Technical Overview

HARDWARE TOOLS

Processor Pentium IV 2.4GH

Hard Disk Drive 40 GB
RAM 256 MB
Cache 512 KB

SOFTWARE TOOLS

Operating System WINDOW 2000

Professional
Language / Technologies Java/JSP,
Used Beans/Oracle
Data Base Used (Back-End) Oracle
Reporting Tools Html
SOFTWARE LANGUAGES USED

In the development of a project the selection of an appropriate programming

language and a platform is of primary importance. The major part of credit
of success of a project goes to the software environment chosen by the
developer. Selecting a language from the ocean of the languages is very
difficult. A developer has to consider the various features and functionalities
that a particular language can provide him/her how easily and successfully
the requirements of a user can be fulfilled depend on the s/w language
chosen. More over the developer also has to take care of the various
facilities, he can use. In the development of this application, it has been
taken into great consideration that server overhead should be low as far as
possible.

JAVA
JAVA is one of the most widely used development tools on the market
today. Java is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language
developed by Sun Microsystem of USA in 1991. Originally Oak by James
Gosling, one of the inventors of the language, java was designed for the
development of software for consumer electronics devices like TVs, VCRs
toasters and such other electronic machines. This goal had a strong impact
on the development team to make the language simple, portable and highly
reliable.
JAVA FEATURES
• Compiled and Interpreted
• Platform-Independent and Portable
• Object –Oriented
 • Robust and Secure
• Distributed
• Familiar, Simple and Small
• Multithreaded and Interactive
• High Performance
• Dynamic and Extensible

J2EE
J2EE has now been around for around four years. Over these years, it has
replaced several proprietary and non-standard technologies as the preferred
choice for building e-commerce and other web-based enterprise applications.
Today, J2EE is one of the two available alternatives for building e-
commerce applications.
Java has triggered new programming models and technologies in different
domains ranging from devices, through telephony applications, to the
enterprise. At the same time, Java has acted as a catalyst in making certain
technology domains take more robust and secure shapes. Java’s enterprise
computing platform, the Java2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), is
one such domain.

JAVA SERVER PAGE(JSP)

Java Server Pages (JSP) are a technology defined by Sun

Microsystems to create dynamic content on the Web. They are HTML
documents that are interleaved with Java, which provide the dynamic
content. JSP are a server-side application; they accept a request and generate
a response. Generally the requests are made from a Web-Client, and the
response is a generated HTML document that gets sent back to the Web
client. Because of JSP are server side application they have access to the
resources on the server such as Servlets, Java Bean, EJB (Enterprise Java
Bean) and Databases.

JSP provide a way to embed components in a page, and to have them do

them do their work to generate the page that is eventually sent for client. A
JSP page is in fact an extension of Servlet Programming model. When a user
requests a JSP page, in the web container compile the JSP page into a
servlet. The web container then invokes the servlet and returns the resulting
content to the web browser. JSP pages provide powerful and dynamic page
assembly mechanisms that benefits from the many advantages of the Java
Platform.
Compared to Servlet, which are pure Java code, JSP page are merely text-
based document until the web container compiles them into the
corresponding servlets.

Benefits of JSP

1. They are automatically recompiled when necessary.

2. Because they exist in the ordinary Web Server document space, no
special URL mapping is required to address them.
3. A JSP can be run on any application Server that supports JSP without
any modification to the code.
4. The specification is written in a way that promotes integration with
integrated development environment (IDE).
 5. JSP use tags, which are similar to HTML XML, to insert dynamic
content it is possible to add additional functionality to a JSP importing
tag library. The tag library defines additional tags that can used to
replace section of code.
6. When writing a JSP, it is easier to write the HTML code and then
insert the Java code to create your dynamic content. So if you don’t
plan write the HTML, have you graphical artists work their magic to
create beautiful page and then insert your java code to make the JSP
dynamic.

How JSP Works

A JSP pages exist in three forms

1. JSP Source Code:- this is the version the developer actually writes.

It consists of a text file with an extension of .jsp and contains a mix of

HTML temple code, java language statements and jsp directives and
action that describe how to generate a Web Page to service a
particular request.
2. Java Source Code:- the JSP container translates the JSP source code

into the source code for an equivalent Java Servlet as needed. This
source code is typically saved in a work area and is often helpful for
debugging.
3. Compiled Java class:- like any other java class, the generated servlet

code is compiled into byte code in a class file, ready to be loaded and
executed.
 Translation Compilation
JSP Source Generated servlet Compiled
Code Source Code Servlet Class

The Three Forms of a JSP Page

Database and Relational Database

A database is a self-describing collection of integrated records. It is self-

describing because it contains a description of itself in a data dictionary. A
database is a collection of integrated records because the relationships
among the records are stored in the database.
A Database Management System is essentially a collection of interrelated
data a set of programs to access this data. This collection of data is called the
Database. The primary objective of a DBMS is to provide a convenient
environment to retrieve and store database information. Database Systems
support single user and multi-user environment. While on one hand DBMS
permits only one person to access the database at a given time, on the other
RDBMS allows many users simultaneous access to the database.
RDBMS is the acronym for Relational Database Management System. The
concept of relational database is known since 1980’s.The most famous
RDBMS packages are Oracle, Sybase and Informix.
As I took Oracle for the backend, I’d like to enlighten some features of
Oracle.
ABOUT ORACLE 9i
Oracle 9i contains all the features of previous version. It also supports some
new features & enhancement to some existing features. Oracle servers
provides deficient & effective solution for the major features.

Large Database & Space Management Control

Oracle supports the largest database potential hundreds of Giga Bytes in

size. To make efficient use of expensive devices , it allows full control of
space usage.

Many Concurrent Database Performances

It supports large no of concurrent users executing a variety of database

Applications operation on the same data. It minimizes data connection &
guarantees data concurrency.

High Transaction Processing Performance

Oracle maintains the processing features with a high degree of overall
system performance. Database user doesn’t suffer from slow processing
performance.

High Availability
At some sets Oracle works 24 Hours per day with no downtime or limit
database throughput. Normal system operation such as database backup &
partial completion system failure don’t interrupt database use.
Controlled Availability
Oracle can selectively control the availability of data at the database level &
sub Database level. e.g. an administrator can disallow use of a specific
application .Data can be reloaded without affecting other application.

Industry Accepted Standards

Oracle adheres to industry accepted standards for the data access language
operating system, user interface & network communication protocols . It is
open system that protocols a customer invention.

Manageable Security
To protect against unauthorized database aspects & users .Oracle provides
failsafe security features to limit & monitor the data area. The system make
it easy to manage even the most completed designs for data assets.

Database Enforced Integrity

Oracle enforces data integrity “Business rules” that dictates the standards for
applicable data. As result the cost of coding & managing checks in many
database applications are eliminated.

Distributed Database System

For community environment that are connected via networks. Oracle
combines the data physically located on the different computers in one
logical database that can be accessed by all the network users. Distributed
systems have same degree of user transparency & data consistency as non-
distributed systems. Yet receives the advantages of local database
management.
Portability
Oracle software is compatible to work under different operating system &
same on all system. Application developed on Oracle can be used on
virtually any system with little or no more modification.

Compatibility
Oracle software is compatible with industry standards, including most
industry standards operating systems. Application developed on Oracle can
be used on virtually any system with little or no modification.

Connectivity
Oracle software allows different types of computers & operating system to
share information networks.