1. Jose Rizal was born with a big head. [must be the reason why he was so intelligent...

he must've big brain as well...anyways, I think many Pinoys know about this] 2. Most Filipinos think that Rizal died because he was TOTALLY against the Spaniards and that he wanted FULL freedom from them but the truth is that Rizal only appealed for equal rights. Filipinos be treated as equal human. Rizal questioned their way of gover 3. There are rumors that Rizals book entitled El FIlibusterismo was inspired by Alexandre Dumas novel The Count of Monte Cristo considering that it was actually one of Rizals favorite story. (Some even say that Rizal plagiarized it which for my opinion, totally unbelievable) 4. Did you know that Jose Rizals favorite dish was carne asada? 5. Rizal could show too much sarcasm because of his love for his country. Why and how? Back in Dapitan when he received three visitors in his house in Talisay, he offered the woman named Donya Manuela with Bagoong.The lady ignored the bagoong saying that they do not eat bagoong in their country because it contains worms. With that, Rizal responded saying that he had been in her country and people there eat little birds without taking out intestines. 6. His poem Mi Retiro (My Retreat) was written when he was sick and could not work. (Yes, heroes get sick sometimes) 7. There are rumors that Rizal was a playboy having a lot of girls mentioned in his autobiography and until now many believe that he really had a lot of girlfriends but the truth is that he only had few real relationships. The other girls were all just flings. and some were just plain friends. 8. The dam he built in Dapitan was built using burned shells and bricks that were made from the machine he built. In his letter to his best friend, he said that the dam was built by him and fourteen young boys(his students) 9. Rizal spent Php500.00 for coconut oil lamps for the streets of Dapitan. 10. Rizal would jokingly pinch his students who couldnt answer correctly. 11. Usual books would mention that Rizal collected frogs, snakes and shells. Aside from that, he also collected Orchids and butterflies (hmmm he seemed girly at timeslol) 12. Rizals house only cost Php40.00 when he built it (Thats about $0.95 now the only thing you can buy are nails.) 13. Rizal joined lottery and won one-third of the grand prize Php18,000.00.
14. As a gift for his former professor in Ateneo, Fr. Jose Guerrico who went to Dapitan, Rizal made him a bust of Fr. Jose

Guerrico. The bust won a gold medal at the 1904 St. Louis Exposition. 15. During his stay in Dapitan, he offten tell Captain Carnicero(the town captain) that he didnt want Spaniards and friars to go. He would say In Philippines, there is room for everybody.
* there are 3 species named after him: the Draco rizali, a small lizard popularly known as a flying dragon; Apogania rizali, a rare kind of beetle; and the Rhacophorus rizali, a peculiar frog species. Full name: Jos Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda Son of a Filipino father and a Chinese mother. Josephine Bracken who became Jose Rizal's sweetheart on 1895, was suspected by his sisters of being a Spanish spy. Jose Rizal was rumored to have a relationship with a certain former Nazi dictator. Three of the animal species we know today were actually named after Rizal. When he was an exile in Dapitan, he collected different kinds of species of animals. Among them were

the Draco Rizali (Wandolleck), a specie of flying dragon, Rachophorous Rizali (Boetger), a hitherto unknown specie of toad and Apogonia Rizali (Heller), a small beetle, which were later named after him. Rizal had farms in Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte (1892-1896) where he planted lanzones, coconuts and other fruit-bearing trees. Rizal maintained a garden in Dapitan where he planted and experimented on plants of all kinds He played chess and bear several Germans and European friends and acquaintances. He had a good shell collection in Dapitan. He fenced with Europeans and Juan Luna and other friends in Europe. He collected 38 new varieties of fish in Dapitan. Rizal spoke and wrote in 20 languages. He played the flute and composed pieces of music and cultivated music appreciation. He was sharp shooter that could hit a target 20 meters away. He traveled around the world three times.

Rizal's Retraction: Introduction

This section presents contrasting views on the retraction by biographers of Rizal.The team deemed it proper to present the views in the exact words of the scholars so as to avoid misinterpretations. Read on and judge for yourself whether Rizal retracted or not. Interested readers may submit their materials for inclusion in this site or you may advise us of your own web site on this topic for linkage. Any contribution shall be deeply appreciated since it will help in further enlightening our students on this controversial issue.

Texts of Rizal's Retraction The "original" discovered by Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M. on May 18, 1935 Me declaro catolica y en esta Religion en que naci y me eduque quiero vivir y morir. Me retracto de todo corazon de cuanto en mis palabras, escritos, inpresos y conducta ha habido contrario a mi cualidad de hijo de la Iglesia Catolica. Creo y profeso cuanto ella ensea y me somento a cuanto ella manda. Abomino de la Masonaria, como enigma que es de la Iglesia, y como Sociedad prohibida por la Iglesia. Puede el Prelado Diocesano, como Autoridad Superior Eclesiastica hacer publica esta manifastacion espontanea mia para reparar el escandalo que mis actos hayan podido causar y para que Dios y los hombers me perdonen.

Manila 29 de Deciembre de 1896 Jose Rizal Jefe del Piquete Juan del Fresno Ayudante de Plaza Eloy Moure Translation (English) I declare myself a catholic and in this Religion in which I was born and educated I wish to live and die. I retract with all my heart whatever in my words, writings, publications and conduct has been contrary to my character as son of the Catholic Church. I believe and I confess whatever she teaches and I submit to whatever she demands. I abominate Masonry, as the enemy which is of the Church, and as a Society prohibited by the Church. The Diocesan Prelate may, as the Superior Ecclesiastical Authority, make public this spontaneous manifestation of mine in order to repair the scandal which my acts may have caused and so that God and people may pardon me. Manila 29 of December of 1896 Jose Rizal La Voz Espaola, December 30, 1896 Me declaro catolica y en esta Religion en que naci y me eduque quiero vivir y morir. Me retracto de todo corazon de cuanto en mis palabras, escritos, inpresos y conducta ha habido contrario a mis cualidades de hijo de la Iglesia Catolica. Creo y profeso cuanto ella ensea y me somento a cuanto ella manda. Abomino de la Masonaria, como enigma que es de la Iglesia y como sociedad prohibida por la Iglesia. Puede el Prelado Diocesano, como autoridad superior eclesiastica hacer publica esta manifastacion espontanea para reparar el escandalo que mis actos hayan podido causar y para que Dios y los hombers me perdonen. Manila, 29 de Diciembre de 1896-Jose Rizal Jefe del Piquete Juan del Fresno Ayudante de Plaza Eloy Moure Fr. Balaguer's text, January 1897 Me declaro catolica y en esta Religion en que naci y me eduque quiero vivir y morir. Me retracto de todo corazon de cuanto en mis palabras, escritos, inpresos y conducta ha habido contrario a mi calidad de hijo de la Iglesia. Creo y profeso cuanto ella ensea y me somento a cuanto Ella manda. Abomino de la Masonaria, como enigma que es de la Iglesia, y como Sociedad prohibida por la misma Iglesia. Puede el Prelado diocesano, como Autoridad superior eclesiastica hacer publica esta manifastacion espontanea mia, para reparar el escandalo que mis actos hayan podido causar, y para que Dios y los hombers me perdonen. Manila, 29 de Diciembre de 1896-Jose Rizal

Analysis Rizal's Retraction

At least four texts of Rizals retraction have surfaced. The fourth text appeared in El Imparcial on the day after Rizals execution; it is the short formula of the retraction. The first text was published in La Voz Espaola and Diaro de Manila on the very day of Rizals execution, Dec. 30, 1896. The second text appeared in Barcelona, Spain, on February 14, 1897, in the fortnightly magazine in La Juventud; it came from an anonymous writer who revealed himself fourteen years later as Fr. Balaguer. The "original" text was discovered in the archdiocesan archives on May 18, 1935, after it disappeared for thirty-nine years from the afternoon of the day when Rizal was shot. We know not that reproductions of the lost original had been made by a copyist who could imitate Rizals handwriting. This fact is revealed by Fr. Balaguer himself who, in his letter to his former superior Fr. Pio Pi in 1910, said that he had received "an exact copy of the retraction written and signed by Rizal. The handwriting of this copy I dont know nor do I remember whose it is. . ." He proceeded: "I even suspect that it might have been written by Rizal himself. I am sending it to you that you may . . . verify whether it might be of Rizal himself . . . ." Fr. Pi was not able to verify it in his sworn statement. This "exact" copy had been received by Fr. Balaguer in the evening immediately preceding Rizals execution, Rizal y su Obra, and was followed by Sr. W. Retana in his biography of Rizal, Vida y Escritos del Jose Rizal with the addition of the

names of the witnesses taken from the texts of the retraction in the Manila newspapers. Fr. Pis copy of Rizals retraction has the same text as that of Fr. Balaguers "exact" copy but follows the paragraphing of the texts of Rizals retraction in the Manila newspapers. Regarding the "original" text, no one claimed to have seen it, except the publishers of La Voz Espanola. That newspaper reported: "Still more; we have seen and read his (Rizals) own hand-written retraction which he sent to our dear and venerable Archbishop" On the other hand, Manila pharmacist F. Stahl wrote in a letter: "besides, nobody has seen this written declaration, in spite of the fact that quite a number of people would want to see it. "For example, not only Rizals family but also the correspondents in Manila of the newspapers in Madrid, Don Manuel Alhama of El Imparcial and Sr. Santiago Mataix of El Heraldo, were not able to see the hand-written retraction. Neither Fr. Pi nor His Grace the Archbishop ascertained whether Rizal himself was the one who wrote and signed the retraction. (Ascertaining the document was necessary because it was possible for one who could imitate Rizals handwriting aforesaid holograph; and keeping a copy of the same for our archives, I myself delivered it personally that the same morning to His Grace Archbishop His Grace testified: At once the undersigned entrusted this holograph to Rev. Thomas Gonzales Feijoo, secretary of the Chancery." After that, the documents could not be seen by those who wanted to examine it and was finally considered lost after efforts to look for it proved futile. On May 18, 1935, the lost "original" document of Rizals retraction was discovered by the archdeocean archivist Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M. The discovery, instead of ending doubts about Rizals retraction, has in fact encouraged it because the newly discovered text retraction differs significantly from the text found in the Jesuits and the Archbishops copies. And, the fact that the texts of the retraction which appeared in the Manila newspapers could be shown to be the exact copies of the "original" but only imitations of it. This means that the friars who controlled the press in Manila (for example, La Voz Espaola) had the "original" while the Jesuits had only the imitations. We now proceed to show the significant differences between the "original" and the Manila newspapers texts of the retraction on the one hand and the text s of the copies of Fr. Balaguer and F5r. Pio Pi on the other hand. First, instead of the words "mi cualidad" (with "u") which appear in the original and the newspaper texts, the Jesuits copies have "mi calidad" (with "u"). Second, the Jesuits copies of the retraction omit the word "Catolica" after the first "Iglesias" which are found in the original and the newspaper texts. Third, the Jesuits copies of the retraction add before the third "Iglesias" the word "misma" which is not found in the original and the newspaper texts of the retraction. Fourth, with regards to paragraphing which immediately strikes the eye of the critical reader, Fr. Balaguers text does not begin the second paragraph until the fifth sentences while the original and the newspaper copies start the second paragraph immediately with the second sentences. Fifth, whereas the texts of the retraction in the original and in the manila newspapers have only four commas, the text of Fr. Balaguers copy has eleven commas. Sixth, the most important of all, Fr. Balaguers copy did not have the names of the witnesses from the texts of the newspapers in Manila. In his notarized testimony twenty years later, Fr. Balaguer finally named the witnesses. He said "This . . .retraction was signed together with Dr. Rizal by Seor Fresno, Chief of the Picket, and Seor Moure, Adjutant of the Plaza." However, the proceeding quotation only proves itself to be an addition to the original. Moreover, in his letter to Fr. Pi in 1910, Fr. Balaguer said that he had the "exact" copy of the retraction, which was signed by Rizal, but her made no mention of the witnesses. In his accounts too, no witnesses signed the retraction. How did Fr. Balaguer obtain his copy of Rizals retraction? Fr. Balaguer never alluded to having himself made a copy of the retraction although he claimed that the Archbishop prepared a long formula of the retraction and Fr. Pi a short formula. In Fr. Balaguers earliest account, it is not yet clear whether Fr. Balaguer was using the long formula of nor no formula in dictating to Rizal what to write. According to Fr. Pi, in his own account of Rizals conversion in 1909, Fr. Balaguer dictated from Fr. Pis short formula previously approved by the Archbishop. In his letter to Fr. Pi in 1910, Fr. Balaguer admitted that he dictated to Rizal the short formula prepared by Fr. Pi; however; he contradicts himself when he revealed that the "exact" copy came from the Archbishop. The only copy, which Fr. Balaguer wrote, is the one that appeared ion his earliest account of Rizals retraction. Where did Fr. Balaguers "exact" copy come from? We do not need long arguments to answer this question, because Fr. Balaguer himself has unwittingly answered this question. He said in his letter to Fr. Pi in 1910: "I preserved in my keeping and am sending to you the original texts of the two formulas of retraction, which they (You) gave me; that from you and that of the Archbishop, and the first with the changes which they (that is, you) made; and the other the exact copy of the retraction written and signed by Rizal. The handwriting of this copy I dont know nor do I remember whose it is, and I even suspect that it might have been written by Rizal himself." In his own word quoted above, Fr. Balaguer said that he received two original texts of the retraction. The first, which came

from Fr. Pi, contained "the changes which You (Fr. Pi) made"; the other, which is "that of the Archbishop" was "the exact copy of the retraction written and signed by Rizal" (underscoring supplied). Fr. Balaguer said that the "exact copy" was "written and signed by Rizal" but he did not say "written and signed by Rizal and himself" (the absence of the reflexive pronoun "himself" could mean that another person-the copyist-did not). He only "suspected" that "Rizal himself" much as Fr. Balaguer did "not know nor ... remember" whose handwriting it was. Thus, according to Fr. Balaguer, the "exact copy" came from the Archbishop! He called it "exact" because, not having seen the original himself, he was made to believe that it was the one that faithfully reproduced the original in comparison to that of Fr. Pi in which "changes" (that is, where deviated from the "exact" copy) had been made. Actually, the difference between that of the Archbishop (the "exact" copy) and that of Fr. Pi (with "changes") is that the latter was "shorter" be cause it omitted certain phrases found in the former so that, as Fr. Pi had fervently hoped, Rizal would sign it. According to Fr. Pi, Rizal rejected the long formula so that Fr. Balaguer had to dictate from the short formula of Fr. Pi. Allegedly, Rizal wrote down what was dictated to him but he insisted on adding the phrases "in which I was born and educated" and "[Masonary]" as the enemy that is of the Church" the first of which Rizal would have regarded as unnecessary and the second as downright contrary to his spirit. However, what actually would have happened, if we are to believe the fictitious account, was that Rizals addition of the phrases was the retoration of the phrases found in the original which had been omitted in Fr. Pis short formula. The "exact" copy was shown to the military men guarding in Fort Santiago to convince them that Rizal had retracted. Someone read it aloud in the hearing of Capt. Dominguez, who claimed in his "Notes that Rizal read aloud his retraction. However, his copy of the retraction proved him wrong because its text (with "u") and omits the word "Catolica" as in Fr. Balaguers copy but which are not the case in the original. Capt. Dominguez never claimed to have seen the retraction: he only "heard". The truth is that, almost two years before his execution, Rizal had written a retraction in Dapitan. Very early in 1895, Josephine Bracken came to Dapitan with her adopted father who wanted to be cured of his blindness by Dr. Rizal; their guide was Manuela Orlac, who was agent and a mistress of a friar. Rizal fell in love with Josephine and wanted to marry her canonically but he was required to sign a profession of faith and to write retraction, which had to be approved by the Bishop of Cebu. "Spanish law had established civil marriage in the Philippines," Prof. Craig wrote, but the local government had not provided any way for people to avail themselves of the right..." In order to marry Josephine, Rizal wrote with the help of a priest a form of retraction to be approved by the Bishop of Cebu. This incident was revealed by Fr. Antonio Obach to his friend Prof. Austin Craig who wrote down in 1912 what the priest had told him; "The document (the retraction), inclosed with the priests letter, was ready for the mail when Rizal came hurrying I to reclaim it." Rizal realized (perhaps, rather late) that he had written and given to a priest what the friars had been trying by all means to get from him. Neither the Archbishop nor Fr. Pi saw the original document of retraction. What they was saw a copy done by one who could imitate Rizals handwriting while the original (almost eaten by termites) was kept by some friars. Both the Archbishop and Fr. Pi acted innocently because they did not distinguish between the genuine and the imitation of Rizals handwriting.

REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINES (Decree of December 20,1898) In recognition of the aspirations of the Filipino nation and in proclaiming its noble and patriotic sentiments, I hereby decree. Article 1. In memory of the Filipino patriots, Dr. Jose Rizal and the other victims of the past Spanish domination, I declare the 30th of December as a national day of mourning. Article 2. On account of this, all national flags shall be hoisted at half-mast from 12:00 noon on December 29, as a sign of mourning. Article 3. All offices of the Revolutionary Government shall be closed during the whole day of December 30. Given in Malolos, December 20,1898 (Signed) EMILIO AGUINALDO The truth it was General Aguinaldo, and not the second Philippines Commission headed by Civil Governor Taft, who first recognized Dr. Jose Rizal as "national day of mourning" in memory of Rizal and other victims of Spanish tyranny. Full text of these decree in two languages, Tagalog and Spanish, appeared in the government organ, El Heraldo dela Revolution on December 25,1898.

It is interesting to recall that the first celebration of Rizal Day in the Philippines was held in Manila on December 30,1898, under the sponsorship of the Club Filipino. This was In pursuance of General Aguinaldos Decree of December 20,1898. On the same date (December 30, 1898), the patriotic town of Daet in Camarines Norte, likewise celebrated Rizal Day, the festivities being climaxed by the unveiling of the Rizal monument, which was constructed at the expense of the townfolks. This was the first monument ever created in the Philippines-and still exists today.

Rizal Laws
y RA 1425 An act to include in the curricula of all public and private Schools, Colleges and Universities courses on the Life Works and Writings of JOSE RIZAL, particularly his novels NOLI ME TANGERE and EL FILIBUSTERISMO, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes. y RA 229 An act to prohibit cockfighting, horse racing and jai-alai on the thirtieth day of December of each year and to create a committee to take charge of the proper celebration of rizal day in every municipality and chartered city, and for other purposes y Memorandum Order No. 247 Directing the Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports and the Chairman of the Commission on Higher Education to fully implement Republic Act No. 1425 y CHED Memorandum No. 3, s. 1995 Enforcing strict compliance to Memorandum Order No. 247