A.

TITLE

THE

INFLUENCE

OF

STUDENTS

SCIENCE

BACKGROUND ON READING STRATEGIES IN MAN SUMENEP. B. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Language is a system of spoken and written symbols that enables humans to communicate and interact with each other.1 It means that language is one way to communication between one person with another person. The are some elements of language are used to express the functional skill include writing, listening, speaking and reading (spelling and pronunciation). Reading is an action / ability of a person.2 Dr. Henry Guntur Tarigan said reading is the process to get message which be given by writer from the writing. In other opinion told by A. S. Broto, said that reading is saying sound device.3 In reading learning, the teacher need a way to increase students understanding. To get it, the teacher not only give a motivation, text book and messages but also the teacher must give the strategy of reading. It is important to student because the student can read quickly and more understand about the content. So, it make easily to student to understand a reading and also it will not need more time. As the modern Islamic Senior High School, MAN Sumenep has facilitated the student in reading learning, such as a text book or LKS. In other hand, it is not enough to student. Because in MAN Sumenep there are three majors of science. They are natural science, social science and language science. So, every major of them have a different strategy of reading, because they have different concept and topic. For example in natural science, there are some topics such as water, air, magnet and etc. So, the students have to know to read diagram or table about the topic. In social science, such as money and bank, geography, earth and etc. So, the students have to know to read quickly about the content. And in language science, such as Mandarin, Arabic, poetry and etc. The student hoped to know to read well. It make a teacher to give the different strategy in every major.
1

Marksheffel, Better Reading in the secondary school. (The Ronald Press Co. Ney Yourk : 1996) page. 2 2 A.s Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English. (Oxford University Press, America : 1995) page 235 3 Muchlisoh, dkk, Materi Pokok Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia 3. (tp, Jakarta: 1995) page.119

From the statement above, the writer interests to research about the students science background on reading strategies in MAN Sumenep. C. PROBLEM OF THE STUDY Based on the background of the study above, the problem is formulated as follows : Is there any influence of students science background on reading strategies between students of natural science, social science and language science in MAN Sumenep? D. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY From the problem of study above, the researcher can make the objective of study as follows: To find out the influence of students science background on reading strategies between students of natural science, social science and language science in MAN Sumenep. E. HYPOTHESIS The hypothesis of this research is the influence of students science background on reading strategies between students of natural science, social science and language science in MAN Sumenep. F. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 1. For The Student The researcher hopes this proposal can increase students knowledge and understand about reading strategies. And the students can read easily and they do not more time to read but they can understand the content. 2. For The Teacher This proposal hoped to help the teacher to apply the reading strategies in his or her class. So that, it can increase students knowledge.

3. For The Other Researcher The proposal hoped can be reference to other researcher who want to study and understand deeper about English teaching especially in reading strategies. G. SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY The scope of the study is only students of natural science, social science and language science in MAN Sumenep. And the researcher limits only in reading strategies. H. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS Reading Strategies Science Background : the strategy to get information and messages from the writer to the reader. : the background of education which is chose by the students that is suitable with their ability. I. REVIEW OF RELETED LITERATURE a) Definition of Students Science Background Students science background is the background of science which the student choose. It can be say with program of school. Choosing the program is suitable with the students interest. So, the student can choose the program with themselves. Organizing classes in SMA/MA are divided into two groups. They are X class, that contains of general program which is followed by students, and XI class and XII, that contains of specific program, which contain of four program: 1) natural science program, 2) social science program, 3) language program and 4) religion program.4 Every program has different topics. For example, in Natural Science Program, the topics are physical science, chemistry science and etc. in Social Science, the topics are economy science, geography science and etc. In Language Science, the topics are sociology
4

Himpunan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Guru&Dosen, SISDIKNAS dan SNP, (Surabaya: Wacana Intelektual, 2009), page.,193.

science, linguistic and etc. In Religion Science, the topics are tasawuf, hadist and etc. b) Definition of Reading Strategies Reading strategies is the strategy that used by teacher or students to solve a problem in reading activity. Reading strategies can be defined as plans for solving problems encountered in constructing meaning.5 In the teaching approach of Brown and Palinscar, students are taught four reading strategies: summarizing, predicting, clarifying and asking question. It can make the students develop their understanding about the reading. The are three points why the reading strategies are important. They are: 1) Strategies help to improve reading comprehension as well as efficiency in reading. 2) By using strategies, students will be reading in the way that expert readers do. 3) Strategies help readers to process the text actively, to monitor their comprehension and to connect what they are reading to their own knowledge and to other parts of the text.6 c) The Influence Of Students Science Background On Reading Strategies The students science background influence on reading strategies. This matter because of students science background have a different subject. So, the reading strategies of students are different. It is suitable with their subject and requirement. According to Hudson, as knowledge of content from courses that student have already taken.7 When the students program natural science, their subject are biological subject, physical subject and chemistry subject. They have to know the way to read a formula in their lesson. When the students
5

Jack C. Ricards, Methodology In Language Teaching An Anthology of Current Practice, (Cambridge: 2002, Cambridge University Press), page.,287 6 Ibid. page 289 7 http://pioneer.chula.ac.th/~pkanchan/html/sumtest.htm

program social science, their subjects are economical subject, sociology subject and etc. They have to know to read the table in their lesson. When the students program language science, their subjects are Mandarin language, Arabic language and etc. They have to know to read about language. J. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY a) Research Design The research design of this research is quantitative research, with experimental design, that involve two variables. They are variable X (Independent Variable) and variable Y (Dependent Variable). Variable X is the students science background and variable Y is the reading strategies. b) Population and Sampling Population is all members of well defined class of people, events or object. Population of this research is all students of the third class of MAN Sumenep. They are more less 257 students. Because the population is too large, the researcher uses sampling. The number of the sample is 40 students. c) Instrument of Research Instrument of research is the toll which is used by the researcher to collect the data.8 To collect the data, this instrument of research uses questioner and test to get data of independent variable and dependent variable. In this research, the questioner is used to know the influence of students science background on reading strategies with consideration so that the researcher gets information simultaneously. And from the test, the researcher will know the way of the students in reading strategies so that the researcher can make a conclusion from the hypothesis. d) Data Collection
8

Tim Penyusun Karya Tulis Ilmiah, Pedoman Penulisan Karya Tuls Ilmiah, (Pamekasan: STAIN Pamekasan Press, 2009/2010), page 18.

Data collection is one way to collect and get valid information. There are some steps that the researcher does to collect the data. They are: 1. Entering the classroom. 2. Giving the questioner to the students and collecting the answer of the questioner. 3. Giving the test to the students and collecting the answer of the test. 4. Analyzing data from the answer of the student. 5. Making conclusion. e) Analysis Data In analyzing data of this research, the researcher will use t-test, because the researcher wants to know the relation between independent variable and dependent variable. The formula as follow:
t= MD d2 n (n - 1)

MD d N

: Mean Differences : deviation individual from MD : the number of subjects

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Himpunan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Guru&Dosen, SISDIKNAS dan SNP. Surabaya: Wacana Intelektual, 2009. Homby ,A.s Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English. Oxford University Press, America : 1995. http://pioneer.chula.ac.th/~pkanchan/html/sumset.htm. Marksheffel, Better Reading in the secondary school. The Ronald Press Co. New York : 1996. Muchlisoh, dkk, Materi Pokok Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia 3. tp, Jakarta: 1995. Ricards, Jack C., Methodology In Language Teaching An Anthology of Current Practice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Tim Penyusun Karya Tulis Ilmiah, Pedoman Penulisan Karya Tuls Ilmiah, Pamekasan: STAIN Pamekasan Press, 2009/2010.