5/20/2010

Introduction
• Sweetpotato - 7th most important food crop
• China -world‟s leading producer with a
production of 100,214.09 metric tons (FAO
2005)
• Philippines - 13th among the sweetpotato-
producing countries , 6th in Asia, with a total
production of 574.61 metric tons (FAO
2005)

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Sweetpotato- the vine of life

• all plant parts can be

utilized for food and feeds
• Leaves – vegetables and soilage
• Roots – staple
• -vegetable, snack, beverage, chips,
bakery products, pastries, candies, feeds

Sweetpotato-
an economic crop
• important cash crop in Central Luzon
• post-rice crop in Tarlac
• wet-season crop in upland areas of Bataan
and some parts of Zambales
• Local and domestic markets

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Sweetpotato production
BAS 2004
• national average - 4.54 ton/ha
• Central Luzon- 3.89 tons/ ha

Central Luzon
• Production - 30,684 mt (7th)
• Area - 7893 hectares

Sweetpotato - native to
South America
• introduced to the Philippines in the 16th century
• SP diversity exists in the country
– 2004 – 1586 accessions
– 2007 - 1122

• SP diversity due to
– natural and human selection
– Mutation
– recombination
– Introduction

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Conservation of
Sweetpotato Diversity
– Ex situ In situ
• Field genebank * home garden
• I n vitro * on-farm

Mandated Institutions for SP conservation

• PhilRoots- Phil Rootcrops Research and Training Center,
Visayas State University
• NPRCRTC- Northern Phil Rootcrops Research and
Training Center, Benguet State University
• NPGRL- National Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory.
IPB, CSC

SP Diversity in Central
Luzon
• SP varieties in Central Luzon,
– 1912- 1995 = 24

• Assessment of SP diversity in Central

Luzon
• 1995 - 5 varieties
• 2005 - 4 varieties

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Percentage area planted to sweetpotato varieties

in Central Luzon
Varieties 1995 2005

Super 60-80 90
Bureau
Taiwan 20-40
Ube 10-20
10
Bureau 5
Bentong

1990- wipe-out of Bureau in farmers‟ fields due to

SpFMV

Super Bureau – infected with „kulot‟ or SpFMV

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Mitigate loss of diversity

• Introduce additional Sp diversity
• Consider farmers‟ criteria of desired Sp
varieties

Farmers’ selection criteria for sweetpotato in Central Luzon

Selection criteria Farmers’ Farmers’ reasons
preference

Vine length Medium Lower cost in

clearing at harvest
Root shape round, uniform easier packing and
bagging
skin color Reddish to marketability
purple
Root size medium Marketability

flesh color light Consumer’s

preference

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• In Central Luzon, production is

associated to marketability
• sweetpotato varieties acceptable to the
market are conserved

Objectives
General
• To increase sweetpotato diversity in Central Luzon
through use
Specific
• To evaluate the introduced sweetpotato varieties
on-station by various users
• To test adaptation of selected varieties in farmers‟
fields (on-farm evaluation)
• To identify suitable varieties and channel selected
varieties for adaptability and subsequent
multiplication by planting material producers in
Bataan

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METHODOLOGY

Flowchart of Activities

Introduction of
varieties from
various sources

•Field trial On-station trial

•Sensory evaluation
FFD Participatory varietal
Selected varieties selection

On-farm trials
FFD
•Adaptation trial Sp planting materials
•multiplication producers

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Introduction of varieties

• Matching farmers‟ criteria with existing Sp

collection
• October, 2005 - inventory of existing
sweetpotato varieties in LSU and BSU

• identified 18 potential varieties for

introduction

On-Station Trials
• Department of Agriculture-Central Luzon Integrated
Area Research Center for Lowland Development
(DA-CLIARCLD)
Number of varieties
• 1st batch= 13 + local checks, Taiwan and Super
Bureau
• 2nd batch =5 + Super Bureau
Dry season- December 2005
RCBD, 2 replications
• 4-row plot (2m x 6m)
• 12 cuttings/row
• Cultural management- Farmers’ practice

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Evaluation of varieties on-

station
Sensory evaluation
• Texture, taste, flesh color, aroma
Field Performance
• Vine length, root size, root shape, skin
color, flesh color

SWEETPOTATO EVALUATION SHEET

ROOTS
Pangalan: _______________________________
Trader _____ Grower _____ Processor _____ Agri Technician _____
Others _____
SCORE: 1 = Pinakatangap
5 = Hindi tanggap

KATANGIAN
VARIETY LAGO NG HUGIS LAKI KULAY KULAY
LANGGOK NG NG NG NG
LAMAN LAMAN BALAT LAMAN

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
A

B 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

C 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

D 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

E 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

F 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

G 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 45 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

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Selection of sites for on-farm trials

Criteria
•diversity of ecology
• market integration

Gerona -traditional growing area

Pura -non-traditional/non-commercial growing
area,
Moncada - lahar and commercial area
Bamban- upland and rolling landscape

TARLAC

Moncada

Pura
Gerona

Bamban

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Selected varieties, on –station trials

O
N On-farm trials
4 sites, 2 farmers per set
-
Tarlac

F Pura Bamban

A Gerona Moncada
FFD
R
Selected varieties
M

Sp planting materials
producers Bataan

RESULTS

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List of introduced varieties.

UPLB (1st batch) VSU (2nd batch)
PSBSp 21 UPLSp 5 NSICSp 25
PSBSp 18 UPLSp 11 VSP 2
PSBSp 22 UPLSp 2 VSP 3
PSBSp 14 PSBSp 29 PSBSp 15
UPLSp 3 PSBSp 17 NSICSp 26
PSBSP 23 NSICSp 28
UPLS p1

Sensory evaluation

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Sensory evaluation of 13 introduced SP varieties

Sensory Attributes
Varieties Preference Over-all Acceptability Rating Scores
Ranked Acceptability* Characteristics***
Scores * (%)
Aroma Color Taste Texture

Super Bureau -0.1821bcd 78.6ab 5.93a 5.86abc 5.57abcd 5.93a

Taiwan -0.3643d 42.9b 5.50a 5.86abc 4.77de 4.54b
UPLSp 5 -0.2429bcd 42.9b 5.21a 5.29bcd 4.93cde 5.29ab
PSBSp 18 0.2429abc 85.7a 5.57a 5.64abcd 5.64abcd 5.93a
UPLSp 11 0.000abcd 85.7a 5.50a 5.07cd 5.64abcd 5.64ab
PSBSp 22 0.0607abcd 78.6ab 5.71a 5.36bcd 5.71cde 5.46ab
UPLSp 2 0.3036ab 85.7a 5.45a 5.31bcd 6.15abc 5.92a
PSBSp 21 -0.1821bcd 64.3ab 5.79a 5.57abcd 5.36bcde 5.57ab
PSBSp 14 -0.1214bcd 84.3ab 5.57 a 5.71abcd 4.79de 5.50ab
NSICSp 29 -0.3036cd 50.0ab 5.14 a 4.71d 4.21e 4.57b
UPLSp 3 -0.2429bcd 57.1ab 5.86 a 5.21abcd 5.43abcd 5.50ab
PSBSp 17 0.4857a 85.7a 6.00 a 6.29ab 6.64a 6.14a
PSBSp 23 0.1821abcd 78.6ab 5.14 a 5.57abcd 5.86abcd 5.64b
UPLSp 1 0.2429abc 85.7a 6.08 a 5.69abcd 5.85abcd 6.00a
NSICSp 25 0.1214abcd 85.7a 5.21 a 6.57a 6.21ab 6.14a
F-value 0.017 0.042 0.425 0.027 0.000 0.028

On –station
evaluation of
introduced varieties

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Each variety
was coded

Half of the plot

harvested

• Marketable and
non-marketable
roots classified

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Farmers‟ on–station evaluation results

Vegetative growth, root shape, flesh color, skin color and root size of 1 st batch of SP
varieties and Taiwan
Variety Vegetative Root Flesh Skin Root size Mean
Growth shape color color scores
Taiwan 2.56 2.56 2.19 2.48 2.29 2.42
PSBSp 21 2.38 2.56 2.72# 3.12# 2.29 2.62
UPLSp 5 2.97 3.21# 2.73# 3.33# 3.35# 3.12#
PSBSp 18 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.58 2.33 2.44
UPLSp 11 1.62* 1.55* 1.53* 1.59* 1.57* 1.57*
PSBSp 22 2.47 3.09# 2.47 2.94 3.09# 2.81#
UPLSp 2 2.70 3.24# 2.76# 3.06# 2.79# 2.91#
PSBSp 14 2.53 2.79 2.21 2.84 2.44 2.56
PSBSp 29 2.76 4.03# 3.38# 3.79# 4.15# 3.62#
UPLSp 3 2.85 3.44# 2.68 3.12# 2.97# 3.01#
PSBSp 17 2.74 2.88 2.42 2.91 2.71# 2.73#
PSBSP 23 2.03* 1.71* 1.79 1.74* 2.09 1.87*
NSICSp 28 3.18# 3.82# 3.47# 3.48# 3.64# 3.52#
UPLSp 1 3.41# 3.44# 3.03# 3.24# 3.29# 3.28#
F-value 6.19 24.36 9.21 15.11 21.82 60.85
CV 39.49 30.44 41.32 33.89 30.24 35.67

* Means significantly higher than the local check variety, Taiwan

# Means significantly lower than the local check, variety, Taiwan

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Vegetative growth, root shape, flesh color, skin color and root size of 1 st batch of SP
varieties and Super Bureau
Variety Vegetative Root shape Flesh Skin color Root size Mean
Growth color scores
Super Bureau 2.33 1.94 1.93 1.90 2.06 2.03
PSBSp 21 2.38 2.56 2.72 3.12# 2.29 2.62
UPLSp 5 2.97# 3.21# 2.73 3.33# 3.35# 3.12#
PSBSp 18 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.58 2.33 2.44
UPLSp 11 1.62* 1.55* 1.53* 1.59* 1.57* 1.57*
PSBSp 22 2.47 3.09# 2.47 2.94# 3.09# 2.81
UPLSp 2 2.70 3.24 2.76# 3.06# 2.79 2.91#
PSBSp 14 2.53 2.79 2.21 2.84 2.44 2.56
PSBSp 29 2.76 4.03# 3.38# 3.79# 4.15# 3.62#
UPLSp 3 2.85# 3.44 2.68 3.12# 2.97# 3.01#
PSBSp 17 2.74 2.88 2.42 2.91 2.71 2.73
PSBSp 23 2.03 1.71* 1.79* 1.74* 2.09 1.87*
NSICSp 28 3.18# 3.82# 3.47# 3.48# 3.64# 3.52#
UPLSp 1 3.41# 3.44# 3.03# 3.24# 3.29# 3.28#
F-value 6.19 24.36 9.21 15.11 21.82 60.85
CV 39.49 30.44 41.32 33.89 30.24 35.67
* Means significantly higher than the local check variety, Super Bureau
# Means significantly lower than the local check, variety, Super Bureau

Vegetative growth, root shape, root size, skin color and flesh color of 2 nd
batch of SP varieties

Variety Vegetative Root Root Skin Flesh Mean Ranking

growth shape size color color
PSBSp 15 2.78 2.43 2.71 2.57 2.71 2.64 3
NSICSp 26 2.77 2.63 2.88 2.75 2.71 2.75 4
NSICSp 25 3.77 2.13 2.00 2.63 2.25 2.56 2
VSP 3 2.25 2.38 3.00 2.38 2.25 2.45 1
VSP 2 *
Super *
Bureau
* no evaluation due to poor growth and heavy SpFMV infestation

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VSP3 PSBSp 15

Selected
varieties NSIC 25
and Super
Bureau
PSBSp 23

Super Bureau UPLSp 17 UPLSp 11

On-farm trials

Field lay-out
LOA

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On-farm Trials
Set 1
Selected varieties
Set 2

Each set
• 3 selected varieties + Super Bureau
• planted by 2 farmers per site
Farmers‟ management practices

Sites: Pura, Moncada, Bamban, Gerona

Soil sampling and analysis

Lay -out

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Distribution of cuttings

Monitoring

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Harvesting

Classification of roots

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On-farm evaluation

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Yield (tons/ha) of Set 1 varieties in four towns

SITES
Across
Variety Pura Gerona Moncada Bamban
location Rank
mean per
Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean set
Set 1

NSICSp 4.18- 5.18- 7.85- 8.15 3.75-

25 9.77 6.97 9.33 7.26 8.45 7.18 5.46 6.96 4

2.56- 7.82- 4.54- 8.59 6.25-

PSBSp 15 2.62 4.60 11.32 9.57 12.64 12.27 9.26 8.01 2*

0.92- 6.13- 15.02- 15.52 8.38-

PSBSp 17 7.55 4.24 8.17 7.15 16.02 16.55 12.46 9.84 1
Super
Bureau 0.23- 6.78- 17.65 17.65 3.06-
(check) 3.56 1.90 7.71 7.24 3.75 3.41 7.55 3

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Yield (tons/ha) of Set 2 varieties in four towns

SITES
Across
location
Variety Pura Gerona Moncada Bamban mean
Rank
Range Mean per
Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean set
Set 2

1.03- 5.21- 5.57- 6.4

VSP 3 3.84 2.44 6.75 5.98 7.34 0.18 0.18 3.77 4

7.82- 7.29- 10.40- 12.01

PSBSp 23 8.92 8.37 19.08 13.18 13.61 2.64 2.64 9.05 2

8.42- 7.86- 8.54- 14.82

UPLSp 11 16.06 12.24 9.79 8.82 21.11 6.11 6.11 10.50 1
Super
Bureau 2.47- 8.22- 14.4- 17.73
(check) 3.96 3.22 15.28 11.75 20.97 1.11 1.11 8.45 3

On-farm trials

4 varieties selected
1. PSPSp 17
2. NSIC 25
3. PSBSp 23
4. PSBSp 11

Planting
Material
producers

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Planting material supply

system
• Differences in agroecology of Bataan and
Tarlac
• Planting
– Bataan -May to July
– Tarlac - September to December
• Harvesting
– harvest time in Bataan coincides with the
preparation of planting materials in Tarlac
• Purchased cuttings are multiplied –‟palakay‟,
to satisfy the required cuttings

UPLSp11

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Summary
• Four varieties were selected from on-farm
trials: PSBSp 15 and PSBSp 17, UPLSp
11 and PSBSp 23 based on across
locations performance
• UPLSp 11 - most preferred, similar to
Super Bureau
• NSICSp 25, -preferred for its deep purple
flesh
• PSBSp 17 and PSBSp 23 - selected for
their taste and yellow flesh color

Summary
• Four varieties were selected from on-farm
trials: PSBSp 15 and PSBSp 17, UPLSp
11 and PSBSp 23 based on across
locations performance
• UPLSp 11 - most preferred, similar to
Super Bureau
• NSICSp 25, -preferred for its deep purple
flesh
• PSBSp 17 and PSBSp 23 - selected for
their taste and yellow flesh color

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Summary
• Selected varieties are channelled to PM
producers in Bataan, PSBSp 15 replaced by
NSIC 25

Conclusion
• Farmers evaluate new varieties at various
growth stages, able to identify a variety for
specific use
• Selection and preference of SP varieties
are dictated by the consumers demand in
the local and domestic markets
• Eating quality is also a major
consideration in the continuous cultivation
of SP varieties

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Conclusion
• The selection and preference for specific
varieties in each location indicate different
varieties may be maintained/conserved on-
farm in the different sites
• The increasing demand for planting materials
for UPLSp 11, UPLSp 23, NSIC 25 and
UPLSp 17 indicates that farmers will adopt
and conserve them on-farm
• Although the selected varieties have similar
characteristics with existing varieties, each
has a distinct character thereby increasing
diversity in SP

Conclusion
• SP breeders should consider the desired
characteristics for incorporation in the
varietal development programs

• In turn, performance of promising lines in

farmers‟ fields can provide additional
information for variety recommendation

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Recommendations
• Need for capacity building among farmers
on nutrient and pest management
• Farmers‟ participation in varietal
development should be pursued
• Establish partnership between the formal
and informal planting material supply
system to facilitate access to SP
germplasm
• Strengthen the existing plant material
supply system

Recommendations
• Establish a mechanism for “health-
regulated access system” or access to
virus-free planting materials to mitigate loss
of germplasm on-farm.
• SP germplasm in farmers‟ fields and home
gardens should be collected and conserved
for future use

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Research Team

UPLB
THBorromeo
MLHVillavicencio
DA-CLIARCLD
Irene Adion
Lorna Rubion
UPWARD-CIP
HdR de Chavez
LGU- Tarlac
Pura
Bamban
Gerona
Moncada
Bagac, Bataan

Farmer-Cooperators

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Let‟s grow and

utilize sweetpotato
to be part of its
conservation!!!

Thank you

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