NAME: ________________________________

DATE: __________________ TC#: ____ PD: ____

WHH Europe in Crisis and Absolutism Test v3

1. The French Wars of Religion were finally ended when Henry of Navarre agreed to convert to a. b. c. d. Calvinism Protestantism Catholicism Lutheranism

2. Philip II was nicknamed the a. b. c. d. Spanish King Most Militant King Most Catholic King Catholic King

3. Philip II attempted to destroy protestant England with his fleet called the a. b. c. d. Spanish Fleet Catholic Armada Philips Armada Spanish Armada

4. The Spanish Armada was part of a larger conflict called the a. b. c. d. Anglo-Dutch War Anglo-Spanish War Anglo-Italian War Anglo-Prussian War

5. The French Calvinists during the French Wars of Religion were called the a. b. c. d. Protestants Navarrians Huguenots Capetians

6. Philip II and the Spanish Empire fought a long and bloody war against the Netherlands, who after concluding a peace became known as the a. b. c. d. United Provinces of the Netherlands The Low Countries The Seventeen Provinces United Spanish Netherlands

7. When Henry IV became king of France his family, the Bourbons, replaced the a. b. c. d. Tudor family Habsburg family Romanov family Valois family

8. Which statement best describes the true nature of the French Wars of Religion? a. b. c. d. The conflict is considered by historians to be the first world war The conflict was a struggle between the powerful French families of Valois, Bourbon, and Guise The conflict was an attempt by the Habsburgs to become the kings of France The conflict was a strictly religious struggle between Christian sects

9. As the King of Sweden, this protestant leader nearly defeated the Catholics during the Thirty Years War? a. b. c. d. Gustavus Adolphus Albrecht Wallenstein County of Tilly Ferdinand II

10. Which event is considered the start of the French Wars of Religion? a. b. c. d. The St. Bartholomews Day Massacre The Edict of Nantes The Massacre of Vassy The Battle of Lutzen

11. During the English Civil Wars, the supporters of parliament were called the a. b. c. d. Roundheads Cavaliers Lutherans Huguenots

12. Following the Thirty Years War, which two German states emerged as the most powerful? a. b. c. d. Russia and Prussia Westphalia and Austria Prussia and Austria Prussia and Germany

13. To end the French Wars of Religion, Henry of Navarre not only adopted Catholicism but also began to change the French government into a. b. c. d. An absolute monarchy A constitutional monarchy A dictatorship A medieval monarchy

14. All of the following were significant consequences of the Thirty Years War except a. b. c. d. Habsburg power and dominance was curbed The Bourbons and France became the dominant power on continental Europe The Holy Roman Empire now existed in name only The Popes returned to the same levels of power and influence as they enjoyed during the Middle Ages

15. Why did the Austrian Habsburgs struggle in creating an absolute government in their empire? a. b. c. d. The Austrian kings were focused on the political activities of France and England The peoples of the Austrian Empire were primarily protestant The Austrian Empire consisted of diverse ethnic and cultural groups with little connection to the king The Habsburgs were financially broke and could not pay for lavish palaces like Versailles in France

16. All of the following kingdoms adopted absolutism either during or immediately after the Wars of Religion except a. France b. England c. Russia d. Prussia 17. The first phase of the 80 Years War was known as the a. b. c. d. Thirty Years War The Dutch Wars of Religion The Dutch Revolt The Glorious Revolution

18. How did Louis XIV treat the Huguenots? a. b. c. d. He stripped them of all their rights He turned them into soldiers He stripped them of their political and military rights while preserving their religious rights He stripped them of their religious rights while preserving their political rights

19. After the defeat of the Habsburgs in the Thirty Years War, the Austrian Habsburgs focused their attention on building an empire in a. b. c. d. The Americas Western Europe Southeastern Europe (The Balkans) Italy and the Mediterranean

20. Which of the following statements best describes the Wars of Religion? a. b. c. d. They were a political conflict that evolved into a religious conflict They contributed to the Enlightenment period of European history They severely diminished the power of the Bourbon family They diminished the influence that religion had upon political affairs

21. In order to control the Dutch and identify and execute rebels the Spanish created the a. b. c. d. Star Council Council of Troubles Inquisition Council of Rotterdam

22. Of the major European powers, which Catholic nation supported the Protestants during the Thirty Years war? a. b. c. d. Sweden Spain France Savoy

23. The Thirty Years War was fought almost entirely in a. b. c. d. England Spain The Netherlands Germany

24. Which country actively supported the Catholic Reformation by supporting the Catholic cause in through the Wars of Religion? a. b. c. d. Sweden Spain France Austria

25. The religious climate of France prior to the French Wars of Religion was best characterized by? a. b. c. d. a nobility that was nearly 50% Huguenots a population that was split evenly between Huguenots and Catholics a poorly organized Huguenot opposition to Catholic authority Catherine de Medicis complete suppression of the Huguenots

26. The Peace of Westphalia a. b. c. d. reconfirmed the power and grandeur of the Holy Roman Empire ensured Protestant domination over all of Central Europe returned the Continent to the status quo as of 1618 weakened the Holy Roman Empire

27. The Thirty Years' War became primarily a political conflict during the a. b. c. d. Swedish-French phase Danish phase German phase Italian phase

28. The mission of the Spanish Armada in 1588 was to a. b. c. d. acquire territory in the Baltic area replace Queen Elizabeth with a Catholic monarch form a naval alliance with France reunite the throne of Spain

29. Which of the following is TRUE of the Dutch Revolt? a. b. c. d. the nobleman, William of Orange, led the revolt the war was both a political and a religious struggle the Dutch flooded their own lands to hamper the Spanish all of these choices are correct

30. Who was the last monarch of the Tudor family? a. b. c. d. Mary, Queen of the Scots Elizabeth I James I Charles II

31. To end the religious conflict in France, Henry IV made Catholicism the official religion of France, but gave the Huguenots the rights to worship and enjoy all political privileges in the a. b. c. d. Edict of Worms Edict of Nantes Edict of Westphalia Edict of Navarre

32. The Dutch resistance against Spanish authority in the Netherlands was led by a. b. c. d. William I the Silent (of Orange) Henry of Navarre Sir Francis Drake Don John of Austria

33. The last absolute monarch of England was a. b. c. d. James I James II Charles I Charles II

34. The Low Countries are known as all of the below names except a. b. c. d. The Dutch Republic The United Provinces Netherlands Westphalia

35. With the death of Ivan the Terrible, a new Russian dynasty came to power called the a. b. c. d. Romanovs Ivanonvs Troskys Bourbons

36. Where did the French absolute monarchs establish their royal courts by the late 1600s? a. b. c. d. Paris Versailles Orleans Lyon

37. Which artistic style did the Catholic reform movement adopt towards the end of the 16th century? a. b. c. d. Mannerism Gothic Baroque Renaissance

38. Which English king from the Stuart family was beheaded? a. b. c. d. Charles I Charles II James I Henry VIII

39. Oliver Cromwell lead the parliaments to victory during the English Civil War and established a a. b. c. d. monarchy dictatorship constitutional monarchy oligarchy

40. The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre a. b. c. d. decimated the ranks of the Protestant leadership but failed to suppress the anti-Catholic movement in Europe was successful and led to the collapse of French Protestantism was followed by an English effort to assist the Huguenots resulted directly in an English effort to assist the Catholics

41. In general, which of the following MOST accurately reflects the state of Europe in 1648? a. b. c. d. the northwest of Europe was predominantly Protestant while the south was mostly Catholic Catholicism was triumphant everywhere in Europe the Holy Roman Empire emerged as a completely Lutheran sphere of influence France lost in her struggle with the Habsburgs to become the dominant land power in Europe

42. The rebellions that swept through Europe at the time of the Thirty Years' War indirectly resulted in a. b. c. d. a decline in the power of the European middle class a tremendous decline of wealth in Spain an increase in the power of the European monarchies the end of serfdom in Eastern Europe

43. Following the Thirty Years' War, what country became dominant in Europe? a. b. c. d. Swden France Italy England

44. Which of the following resulted from the English defeat of the Spanish Armada? a. b. c. d. the French invasion of Spain the end of silver imports from the New World growing nationalism in England the conversion of Spain to Protestantism

45. An immediate effect of the Glorious Revolution in England was a. b. c. d. the return of the Tudors as rulers of England the supremacy of Parliament over the monarchy the decline of England as a colonial power universal manhood suffrage