Biofuel in India

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Biofuel development in India centers mainly around the cultivation and processing of Jatrophaplant seeds which are very rich in oil (40%). The drivers for this are historic, functional, economic, environmental, moral and political. Jatropha oil has been used in India for several decades as biodiesel to cater to the diesel fuel requirements of rem rural and forest communities; jatropha oil ote can be used directly after extraction (i.e. without refining) in diesel generators and engines. Jatropha provides immediate economic benefits at the local level since it grows well in dry marginal non agricultural lands, thereby allowing villagers and farmers to leverage non -farm land for income generation. As well, increased Jatropha oil production delivers economic benefits to India on the macroeconomic or national level as it reduces the nation's fossil fuelimport bill for diesel production (the main transportation fuel used in the country); minimizing the expenditure of India's foreign currency reserves for fuel allowing India to increase its growing foreign currency reserves (which can be better spent on capital expenditures for industrial inputs and production). And since Jatropha oil is carbon-neutral, large-scale production will improve the country's carbon emissions profile. Finally, since no food producing farmland is required for producing this biofue (unlike corn or sugar cane l ethanol, or palm oil diesel), it is considered the most politically and morally acceptable choice among India's current biofuel options; it has no known negative impact on the production of the massive amounts grains and other vital agriculture goods India produces to meet the food requirements of its massive population (circa 1.1 Billion people as of 2008). Other biofuels which displace food crops from viable agricultural land such as corn ethanol or palm biodiesel have causedserious price increases for basic food grains and edible oils in other countries.

Seeds from the Jatropha curcasplant are used for the production of bio-fuel, a crucial part of India's plan to attain energy sustainability.

India's total biodiesel requirement is projected to grow to 3.6 Million Metric Tons in 2011 -12, with the positive performance of the domestic automobil e industry.Analysis from Frost & Sullivan, Strategic Analysis of the Indian Biofuels Industry, reveals that the market is an emerging one and has a long way to go before it catches up with global competitors [1]. The Government is currently implementing an ethanol blending program and considering initiatives in the form of mandates for biodiesel. Due to these strategies, the rising population, and the growing energy demand from the transport sector, biofuels can be assured of a significant market in India. On

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venture. As part of the project, a jatropha plant would be grown on 500 acres 2 km) cash crops on marginal lands in India often called waste lands). As its leaves are toxic and therefore

C uru districts. In t e Udaipur district, Jatropha curcas is planted in agroforestry formats wit food or

saplings.

non-palatable to livestock, they remain intact in their sapling stage, unlike most other tree

In September 2007, the Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited HPCL) joined hands with

the

Maharashtra

aharashtra State arming Corporation Ltd

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in Nashik and Aurangabad.[13] In November 2005, the

[citation needed]

S CL) for a jatropha seed-based bio-diesel

aharashtra

o vernment aimed to cultivate l t i l ti iti l 2002, t ti i t f t it R .135 B t l Li it l ll t t 7.5% t l li is scarce in tt t3 i C l i R .40 t illi 2006 l t it t t f i /

jatropha on 600 km in the state, with half the land going to the public sector and the other half to the

using bio-diesel from jatropha in over 100 public buses.

Ahmednagar
|
ulabrao Kale studied the prospects of plantation in the Ahmednagar district in aharashtra and PAP

program of government. Initially, it was a very difficult task to make farmers ready for the Jatropha plantation.

hen 20-25 farmers were offered the plan, only 2-3 farmers were convinced to plant

jatropha. Lack of literacy was a big hindrance in convincing the farmers. It was hard to convince them about the future benefits of the plant and its potential to produce bio-diesel, an equivalent of diesel. But after untiring and continuous efforts more than 1000 farmers are working with the

Jatropha planting program now. or this task, under the watershed development program,

took an area of 10.92 square kilometres for making CC S. o date, more than 2 million Jatropha

with

VIP a difficult task. [16][17]

Eastern India
 |
1 illiamson agor Bio uel Limited is a joint venture company between 1

creation of energy from renewable resources, the company promotes Jatropha Plantations on the

Company has a comprehensive network to manufacture bio-diesel from the oilseeds harvested by the farmers. Biodiesel initiative hopes to benefit local communities through commercial plantation of Jatropha. N

s and self help groups are also involved.

Practices
the financial assistance of

India has Planted Jatropha on 3 square kilometres, with the financial assistance of National and Vegetable oils development Board.

ilseeds

|~

he Project on

evelopment of Agronomic practices for Jatropha curcas is being implemented, with B , New elhi. r. Panjabrao eshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola S)

wasteland possessed by the farmers in the North Eastern States,

illiamson

agor group. his biodiesel initiative was incorporated in July 2006. Advocating the

rissa and Jharkhand. he

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and

ajdipoor in the project. he villages are in the remote locations and that made connecting them

ils plc, UK and

plants have been planted in the target area of the five villages of Vankute,

hoki,

hotre,

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under his guidance,

ovind

ramin Vikas Pratishthan

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private sector.

[14]

n July 1 2006, Pune

unicipal Corporation took the lead among Indian cities in

[15]

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VIP), decided to plan under

VIP for the VIP

havalpuri