Anthropology 301 Self-Paced Lab 10: Fossil Hominids and the Genus Homo 1.

The genus Homo dates back to about a. 3.9 million years ago b. 1.8 million years ago c. 250,000 years ago d. 2.5 million years ago

2. The term archaic Homo refers to a. Homo erectus b. archaic Homo sapiens c. Homo habilis d. both a and c e. all of the above 3. Homo habilus can be characterized as a. more robust than A. boisei b. somewhat similar to A. africanus c. has larger absolute brain size than apes d. both b and c e. all of the above 4. The first hominid thought to migrate out of Africa was a. A. boisei b. Homo habilus c. Homo erectus d. Homo sapiens 5. Sexual dimorphism is an important concept to consider when interpreting archaic Homo fossils because a. it caused some researchers to divide Homo habilus into two species b. because it is not found in other primates c. it is specifically related to absolute brain size d. it is often related to social structure e. both a and d

6. According to mitochondrial DNA Homo neanderthalensis and modern Homo sapiens diverged around a. 600,000 years ago b. 2.5 million years ago c. 150,000 years ago d. 35,000 years ago

7. Cranial and post cranial characteristics of archaic Homo include a. large browridges b. less prognathic faces c. greater skeletal robusticity than in modern Homo d. both a and c e. all of the above

8. An easy way to measure skeletal robusticity is to divide the maximum diameter of the __________________ by the diameter of the __________________. a. femoral head, humeral index b. femoral cross-section, medullary canal c. femoral cross-section, cortical index d. medullary diameter, femoral cross-section e. none of the above

9. In comparing Homo erectus, archaic Homo sapiens, and modern Homo sapiens, the general trend in robusticity over time Homo can be characterized as a. increasing over time slightly until 100,000 yrs ago, then significant increase b. no real change in robusticity is able to be detected over time c. decreasing significantly over time d. decreasing slightly over time until 100,000 yrs ago, then significant decrease

10. Which is the best possible hypothesis for explaining changes in cortical robusticity over time a. the decrease in cortical robusticity associated with the appearance of modern humans was rapid and dramatic and resulted in more lightly constructed skeletons. b. the increase in cortical robusticity associated with the appearance of modern humans was rapid and dramatic and resulted in larger brain size coupled with a greater ability to deal with predators. c. the decrease in cortical robusticity associated with the appearance of archaic Homo sapiens is a part of a long term trend beginning with australopithecines and ending with modern Homo sapiens. d. none of these statements are an appropriate hypothesis for changes seen in cortical robusticity.