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COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Corporate Governance
Final Project Report
Submitted To:
Sir Javed Zafar
Submitted By:
Corporate Objectives
To make as much profit as possible, maintain a high reputation and increase market
share.
Vision Statement
Apple Computer is committed to protecting the environment, health and safety of our
employees, customers and the global communities 'where we operate. We recognize
that by integrating sound environmental, health and safety management practices into
all aspects of our business, we can offer technologically innovative products and
services while conserving and enhancing resources for future generations. Apple strives
for continuous improvement in environmental, health and safety management systems
and in the environmental quality of our products, processes and services.
Mission Statement
Mac mini
iMac
Mac Pro
MacBook
MacBook Air
MacBook Pro
Xserve
2. iPad
3. iPod
4. iPhone
5. Apple TV
6. Software
APPLE has overtaken Google as the world's most valuable brand, say experts.
The internet search giant had occupied the top spot for four years but Apple's sparkling array
of consumer goods has propelled it into first place.
The brand belonging to the maker of the coveted iPhone and iPad is worth £93.5BILLION
according to a global brands agency.
Apple had already shot past Microsoft last year as the world's most valuable technology
company in the annual BrandZ study of the world's top 100 brands.
Peter Walshe, from agency Millward Brown, said attention to detail secured Apple the top
spot.
"It's doing what luxury brands do, where the higher price the brand is, the more it seems to
underpin and reinforce the desire.
"Obviously, it has to be allied to great products and a great experience, and Apple has
nurtured that."
In the top ten Google was second, IBM third, McDonald's fourth and Microsoft fifth.
The agency uses firms' own opinion of their brand worth as well as consumer opinion to
make its valuations.
Jobs graduated from high school in 1972 and briefly attended Reed College in Portland
In 1975 he Joined Homebrew Computer Club. After a period of one year in 1976 he
formed Apple Computer Company with Steve Wozniak in a garage in santaclara
California.
In his career he introduced Apple I, Apple II & Macintosh but the failure of macintosh
raised many conflicts among management and Steve Jobs
In 1985 he was forced to resigned from Apple due to conflicts raised with John Sculley.
Jobs married Laurene Powell, on March 18, 1991.
In 1997 he was again joined as interim chief executive officer (CEO) of Apple and after
that Steve Jobs is still CEO of Apple Inc.
He always looked at things from the perspective of what was the user’s experience
going to be.
Steve Jobs run recycling programs to make Apple an environmental friendly
corporation in order to meet vision. This program includes shipping and
"environmentally friendly disposal" of their old systems. Also the packing is made
smaller and the products are lead free and recyclable.
Apple said in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Friday it paid a
salary of $1 to Jobs, who rejoined the company in 1997 and has overseen the company's
explosive growth following the launch of the iPod, the iPhone and now the iPad.
As is customary, Jobs got no bonus or perks during the fiscal year that ended Sept. 25,
2010. Apple said it reimbursed Jobs $248,000 for company travel on his personal jet, a
$90 million Gulfstream V he received as a bonus in 1999. This is well above the $4,000
Apple reimbursed its CEO in 2009, when Jobs was on medical leave for nearly six
months.
Jobs, however, holds 5.5 million of Apple's shares, which gained about 60 percent in
value during the fiscal year and have continued to rise since. Apple's shares closed at
$333.73 on Thursday, bringing the value of Jobs' personal holdings to $1.84 billion.
Salary $1.00
Bonus $0.00
Restricted stock awards $0.00
All other compensation $0.00
Option awards $ $0.00
Non-equity incentive plan compensation $0.00
Change in pension value and nonqualified deferred $0.00
compensation earnings
Total Compensation $1.00
Bill Campbell
Chairman and former CEO
Intuit Corp.
Millard Drexler
Chairman and CEO
J. Crew
Albert Gore
Former Vice President of the United States
Steve Jobs
CEO
Apple
Andrea Jung
Chairman and CEO
Avon Products
Arthur D. Levinson
Chairman
Genentech
Ronald D. Sugar
Former Chairman and CEO
Northrop Grumman Corporation
AUDIT AND FINANCE COMMITTEE
The Audit and Finance Committee consists of three members Campbell, York and
D. Levinson. All of the members are independent directors under the NASDAQ and SEC
audit committee structure.
The Audit Committee is primarily responsible for assisting the Board by reviewing
the financial statement, services performed by registered public accounting firm and
internal audit department. It will evaluate accounting policies and internal control
system that board and management has established. It will appoint independent auditor
and will review scope of audit and audit fee.
Audit committee may review with management any equity investments, acquisitions
that may have any current or future effect on financial condition, operational result,
liquidity, capital resources, capital reserves, or other important components of revenues
or expenses.
Committee can make suggestions regarding size, structure and formation of board
and also can review corporate governance policiesand may ask for any modifications if
required.It can perform such other functions as assigned by law or the Corporation’s
charter.
Compensation Committee
Compensation committee is consisting of four members Campbell, Drexler, Gore
and Andrea Jung. The Compensation Committee should conduct and review with the
board an annual evaluation of the performance of all executive officers, including the
CEO. This review is used by the Compensation Committee in the course of its
deliberations when considering the compensation of the CEO and senior management.
The CEO performance evaluation is also reviewed by the board to ensure that the CEO is
providing effective leadership for the Company. As part of the annual CEO evaluation,
the board and the CEO should conduct an annual review on management
development and succession planning for senior management, including the CEO.
Speaker 2
Project Report
Ubaid-ullah-Jan
FA09-MBE-021
History
Apple was founded in 1976 in a garage in Santa Clara, California. Apple is the brainchild
of Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs. They were two college dropouts who attempted to
provide a user friendly computer to a new computer markets. First of all they
introduced Apple I. Apple was incorporated on January 3, 1977. For more than two
decades, Apple Computer was a manufacturer of personal computers including the
Apple II, Macintosh, and Power Mac lines. Between 1978 and 1980, sales increased from
$7.8 million to $117 million, and in 1980 the company experienced its initial public
stock offering. In 1983, Steve Wozinak left Apple. That same year Steve Jobs hired John
Sculley from Pepsi to be the company's president. Main purpose of hiring John Sculley
was to use its marketing skills.
They thought they would ship 80,000 units by the end of 1984 and had produced them
in advance but their overestimated expectations of the Macintosh sales could not be
met.
Moreover, at the 1985 annual meeting, Jobs and Sculley neglected the fact that 70% of
the company's sales were still due to the Apple II, whereas the Macintosh contribution
was only 30%. Many sophisticated Apple II designers were annoyed and left the
company.
Steve Jobs became angry because of the continuing drop in Macintosh sales (merely
2,500 units in March 1985). He blamed everyone for it except for himself. Steve just did
not see that the problem was with him. In the end he blamed even Sculley and wanted
to lead the company himself.
In May 1985 Sculley dismissed Steve from his positions as the vice president and as the
leader of the Macintosh division. Now Steve Jobs was free of all managerial powers.
Additionally, while CEO of Apple John Sculley ignored Microsoft founder Bill Gate’s
appeal for Apple to license the Macintosh operating system to Microsoft. Gates
purchased and developed the DOS operating system, which has become the
international operating standard for more than 90% of all personal computers in the
world.
By the late 1993s, competition from Microsoft's Windows operating system caused the
earnings of Apple to decline, forcing a reduction in the Apple workforce and the
resignation of John Sculley. In 1997 Gilbert Amelio set proposal of purchase of the
company NextStep from Apple founder Steve Jobs. The NeXT operating system was a
vast improvement over the outdated Macintosh operating system. At the time of the
purchase it was hoped that the NeXT operating system could be used to upgrade and
overhaul the Macintosh operating system.
Apple had a multibillion dollars loss during the Amelio tenure. On the 4 July 1997
weekend, Jobs convinced the directors to expel Amelio and Steve Jobs returned as
interim CEO on 16th September. Jobs took immediate control of Apple by creating a
surprising relationship with Microsoft which included releasing a Macintosh version of
Microsoft's popular office software.
Apple implemented other cost saving measures, including canceling the Newton
handheld device and the production of printers. In addition Jobs reduced Apple's
product line of 12 versions of the Macintosh computer that were none profitably. Jobs
refocused Apple to concentrate on two markets: consumer and professional.
The professional series of Macintosh computers was Power Mac desktop series and the
PowerBook laptop series. The consumer series was the iMac desktop series and the
iBook laptop series.
Steve Job's real value for Apple has been his willingness to be innovative. Shortly after
his return as CEO Jobs supervise the introduction of the iMac line of personal computers.
In a world that had seen the personal computer become anything but personal, iMac
was a champion. Under Jobs, Apple is again the innovator of the computer market. His
leadership has led to the adoption of USB and later Firewire ports for digital connection.
Financial Statements
1.Balance Sheet
Preferred Stock 0 0 0
Common Equity 47.79 31.64 22.3
Common Stock 10.67 8.21 7.18
Capital Surplus — — —
Other Appropriated Reserves -0.61 -0.93 —
Retained Earnings 37.17 23.35 15.13
Unrealized Foreign Exchange Gain (Loss) 0.35 0.28 0.61
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Marketable -0.81 0.49 -0.7
Securities
Treasury Stock 0 0 0
Total Liabilities & Shareholders Equity 75.18 47.5 36.07
Common Shares Outstanding 915.97 M 899.81 M 888.33 M
2.Income statement / Profit & loss account
Operating Expenses
Non-recurring Events - - -
Discontinued Operations - - -
Other Items
iPHONE
APPLE TV
APP STORE
Macbook Air
Mac Notebook
4th generation iPHONE
Multi touch iPODnano
iPAD
iPOD touch
facetime
iPOD shuffle
Mac OS X Lion
iLIFE
iWORK
Rumors : Some rumors about Apple are that they are going to introduce iphone5.
Annual Dividend
Apple has been hitting new highs just about every day. Yesterday the stock price hit an
intraday high of $333.73, a lofty height indeed. We pointed out earlier that Apple now
has the fourth largest market cap of any publicly traded domestic company, so maybe
it's time to revisit the question of Apple declaring dividends on its stock.
Apple has not declared a dividend since December of 1995. After the last shareholder
meeting, Steve Jobs stated that the money was best left in the bank so there would be no
question of loans if something big was to be bought. "The cash in the bank gives us
tremendous flexibility," explained Steve.
A case is also made for keeping the money as preparation for the next big recession.
This doesn't seem to hold much water, however, since analysts predict that Apple will
grow by 18% per year for the next five years. That should provide more than enough
cash, predicting that Apple will report net income of around $21 billion in 2014.
Earnings per Share:
Apple is able to create better profits for shareholders investment. Its earnings per share
are increasing year by year and are creating shareholders value. In year 2006 EPS was
$2.36. It increased to 4.04 in FY2007 and going on further in FY2008 $6.94, FY2009
$9.22 and FY2010 $15.41. Apple earnings per share are increased with high percentage
in FY2010 as compared to previous financial years
Apple is mainly facing strong business challenges from itscompetitors, and currently
it’s surviving very effectively and efficiently. Its strong competitors include IBM, DELL,
HPQ, MICROSOFT etc. While among first three of them, APPLE have a highest market
share but Microsoft is on higher level than it. In comparison to the dell, it’s quarterly
revenue growth is 66.7% while dell have only 19.40%.
It’s also facing the challenges of government regulations which is unforeseen for it. In
the future, it need to have further adaptation to the environment, like they recently
launched new products( i-e- further new products development). They should focus on
more promotion of existing products and on its R&D department. In the long future,
they will suffer tough challenges from it’s international competitors.
Further, in the future, there will be the increased competition, compressed product
lifecyclesetc
After looking at the company’s present financial position in comparison with the
previous fiscal years, i expect that the firm is further going to perform very well,
because a boost in the firm’s earnings is seen in FY 2010. but the company has
described that it’s going to launch new products in the next fiscal year which
resultantly decreases it’s gross margin to about 36% due to increase in costs.
Speaker 3
Project Report
Raja Saqib
FA09-MBE-013
Apple’s social responsibility nightmare
Apple is making the headlines again lately, and this time, it’s not with good news.
Foxconn, a key electronics manufacturer that assembles Apple’s iPhones and iPads, has
seen yet another employee suicide: the eleventh suicide effort in the last year, and ninth
successful one. Nan Gang, a 21-year old employee of the company, died after jumping off
the four-storey building. But wait – this isn’t new. We’ve seen this before. The question
is why it is still happening, and happening so regularly.
Last year, the world learned of another worker who took his own life. Sun Danyong, a
25-year old recent university graduate reported that one of the Apple prototype phones
had gone missing. He was subsequently interrogated again and again, and had his
apartment searched. Several days later, he was dead – having jumped out of a 12th floor
window of his building.
In 2006, Apple was shaken by reports in the Daily Mail outlining the details and
providing images of the harsh working conditions where iPods are made. In one of the
Foxconn factories, each worker dorm room was found to house 100 low-paid workers
where there was also a full ban in place on any visits to workers from anyone outside
the plant. In addition to this, workers were pushed to work for up to 15 hours a day and
punished severely for actions as simple as not standing still in the assembly line. At the
time, Apple investigated the conditions and produced a report announcing that the
majority of Apple’s policies were met, although admitting that there a few areas that
needed to be addressed.
This incidence takes on even more consequence in light of Apple’s new shareholders
meeting in February 2010 in which Apple proudly took a strong stand on the leadership
position and progress it has made in the area of social liability and sustainability. At the
meeting, Apple claimed to be the first to work with its suppliers on environmental
issues and worker education and protection.
It looks like Apple, if they want to truly put their money where their mouths are, need to
take a harder standpoint on their suppliers on workplace values and the treatment of
workers. It would appear that the culture of privacy has been successfully enforced
according to Apple’s requirements – to the point where an employee would choose
leaping out of a window to his death than face further interrogation by the company he
works for. But what about the worker’s treatment itself? Surely it can be enforced to a
far greater extent. Apple certainly has the power, but do they have the actual
commitment and conviction?
Foxcann Facilities (Photo credit: The Wall Street Journal)
Steven P. Jobs was recently named (again) the awesome CEO on the planet, but is it
possible he could also be cast in the Scrooge role this Holiday Season? On a day when 26
year-old It Boy Mark Zuckerberg is making headlines for pledging (along with Face book
co-founder Dustin Muscovite) to join the likes of former Microsoft CEO Bill Gates in
giving the majority of his personal wealth to charity, a New York Times news piece
recounts the difficulty non-profit organizations have encountered raising funds through
in-app donations using iOS mobile apps.
By Brian Thurston As more companies are making a case for profits with more
sustainable product offerings, who is rising to the forefront? And should we be
applauding those going beyond compliance, while at the same time be concerned with
their motives? Have you heard? In a heavily circulated press release last fall, research
done by TDG showed that consumers considered Apple to be the most environmentally
friendly consumer technology brand, while a study released last year by the Geneva
based firm Covalence, which covers the ethical reputation of companies, lists HP and
Dell number one and three respectively in the “best ethical quote score” category,
whereas Apple doesn’t even fall in the top ten. Around the same time Apple announced
the release of their “greenest” laptops ever, and unless you’ve been living under a rock,
you’ve seen how their latest ad campaign has centered on these assertions ever since.
So -- is this true? In January of this year, Greenpeace released their latest 'Guide to
Greener Electronics' report ranking Apple below both Dell and HP (Greenpeace says
that Apple “refused” to participate) and in February the As You Sow Foundation
criticized Apple for its lack of public commitment to greenhouse gas reductions, and
questioned Apple’s transparency, claiming that of the big four IT companies, Apple has
disclosed the least. post-continues.gif our-sponsor-message.gif Well, if your head isn’t
spinning yet, this past week, a GreenFactor study released by Strategic Oxygen and Cohn
& Wolfe, revealed Dell to be the number one green technology brand. Confusing? Yes,
and you’re not alone. Consumer spending is down, and the markets are hemorrhaging,
yet new reports and branding campaigns touting sustainability and corporate social
responsibility seem to still be a favorite flavor for advertising campaigns and appear to
pop up around us daily. Without question, these reports are important and necessary in
terms or precision and building credibility. Beyond those working in corporate
sustainability, does the consumer, or the companies themselves, even care? The data
appears to be an unequivocal yes.
Raphael Goldman, Mr. Devine’s lawyer, said “It appears that it will be very time-
consuming, and difficult — if not impossible — to transfer these funds from Korea into
the United States.”
The Judge ordered Mr. Devine to continue cooperating with authorities in the case and
to help identify any foreign bank accounts he may still have. “If you feel he is not doing
that, then you come back and we will talk about it,” the Judge told Assistant U.S.
Attorney Michelle Kane.
According to the charge, Devine has sold company’s secret information to the suppliers
which were used by them to negotiate favored supply contracts with Apple. It costed
Apple millions of dollars, reported a Market watch story.
The US Securities and Exchange Commission has charged former Apple general counsel
Nancy Heinen with fraud, alleging that she participated in the underreporting of
corporate expenses by $40 million. That underreporting is allegedly on account of
having backdated options grants to Apple executives, including CEO Steve Jobs.
Anderson has agreed to disgorge the surplus value, which amounts to the rise in value
between January and February - according to the SEC, $3.49 million, plus $150,000 in
fines.
Heinen is also accused of arranging a grant of 15 million options to Jobs in December 18,
2001, which was backdated to Apple's October 19 stock value. An internal Apple
investigation last December revealed that board meetings that are recorded on Apple's
books as having approved this particular grant, never actually happened. What's more,
another $20.3 million in compensation expenses were never recorded.
A former Apple executive who settled charges linked to stock-options fraud said Tuesday he
warned chief executive Steve Jobs about potential accounting problems related to the executive
awards.
"Heinen and Anderson, among other things, violated the anti-fraud provisions of federal
securities laws, made or caused to be made materially false statements to Apple's auditors,
falsified books and records, and caused Apple to falsely report financial results," according to a
complaint filed in federal court in the Silicon Valley city of San Jose, California.
The SEC said Heinen's actions led Apple, known for its fashionable computers and popular iPod
digital music players, to misreport its expenses by nearly 40 million dollars.
The SEC charges follow a high level SEC probe into Apple's stock option practices. Prosecutors
are seeking financial penalties against Heinen and want to stop her serving again as an officer or
director of a public company.
Officials said the SEC would not be bringing any charges against Apple due to its "extensive"
cooperation with the government's probe.