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1. The nurse is aware that the following findings would be further evidence
of a urethral injury in a male client during rectal examination?
a. A low-riding prostate
d. A positive Hemoccult
a. The client sets the drainage bag on the floor while sitting down.
b. The client keeps the drainage bag below the bladder at all times.
c. The client clamps the catheter drainage tubing while visiting with the
family.
d. The client loops the drainage tubing below its point of entry into the
drainage bag.
a. This condition puts her at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore, she
should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear annually.
a. Myoglobinuria
b. Ketonuria
c. Pyuria
a. hematuria.
b. weight loss.
b. Urine pH of 3.0
c. Absence of protein
d. Absence of glucose
a. 1 minute.
b. 30 minutes.
c. 1 hour.
d. 24 hours.
a. keep the client’s knee on the affected side bent for 6 hours.
d. remove the dressing on the puncture site after vital signs stabilize.
11. A female client is admitted for treatment of chronic renal failure (CRF).
Nurse Juliet knows that this disorder increases the client’s risk of:
13. For a male client in the oliguric phase of acute renal failure (ARF), which
nursing intervention is most important?
a. Phosphate binders
b. Insulin
c. Antibiotics
d. Cardiac glycosides
a. Chlamydia
b. Gonorrhea
c. Genital herpes
16. A male client with acute pyelonephritis receives a prescription for co-
trimoxazole (Septra) P.O. twice daily for 10 days. Which finding best
demonstrates that the client has followed the prescribed regimen?
17. A 26-year-old female client seeks care for a possible infection. Her
symptoms include burning on urination and frequent, urgent voiding of small
amounts of urine. She’s placed on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
to treat possible infection. Another medication is prescribed to decrease the
pain and frequency. Which of the following is the most likely medication
prescribed?
a. nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)
b. ibuprofen (Motrin)
d. phenazopyridine (Pyridium)
19. Nurse Claudine is reviewing a client’s fluid intake and output record.
Fluid intake and urine output should relate in which way?
a. Chickenpox
b. Measles
c. Mumps
d. Scarlet fever
a. Kidney
b. Ureter
c. Bladder
d. Urethra
22. A female client with acute renal failure is undergoing dialysis for the
first time. The nurse in charge monitors the client closely for dialysis
equilibrium syndrome, a complication that is most common during the first
few dialysis sessions. Typically, dialysis equilibrium syndrome causes:
23. Dr. Marquez prescribes norfloxacin (Noroxin), 400 mg P.O. twice daily,
for a client with a urinary tract infection (UTI). The client asks the nurse how
long to continue taking the drug. For an uncomplicated UTI, the usual
duration of norfloxacin therapy is:
a. 3 to 5 days.
b. 7 to 10 days.
c. 12 to 14 days.
d. 10 to 21 days.
24. Nurse Joy is providing postprocedure care for a client who underwent
percutaneous lithotripsy. In this procedure, an ultrasonic probe inserted
through a nephrostomy tube into the renal pelvis generates ultra–high-
frequency sound waves to shatter renal calculi. The nurse should instruct the
client to:
Answers:
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4. Answer B. If the pouch faceplate doesn’t fit the stoma properly, the skin
around the stoma will be exposed to continuous urine flow from the stoma,
causing excoriation and red, weeping, and painful skin. A lubricant shouldn’t
be used because it would prevent the pouch from adhering to the skin. When
properly applied, a skin barrier prevents skin excoriation. Stoma dilation isn’t
performed with an ileal conduit, although it may be done with a colostomy if
ordered.
6. Answer B. Because CRF causes loss of renal function, the client with this
disorder retains fluid. Hemodialysis removes this fluid, causing weight loss.
Hematuria is unlikely to follow hemodialysis because the client with CRF
usually forms little or no urine. Hemodialysis doesn’t increase urine output
because it doesn’t correct the loss of kidney function, which severely
decreases urine production in this disorder. By removing fluids, hemodialysis
decreases rather than increases the blood pressure.
11. Answer A. A client with CRF is at risk for fluid imbalance — dehydration
if the kidneys fail to concentrate urine, or fluid retention if the kidneys fail to
produce urine. Electrolyte imbalances associated with this disorder result
from the kidneys’ inability to excrete phosphorus; such imbalances may lead
to hyperphosphatemia with reciprocal hypocalcemia. CRF may cause
metabolic acidosis, not metabolic alkalosis, secondary to inability of the
kidneys to excrete hydrogen ions.
13. Answer C. During the oliguric phase of ARF, urine output decreases
markedly, possibly leading to fluid overload. Limiting oral and I.V. fluid intake
can prevent fluid overload and its complications, such as heart failure and
pulmonary edema. Encouraging coughing and deep breathing is important for
clients with various respiratory disorders. Promoting carbohydrate intake may
be helpful in ARF but doesn’t take precedence over fluid limitation.
Controlling pain isn’t important because ARF rarely causes pain.
21. Answer A. The most common site of renal calculi formation is the
kidney. Calculi may travel down the urinary tract with or without causing
damage and may lodge anywhere along the tract or may stay within the
kidney. The ureter, bladder, and urethra are less common sites of renal
calculi formation.