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April 6, 2011
For many DB2 professionals, storage management can be an afterthought, but it really
MAINFRAME JOBS
shouldn’t be. The cost of managing storage can be up to 10 times as much as the initial
Data Engineer z/OS
cost of acquiring the storage. Storage issues are vitally important, and unless managed Programmer Resources
appropriately, can be costly. International Inc (PRI Inc.)
St. Louis, MO, US
DB2 stores data in VSAM Linear Data Sets (LDSs). Each table space and index space DB2 for Z/OS
DBA/System
requires at least one VSAM data set. But there are many other storage-related objects Programmer
you will encounter with DB2 for z/OS, including storage groups (both DB2 and DFSMS), Flexjobs
MI, US
system data sets (logs, Boot Strap Datasets [BSDSs], etc.), image copy backups (stored
on disk or tape), DB2 library data Data Engineer III —
DB2 z/OS DBA
sets, temporary data sets, etc. HP
US
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Wasted storage will be minimized and a proactive approach to adding more storage when Mainframe Developer :
COBOL, DB2 :
required will be adopted. Beechwood Computing Ltd
Madison, WI, US
Although mainframe disk is usually equated to a 3380 or 3390, the actual physical disk is more >>
no longer as simple. Today’s modern storage architecture uses disk arrays, or Redundant
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Arrays of Independent Disk (RAID). An array is the combination of two or more physical
disk devices in a single logical device or multiple logical devices. The array is perceived job title, keywords, company, location
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Another relatively recent change is the use of IBM’s Data Facility Storage Management
System (DFSMS) to manage DB2 data. As of DB2 9, DATACLAS, MGMTCLAS, and
STORCLAS can be specified in DB2 storage groups. Using DFSMS with DB2 is the sane
thing to do because the new disk architectures, with concepts such as log structured files
and gigabytes of cache, render conventional database design rules based on data set
placement less relevant. In most cases, placement isn’t an issue, and when it is, SMS
classes and ACS routines can be used. Keep in mind, too, that as of DB2 10, the system
catalog must be managed by DFSMS.
What about extents? Many believe that modern storage devices render extent
management obsolete, but that isn’t exactly true. For one thing, the latest extent
management features only work with SMS-managed data sets; if your data sets are user-
managed, then the old rules apply. For example, as of z/OS 1.7, system-managed data
sets can have up to 123 extents on each of 59 volumes for a total of 7,257 extents.
Otherwise, the limit remains 255. Also, extent consolidation, introduced in z/OS 1.5,
requires SMS-managed STOGROUPs. When a new extent is adjacent to old, the two will
be merged automatically. This can result in some extents being larger than the PRIQTY
or SECQTY specification.
Craig S. Mullins
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