao roteador em que interfaces executar o RIP. O processo de roteamento
associa interfaces específicas aos endereços de rede e começa a enviar e receber atualizações do RIP nessas interfaces.

A configuração padrão do RIP (versão 2) segue a seguinte sintaxe:

Router(config)# router rip

Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# network <endereço_rede_conectada>
Router(config-router)# network <endereço_rede_conectada>
:
3
O comando router rip é utilizado para habilitar a configuração do protocolo RIP.

O comando version 2 para habilitar a versão 2 do protocolo.

O comando network <endereço_rede_conectada> é utilizado para indicar quais redes serão divulgadas nas
atualizações enviadas pelo roteador aos seus vizinhos.

Na configuração padrão do protocolo RIP devem ser especificadas todas as redes diretamente conectadas ao roteador:

 Em R1: redes 192.168.10.0/24, 192.168.110.0/24 e 192.168.130.0/24

Router(config)# router rip
Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.10.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.110.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.130.0

 Em R2: 192.168.20.0/24, 192.168.110.0/24 e 192.168.120.0/24

Router(config)# router rip
Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.20.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.110.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.120.0

 Em R3: 192.168.30.0/24, 192.168.120.0/24 e 192.168.130.0/24

Router(config)# router rip
Router(config-router)# version 2
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.30.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.120.0
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.130.0

Verifique agora as tabelas de rotas dos roteadores (comando show ip route):

No roteador 1:
Router#show ip route
:
192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.10.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.110.2, 00:00:23, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.30.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.130.1, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/1
192.168.110.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.110.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
L 192.168.110.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.120.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.110.2, 00:00:23, Serial0/0/0
[120/1] via 192.168.130.1, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/1
192.168.130.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.130.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
L 192.168.130.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
Router#

4
No roteador 2:
Router#show ip route
:
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.110.1, 00:00:18, Serial0/0/1
192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.20.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
R 192.168.30.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.120.2, 00:00:01, Serial0/0/0
192.168.110.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.110.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
L 192.168.110.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
192.168.120.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.120.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
L 192.168.120.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.130.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.110.1, 00:00:18, Serial0/0/1
[120/1] via 192.168.120.2, 00:00:01, Serial0/0/0
Router#

No roteador 3:
Router#show ip route
:
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.130.2, 00:00:25, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.120.1, 00:00:28, Serial0/0/1
192.168.30.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.30.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
R 192.168.110.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.130.2, 00:00:25, Serial0/0/0
[120/1] via 192.168.120.1, 00:00:28, Serial0/0/1
192.168.120.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.120.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
L 192.168.120.2/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
192.168.130.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.130.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
L 192.168.130.1/32 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
Router#

Observa-se que todos os roteadores descobriram dinamicamente (através do protocolo RIP) rotas para as redes
remotas.
Verifique agora a conectividade entre os dispositivos em redes diferentes (redes remotas)

Exemplo - do PC1 para o PC2:

Conexão ok!
Teste a conectividade entre todos os dispositivos remotos.
Todas as conexões ok!