Physical Sciences Paper 1 Winter School 2011 4 July 15 July Learners Guide

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Introduction: Have you heard about Mindset? Mindset Network, a South African non-profit organisation, was founded in 2002. We develop and distribute quality and contextually relevant educational resources for use in the schooling, health and vocational sectors. We distribute our materials through various technology platforms like TV broadcasts, the Internet (www.mindset.co.za/learn) and on DVDs. The materials are made available in video, print and in computer-based multimedia formats. At Mindset we are committed to innovation. In the last two years, we successfully ran a series of broadcast events leading up to and in support of the NSC examinations Now we are proud to announce our 2011 edition of Matric Exam Revision, which will begin with our Winter School in July. Weve expanded the broadcast to support you in seven subjects - Mathematics, Physical Sciences, Life Sciences, Mathematical Literacy, English 1st Additional Language, Accounting and Geography. During our Winter School, you will get Exam overviews, study tips on each of the topics we cover, detailed solutions to selected questions from previous examination papers, short question and answer sessions so you can check you are on track and live phone in programmes so you can work through more exam questions with an experienced teacher. Getting the most from Winter School Before you watch the broadcast of a topic, read through the questions for the topic and try to answer them without looking up the solutions. If you get stuck and cant complete the answer dont panic. Make a note of any questions you have. When watching the Topic session, compare the approach you took to what the teacher does. Dont just copy the answers down but take note of the method used. Make sure you keep this booklet for after Winter School. You can re-do the exam questions you did not get totally correct and mark your own work by looking up the solutions at the back of the booklet. Remember that exam preparation also requires motivation and discipline, so try to stay positive, even when the work appears to be difficult. Every little bit of studying, revision and exam practice will pay off. You may benefit from working with a friend or a small study group, as long as everyone is as committed as you are. Mindset believes that the 2011 Winter School programme will help you achieve the results you want. If you find Winter School a useful way to revise and prepare for your exams, remember that we will be running Spring School from the 3rd to 7th October and Exam School from 19th October to 22nd November as well.

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Programme Outline The Mindset Winter School is designed to focus on two subjects each day. For each subject you will find the following sessions: Examination Overview This is a 15 minute session that gives details of what you can expect in each examination paper. Practical guidelines are also given on how to prepare for the day of the exam. Topics Tips In this session you will be given a 15 minutes summary of the key ideas you need to know, common errors and study hints to help you prepare for your exams. Topic Session An expert teacher will work through specially selected questions from previous exam papers. Interactive Q & A After every topic you will get the chance to test yourself. Live Phone-in This is your chance to ask your own questions. So submit your question to the Help Desk and we might call you back to help you live on TV. All questions you submit will be answered within 48 hours as normal.

Winter Broadcast School Schedule

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Topic 1: Mechanics Question 1 The roof of a tall building is 25 m above the ground. A rigid ball of mass 0,3 kg falls freely when dropped from the roof. It strikes the concrete floor on the ground with velocity v . It bounces to a maximum vertical height of 6 m. The ball was in contact
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with the floor for 0,9s. Ignore the effects of friction.

1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4.

Calculate the velocity v when the ball first hits the floor.
1

(3) (7) (3)

Calculate the impulse of the ball as a result of the collision. Calculate the magnitude of the net force exerted on the ball.

Using the ground as zero reference, draw a sketch graph of position (displacement) versus time for the motion of the ball from its original height until it reaches its second maximum height. Indicate the relevant position values on the y-axis. 1 (4) The rigid ball is now replaced with a softer ball of the same mass and volume as the rigid ball. It is then dropped from the same height onto the concrete floor. Will the ball reach the SAME, GREATER or LESSER height compared to the previous ball? Use principles of physics to explain your answer. (2)

1.5.

Question 2 A man of mass 87 kg on roller skates, moving horizontally at constant speed in a straight line, sees a boy of mass 22 kg standing directly in his path. The man grabs
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the boy and they both continue in a straight line at 2,4 ms . 2.1 2.2 2.3 Calculate the man's speed just before he grabs the boy. Ignore the effects of friction. (4) Is the collision elastic? Use a calculation to support your answer.
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(6)

After grabbing the boy, they both continue at a velocity of 2,4 ms along a straight line until they arrive at a loose gravel surface near the end of the path. They now move at constant acceleration in a straight line through the loose gravel for 2 m before coming to rest. Calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by the gravel surface on the man and the boy. (5)

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Question 3 New cars have a crumple zone to help minimise injuries during accidents. In addition seat belts, air bags and padded interiors can reduce the chance of death or serious injury. 3.1 3.2 Use principles in Physics to explain how air bags can reduce the chance of death or injury. (3) In a crash test, a car of mass 1,2 x 103 kg collides with a wall and rebounds as illustrated below. The initial and final velocities of the car are 12 ms-1 to the left and 2 ms-1 to the right respectively. The collision lasts 0,1 s.

Calculate the: 3.2.1 Impulse of the car during the accident 3.2.2 Average force exerted on the car 3.3.

(4) (3)

How will the magnitude of the force exerted on the car be affected if the time interval of the collision remains 0,1 s, but the car does not bounce off the wall? Write down only INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. Explain your answer. (2)

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Topic 2: Waves, Sound and Light Question 1 Dolphins use ultrasound to scan their environment. When a dolphin is 100 m from a rock, it emits ultrasound waves of frequency 250 kHz whilst swimming at 20 m.s-1 towards the rock. Assume that the speed of sound in water is 1 500m.s-1. 1.1 Calculate the frequency of the sound waves detected by a detector on the rock. (4) 1.2 When the dolphin is 50 m from the rock, another ultrasound wave of 250 kHz is emitted. How will the frequency of the detected sound waves compare with the answer calculated in QUESTION 7.1? Write down only HIGHER, LOWER or REMAINS THE SAME. Explain your answer. (2)

Question 2 Light of a single frequency pass through a single slit. The first minimum is observed at point P on a screen, as shown in the diagram below. Point O is the midpoint of the
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central bright band. The distance OP is 2,5 cm and the slit width is 3,2 x 10 m.

2.1 What can be nature of light from this 2.2 Explain how the point P. (2)

deduced about the observation? (1) minimum is formed at

2.3 If the wavelength of the incident light is 600 nm, calculate the distance Q between the screen and the slit. 2.4

(5)

The original slit is now replaced by a second slit of different width, while the distance Q and the wavelength of the incident light remain the same. Distance OP changes to 4 cm. 2.4.1 How does the slit width of the second slit compare to that of the first slit? Only write down GREATER THAN, SMALLER THAN or EQUAL TO. (1) 2.4.2 Explain your answer to QUESTION 9.4.1 without performing a calculation. (2)

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Question 3 The diagram below shows a metal plate that emits electrons when a certain frequency of electromagnetic radiation is incident on it. The plate is connected to a source of potential difference and an ammeter as shown in the circuit below.

3.1

Name the phenomenon described above.

(1)

When radiation of wavelength 555 nm is incident on the metal plate, electrons are released with zero kinetic energy. 3.2 3.3 3.4 Define the term work function of a metal. Calculate the work function of this metal. How will the reading on the ammeter change if the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation is increased? Write down only INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. Give a reason for your answer. (2) (6)

(3)

3.5

Incident radiation with a longer wavelength is now used. How will the reading on the ammeter change? Write down only INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. (1)

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Topic 3: Electricity and Electromagnetism Question 1 The ability of capacitors to store charge makes them essential components in electrical appliances. Users are often warned of the dangers associated with capacitors inside appliances. 1.1 1.2 Briefly explain why it can be dangerous to touch a charged capacitor.
-4 2

(2)

A certain parallel plate capacitor consists of two identical aluminium plates,

each of area 2 x 10 m . The plates are separated by a distance of 0,03 mm, with air occupying the space between the plates. 1.2.1 Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor. 1.2.2 Calculate the charge stored on the plates of the capacitor when connected to a 6 V battery. 1.3 How will the capacitance of the capacitor in QUESTION 10.2 change (INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME) if: 1.3.1 Paper is used to fill the gap between the plates instead of air 1.3.2 The distance between the plates is increased. (1) (1) (4) (3)

Question 2 The circuit diagram below shows a battery, with an internal resistance r, connected to three resistors, M, N, and Y. The resistance of N is 2 and the reading on voltmeter V is 14 V. The reading on ammeter A is 2 A and the reading on ammeter
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A is 1 A.
2

(The resistance of the ammeters and the connecting wires may be ignored.)

2.1

State Ohm's law in words.

(2) (2)

2.2 How does the resistance of M compare with that of N? Explain how you arrived at the answer. 2.3

If the emf of the battery is 17 V, calculate the internal resistance of the battery. (5)

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za 2.4 2.5 Calculate the potential difference across resistor N. Calculate the resistance of Y. (3) (4)

Question 3 A source provides an rms potential difference of 36 V to a 4 and an 8 speaker connected in series, as shown in the diagram below.

3.1

Calculate the following: 3.1.1 rms current through the 4 speaker 3.1.2 Peak current through each speaker 3.1.3 Average power dissipated by the 4 speaker

(3) (3) (3)

3.2

Without using a calculation, state how the average power dissipated by the 4 speaker compares with the power dissipated by the 8 speaker. Give a reason for the answer. (3)

Question 4 Electric motors are used in pumps, fans and compressors. Electric motors can be either AC or DC. The diagram below illustrates one of these types of electric motors.

4.1 4.2

What type of electric motor (AC or DC) is illustrated in the diagram? Give a reason for your answer.

(2)

If the loop turns in a clockwise direction, in what direction is the current in section AB of the loop flowing in the above diagram? Write down from A to B, or from B to A only. (1)

The motor in the diagram is now changed to operate as a generator. 4.3 4.4 On what principle does a generator operate? (1)

Draw a sketch graph of the potential difference versus time for this generator while it is functioning. (2)

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Topic 1: Mechanics Solutions Question 1 1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5 Smaller Contact time for softer ball is longer than for rigid ball According to F t = p, the force exerted by floor on softer ball is smaller than on the rigid ball.
net

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Question 2 2.1

2.2

2.3

Question 3 3.1

3.2.1

3.3 Decreases. The final velocity of the car is zero and thus p decreases

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Solutions Topic 2: Waves, Sound and Light Question 1 1.1

Remains the same. The detected frequency is independent of the distance between the source and observer. Question 2 2.1 2.2 Wave nature Wavefronts from the slit arrive at point P out of phase and interfere destructively.

2.3

2.4.1 2.4.2

Smaller than

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Question 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 Photoelectric effect The minimum energy of light needed to emit (photo)electrons from a metal

3.4 3.5

Increases. With light of higher intensity more photons strikes the metal surface per second Decreases

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Solutions Topic 3: Electricity and Electromagnetism Question 1 1.1 1.2.1 Discharges very fast when touched and can cause electric shock (that can be fatal)

1.2.2

1.3.1 Increases 1.3.2 Decreases Question 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 The current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends at constant temperature. Equal 2 A divides equally at T (and since IM = 1 A it follows that IN = 1 A)

2.4 2.5

VN = IRN = (1)(2) = 2 V VY = 14 2 = 12 V VY = IRY 12 = (2)RY RY = 6

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Physical Sciences Paper 1 Exam Revision Learners Guide Winter School July 2011 www.learnxtra.co.za Question 3 3.1.1

3.1.2

3.1.3 3.2

4.1

DC. A split ring-commutator and is used to ensure that the current in the loop remains in the same direction through the complete cycle. B to A Electromagnetic induction

4.2 4.3 4.4

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