Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
1
Steel Buildings with no damage after Kobe earthquake
2
ADVANTAGES OF USING STEEL
FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE
Neither Corrosion nor Cost can be a factor against Steel Structures
Steel …
3
SECTION 12
DESIGN AND DETAILING FOR EARTHQUAKE LOADS
CONTENTS
12. 1 General
12. 2 Load and Load Combinations
12. 3 Response Reduction Factors
12. 4 Connections, Joints and Fasteners
12. 5 Columns and column splice
12. 6 Story drift
12. 7 Ordinary Concentric Braced Frames
(OCBF)
12. 8 Special Concentric Braced Frames
(SCBF)
12. 9 Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBF)
12.10 Ordinary Moment Frames (OMF)
12.11 Special Moment Frames (SMF) 4
SECTION 12
DESIGN AND DETAILING FOR EARTHQUAKE LOADS
12.1 Scope: Design and Detailing for earthquake resisting frames
only
12.2 Load and Load Combinations
Earthquake Loads as per IS 1893 – 2002 except for R-
factors
load combinations for limit state design
1.5 (DL+ LL)
1.2 (DL + LL + EL)
0.9 DL + 1.50EL
– Special requirements to avoid instabilities like
buckling & over-turning
a) 1.2 DL +0.5 LL + 2.5 EL
b) 0.9 DL + 2.5 EL
(Conti….) 5
SECTION 12
DESIGN AND DETAILING FOR EARTHQUAKE LOADS
(Conti….) 6
CONNECTIONS, JOINTS AND FASTENERS
• All bolts used in frames resisting earthquake loads shall be
fully tensioned, High Strength Friction Grip (HSFG) bolts, in
standard holes.
• All welds used in frame resisting earthquake loads shall be
complete penetration butt welds, except in column splice
• Bolted joints shall not be designed to share load in
combination with welds on the same faying surface
8
BEAM-TO-COLUMN CONNECTIONS
column
web diagonal web
stiffeners stiffener plate
9
12.5 COLUMNS
Column strength
STORY DRIFT
• The Design Story Drift and story drift limits shall be confirm
to IS:1893-2002
11
SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF FRAMES
Sway frames and non-say frames
Braced and un-braced frames
12
GENERAL COMMENTS ON FRAME CLASSIFICATION
12.7.1.1
• Ordinary frames not permitted in seismic zones IV and V
• Also in Zone III for structures with I > 1.0
13
12.7 ORDINARY CONCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES (OCBF)
Frame Configuration
• Provisions only for diagonal and X- bracing
• V and inverted-V to be designed as per specialist literature
• K-braced frames not permitted
Bracing Members
• Slenderness of bracing member < 160
• P(required) < 1.0 P(actual)
• Bracing cross-section plastic (b/t < 9.4 )
• Bracing slopes in both directions
• Tensile braces carry 30-70% of load
• Built-up braces: local slenderness < 0.4 Overall slenderness
• Connection as in OCBF
• Columns should have plastic cross-sections
• Splices to resist shear and 0.5Mp of smaller section
12.9 Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBF) as per specialist literature
15
12.10 ORDINARY MOMENT FRAMES (OMF)
17
BUCKLING OF WEB PLATES IN SHEAR
τcr
18
Beam-to-column joints and connections (SMF)
dp
bp
19
SPECIAL MOMENT FRAMES (SMF)
Beam and column limitation
• Beam and column sections shall be plastic or compact. At
potential plastic hinge locations, they shall be necessarily
plastic.
• The section selected for beams and columns shall satisfy the
following relation
Σ Mpc > 1.2 Σ Mpb
21