Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
9LUWXDO5HDOLW\
'DQ//DFUăPă'RULQD)HUD
Ä7LELVFXV´8QLYHUVLW\RI7LPLúRDUD
$%675$&7 7KLV SDSHU LV IRFXVHG RQ WKH SUHVHQWDWLRQ RI 9LUWXDO
5HDOLW\SULQFLSOHVWRJHWKHUZLWKWKHPDLQLPSOHPHQWDWLRQPHWKRGVDQG
WHFKQLTXHV $Q RYHUYLHZ RI WKH PDLQ GHYHORSPHQW GLUHFWLRQV LV
LQFOXGHG
*HQHUDOLWLHV
7KHFRQFHSWRIYLUWXDOUHDOLW\95UHIHUVWRDV\VWHPRISULQFLSOHVPHWKRGV
DQGWHFKQLTXHVXVHGIRUGHVLJQLQJDQGFUHDWLQJVRIWZDUHSURGXFWVLQRUGHUWR
EH XVHG E\ KHOS RI VRPH PXOWLPHGLD FRPSXWHU V\VWHPV ZLWK VSHFLDOL]HG
SHULSKHUDOV\VWHPV
7KLVSURYLGHVWKHSRVVLELOLW\WRFKDQJHWKHZD\LQZKLFKWKHPDQFDQ
SHUFHLYH WKH VXUURXQGLQJ UHDOLW\ E\ VLPXODWLQJ DQG PRGHOLQJ DQ DUWLILFLDO
VSDFH
&RPSHWLWLYHPXOWLPHGLDFRPSXWHUVKDYHSHUPLWWHGWRGHVLJQDQG
UXQ VRIWZDUH SURJUDPV DEOH WR UHDOLVWLFDOO\ VLPXODWH WKH
VXUURXQGLQJUHDOLW\DQGWRSURGXFHDKLJKLQWHUDFWLYLW\OHYHO
7KH VRSKLVWLFDWHG SHULSKHUDO HTXLSPHQWV DUH SHUPDQHQWO\
GHYHORSHG WR YDULDQWV DEOH WR LQGXFH WR WKH KXPDQ RSHUDWRU
SHUFHSWLRQVWKDWDUHFORVHUWRWKHQDWXUDORQHV
$OO WKH PHGLD UHSOLFDWLQJ WKH UHDOLW\ DUH LQFOXGHG LQ WKH JHQHULF
FDWHJRU\RI³YLUWXDOUHDOLW\´7KHHTXLSPHQWVDQGWHFKQRORJLHVE\ZKLFKZH
FDQ LQWHUDFW LQ D YLUWXDO UHDOLW\ DUH NQRZQ DV 95 HTXLSPHQWV DQG 95
WHFKQRORJLHV
7KHYLUWXDOUHDOLW\V\VWHPVFDQEH
LPPHUVLYH95
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
VLPXODWLRQ95
SURMHFWHG95
WHOHSUHVHQFH95
DXJPHQWHGUHDOLW\95
GHVNWRS95
)LJXUH95(TXLSPHQW
7KHPDLQHOHPHQWVLQGHVLJQLQJDQGFUHDWLQJWKHYLUWXDOHQYLURQPHQW
DUH
WKH'JUDSKLFFRPSRQHQWE\ZKLFKYLVXDOL]DWLRQLVSURYLGHG
WKH PRGHO RI WKH YLUWXDO HQYLURQPHQW WRJHWKHU ZLWK WKH
V\QWKHWLFDOO\HOHPHQWVZKLFKFRPSRXQGLW
WKH FRQWURO HQJLQH IRU WKH PRWLRQ RI WKH FRPSRQHQW DUWLILFLDO
HQWLWLHV
WKHIHHGEDFNLQUHDOWLPHRQWKHSDUWRIERWKWKHSDUWLFLSDQWVWRWKH
LQWHUDFWLRQPDQFRPSXWHU
WKHVLPXODWLRQFRQWUROHQJLQHRIWKHEHKDYLRURIWKHV\QWKHWLFDOO\
HQWLWLHV DQG QDWXUDO SKHQRPHQD GHYHORSHG LQ WKH VLPXODWHG
HQYLURQPHQW
7KH PDQ¶V LQWHUDFWLRQ ZLWK WKH HQYLURQPHQW LV GRQH E\ KLV VHQVHV
DQGOLPEV7KLVLQWHUDFWLRQLVELGLUHFWLRQDOHQYLURQPHQWĺKXPDQEHLQJ
WKURXJKWKHVHQVHVDQGKXPDQEHLQJĺHQYLURQPHQWWKURXJKKLVOLPEV
7KH FRQWDFW ZLWK WKH UHDOLW\ RI WKH HQYLURQPHQW LV SHUPDQHQW <HW DW WKH
OHYHORIWKHKXPDQEHLQJ¶VEUDLQWKLVLQWHUDFWLRQFDQEHVLPXODWHG
7KH XVHG GHYLFHV DUH PXOWLPHGLD SHULSKHUDO HTXLSPHQWV 7KH ILJXUH
GLVSOD\VVXFK95HTXLSPHQWV*HQHUDOO\WKHUHDUHXVHG'JODVVHV95
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
+HDGPRXQWHGGLVSOD\'PRQLWRUV95JORYHVVWHHULQJZKHHOVJDPHSDGV
DEOH WR FRPPXQLFDWH ELGLUHFWLRQDO ZLWK WKH YLUWXDO HQYLURQPHQW ³IRUFH
IHHGEDFN´DQGWUDFNHUVIROORZLQJWKHKXPDQERG\¶VPRYHPHQWV
7KH PRVW LPSRUWDQW WHFKQRORJLFDO HIIRUWV DUH RULHQWHG LQ RUGHU WR VLPXODWH
WKHGLPHQVLRQDOYLVLRQDQGWKHWDFWLOHVHQVH
7KHWKUHHGLPHQVLRQDOYLVLRQ
7KH'YLVLRQFDQEHVLPXODWHGE\VWHUHRVFRS\PHDQLQJWKHGLVSOD\RIWZR
RUPRUHLPDJHVSHUFHLYHGE\WKHEUDLQWKURXJKWKHH\HVDQGUHFRPSRXQGHG
E\LWLQDVSDWLDOLPDJHVLPLODUWRZKDWZHQDWXUDOO\SHUFHLYHLQWKHHYHU\GD\
UHDOLW\
7KHQRUPDOKXPDQYLVLRQLVVWHUHRVFRSLF(DFKH\HFDQVHHRQHLPDJH
DQGE\RYHUODSSLQJWKHWZRLPDJHVWKHKXPDQEUDLQUHFHLYHVDQGSURFHVVHV
DILQDOLPDJHZKLFKLV'DWWKHOHYHORISHUFHSWLRQDVLWLVVKRZQLQILJXUH
)LJXUH7KHKXPDQVWHUHRVFRSLFYLVLRQ
7KH VWHUHRVFRSLF YLVXDOL]LQJ HTXLSPHQWV DQG WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ
WHFKQRORJLHV PXVW JHQHUDWH D VHSDUDWH LPDJH IRU HDFK H\H KDYLQJ WKH
GLPHQVLRQV DV FORVH DV SRVVLEOH WR WKH QRUPDO YLVXDO ILHOG DQG RI D KLJK
UHVROXWLRQ 7KHVH LPDJHV DUH UHFHLYHG E\ RXU EUDLQ WKURXJK YLVXDO VHQVRUV
DQGSURFHVVHGLGHQWLFDOO\ZLWKWKHQDWXUDOHQYLURQPHQW
7KH'YLVXDOL]LQJGHYLFHVPRVWIUHTXHQWO\XVHGDUH
D $QDJO\SKLFJODVVHV
E 6KXWWHUJODVVHV
F +HDG0RXQWHG'LVSOD\
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
G 'PRQLWRUV
H 9ROXPHWULFGLVSOD\V
I +RORJUDSKLFGLVSOD\V\VWHPV
J 6WHUHRVFRSLFSURMHFWLRQV\VWHPVZLWK'/3SURMHFWRUV
D$QDJO\SKLFJODVVHVDUHWKHVLPSOHVWGHYLFHVE\ZKLFKZHFDQVHH
' LPDJLQH 7KH\ KDYH FRORUHG OHQVHV ZKLFK DFW DV FRORU ILOWHUV WKH PRVW
IUHTXHQWDUHUHGEOXHRUUHGF\DQ7KH\DUHEDVHGRQWKHLGHDRIVHSDUDWLQJ
DQLPDJHLQWZRVXELPDJHVRQHWKDWWDNHVMXVWWKHUHGWLQWVIURPWKHLQLWLDO
LPDJHDQGWKHRWKHUWDNLQJMXVWWKHEOXHF\DQRQHV7KHWZRLPDJHVVHHQ
IURP GLIIHUHQW SHUVSHFWLYHV FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WR WKH WZR H\HV RYHUODS WKH
UHVXOWEHLQJWKHUHFRPSRXQGLQJRIWKHLQLWLDOLPDJHZKLFKVHHQWKURXJKWKH
DQDJO\SKLFJODVVHVEHFRPHVDWKUHHGLPHQVLRQDOLPDJH
E 7KH VKXWWHU JODVVHV IRU WKH V\VWHPV ZLWK &57 PRQLWRUV KDYH D
/&' VFUHHQ LQ IURQW RI HDFK H\H :KHQ WKH LPDJH IRU WKH OHIW H\H LV
GLVSOD\HGWKHULJKWH\HLVEORFNHG7KHRQRIIVZLWFKRQHDFKH\HLVYHU\IDVW
DQG V\QFKURQL]HG ZLWK WKH JHQHUDWLRQ RI WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ LPDJHV RQ WKH
VFUHHQ ZLWK WKH UHVXOW RI SHUFHLYLQJ D ' LPDJH 8VLQJ WKH ' JODVVHV LQ
RSWLPDO IXQFWLRQLQJ FRQGLWLRQV UHIUHVK IUHTXHQF\ RI +] LV
LGHQWLFDO IURP WKH SRLQW RI YLHZ RI WKH KXPDQ SHUFHSWLRQ ± WR ZDWFKLQJ
ZLWKRXWJODVVHVD79RUDPRQLWRUZLWKDUHIUHVKRI+]
F 7KH +HDG 0RXQWHG 'LVSOD\ UHSUHVHQWV WKH EDVLF HTXLSPHQW RI D
YLUWXDO UHDOLW\ SURIHVVLRQDO V\VWHP 7KH 95 +HDG PRXQWHG GLVSOD\ KDV D
VFUHHQ 7)7 RU /&' LQ IURQW RI HDFK H\H 2Q WKHVH D GLIIHUHQW LPDJH IRU
HDFK H\H LV GLVSOD\HG H[DFWO\ DV IRU WKH KXPDQ VLJKW 7KHUH DUH DOVR KHDG
PRXQWHGGLVSOD\VZLWKLQFRUSRUDWHGYLGHRFDPHUDVZLWKWKHIRFXVLQIURQWRI
HDFK H\H 7ULYLVLR 7HFKQRORJLHV*H 7KH PDLQ SDUDPHWHUV WKH LPDJH
UHVROXWLRQ [ [ HWF WKH ILHOG RI YLVLRQ GLPHQVLRQV D
VWDQGDUG UHFWDQJXODU RU RU HYHQ D EURDG ILHOG RI YLVLRQ TXDVL
LGHQWLFDOZLWKWKHKXPDQRQH
G ' PRQLWRUV DUH VWHUHRVFRSLF YLVXDOL]LQJ HTXLSPHQWV UHODWLYHO\
UHFHQWO\ SURGXFHG 7KH PDLQ FRPSRQHQW RI VXFK D PRQLWRU LV DQ RSWLFDO
GHYLFH ± D PDWULFHDO ³LQ ZDYHV´ VHOHFWLRQ ILOWHU 7KH VFUHHQ GLVSOD\V DQ
LPDJHWKDWLVLQIDFWDFRPELQDWLRQRIPRUHSHUVSHFWLYHVRIWKHVDPHVFHQH
7KHXVHGUHVROXWLRQLV[PXOWLSOLHGE\RUSHUVSHFWLYHVDQG
GLDJRQDOV RI ³RU ³ 7KH ' PRQLWRUV DUH DSSOLHG LQ LQWHUDFWLYH
JUDSKLFSUHVHQWDWLRQVLQFRPPHUFLDOFDPSDLJQVVFLHQWLILFDSSOLFDWLRQVDQG
'GHVLJQSURJUDPV7KHVWHUHRVFRSLFGLVSOD\V\VWHPVZLWKGLPHQVLRQ
P VWDUW WR ILQG WKHLU XWLOL]DWLRQ LQ PDQ\ GRPDLQV LQ ZKLFK WKH WKUHH
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
GLPHQVLRQDO YLVXDOL]DWLRQ ZLWK QR ' JODVVHV LV QHHGHG 7KH ' HIIHFW LV
EDVHG RQ WKH SUHVHQWHG WHFKQRORJ\ EXW LW LV WHPSRUDOO\ SURKLELWLYHO\
H[SHQVLYH
H7KH'YROXPHWULFGLVSOD\VFRQWDLQGLIIHUHQW/&'¶VSODFHGRQH
DIWHU DQRWKHU DQG D '/3 SURMHFWRU DW WKHLU EDFN 7KH OLJKW RI WKH SURMHFWRU
UDSLGO\ VFDQV WKH /&' SDQHOV VXFFHVVLYHO\ SHUPLWWLQJ PRUH WKDQ
FRPSOHWH UHIUHVKHVVHFRQG IRU DOO WKH /&'¶V 7KHVH VSDWLDO GHYLFHV FDQ
GLVSOD\ IXOOFRORU REMHFWV RFFXS\LQJ D VSDWLDO YROXPH DOORZLQJ WKH XVHU WR
KDYHFRPSOHWHDQGFLUFXODUYLVLRQGHJUHHV)RUWKHVWDWLFREMHFWVLQD
VORZ PRYHPHQW WKH ' HIIHFW LV UHPDUNDEO\ FUHDWHG <HW IRU WKRVH LQ IDVW
PRYHPHQW VRPHWLPHV HUURUV PD\ RFFXU $GGLWLRQDOO\ WKH SULFH RI WKHVH
GHYLFHV LV QRQFRPSHWLWLYH DURXQG 7KH DFWXDO WHFKQRORJ\ LV
KRZHYHUSURPLVLQJDQGLWFRQWLQXHVGHYHORSLQJWKHUHIRUHLWFRXOGEHDJRRG
VROXWLRQLQWKHIXWXUH
7KHKRORJUDSKLFGLVSOD\V\VWHPVREWDLQ'LPDJHVE\FRPELQLQJWKH
LPDJHVIRUWKHOHIWH\H/ZLWKWKRVHIRUWKHULJKWRQH5RQDKRORJUDSKLF
GLJLWDO GLVSOD\ 7KH V\VWHP DFFHSWV LPDJHV LQ VWHUHRVFRSLF IRUPDWV EHLQJ
DOVR FRPSDWLEOH ZLWK WKH ' JUDSKLF VRIWZDUH 7KHVH KRORJUDSKLF GHYLFHV
DUH PRUH DQG PRUH XVHG LQ DGYHUWLVLQJ 7KH KRORJUDPV DUH QRW D
WHFKQRORJLFDOQRYHOW\EXWWKHWRWDOKRORJUDSKLFLPDJHVGHJUHHVYLVLEOH
FRORU KLJK UHVROXWLRQ PRYLQJ DQG IORDWLQJ LQ VSDFH KDYH EHFRPH SRVVLEOH
RQO\UHFHQWO\
I 6WHUHRVFRSLF SURMHFWLRQ V\VWHPV DOORZ WKH GLVSOD\ RI WKH
VWHUHRVFRSLFLPDJHVWKURXJKWKH'/3YLGHRSURMHFWRUV2QHRIWKHIROORZLQJ
VWHUHRVFRSLFVROXWLRQVFDQEHXVHG
9HUWLFDODQGKRUL]RQWDOSRODUL]DWLRQRIWKH/DQG5LPDJHVGRQH
E\ WKH WZR '/3 SURMHFWRUV VHSDUDWHG IRU WKH WZR LPDJHV
FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WR WKH OHIW UHVSHFWLYHO\ ULJKW H\H 7KH
YLVXDOL]DWLRQ LV GRQH WKURXJK JODVVHV KDYLQJ OLQHDUO\ RU
FLUFXODUO\SRODUL]HGOHQVHV
3DJH)OLSSLQJZLWKVKRWGHOD\PHDQWWRSUHYHQWWKH³*KRVWLQJ´
SKHQRPHQRQ XVXDOO\ SUHVHQW ZLWK WKH &57 PRQLWRUV 7KH
YLVXDOL]DWLRQLVGRQHE\'VKXWWHUJODVVHV
$OWKRXJK VRPH RI WKHVH HTXLSPHQWV DUH YHU\ VRSKLVWLFDWHG DQG
IUHTXHQWO\YHU\H[SHQVLYHWKH\DUHWHPSRUDOO\QRWDEOHWRSURYLGHDSHUIHFW
VLPXODWLRQ RI WKH QDWXUDO ' VLJKW 2 VHULHV RI WHFKQLFDO OLPLWDWLRQV
GHWHUPLQH HLWKHU UHSUHVHQWLQJ HUURUV RI WKH VLPXODWHG REMHFWV RU WKH
DSSHDUDQFHRIVRPHXQGHVLUHGJKRVWV
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
7DFWLOHVHQVH
7KH KDSWLF LV WKH VFLHQWLILF GRPDLQ WKDW VWXGLHV WKH VLPXODWLRQ RI WKH
SUHVVXUH WH[WXUH WHPSHUDWXUH YLEUDWLRQ DQG RWKHU VHQVDWLRQV SHUFHLYHG E\
WKH WDFWLOH VHQVH ,W LV D GHYHORSLQJ WHFKQRORJ\ 7KH DYDLODEOH V\VWHPV DUH
EDVHG RQ GHYLFHV LQ ZKLFK WKH ILQJHUV DUH LQWURGXFHG 7KH SUHVVXUH
FRQQHFWHG VHQVRUV DOORZ WKH XVHU WR ³IHHO´ WKH LPDJHV RQ WKH VFUHHQ WR
H[SORUHWKHPWRIHHOWKHPFROGRUZDUPKDUGRUVRIWURXJKRUVPRRWK
7KHFRPSOHWHVLPXODWLRQRIWKHWDFWLOHVHQVHVXSSRVHVWKDWWKHXVHUKDV
WKH IHHOLQJ WKDW KHVKH FDQ FDWFK DQG PDQLSXODWH WKH REMHFWV LQ WKH YLUWXDO
UHDOLW\7KLVLQYROYHVQRWRQO\FUHDWLQJWKHDSSUHKHQVLRQEXWDOVRPRGLI\LQJ
WKHSRVLWLRQRIWKHREMHFWVE\GLUHFWPDQLSXODWLRQ
6LPXODWLQJ WKH WDFWLOH VHQVH DGGV LQWHUHVWLQJ DSSOLFDWLRQV LQ GRPDLQ
VXFKDV
x ,QGXVWULDOGHVLJQ
x 6LPXODWRUV IRU WUDLQLQJ WKH SLORWV DVWURQDXWV GULYHUV VSRUWVSHRSOH
HWF
x (GXFDWLRQ
x 0HGLFLQH
x 9LUWXDOVFLHQWLILFH[SHULPHQWV
x &RPSXWHUJDPHV
x (QWHUWDLQPHQW
$Q LQWHUHVWLQJ DSSOLFDWLRQ ZRXOG EH WKDW RI YLUWXDOO\ FUHDWLQJ DQG
PDQLSXODWLQJ RQ WKH FRPSXWHU VRPH LPSRVVLEOH REMHFWV VXFK DV WKH
³0RHEXV¶%DQG´
7KH EHVWNQRZQ WDFWLOH VLPXODWLRQ GHYLFH LV WKH 6HQVRULDO RU GDWD
JORYHSUHVHQWHGLQILJXUH7KLVGHYLFHKDVIRUHDFKILQJHUDQGIRUHDFK
SDOP VPDOO YLEUDWRWDFWLOH VLPXODWRUV (DFK VLPXODWRU FDQ EH LQGLYLGXDOO\
SURJUDPPHGWRRIIHUWKHVHQVDWLRQRIWRXFKLQJ
7KH VLPXODWRUV FDQ JHQHUDWH D ZKROH DUHD RI SXOVDWLRQ RU VXVWDLQHG
YLEUDWLRQV VHQVDWLRQV %\ FRPELQLQJ WKHP D FRPSOH[ WDFWLOH IHHGEDFN
SDWWHUQFDQEHJHQHUDWHG7KHXVHUKDVWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIFUHDWLQJKLVSURILOH
E\KLPVHOI7KHUHLVDOVRWKHSRVVLELOLW\RILQWURGXFLQJLQWKHPDWHULDORIWKH
JORYHVRPHFRQGXFWRUSODWHVWKDW KDYHWKHSURSHUW\RIZDUPLQJRUFRROLQJ
XSDFFRUGLQJWRWKHSRODULW\DSSOLHGDWWKHLQSXWHOHFWURGHV
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
)LJXUH6HQVRULDOJORYH
'HVFULSWLYHILOHVIRUWKH95ZRUOGV
95/0±9LUWXDO5HDOLW\0RGHOLQJ/DQJXDJHXVXDOO\SURQRXQFHGYHUPDO
± LV D VWDQGDUG IRUPDW ILOH IRU UHSUHVHQWLQJ WKH ' LQWHUDFWLYH YHFWRULDO
JUDSKLFV HVSHFLDOO\ FRQFHLYHG IRU WKH :RUOG :LGH :HE $ ILOH EDVHG RQ
95/0 LV XVXDOO\ D WH[W ILOH LQ ZKLFK WKH FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI WKH YLUWXDO
HOHPHQWV DUH GHVFULEHG )RU H[DPSOH IRU D ' SRO\JRQ ERWK WKH IHDWXUHV
UHIHUULQJDWLWVSRVLWLRQLQVSDFHDQGWKRVHUHIHUULQJWRLWVFRORUWH[WXUHFDQ
EHLQGLFDWHG
,Q DGGLWLRQ DQLPDWLRQ VRXQGV UHSUHVHQWDWLRQV RI OLJKW VRXUFHV DQG RWKHU
YLUWXDODVSHFWVFDQEHDGGHGWRLQWHUDFWZLWKWKHXVHURUWKH\FDQEHLQGXFHG
E\DQH[WHUQDOHYHQWIRULQVWDQFHE\DWLPHU
95/0 ILOHV DUH FXUUHQWO\ QDPHG ³ZRUOGV´ DQG WKH\ KDYH WKH ZUO
H[WHQVLRQ7KH\DUHJHQHUDOO\FRPSUHVVHGWREHPRUHUDSLGO\WUDQVIHUUHGRQ
,QWHUQHW0RVWRIWKH'PRGHOLQJSURJUDPVFDQVDYHREMHFWVDQGVFHQHVLQ
95/0 IRUPDW ,Q RUGHU WR PRQLWRU WKH FROOHFWLYH GHYHORSPHQW RI WKLV
VWDQGDUG DQG WR HQVXUH WKH FRPSDWLELOLW\ EHWZHHQ WKH YHUVLRQV WKH :HE'
&RQVRUW ZDV PDGH XS 7KH ILUVW 95/0 YHUVLRQ DSSHDUHG LQ 1RYHPEHU
7KH ODVW RIILFLDO YHUVLRQ ZDV 95/0 DOVR XVHG RQ VRPH ' FKDW
VLWHV(YHQWXDOO\95/0ZDVH[FHOOHGE\;'
$QDOH6HULD,QIRUPDWLFă9RO9IDVF,
$QQDOV&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH6HULHVWK7RPHVW)DVF
7KHH[WHQVLEOH';'LVDVWDQGDUGFRQFHLYHGIRUWKH'FRQWHQW
GHOLYHU\ DQG UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ ,W FRPELQHV ERWK WKH JHRPHWULF SURSRUWLRQV RI
WKH REMHFWV DQG WKHLU EHKDYLRUDO GHVFULSWLRQV WKH ZD\ DQ REMHFW EHKDYH
GXULQJUXQQLQJLQRQHILOHWKDWPD\KDYHGLIIHUHQWIRUPDWVLQFOXGLQJ;0/
,W LV DOVR WKH QH[W VWHS DIWHU 95/0 DQG LWV DUFKLWHFWXUH LQFRUSRUDWHV
ERWK WKH PRVW UHFHQW GHYHORSPHQWV LQ WKH GRPDLQ RI WKH JUDSKLF
UHSUHVHQWDWLRQKDUGZDUHDVZHOODVWKHLPSURYHPHQWVEDVHGRQWKH\HDUVRI
H[SHULHQFHRIWKHFRPPXQLW\WKDWKDVGHYHORSHG950/
&RQFOXVLRQV
7KH9LUWXDO5HDOLW\LVDUHFHQWUHVHDUFKGRPDLQEXWWKHSURJUHVVHVPDGHLQ
WKH ODVW IHZ \HDUV E\ WKH FRPSDQLHV GHYHORSLQJ 95 V\VWHPV SURYH WKDW LQ
WKH QH[W IXWXUH WKLV WHFKQRORJ\ ZLOO EH KLJKTXDOLW\ DQG FKHDS HQRXJK WR
EHFRPHFRPPRQJRRG
95¶V DSSOLFDWLRQV VHHP WR JURZ LQ QXPEHU DQG GLYHUVLI\ FRYHULQJ
YHU\GLIIHUHQWGRPDLQVIURPUHVHDUFKWRHQWHUWDLQPHQW7KXVWKHLQWHUHVWLQ
LWVGHYHORSPHQWLVTXLWHKLJK
%LEOLRJUDSK\
>%UR@ ) 3 %URRNV -U ± :KDW
V 5HDO $ERXW 9LUWXDO 5HDOLW\" ,(((
&RPSXWHU*UDSKLFV$QG$SSOLFDWLRQV
>%&@ * %XUGHD 3 &RIIHW ± 9LUWXDO 5HDOLW\ 7HFKQRORJ\ 6HFRQG
(GLWLRQ:LOH\,(((3UHVV
>.DO@ 5 6 .DODZVN\ ± 7KH 6FLHQFH RI 9LUWXDO 5HDOLW\ DQG 9LUWXDO
(QYLURQPHQWV $ 7HFKQLFDO 6FLHQWLILF DQG (QJLQHHULQJ
5HIHUHQFH RQ 9LUWXDO (QYLURQPHQWV $GGLVRQ:HVOH\
:RNLQJKDP(QJODQG5HDGLQJ0DVV
>.UX@ 0 : .UXHJHU ± $UWLILFLDO 5HDOLW\ ,, $GGLVRQ:HVOH\
5HDGLQJ0DVVDFKXVHWWV
>/%@ - /DQLHU - ) %LRFFD ± $Q ,QVLGHU
V 9LHZ RI WKH )XWXUH RI
9LUWXDO 5HDOLW\ -RXUQDO RI &RPPXQLFDWLRQV
KWWSHQZLNLSHGLDRUJZLNL'BGLVSOD\