Africa Europe: Northern India

Africa Europe
 Botswana  Andorra
 Burkina Faso  Armenia
 Burundi  Austria
 Central African Republic  Belarus
 Chad  Czech Republic
 Ethiopia  Vatican City (Holy See)
 Lesotho  Hungary
 Malawi  Liechtenstein
 Mali  Luxembourg
 Niger  Moldova
 Rwanda  San Marino
 Swaziland  Serbia
 Uganda  Slovakia
 Zambia  Switzerland
 Zimbabwe  The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Asia South America

 Afghanistan  Paraguay
 Azerbaijan  Bolivia
 Bhutan
 Kazakhstan
 Kyrgyzstan
 Laos
 Mongolia
 Nepal
 Tajikistan
 Turkmenistan
 Uzbekistan
 West Bank
Northern India
Jammu and Kashmir
National Parks Area in Sq. Km. Year of Notification
Dachigam 141.00 1981
Hemis 4100.00 1981
Kishtwar 310.00 1981
Sanctuaries
Baltal 03.00 1987
Changthang 4000.00 1987
Gulmarg 186.00 1987
Hirpora 110.00 1987
Hokarsar 10.00 -
Kanji 250.00 1988
Karakoram 1800.00 -
Lachipora 800.00 1987
Limber 26.00 1987
Nandini 33.72 1981
Overa 32.37 1981
Overa-Aru 425.00 1987
Ramnagar 12.90 1981
Surinsar-Mansar 39.58 1981
Tongri 20.00 -
Himachal Pradesh
National Parks Area in Sq. Km Year of Notification
Great Himalayan 605.61 1984
Pin Valley 807.36 1987
Sanctuaries
· Bandli 39.47 1962
· Chail 110.04 1976
· Churdhar 56.59 1985
· Daranghati 27.01 1962
· Darlaghat 98.71 1962
· Gamgul Siahbehi 105.46 1949
· Gobind Sagar and Naina Devi 120.67 1962
· Kais 12.20 1954
· Kalatop & Khajjiar 30.69 1949
· Kanawar 61.57 1954
· Khokhan 17.60 1954
· Kugti 330.00 1962
· Lippa Asrang 29.53 1962
· Majathal 31.64 1962
· Manali 31.27 1954
· Naina Devi 37.19 1962
· Nargu 243.13 1962
· Pong Dam Sanctuary 322.70 1983
· Raksham Chitkul 38.27 1962
· Renuka
· Rupi Bhabha 354.14 1982
· Sechu Tuan Nala 655.32 1962
· Shikari Devi 71.19 1962
· Shilli
· Simbalbara 17.20 1958
· Talra 36.16 1962
· Tirthan 68.25 1976
· Tundah 419.48 1962
Punjab
Sanctuaries Area in Sq. Km. Year of Notification
· Abohar 188.24 1975
· Harike Lake 43.00 1982
· Bir Gurdialpura
· Bir Bunnerheri
· Bir Motibagh

Chandigarh
Sukhna 25.42

Delhi
Indira Priyadarshini 13.20
Haryana
National Park Area in Sq. Km Year of Notification
Sultanpur
Sanctuaries
· Bir Shikargarh 10.93 1975
· Chautala 113.96 1987
Rajasthan
National Parks Area in Sq. Km Year of Notification
· Desert 3162.00 1981
· Keoladeo 28.73 1981
· Ranthambore 392.00 1980
· Sariska 273.80 1982
Sanctuaries
· Baretha 192.76 1985
· Bassi 152.90
· Bhensrodgarh 229.14 1983
· Darah 265.83 1955
· Jaisamand 52.00 1956
· Jamwa Ramgarh 300.00 1982
· Jawahar Sagar 100.00 1980
· Keladevi 676.00 1983
· Kumbhalgarh 578.26 1971
· Mount Abu 288.84 1960
· Nahargarh 50.00 1980
· National Chambal 280.00 1983
· National Garhial
· Phulwari 511.41 1983
· Ramgarh Bundi 307.00 1982
· Sariska 492.00 1958
· Sawai Mansingh 103.25 1984
· Shergarh 98.71 1983
· Sita Mata 422.94 1979
· Sunda Mata 107.00
· Todgarh Raoli 495.27 1983
· Tal Chapper
· Van Vihar 59.93 1955
Uttar Pradesh
· Corbett 520.82 1936
· Dudwa 490.29 1977
· Gangotri 1552.73 1991
· Govind 472.08 1991
· Nanda Devi 630.33 1982
· Rajaji
· Valley of Flowers 89.50 1982
· Askot
· Binsar 45.59 1988
· Chandra Prabha 78.00 1957
· Chilla
· Govind Pashu Vihar 481.04 1954
· Hastinapur 20.73 1986
· Kaimur 500.75 1982
· Kateraniaghat 400.09 1976
· Kedarnath 975.24 1972
· Kishanpur 227.12 1972
· Maahavir Swamy
· Nawabganj
· Ranipur 230.31 1977
· Samaspur
· Sohagabarwa 428.20 1987
· Sonanadi 301.18 1987
Central India
Madhya Pradesh
· Bandhavgarh 448.00 1968
· Fossil 0.27
· Indravati 1258.37 1978
· Kanger Ghati 200.00 1982
· Kanha 940.00 1955
· Madhav 337.00 1959
· Panna 542.66 1981
· Pench 292.86 1977
· Sanjay 1938.01 1981
· Satpura 524.37 1981
· Van Vihar 4.45
Sanctuaries
· Achanakmar 551.55 1975
· Badankhoh 104.35 1975
· Bagdara 478.90 1978
· Barnawapara 244.66 1976
· Bhairamgarh 138.95 1983
· Bori 518.25 1977
· Gandhi Sagar 368.62 1974
· Ghatigaon 512.00 1981
· Gomardah 277.82 1972
· Karera 202.21 1981
· Ken Gharial 45.00 1981
· Kuno-Palpur 345.00
· Kheoni 122.70
· Narsingarh 57.19 1974
· Noradehi 1034.52 1975
· Pachmarhi 461.85 1977
· Palpur 344.68 1981
· Pamed Wild Buffalo 262.00 1983
· Panpatha 245.84 1983
· Pench 449.39
· Fensatallite 110.24 1983
· Ratapani 688.79 1976
· Sailana Florican 12.96 1983
· Sanjay (Dubri) 364.69 1975
· Sardarpur Florican 348.12 1983
· Samarsot 340.35 1978
· Singhori (Sindhari) 287.91 1976
· Sitanadi 553.36 1974
· Sone Gharial 41.80 1981
· Tamor Pingla 608.52 1978
· Udanti Wild Buffalo 247.59 1983
Orissa
· Bhitar Kanika 367.00 1988
· North Simlipal 845.70 1980
Sanctuaries
· Badrama 304.03 1987
· Baisipalli 168.35 1981
· Balukhand Konark 71.72 1984
· Bhitarkanika 70.00 1975
· Chandaka Dampara 175.79 1982
· Chilka Lake (Nalaban) 15.53 1987
· Debrigarh 346.91 1985
· Hadgarh 191.06 1978
· Karlapat 147.66 1992
· Khalasuni 116.00 1982
· Kotgarh 399.05 1981
· Kuldiha 272.75 1984
· Lakhari Valley 185.87 1985
· Satkosia Gorge 795.52 1976
· Simlipal 845.70 1979
· Sunabema 600.00 1988
· Ushakothi
Bihar
National Park Area in Sq. Km. Year of Notification
· Palamau 213.00 1986
Sanctuaries
· Bhimbandh 681.90 1976
· Chandra Prabha
· Dalma 193.22 1976
· Gautam Buddha 259.48 1976
· Hazaribagh 186.25 1976
· Kabar 204.00 1986
· Kaimur 1342.22 1978
· Koderma 177.95 1985
· Lawalang 211.03 1978
· Mahuadaur 63.25 1976
· Nakti Dam 206.40 1985
· Palamau 767.00 1976
· Parasnath 49.23 1984
· Rajgir 35.84 1978
· Topchanchi
· Valmikinagar 461.60 1978
· Udaipur
Western India
Maharashtra
· Gugamal 361.80 1987
· Nawegaon 133.88 1975
· Pench 257.26 1975
· Sanjay Gandhi 86.96 1983
· Tadoba 116.55 1955
Sanctuaries
· Andhari 509.27 1986
· Aner Dam 82.94 1986
· Bhimashankar 130.78 1985
· Bor 61.10 1970
· Chandoli 308.97 1985
· Chaprala 134.78 1986
· Dhakna Kolkaz
· Gandhari
· Gautala Autramghat 260.61 1986
· Great Indian Bustard 8496.44 1979
· Jaikwadi 341.05 1986
· Kalsubai Harishchandra 361.71 1986
· Katepurna 73.69 1988
· Koyna 423.55 1985
· Malvan Marine 29.12 1987
· Melghat 597.23 1985
· Nagzira 152.81 1970
· Nandur Madmeshwar 100.12 1986
· Painganga 324.62 1986
· Phansad 69.79 1986
· Radhangiri 371.88 1958
· Sagareshwar 10.87 1985
· Tansa 30.41 1970
· Wainganga
· Yawal 177.52 1969
Gujarat
· Bansda 23.99 1979
· Gir 258.71 1975
· Marine (Gulf of Kutch) 162.89 1980
· Velavadar 34.08 1976
Sanctuaries
· Balaram-Ambaji 542.08 1989
· Barda 192.31 1979
· Dhumkhal
· Gir 1153.42 1965
· Jambughoda 130.38 1990
· Jessore 180.66 1978
· Khijadiya
· Kutch Desert 7506.22 1986
· Marine (Gulf of Kutch) 293.03 1980
· Nal Sarovar 120.82 1969
· Narayan Sarovar (Chinkara) 765.79 1981
· Paniya 39.63 1989
· Purna 160.84 1990
· Rampura 15.01 1988
· Ratanmahal 55.65 1982
· Schoolpaneshwar 607.70 1982
· Wild Ass 4953.70 1973
Goa, Daman and Diu
· Bhagwan Mahavir 107.00 1978
Sanctuaries
· Bhagwan Mahavir 148.52 1967
· Cotigao 105.00 1968
Eastern India
West Bengal
· Neora Valley 88.00 1992
· Singalila 78.60 1992
· Sundarban 1330.10 1984
Sanctuaries
· Buxa 251.89 1986
· Bibnutibhushan
· Betuadahary
· Ballavpur
· Chapramari
· Gorumara
· Halliday Island 5.95 1976
· Jaldapara 216.51 1990
· Jorpokhri
· Lothian Island 38.00 1976
· Mahananda 127.22 1976
· Narendrapur
· Parnadhan
· Ramnabagan
· Raiganj
· Sajnakhali 362.40 1976
· Senchal 38.88 1976
Sikkim
· Khangchendzonga 849.50 1977
Sanctuaries
· Fambong Lho 51.76 1984
· Kyongasia Alpine
· Maenam 35.34 1987
· Shingba Rhododendron 32.50 1984
Arunachal Pradesh
· Moiling 483.00 1986
· Namdapha 1985.24 1983
Sanctuaries
· D'Ering Memorial 190.00 1978
· Dibang Valley 4149.00 1991
· Eagle nest 217.00 1989
· Itanagar 140.30 1978
· Kamlang 783.00 1989
· Kane 55.00 1991
· Mehao 281.50 1980
· Pakhui 861.95 1977
· Sessa Orchid 100.00 1989
Assam
· Kaziranga 429.96 1974
· Nambiar
Sanctuaries
· Barnadi 26.22 1980
· Dipor Beel 40.00 1989
· Garampani
· Laokhowa 70.14 1979
· Manas 391.00 1928
· Nameri 137.07 1985
· Orang 72.60 1985
· Pabha 49.00
· Pobitara 38.83 1987
· Sonai Rupai 175.00 1934
Manipur
· Keibul Lamjao 40.00 1977
· Siroi 41.30 1982
Sanctuary
· Yagoupokpi Lokchao 184.80 1989
Meghalaya
· Balphakram 220.00 1986
· Nokrek 47.48 1986
Sanctuaries
· Bhagmara
· Nongkhyllem 29.00 1981
· Siju
Mizoram
· Murlen 200.00 1991
· Phawngpui 50.00 1991
Sanctuaries
· Dampa 500.00 1985
· Khawnglung 41.00 1991
· Ngengpui 150.00 1991
Nagaland
· Intanki 202.02 1975
· Pulebatze
· Fakim
Tripura
· Charilam
· Gumti 389.54 1988
· Sepahijala 18.53 1987
· Trishna 170.56 1987
Southern India
Andhra Pradesh
· Shri Venkataswara 353.00
Sanctuaries
· Coringa 235.79 1978
· Eturnagaram 803.00 1953
· Gundlabrahmeswaram 1194.00
· Kaundinya 357.60
· Kawal 893.00 1965
· Kinnerasani 655.41 1977
· Kolleru 673.00 1963
· Krishna 194.81
· Lanjamadugu
· Manjira 20.00 1978
· Nagarjunasagar Srisailam 3,568.00 1978
· Neelapattu 4,404.00
· Pakhal 879.30 1952
· Papikonda 590.68 1978
· Pocharam 130.00 1952
· Pranahita 136.02 1980
· Pulicat 500.00 1976
· Rollapadu 614.00
· Srilanka Malleswara 464.42
· Siwaram 36.29 1978
· Srivenkateswara 506.94
Karnataka
· Anshi 250.00 1987
· Bandipur 874.20 1974
· Bannerghatta 104.27 1974
· Kudremukh 600.32 1987
· Nagarhole 643.30 1988
Sanctuaries
· Arabithittu 13.50 1985
· Bhadra 492.46 1974
· Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple 539.52 1987
· Bramhagiri 181.29 1974
· Cauvery 510.51 1987
· Dandeli
· Ghataprabha 29.78 1974
· Melkote Temple 49.82 1974
· Mukambika 247.00 1974
· Nugu 30.32 1974
· Pushpagiri 102.59 1987
· Ranganthittu
· Ranebennur 119.00 1974
· Sharavathi Valley 431.23 1974
· Shettihally 395.60 1974
· Someswara 88.40 1974
· Talakaveri 105.00 1987
Kerala
· Eravikulam 97.00 1978
· Periyar 305.00 1982
· Silent Valley 89.52 1980
Sanctuaries
· Aralam 55.00 1984
· Chimony 105.00 1984
· Chinnar 90.44 1984
· Idukki 77.00 1976
· Neyyar 128.00 1958
· Parambikulam 285.00 1973
· Peechi Vazhani 125.00 1958
· Peppara 53.00 1983
· Periyar 472.00 1950
· Shenduruny 100.32 1984
· Thattekkad Bird 25.00 1983
· Wynad 344.44 1973
Tamil Nadu
· Guindy
· Indira Gandhi 118.08 1989
· Anamalai 849.35
Sanctuaries
· Kalakad 223.58
· Karikili
· Mudumalai 321.55
· Mukurthi 78.46
· Mundanthurai 567.38
· Point Calimere 17.26
· Pulicat 461.02
· Srivilliputhur 485.20
· Vedantangal
· Vettangudi
The Andaman Islands
· Campbell Bay 426.23 1992
· Galathea 110.00 1992
· Wandur 281.50 1983
· Mount Harriet Island 46.22 1979
· Saddle Peak 32.55 1979
Sanctuaries
· Barren Island 8.10 1977
· Battimalve Island 2.23 1985
· Benett Island 3.46 1987
· Bluff Island 1.14 1987
· Bondoville Island 2.55 1987
· Buchaan Island 9.33 1987
· Cinque Island 9.51 1987
· Crocodile (Lohabrrack) 22.21 1983
· Defence Island 10.49 1987
· East (Inglis) Island 3.55 1987
· East Island 6.11 1987
· Flat Island 9.36 1987
· Interview Island 133.00 1985
· James Island 2.10 1987
· Kyd Island 8.00 1987
· Landfall Island 29.48 1987
· Narcondum Island 6.81 1977
· North Reef Island 3.48 1977
· Paget Island 7.36 1987
· Pitman Island 1.37 1987
· Point Island 3.07 1987
· Ranger Island 4.26 1987
· Reef Island 1.74 1987
· Roper Island 1.46 1987
· Ross Island 1.01 1987
· Sandy Island 1.58 1987
· Shearme Island 7.85 1987
· Sir Hugh Rose Island 1.06 1987
· South Brother Island 1.24 1987
· South Reef Island 1.17 1987
· South Sentinel Island 1.61 1977
· Spike Island- 211.70 1987
· Swamp Island 4.09 1987
· Table (Delgarno) Island 2.29 1987
· Table (Excelsior) Island 1.69 1987
· Talabaicha Island 3.21 1987
· Temple Island 1.04 1987
· Tillanchang Island 6.83 1985
· West Island 6.40 1987
List of Human Races of the World
The following four races of humanity are the chief distinct classifications of humans based upon genetics
and anthropology. However, we can see many sub-races as a result of matrimonial and reproductive
interaction between people belonging to different races. The four primary races are as follows:-
Caucasoid
Also known as the Caucasian Race, the Caucasoids are further classified into various sub races such as
Aryans (Indo-Europeans), Semitic (Jewish, Hebrew speaking people), Hamitic (Berber-Cushitic-Egyptian
native races), Nordic, Mediterranean, Dinaric, Alpine, Arabid, East Baltic, Turanid, Iranid and Armenoid.
These sub races are primarily based upon geographic location and language. The Caucasian race and all
its sub races are characterized by light skin color ranging from white to dark wheatish, straightish to
wavy hair with color ranging from flaxen to brownish to dark ebony, prominent eyes, pronounced and
well-shaped nose and sharp features, medium built and average to stocky musculature. The term,
Caucasoid, is derived from Mount Caucasus from where, anthropologists believe, the Caucasoid race
originated and spread throughout the world. Owing to the very cold conditions of the place of its origin,
the Caucasian race has light and sparse skin pigmentation and, as a result, they are not very well suited
to living in very hot equatorial climates and are ill suited to remain exposed to strong sunlight for long.
Negroid
The Negro race is subdivided into sub races such as Aborigines, Melanesians, Negritos, Papuans,
Dravidians, etc. However, Thomas Huxley, the prominent Darwinian biologist, believed that Aborigines,
Papuans, Negritos and Melanesians should be categorized under the Australoid race. People belonging
to the Negroid race are physically characterized by dark skin due to dense pigmentation, coarse black
and wooly hair, wide noses and foreheads, broad, often thick lips, large built and broad skeletal
structure. The Negro race people are known for their stamina and ability to survive in very adverse
environmental conditions, especially extreme heat. The dense pigmentation of their skin equip them to
face the intense heat and strong sun of the equatorial belt of the earth, which is where this race is
believed to have originated. Even today, the maximum number of Negroid race people can be found in
the equatorial regions such as Africa, Southern India, etc.
Mongoloid
The Mongoloid race include all those people who are classified under the sub races East Asian, North
Asian and Native American. Mongoloids are characterized by yellowish or light wheatish skin, extremely
straight and black hair, very less hair growth upon their bodies, small, almond-shaped eyes, slight built
and very lean musculature. The facial features are usually small but clear. The regions of the world that
are regarded as the homelands of Mongoloid race people are the far Orients, Northeastern India, certain
American countries where Native American people can still be found, etc.
Australoid
As discussed before, the Aborigines, Melanesians, Papuans and Negritos come under the Australoid
race. In short, the original native races local to the Australian subcontinent come under this category.
Most anthropologists debate the distinctiveness of this race as sub races like Aborigines, Negritos, etc.
are, genetically and physiologically, very close to the Negroid race. Hence, many anthropologists and
genetic biologists believe that these should be categorized as sub races of the Negroid race. Therefore,
we can say that the Australoid race is a classification of humanity which is based more upon
geographical location and regional culture rather than genetic and biological traits.
That was a brief overview of the list of human races that resulted post human evolution from simian
ancestors. This list includes the four chief races of humanity from whence branch out the multiple sub
races. Sub races can be as a result of inter-racial interactions, geographical isolation or any other natural
or social interference to the evolutionary machinery.

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Africa Europe

Asia South America

List of Human Races of the World

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