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1. Levels of Organization: Electron to Universe (remember?)
- if you remember the terms, simply write ³yes!´; if not, define those you cannot remember!

2. Biosphere

3. Biodiversity
a. Where is it found in greatest concentration?

4. What is a species?

5. Scientific Method
a. What is a hypothesis?
b. Why do scientists conduct experiments?
c. What are independent and dependent variables and
constants in experiments?

6. What is a theory (in scientific terms)?

7. How have technological advancements changes the study of biology?

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8. Atoms: a. Define the following: proton, neutron, electron
b. What is an element? a compound?

9. Bonds
a. Ionic vs. covalent bonds
10. What are the characteristics of water?
a. Polarity? What type of bonds does this polarity allow?
b. Cohesion vs. adhesion
c. Why is it the ³universal solvent?´

11. Acids and Bases

a. What is pH? How is the pH scale set up?
b. What is a neutralization reaction?
c. Why is pH important to living organisms?
d. In what range must human cells exist?

12. Macromolecules (Carbon-based molecules) - Define and then give the monomer and polymer for the following:
a. carbohydrate
b. lipid
c. protein
d. nucleic acid

13. Why is carbon such an important molecule in biology?

14. Reactions
a. Reactants vs. products
b. What is activation energy?

15. Enzymes
a. What are catalysts?
b. What are enzymes?
c. What conditions affect enzyme function?
d. What is the lock & key model of enzymes?










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16. What is ecology?

17. What are the five levels of organization in ecology?

18. How do biotic and abiotic factors differ?

19. What is a keystone species?

20. Cycles of Matter - Biogeochemical cycles

a. water (hydrologic) cycle
b. oxygen cycle
c. carbon cycle
d. nitrogen cycle
e. phosphorus cycle ± how is this cycle unique?

21. Producers/autorophs
a. photosynthesis vs. chemosynthesis
b. How important is sunlight?

22. Consumers/heterotrophs
a. herbivores vs. carnivores c. detritivores
b. omnivores d. decomposers

23. Food Chain vs. Food Web? How do they compare?

24. How do generalists and specialists differ?

25. Energy Pyramid

a. Trophic level
b. 10% Rule
c. How do we name the levels?

26. What is biomass?

27. What is a niche?

a. What are ecological equivalents?

28. What is competition? What is predation?

29. Name and define the three types of symbiosis. Give an example for each.

30. What is population density?

31. Describe the three ways in which a population can be dispersed.

32. What four factors affect population size? (use proper terms)
33. Exponential versus logistic growth? What is a carrying capacity?

34. What is a limiting factor?

35. What are density dependent and density independent limiting factors?

36. Ecological succession

a. Primary vs. secondary succession
b. What is a pioneer species?

37. How do weather and climate differ?

38. What are the three main climate zones?

a. What characteristics determine climate?

39. Biomes: Describe a biome.

a. How can one biome be distinguished from another?
(what characteristics would you look at?)
b. What do V V
Vhave to do with creatures and their biomes?

40. What is an ecological footprint?

41. What is the greenhouse effect?

42. What is global warming?

43. What is biomagnification? Give an example from real life.





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44. Who were Hooke and Leeuwenhoek?

45. What is the cell theory? What scientists put it together?

46. What characteristics do ALL cells have in common?

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