PSSP (Parallel Systems Support Program).

PMR -> Problem Management Report

CUod -> Capacity Upgrade on Demand
#splitvg -y newnameofthevg -c 3 origVG
#recreatevg [ -y VGname ] [ -p ] [ -f ] [ -Y Lv_Prefix | -l LvNameFile ] [ -L Label_Prefix ] [ -n ]
disks.... -> This command will give newvgname to all those disks which were duplicated from a
volumegroup disks, it generates new pvids and you can specify new names to lvs which exists in the
pvs.
#joinvg origvg
#getlvodm -C command will list all the configured physical volumes in the system.
inodes keeps metadata info of a file thats 1. permissions 2. no. of links 3. type of file 4. uid/gid 5. size 6.
address of blocks 7. time mod/access/create 8. acl 9. reserved other
/etc/netsvc.conf -> just like /etc/nsswitch.conf
#mkvgdata vgname (the file like image.data in mksysb (#mkszfile) will be created as
/tmp/vgdata/vgname/vgname.data)
File /etc/dumpfdates
Chapter -2 ODM
Q how to verbosefully run administrative commands?
A #sh –xv
#set –xv
#script

Q what are vgstates and lvstates?

A active/complete, active/partial, inactive and open/synched , closed.

Q2. How many types of information is stored in ODM?

A2. SMIT, SVPD, NIM, TCP/IP, Devices, SRC, Error Log and Dump.

Q3. What are the characteristics of ODM Table and what are the operations applied on them, give
examples?
A3. 1. Object Class (odmcreate and odmdrop) like PdAt, CuDep.
2. Descriptors (queries are done on descriptors=value and command used is “odmshow”) like
uniquetype, attribute, values, name.
3. Objects (odmget, odmadd, odmdelete and odmchange).

Q3.a What is the extension name of Object Class file?

A3.a odmcreate file.cre

Q4. What is the command to configure devices and where does it refer to configure them?
A4. “cfgmgr” command refers Config_Rules.

Q5. Explain the ODM repositories.

A5. 1. /etc/objrepos (System specific ODM and cannot be exchanged with other machines)
2. /usr/lib/objrepos (AIX specific ODM and can be shared with other AIX machines)
3. /usr/share/lib/objrepos (can be shared with other UNIX machines)
Q6. Does ODM maintain all information about system?
A6. No, some other configuration information is stored in files like /etc/filesystems, /etc/qconfig and
user information etc.

Q7. How will you change the block_size attribute of 8mm scsi tape object in ODM?
A.7 a. odmget –q “uniquetype=tape/scsi/8mm and attribute=block_size” PdAt > file
b. vi file
 PdAt:
uniquetype = “tape/scsi/8mm”
attribute = “block_size”
deflt = “1024” ------- Change this value and save the file.
values = “0-245760,1” (means range of values and increment interval)
………
………
c. odmdelete –o PdAt –q “uniquetype=tape/scsi/8mm and attribute=block_size” (delete an
object)
d. odmadd file

Another way is
#odmchange –o PdAt –q “uniquetype=tape/scsi/8mm and attribute=block_size” file

Q8. What is the command to cleanup installation and how will you find improper installation?
A8. run #lslpp –L if it lists “Committing” or “Applying” or “Rejecting” or “De-installing” for long
time, run “#installp –C “ to cleanup.

Q9. What is the state of cleanup failure filesets?

A9. Broken.

Q10. What is the meaning of base=0 or 1 in PdDv for any device.

A10. base=1 means devices which are to be available at boot time and loaded when booting by
restbase.

Q12. What are the values of “status” in CuDv and their meaning?
A12. 0 -> Defined, 1 -> Available, 2 -> Stopped.

Q13. What are the values of “chgstatus” in CuDv and their meaning?
A13. 0->New, 1->Don’t Care, 2->Same, 3->Missing.

Q14. What are the commands to show attributes of PdAt and CuAt?
A14. lsdev –PH for PdAt and lsattr –El for CuAt.

Q15. Where will you find the major and minor numbers of device in ODM?
A15. in CuDvDr, value1 and value2.

Q16. What is stored in CuVPD

A16. Vital Product Data stores manufacturer’s information, serial number etc. that can be shown by
“lscfg –v” command.

Chapter 3 Boot Process.

Q17. What is BLV?

A17. Kernel + Reduced ODM + rc.boot + boot commands (restbase, savebase, copycore, ipl_varyon,
cfgmgr, bootinfo).

Q18. Command to install BLV?

A18. bosboot –ad devicename
Q19. Command to check/change boot devices?
A19. F5, bootlist –o –m normal/service or through diag command “Display or Change bootlist” and
through SMS (F1)

Q20. What are the options in maintenance mode?

A20. 1.Access RootVolume Group, 2. Copy System Dump to Media, 3. Access Advanced
Maintenance and 4. Install from a System Backup.

Q21. What are the ways to boot AIX into maintenance mode?
A21. CDROM, mkinsttape, NIM.

Q22. What are the options in “Access Root Volume Group”?

A22. It lists all volume groups and their PVs, when selecting right Root VG, it lists all LVs into that
and gives options for 1. Access this Volume Group and start Shell. 2. Access this Volme Group
and start shell before mounting filesystem.

Q23. When will you use “Access Volume Group and Start a Shell”?
Q23. When changing size of filesystem, when changing corrupted system file and when fixing corrupt
BLV through bosboot.
Q24. When will you chose “Access Volume Group and start a shell before mounting filesystem”?
A24. When repairing FileSystem through “fsck –y –V jfs2 /dev/hd4” , when fixing log volume by
“logform /dev/hs8” command, when doing bad block relocation.

Q25. How do you reallocate bad blocks?

A25. dd count=1 bs=4k skip=31 seek=1 if=/dev/lv00 of=/dev/lv00”
Q26. How do you upgrade firmware?
A26. In SMS, go to Utilities and install firmware from floppy.

Q27. Do all AIX servers have service mode, how will you check?
A27. by bootlist command.

Q28. Please write steps in rc.boot 1

A28. init process runs from BLV and calls rc.boot 1 that calls restbase, loads reduced ODM and runs
“cfgmgr –f” on base=1 devices and checks boot device from “bootinfo –b”

Q29. Please write steps in rc.boot 2

A29. then rc.boot 2 is called, ipl_varyon loads rootvg, fsck hd4 and mount, fsck hd2 and mount, fsck
hd9var and mount and run “copycore” to copy dump into /var/adm/ras, unmount /var and
swapon hd6.

Q30. Please write steps in rc.boot 3

A30. run init from hd4, run /etc/inittab , call rc.boot 3, fsck hd3, syncvg rootvg, cfgmgr –p2 for normal
mode, cfgmgr –p3 for service mode to configure devices in ODM and save configured ODM
into hd5 using savebase, run cfgcon and rc.dt to start console, run errdeamon, Turn Off LEDs,
remove /etc/nologin file, if chgstatus=3 in CuDv means device is missing, run “diag –a” in that
case and complete /etc/inittab.

Q31. Files for Config_Rules?

A31. /etc/methods/defsys and /usr/lib/methods/deflvm

Q32. What are the types of alog?

A32. boot, cfg, nim, dumpsymp, bosinst, console.

Q33. What are the parts of /etc/inittab file?

A33. id:runlevels:action:command

Q34. What is the meaning if the runlevel is blank in /etc/inittab file?

A34. Run in all rulevels.

Q35. What are the types of actions in /etc/inittab?

A35. off/once/wait/respawn/powerfail/sysinit(only when system is rebooted)

Q36. How many types of shdaemon are?

A36. Priority Problem and Lost I/O detection.

Q37. What are the options for Priority Problem in SHD?

A37. 1. Log an error in errlog file, 2. Display a warning message, 3. Give a recovering getty,
4. Launch a command, 5. Reboot the system.

Q38. What is the meaning of

Option Enablement Priority Timeout (seconds)
Give a recovering getty enabled 60 120
A38. That means give a login console with priority 60 if system is hanged for 120 sec.
Q39. What are the options for Lost I/O detection in SHD?
A39. 1. Display a warning message, 2. Reboot the system

Q40. What is the way to configure SHD?

A40. 1. smit shd 2. shconf –E –l prio

Q41. How to configure RMC (Resource Monitoring and Control)?

A41. through wsm.

Q42. What is the output of #uname –m and where is the output used?
A42. 0002DAAED700 here first 8 characters are machine ID and last 4 are machine model.
lsvg rootvg -> VG IDENTIFIER: 0002daae0000d7000000010d3ae8070d
# lspv
hdisk0 0002daaea620d8a6 (date/time configured) rootvg
hdisk1 0002daae1581f1d0 rootvg
hdisk2 0002daae98166b79 rootvg
#lslv hd4
LV IDENTIFIER: 0002daae0000d7000000010d3ae8070d.4 (VGID minor number)

Q43. Where is LVM data stored?

A43. VGDA, VGSA and LVCB (First 512 bytes of each LV)
Q44. What is /etc/vg/vgVGID?
A44. Handle to VGDA in memory.

Q45. How do you find VGDA from ODM?

A45. #lqueryvg –p hdisk1 –At

Q46. What is the command to get LVCB?

A46. #getlvcb –At hd4

Q47. How will you find VGID of rootvg from ODM?

A47. #odmget –q “name=rootvg and attribute=vgserial_id” CuAt

Q48. How will you find major, minor numbers of devices?

A48. #odmget –q “value3=devicename” CuDvDr

Q49. What will you do if there is any inconsistency in VG other than rootvg?
A49. #varyoffvg homevg, #exportvg homevg, # cfgmgr , #importvg –y homevg hdisk9

Q50. What will you do if there is inconsistency in rootvg?

A50. run #rvgrecover

Q51. What will you do when you find one copy in a disk of an LV has stale partitions.
A51. run #varyonvg VGName which calls #syncvg –v vgname and synchronize corrupt PV.

Q52. What is MWC (Mirror Write Consistency)?

A52. It is used when entire VG is mirrored. When system crashes, identifies correct PP. Stores info in
Outer Edge and keeps all LVs with MWC in outer edge.

Q53. Command to mirror LVs?

A53. # mklvcopy LogicalVolumeName Numberofcopies

Q53.a command to get free major numbers.

A lvlstmajor

Q How will you create new LVCB ?

A lrecreatelvcb

Q54. How will you mirror rootvg?

A54. 1. #extendvg rootvg newdisks, 2. chvg –Qn rootvg, 3. mklvcopy All LVs, 4. syncvg –v rootvg, 5.
bosboot, 6. bootlist, 7. reboot.
Another way is, 1. extendvg , 2. chvg –Qn rootvg, 3. mirrorvg rootvg 4. syncvg 5. bosboot and
bootlist

Q55. What happens when Quorum is lost?

A55. If VG is active, All LVs are inaccessible and closed. If VG was inactive, varyonvg fails.

Q56. Can you varyonvg a VG if Quorum is disabled and VGDA is less than 51%?
A56. If VG is mirroed, Yes else no. We can use “-f” option that will varyonvg but PV will be in
removed state.
Disk Replacement

Q57. How will you replace a disk which is mirrored?

A57. Remove all copies of all LVs from disk, #unmirrorvg lvxx 1 hdiskx
#reducevg vgname diskx, rmdev –l hdiskx –d, reboot, extendvg vgname newdisk, mirrorvg lvxx
2 newdisk, varyonvg –v vgname.

Q58. replace disk which is not mirrored but working.

A58. extendvg vgname newdisk, migratepv olddisk newdisk, reducevg vgname oldvg, rmdev –ld
olddisk.

But for rootvg, after adding new disk->

#migratepv -l hd5 hdisk1 hdisk2
#bosboot –ad /dev/hdisk2
#chpv –c hdisk1 (clean boot sector info)
#bootlist
#migratepv hdisk1 disk2
reducevg and rmdev hdisk1

Q59. replace disk which is not working and not mirrored.

A59. lspv –l disk1, umount /dev/lvx, rmfs and rmlv, reducevg, rmdev, cfgmgr, extendvg, mklv, crfs,
#restore –rvqf /dev/rmt0

Q60. When non-rootvg has failed.

A60. exportvg to remove vginfo from ODM, rmdev –dl all disks, connect new disks, restvg –f
/dev/rmt0 disks… or createvg lvs and filesystem and restore from backup.

Q61. If someone has removed disk from ODM using rmdev?

A61. #reducevg vgname pvid

Q62. If ODM got corrupted for a VG?

A62. if vg is not rootvg, exportvg and importvg works, for rootvg, run rvgrecover

Q63. If single LV ODM fails?

A63. synclvodm –l lvname vgname.

Q64. What are the steps to export VG?

A64. umount all LVs, swapoff pagingdevice, varyoffvg, exportvg, importvg, mount lvs.

Q65. If an exported vg is being imported again after making changes in LVs, what option is used?
A65. #importvg –L –y myvg hdiskx (-L learning mode)

Q66. What is the name of file that includes names of files not to be taken backup.
A66. /etc/exclude.vgname

Q67. What is the command to make system backup?

A67. mksysb –i –vf /dev/rmt.0 (-i means create new image.data file)
Q68. What is the structure of mksysb tape?
A68. It has 4 parts. 1. Boot Image 2. mkinsttape image (image.data, bosinst.data, tapeblksz,
maintenance files), 3. Dummy TOC File 4. rootvg data. (First three parts are stored in
512Blocks).

Q69. How will you verify the mksysb data?

A69. #tctl –f /dev/rmt0 rewind
#restore –s4 -Tqvf /dev/rmt0 > toc-file

Q70. What are the special switches in bosinst.data?

A70. PROMPT = yes
RECOVER_DEVICES = yes/no (To restore network information of the source machine)
SWITCH_TO_PRODUCT_TAPE (To make clone, if you want to use installation media to
install additional packages)

Q71. How to change PP Size?

A71. #mkszfile # vi /image.data and change PPSIZE then take mksysb and restore.

Q72. How will you determine the blocksize of tape created for mksysb?
A72. #chdev –l rmt0 blocksize=512
#tctl –f /dev/rmt0 rewind
#restore –s2 -xvfq /dev/rmt0/tapeblksz
#cat /tapeblksz

Q73. What are the two usage of Alternate Disk Installation?

A73. To install mksysb on another disk in running machine or To clone rootvg on running machine.
1. #alt_disk_install -d /dev/rmt0 hdisk2 (Then use bootlist) #smit alt_mksysb
2. #alt_disk_install -C –b update_all –l /dev/cd0 hdisk1 (installing from first disk0 to
disk1 and also using installation CD to upgrade). #smit alt_clone.

Q74. How will you remove another alt_disk_install image?

A74. #alt_disk_install -X

Q75. What is the name and location of similar file image.data for savevg command?
A75. /tmp/vgdata/vgname/vgname.data

Q76. Command to backup VG?

A76. #savevg –f /dev/rmt0 VGNAME

Q77. How many copies are required to take online JFS2 backup?
A77. 3 copies.

Q78. Command to take online backup of JFS2

A78. #chfs -a splitcopy = /backup -a copy = 3 /usr
#backup -0 -vf /dev/rmt0 /backup
#unmount /backup
#rmfs /backup

Q79. How to take snapshot of LVs and how to restore?

A79. #snapshot, #backsnap, #fsdb Examine or modify snapshot superblocks and map.
#mount –v jfs2 –o snapshot /dev/mysnaplv /home/mysnaplv
Copy corrupted file from mysnap to original location and unmount /home/mysnaplv

Q80. How does VG snapshot work?

A80. splitvg causes mirrored VG to save snapshot, whenever changes are done on any side VG, other
side corresponding PPs are marked stale. When rejoining the VG, both are synched.
#splitvg [ -y SnapVGnam ] [ -c copy ] [ -f ] [ -i ] VGname
-c specifies which mirror to use (1,2,3)
-f force split even if there are stale partitions
-i creates independent VG which can not be rejoined.

Splitvg creates /fs/data filesystem for newvg, can take inode based backup and #joinvg
SnapshotVG

Q81. which fileset is required for diag?

A81. bos.diag.rte

Q82. What is diag used for?

A82. diag is used for testing devices if they are not busy and analyzing error reports generated by
errpt.

Q83. What are the selection options in diag?

A83. Diagnostic Routines -> 1. System Verification 2. Problem Determination.

Q84. What are three modes for diag?

A84. Concurrent Mode when device is busy, there are very few devices which can be analysed.
Maintenance Mode “shutdown –m” then run diag.
Stand Alone Mode using diag CD.

Q85. How to use Diagnostic CD?

A85. Insert CD, shutdown machine, restart, boot in service mode, diag will automatically run.

Q86. How to check diagnostic reports?

A86. /usr/lpp/diagnostics/bin/diagrpt –r/a

Q87. How to do diagnostic in old systems?

A87. In SMS mode, select “Test The Computer”.

Q88. What are the 5 ways to get system dump?

A88. 1. Keyboard 2. smit 3. System Crash 4. reset button 5. command

Q89. Command to list crash dump configuration.

A89. sysdumpdev –l
Primary Dump Device
Secondary Dump Device
Copy Directory
Forced copy flag (If /var is full, ask for tape)
Always allow dump (Can use Keyboard or Reset Button)
 Dump Compression

Q90. Command to deactivate primary dump device temporarily?

A90. #sysdumpdev –p /dev/sysdumpnull (this command will set primary dump device to
/dev/sysdumpnull temporarily.
Q91. Command to change secondary dump device permanently.
A91. #sysdumpdev -P -s /dev/rmt0

Q92. Command to display last dump information

A92. sysdumpdev -L

Q93. What is /dev/hd7?

A93. Machines with Real Memory > 4GB creates dedicated dump device in hd7

Q94. How will you specify dump device through mksysb?

A94. in /bosinst.data large_dump:
DUMPDEVICE = /dev/ls_dumplv
SIZE_GB = 1

Q95. Command to estimate dump size?

A95. #sysdumpdev -e

Q96. How to set compressed Dump?

A96. #sysdumpdev -C

Q97. Command to integrate all sysdumpdev options?

A97. “dumpcheck”

Q98. Give ways to take system dump.

A98. 1. Keyboard (Use Ctrl + Alt + Num Pad 1/2) (use #sysdumpdev –k to enable)
2. Reset button.
3. #sysdumpstart –p/s or smit
Q99. What happens after system crash?
A99. It creates system dump and if in #smit chgsys “Automatically Reboot after System Crash” is set,
reboots.

Q100. How to collect system information and crash dump for IBM analysis?
A100. #snap -a -o /dev/rmt0
Command used to create tape, its block size, backup /unix and /var/adm/ras/vmcore.0.Z
IBM will use kdb command to analyse.

Q101. Command to check CPU

A101. #ps aux and #sar -u

Q102. How to check Priority?

A102. ps –elf

Q103. When will you confirm your system is CPU bound?

A103. when sys% + usr% > 80%

Q104. Command to generate CPU bound processes Monitoring report

A104. #tprof -x sleep 60
This creates __prof.all file 100 ticks=1sec
Q105. Memory usage report command
A105. #vmstat #svmon –G (Global Report)

Q106. Command to find top 10 memory bound processes.

A106. #svmon –Pt 10

Q107. Command to analyse Filesystem and DiskIO

A107. #iostat –E
#filemon -o filename
#trcstop (To stop tracing)
#cat filename

Q108. How to use qconfig to schedule processes?

A108. vi /etc/qconfig
Ksh:
Device = kshdev
Discipline = fcfs
Kshdev:
Backend = /usr/bin/ksh
#qadm –D ksh (make queue down)
#qprt –P ksh script1
#qprt –P ksh script2
When system is free:
#qadm –U ksh (make queue up)

Q109. How to run a command with specific nice value (e.g. 20+15 =35)?
A109. #nice –n -15 command&

Q110. Command to change nice value of a command?

A110. #renice –n -10 commandPID
Nice value will change from 35 to 25.

Q111. Command to configure PDT

A111. #/usr/sbin/perf/diag_tool/pdt_config

Q112. What changes PDT do in crontab when configured?

A112. For user “adm”
***** /usr/sbin/perf/diag_tool/Driver_daily (Collect Information)
***** /usr/sbin/perf/diag_tool/Driver_daily2 (Generate Reports)
***** /usr/sbin/perf/diag_tool/Driver_offweekly (Remove reports)

Q113. PDT Files?

Q114. Write some configuration files for PDT.
A114. /var/perf/cfg/diag_tool/.threashhold
/var/perf/cfg/diag_tool/.nodes
/var/perf/cfg/diag_tool/.files
/var/perf/cfg/diag_tool/.limits

Security

Q115. How will you change login message?

A115. in /etc/security/login.cfg add “herald = message”.

Q116. How to restrict user to particular directory?

A116. add shell /usr/bin/Rsh to /etc/security/login.cfg
#chuser SHELL=/usr/bin/Rsh username

Q117. Where to add another authentication script?

A117. vi /usr/lib/security/methods.cfg
Secondpassword:
Program = path to script
vi /etc/security/user
auth1= SYSTEM,Secondpassword

Q118. How to make double password method?

A118. /etc/security/user
auth1 = SYSTEM;deputy1,SYSTEM;deputy2
So it will ask for login password, deputy1 and deputy2 passwords
Q119. Options in ACL and its command?
A119. #acledit
attributes: SUID
base permissions:
owner(frank): rw-
group(system): r-x
others: ---
extended permissions:
enabled
deny r-- u:chas, g:system
specify r-- u:john, g:gateway, g:mail
permit rw- g:account, g:finance
#aclget and aclput

Q120. restrictions on ACL?

A120. chmod in octal format removes ACL
Only backup command saves ACLs
acledit requires vi editor

Q121. Where does TCB stores rules?

A121. /etc/security/sysck.cfg

Q122. Commands to use TCB?

A122. #tcbck –t /etc/passwd
#tcbck –t tree (for complete current directory)
-t (check and prompt)
-n only reports
-p fix without report or prompt
-y report and fix

#tcbck –t ALL (check all files listed in sysck.cfg)

#tcbck -a filename=classname (add file to particular class in sysck.cfg)
#tcbck -t classname (check all files listed for a class)
#tcbck -d filename

Q123. How to find if file is trusted?

A123. #ls -le filename
-rw-rw---- root system filename
#tcbck –n filename
Fixed Now
#ls -le filename
-rw-rw----+ root system filename
+ sign indicates file is trusted.

Q124. How will you find Trojan horse?

A124. At login prompt, press Ctrl + x and Ctrl + r (called SAK, Secure
Attention Key)
If login screen stays, its original else it will open tsh
Q125. How to configure Trusted Terminal?
A125. in /etc/security/login.cfg
/dev/tty0:
sak_enabled = true

In /etc/security/user
Root:
tpath = on

Now you can check if a particular command is allowed in tcb

#chtcb query /usr/bin/ls

tsh> ls –l
Command is not trusted
#chtcb on /usr/bin/ls (add into trusted path)

Q126. Error Report Options and command

A126. #errpt -a (detail report)
#errpt -A (Intermediate report)
#errpt –d H (Hardware Errors)
#errpt –a -d S (Software Errors)
#errpt -c > /dev/console (Concurrent error logging)

Q127. What are the types of error in report?

A127. I->Informational, P -> Permanent, Performance, Pending, T -> Temporary, U -> Unknown

Q128. What are the classes of error?

A128. H -> Hardware, S -> Software, O -> Operator, U -> Undetermined.

Q129. Where does err log file stores?

A129. /var/adm/ras/errlog

Q130. How do you open error report configuration through smit?

A130. smit errdaemon

Q131. How do you clear error reports?

A131. #smit errclear

Q132. Where does error log save report in ODM?

A132. /etc/objrepos/errnotify
#odmshow errnotify
Important is “err_method”

Q133. Configuration file for Syslog Daemon and change in host file.
A133. /etc/syslog.conf and loghost entry in host file

Q134. How do you provide arguments to scr?

A134. #startsrc -s inetd -a “-d” (Start with Debugging enabled)
Q135. How do you redirect syslog messages to errorlog?
A135. In syslog.conf
“ *.debug errlog”

Q136. What does errlogger command do?

A136. It allows users to add Informational error to errlog.

Q137. different smit options

A137. #smit –C #smit –x #smit –l /tmp/smit.log #smit –s /tmp/smit.script

Q138. How to configure Documentation Server?

A138. #smit web_configure

Q139. What is the URL of Documentation Server?

A139. http://hostname/cgi-bin/ds_form

Q140. Why do you specify Web Client in Documentation Server?

A140. When we run #docsearch command , it automatically open web client.

Q141. How to open wsm for particular host?

A141. #wsm –host <hostname>

Q142. How to find out LTG of a disk?

A142. #lquerypv –M disk0

Q143. Command to move PP of an LV to another specific disk’s PP.

A143. #migratelp hd/3 hdisk1/130

Q144. What information is stored in SuperBlocks?

A144. File System Size, Free List, Fragment Size, nbpi

Q145. What is the smallest size of a file?

A145. 4096 bytes=nbpi.

Q146. How will you find those logins which were not successful?
A146. /etc/security/failedlogin
Q147. Which command you use to cleanup old files?
A147. skulker removes files in /tmp, a.out, core files, ed.hup

Q148. Command to defragment file system?

A148. defragfs -[q|r] filesystem -q means report status, -r means report status that would be after
defrag, dont use any option to really defrag.

Q149. Options for fsck?

A149. fsck [-p|y|n] [-f] [-V filesystem(jfs or jfs2] -> first unmount the filesystem, -p quick fix, -n dont
fix, -f more info, without filesystem name, it will check all which are set to be checked in
/etc/filesystems

Q150. Is paging filesystems listed in /etc/filesystem

A150. No, its in /etc/swapspaces.

Q151. Command on Paging Spaces.

A151. #lsps, #mkps, #chps, #rmps, #swapoff, #swapon

Q152. Which screen opens just after installation of AIX on reboot?

A152. configassist or smitty assist or install_assist -> allows password change, language selection,
installation, datetime, storage and ps, wsm, tcp/ip, online documentation.

Q153. How to use backup command?

A153. #backup –ivqf /dev/rmt0 filewithlisting
-i Get names of file from stdin
-u Update
#backup –u –1 –f /dev/rmt0 /home
#find . | backup –ivqf /dev/rmt0

Q154. How to use restore command?

A154. #restore –Tvf /dev/rmt0
#restore –xvf /dev/rmt0 file1 file2 file3 (-x -> restore individual file)
#restore –rvqf /dev/rmt0 (-r -> recursive, restore complete filesystem)

#smit backfile
#smit restfile

Q155. What is the meaning of Admin Flag is set to True?

A155. That means only root can change properties of that user or users in that group, not Security
Group members.

Q156. What will you do to disable motd?

A156. create empty $HOME/.hushlogin

Q157. What are symbols in passwd file for password entry?

A157. ! means password is encrypted
* means user is locked

Q158. What are the options in /etc/security/passwd file?

A158. john:
Password = abcgef
Lastupdate = 88975677
Flags = ADMCHG,ADMIN,NOCHECK
ADMCHG Admin will change the password
ADMIN Admin changed the password
NOCHECK User can change any password, no restriction.

Q159. As a user of security group, which command you will use to change password?
A159. #pwdadm

Q160. How many Print Subsystems are there in AIX?

A160. 1. AIX standard 2. System V
Q161. How will you give new PVID to disk without removing data?
A161. clearing and setting a new PVID on the LUNs with:
# chdev -l <hdisk#> -a pv=clear
# chdev -l <hdisk#> -a pv=yes

Q162. How will you freeze mounted filesystem for writing?

A.162. chfs –a freeze={ timeout | 0 | off}
0 or off means unfreeze.
-a refreeze={timeout} reassign freeze time.

# getconf -a|grep KERN

KERNEL_BITMODE: 64
# getconf –a

#difference between soft and hard link

softlink -> points to its destination, delete sortlink will not delete destination but delete destination will
delete softlink, changing permission will not change permission of other.
Hardlink will not point anything, deleting any file will not delete other, changing permission will change
other file also, only points to file, not dir.
#devdrpci, #lvlstmajor