A Robust Optical Phase Modulated 60 GHz RoF WDM System

Xianbin Yu1, Wojciech Kozuch1, 2, Jarosaw Turkiewicz2, and Idelfonso Tafur Monroy1

DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. Tel: +45 45 25 37 96, Fax: +45 45 93 65 81, E-mail: xiyu@fotonik.dtu.dk 2 Institute of Telecommunications, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Abstract: A robust 4-channel WDM optical phase modulated 60GHz wireless fiber system is proposed and simulated. In this system, a Fabry-Perot (FP) frequency interleaver is designated to suppress optical carriers for 60GHz signal generation. The simulation results show that this phase modulated WDM system is not susceptible to crosstalk. Introduction Transport of data signals over an optical fiber using radio-over-fiber (RoF) technique has become one of the most important communications technologies. For future broadband wireless communications, the license-free 60GHz millimetre-wave band has recently been considered as a promising candidate to support/deliver broadband services. These include high definition TV, video conferencing, interactive gaming, and so on. The transmission of 60GHz signals is limited to a short-range free-space distance due to high air absorption. Coverage of the 60 GHz broadband systems can be potentially extended by introducing RoF technology [1]. In analog photonic links, phase modulation (PM) based electro-optic modulators can provide better linearity performance than intensity modulators [2]. In addition, a phase modulator has the advantage of requiring no active direct current (DC) bias and it has 3 dB less optical power loss compared to a quadrature biased intensity modulator. These advantages result in improved signal-to-noise ratio performance and higher RF signal gain [3]. Therefore PM-based analog photonic systems are of great interest for fiber wireless communications [4]. Recently, a 40GHz system was investigated by cascading a phase modulator and an intensity modulator [6], and an intensity modulated 60GHz single channel system was studied [7]. However, a 60GHz WDM system with pure phase modulation has not yet to be reported. In this paper, we aim to design a 4-channel phase modulated 60GHz system by employing optical generation of 60GHz signals, and to investigate the system bit-error-rate (BER) performance. Proposed System Fig. 1 depicts the proposed 4-channel WDM 60GHz RoF system employing phase modulation. The transmitter in the central office is composed of a laser array with 4 laser diodes (LDs) with the WDM wavelength channel grid, a phase modulator (PM) array to impose electrical information onto optical carriers, and one array waveguide grating (AWG) which operates as a wavelength multiplexer. In order to suppress the WDM optical carriers to optically generate 60GHz signals, an optical interleaver based on a pair of FP filters is proposed. The transfer functions are displayed in the lower figure of Figure 2(a). We can see that FP1 filters out all first-order upper sidebands from 4-channels comb, and that FP2 filters out all first-order lower sidebands. The fiber transmission link is composed of 25km single mode fiber (SMF) and the dispersion matched 4.45km dispersion compensation fiber (DCF). In the receiver an Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is employed to compensate the fiber loss, and after fiber transmission a second AWG is employed to demultiplex the WDM channels. Both AWGs have a 100GHz free-spectra range (FSR). The receivers are identical for each channel. In each receiver a local oscillator (LO) is used to down-convert the 60GHz signals, while a lowpass filter (LPF) is employed to recover digital information for BER measurements.
10Gbps@30GHz LD1 LD2 LD3 LD4 PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4

Central Office Optical Interleaver

FP1

LO1 PD1

Receiver 1
LPF BERT

FP2

EDFA

AWG

Fiber link

Figure 1 A 4-channel phase modulated 60GHz over fiber transmission system. BERT: bit-error-rate test.

Simulation Results and Discussions To test the proposed scheme, a series of computer simulation using the VPITransmissionMaker 8.0 tool were performed. In the simulation system, a 30 GHz RF modulating frequency and a 10Gbit/s nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) with a word length of 231-1 were used in
978-1-4244-7113-3/10/$26.00 2010 IEEE 558

AWG

Receiver 4

each channel. The combined 4-channel optical spectra after the transmitter AWG are displayed in Figure 2(a). After the optical interleaver double-sideband suppressed-carrier (DSB-SC) modulation was obtained. The optical spectra are shown in Figure 2(b) and the carrier suppression ratio related to sidebands was estimated to be more than 10dB.
20 0 -2 0 -4 0 -6 0 -8 0 -10 0 -12 0 -2 0 -3 0 -4 0 -5 0 1 54 7
C h1 C h2 Ch3 C h4

Power (dBm)

0 -20 Power (dBm) -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 1547

Ch1

Ch2

Ch3

Ch4

Power (dBm)

C h1

C h2

Ch3

C h4

FP1 FP2

15 48

(b) (a) Figure 2 (a) Upper: optical spectra of 4-channel phase modulated 30GHz signals. Lower: transfer functions of FP1 and FP2. (b) optical spectra of 4-channel signals after the optical interleaver.

1 5 49 1 55 0 15 51 W a ve le n g th (n m )

1 5 52

1 55 3

1548

1549

1550

1551

1552

1553

Wavelength (nm)

After the photodiode, the electrical spectrum of one channel is shown in Figure 3(a). We can see a 60GHz RF carrier with 10Gbps baseband signal is generated by using optical up-conversion. Figure 3(b) and (c) display the calculated BER performances for single channel and 4-channels transmission. For a BER of 10-9, the receiver sensitivity in Figure 3(c) varies from -19.1dB to -18.5dB with negligible power penalty between the back-to-back (B2B) and transmission (TX) cases. By comparing Figure 3(b) and 3(c), we can observe that co-propagation of WDM channels caused less than 1dB penalty. It is evident that our proposed WDM phase modulated system has very good tolerance to crosstalk.
-40

2 Single channel performance B2B 25km transmission

-log(BER)

2 4-channel performance 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 -25 B2B Ch1 B2B Ch2 B2B Ch3 B2B Ch4 TX Ch1 TX Ch2 TX Ch3 TX Ch4

-60 Power (dBm)

3 -log(BER)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 -25

-80

-100

-120

-24

-23

-22

-21

-20

-19

-18

-17

-24

-23

-22

-21

-20

-19

-18

-17

-16

Frequency (GHz)

Optical power (dBm)

Optical power (dBm)

(c) (a) (b) Figure 3 (a) generated 10Gbps@60GHz after the photodiode. (b) BER performance of single channel transmission. (c) B2B and transmission performances when 4 channels co-propagate simultaneously.

Conclusions We have proposed and simulated a phase modulated 60GHz fiber WDM transmission systems using DSB-SC modulation scheme. An optical interleaver was designed to implement WDM carrier suppression and optical generation of 60GHz signals with a need of a low frequency generator. The simulation results show that the DSB-SC system is not susceptible to crosstalk. These advantageous features make the proposed DSB-SC phase modulated system promising for high capacity wireless fiber communication applications. Acknowledgements This work is supported by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme. References
[1]. [2]. [3]. [4]. [5]. [6]. [7]. S. Fan, H.-C. Chien, et al, Simulataneous transmission of wireless and wireline services using a single 60GHz radioover-fiber channel by coherent subcarrier modulation, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 21, 2009, pp. 1127-1129. H.-F. Chou, A. Ramaswamy, D. Zibar, L. A. Johansson, J. E. Bowers, M. Rodwell, and L. A. Coldren, Highly linear coherent receiver with feedback, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 940-942, Jun. 2007. V. J. Urick, F. Bucholtz, P. S. Devgan, et al, Phase modulation with interferometric detection as an alternative to intensity modulation with direct detection for analog-photonic links, IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 55, no. 9, 2007, pp. 1978-1985. X. Yu, J. B. Jensen, D. Zibar, et al, Converged wireless and wireline access system based on optical phase modulation for both radio-over-fiber and baseband signals, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 20, no. 21, pp. 1814-1816, 2008. X. Yu, T. B. Gibbon, I. T. Monroy, Bidirectional radio-over-fiber system with phase-modulation downlink and RF oscillator-free uplink using a reflective SOA, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 20, no. 24, pp. 2180-2182, 2008. J. Yu, Z. Jia, L. Xu, L. Chen, et al, DWDM optical millimeter-wave generation for radio-over-fiber using an optical phase modulator and an optical interleaver, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 18, no. 13, 2006, pp. 1418-1420. T. Kuri, K. Kitayama, A. Sthr, and Y. Ogawa, Fiber-optic millimeter-wave downlink system using 60GHz-band external modulation, J. Lightw. Techno., vol. 17, no. 5, May 1999, pp. 799-806.

559