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KINGS
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
NAME OF THE SUBJECT: TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION ENGINEERING
UNIT- I
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
PART- A (2 MARKS)
1. What is meant by power supply system?
2. What is meant by Transmission and Distribution system?
3. What are the different types of Power supply system?
4. What are the various components of power supply system?
5. What are the different types of power plants?
6. What are the different operating voltages used for generation, primary and
secondary transmission in AC power supply systems in India?
7. Define – Feeder, distributor and service mains.
8. List the advantages of high voltage transmission.
9. State Kelvin’s law.
10. What are the limitations of Kelvin’s law?
11. Define – Break-even distance.
12. List the disadvantages of DC transmission.
13. List the different types of DC links.
14. Define – Short Circuit Ratio (SCR)
15. What are the limitations of high voltage transmission?
16. List the various types of distribution systems.
17.List the different types of distribution systems based on connection
18. What are the different components of a distribution system?
19. What is meant by SCADA?
20. What are the limitations of HVDC system?
21. List the two merits of HVDC system
22. List the HVDC systems present and which are in operation in India.
23. List the applications of HVDC system.
PART- B
1.(a) Discuss various types of HVDC links. (8)
(b) List out the main components of a HVDC system. (8)
2.(a) Draw and explain the structure of modern power systems with typical
voltage levels. (13)
(b) What is the highest voltage level available in India? (3)
3. (a). Explain the effect of high voltage on volume of copper and on efficiency.(8)
(b) Explain why the transmission lines are 3 phase 3-wire circuits while
distribution lines are 3 phase 4-wire circuits. (8)
4. (a) Draw the model power system with single line representation. Show its
essential constituent sections. (6)
(b) What are the AC transmission and distribution level voltages we have in
India? (4)
(c) What are the different kinds of DC links? Draw relevant diagrams. (6)
5. (a) Explain why EHV transmission is preferred? What are the problems
involved in EHV AC transmission? (8)
(b) With neat schematic, explain the principle of HVDC system operation. (8)
UNIT- II
PART- A (2 MARKS)
1. Define Skin effect.
2. What is meant by proximity effect?
3. List out the advantages of double circuit lines.
4. Define - Self and mutual – G.M.D.
5. What is meant by inductive interference?
6. What is transposition of conductors?
7. State why transposition of line conductors are needed?
8. List the advantages of bundled conductors.
9. What are the factors that affect the skin effect?
10. Why the effective resistance is more than the static resistance of a
transmission line?
11. Why does a transmission lines have resistance, inductance, and
capacitance?
12. List the factors that governing the capacitance of a transmission line.
13. What is ACSR conductor?
14. What is fictitious conductor radius?
15. State the advantages of double circuit line over single circuit line.
16. Define unsymmetrical spacing.
17. Define symmetrical spacing.
18. Define capacitor.
19. What do you understand by inductive interference?
PART- B
1. From the fundamentals derive an expression for inductance of a single phase
transmission system. (16)
5. (a) Derive the expression for inductance of a two wire 1Φ transmission line (8)
(b) Derive the expression for capacitance of a 1Φ transmission line (8)
7. (a) Explain clearly the skin effect and the proximity effects when referred to
overhead lines. (8)
(b) Write a short note on the inductive interference between power and
communication lines. (8)
8. (a) Derive the expression for the capacitance per phase of the 3 Φ double
circuit line flat vertical spacing with transposition. (8)
(b) A 3 Φ overhead transmission line has its conductors arranged at the
corners of an equilateral triangle of 2m side. Calculate the capacitance of
each line conductor per km. Given the diameter of each conductor is
1.25cm. (8)
10. Discuss the concept of GMR and GMD in the calculation of transmission line
inductance. (16)
UNIT- III
PART- A (2 MARKS)
1. Classify overhead transmission lines.
2. Define transmission efficiency.
3. What is a transmission line?
4. List out the common methods of representation of medium transmission lines.
5. Define regulation of power transmission line.
PART- B
3. Derive the expressions for sending end voltage in nominal T method and end
Condenser method. (16)
factor. Find the sending end voltage, current, power and power factor using
nominal π method. (8)
7. Determine the efficiency and regulation of a three phase 200 km, 50Hz
transmission line delivering 100MW at a pf of 0.8 lagging and 33kV to a balanced
load. The conductors are of copper, each having resistance 0.1 Ω/km, and 1.5cm
outside dia, spaced equilaterally 2m between centres. Neglect leakage reactance
and use nominal T and π methods. (16)
8. (a) Explain the Ferranti effect with a phasor diagram and its causes. (6)
(b) Explain the classification of lines based on their length of transmission. (4)
(c) What are ABCD constants. (6)
UNIT- IV
PART- A ( 2 MARKS)
1. What is the purpose of insulator?
2. What are the important characteristics that an overhead line insulator must
provide?
3. What are the materials used for overhead line insulators?
4. List out various types of insulators used for overhead transmission lines.
5. Mention the advantages of the pin type insulator.
6. What are the main causes for failure of insulators?
7. What are the different tests that are conducted on an insulator?
8. How is 50% dry flash over voltage obtained?
9. Write short notes on puncture test.
10. Define impulse ratio.
11. What is meant by bridage?
12. What are the routine tests conducted on insulators?
13. What are the performance tests conducted on insulators?
14. What are the merits of under ground cables?
PART- B
1.Discuss any two methods to increase the value of string efficiency, with
suitable sketches. (16)
2.Explain any two methods of grading of cables with necessary diagrams. (16)
3. (a) What are different methods to improve string efficiency of an insulator? (8)
(b) In a 3-unit insulator, the joint to tower capacitance is 20% of the
capacitance of each unit. By how much should the capacitance of the lowest unit
be increased to get a string efficiency of 90%. The remaining two units are left
unchanged. (8)
4.(a) Derive the expression for insulator resistance, capacitance and electric
stress in a single core cable. Where is the stress maximum and minimum? (8)
(b) A single core 66kv cable working on 3-phase system has a conductor
diameter of 2cm and sheath of inside diameter 5.3cm. If two inner sheaths are
introduced in such a way that the stress varies between the same maximum and
minimum in the three layers find:
i. position of inner sheaths
ii. voltage on the linear sheaths
iii. maximum and minimum stress (8)
iv.
5.(a) Draw the schematic diagram of a pin type insulator and explain its
function (8)
(b) A 3 phase overhead transmission line is being supported by three disc
insulators. The potential across top unit (i.e. near the tower) and the
middle unit are 8kV and 11kV respectively. Calculate,
i. The ratio of capacitance between pin and earth to the self
capacitance of each unit (4)
ii. Line Voltage (2)
iii. String Efficiency (2)
6.(a) Describe with the neat sketch, the construction of a 3 core belted type
cable. (8)
(b) A conductor of 1cm diameter passes centrally through porcelain cylinder of
internal diameter 2 cms and external diameter 7cms. The cylinder is
surrounded by a tightly fitting metal sheath. The permittivity of porcelain is 5
and the peak voltage gradient in air must not exceed 34kV/cm. Determine
the maximum safe working voltage. (8)
7.(a) What are the various properties of insulators? Also briefly explain about
suspension type insulators. (8)
(b) Calculate the most economical diameter of a single core cable to be used
on 132kV, 3 phase system. Find also the overall diameter of the insulation,
if the peak permissible stress does not exceed 60kV/cm. also derive the
formula used here. (8)
8. (a) Briefly explain about various types of cables used in underground system.
(8)
(b) A string of 4 insulator units has a self capacitance equal to 4 times the pin
to earth capacitance. Calculate,
i. Voltage distribution as a % of total voltage
ii. String efficiency (8)
UNIT- V
PART- A (2 MARKS)
1. What is substation?
2. What are the conditions of laying out a substation?
3. What are the classifications of substation according to service?
4. What are the types of transformer substations?
5. What are the classifications of substations due to construction?
6. What are the equipments used in a transformer substation?
7. What are the different types of bus bar arrangements in substations?
8. What is bus bar?
9. What are the materials mainly used in busbars?
10. What are the factors to be considered for busbar design?
11. Which tests are necessary on station busbars?
12. What is neutral grounding or neutral earthing?
13. What is equipment grounding?
14. What are the advantages of neutral grounding?
15. What is earth resistance?
16. What are the devices used for DC power at the substation by using
converting machinery?
17. Define distribution substation.
18. Define service mains?
19. What are the types of nature of current in distribution system?
PART- B
1. With a neat sketch explain double bus with double breaker and double bus
with single breaker. State their advantages and disadvantages. (16)