1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Grade of Bolt to use Assume Type of bolt Assume Bolt Size Assume Length of Bolt Number of plates at joint Thickness of first plate Thickness of second plate Thickness of third plate Thickness of fourth plate Thickness of Thinner plate Type of loading Conditions Exposed To weather Corrosive Enviornment Shear Force Tension force

Result Yield Stress (fy) Ultimate Tensile Stress (fu) Elongation Shank Dia Shank Area Net Tensile Area (An) Head Diagonal (e) Head Thickness (k) Thread Length (b) Pitch of thread (p) Washer Outer Dia (OD) Washer Inner Dia (ID) Washer Thickness

Hole Dia If oversized dia to be usedm it should not exceed Min Edge Dictance max Edge Distance Minimum Pitch Macimum Pitch

Design Strength of Ordinary Black Bolts Bearing Bolts in shear Number of shear planes on threading part (nn) Number of shear planes without threading part (ns) Distance b/t first and last row of bolts in direction of load transfer (l Thickness of packing plates (tpkg) Ultimate Tensile Strength (fu) Nominal Shank Area (Asb) Net Tensile area through threads (Anb) Reduction Factor for long joints if (lj) exceeds 15 d Grip length (Total thickness of plates at joint) Reduction Factor for large grip lengths (Beta lg) Reduction Factor for Packing of plates (Beta pkg) Factored Shear force (Vsb) Nominal Capacity of bolt in shear (Vnsb) Result

(Beta ij)

Bolts in tension Factored Tension Force Nominal Capacity of bolt in tension Result

(Tnb)

Bolts In bearing Tensile Stress of Plate (fup) End Distance - centre of fastner bolt to edge Pitch in bearing direstion (P)

- (e)

Tensile Stress of bolt (fub) fu Submission of thickness of plates Nominal Diameter of Bolt (d) Hole Diameter - do Type of hole Kb (t)

Factored Shear Force Nominal Bearing Strenght of bolt (Vnpb) Result

4.8 Black bolts M12 55 mm 2 15 mm 10 mm mm mm 10 mm Tension Yes No 1.750 KN 1.177 KN

Drop Down ,For HSFG 8.8 & 10.9 are used Drop Down

Drom Down (12,22,27 not recommended for Black not there in HSFG)

Drop Down Drop Down Drop Down

320 MPa 420 MPa 1 400 %% 12 mm 113.14 sq mm 88.25 sq mm (0.78 * Shank Area) 20.88 mm 8.00 mm 20 mm 1.8 mm 24 mm 14 mm 3 mm

13 mm 15 20 mm 80 mm 30 mm 160 mm

1 0 160 0 420 MPa 113 mm 88.25 mm 1.00 25 1.00 1 2.19 KN 21.40 KN Pass

1.47 KN 33.36 KN Pass

It Should be less than = 41.14 KN OK

410 MPa 30 mm 160 mm

420 MPa 410 MPa 25 mm M12 13 mm Proper hole 0.77 Drop Down

2.19 KN 236.54 KN Pass

.8 & 10.9 are used

ot recommended for Black botls and M12 is

Pg 330 Grade Classification 3.6 4.6 4.8 5.6 5.8 6.8 8.8 9.8 10.9 12.9 Value

Yield stress (Mpa) min 180 240 320 300 400 480 640 720 940 1100 4.8 320

Pg 331 M12 M16 M20 M22 M24 M27 M30 M36 Value For l<=125 For 125<l<=200 For l>200

Head Diagonal (e) mm 20.88 26.17 32.95 35.03 39.55 45.2 50.85 60.79 M12 20.88 20.88 20.88 55 20.88

Length Of Bolt Final Value depending on length Pg 333 M16

Head Diagonal (e) mm 29.56

M20 M22 M24 M27 M30 M36

37.29 39.55 45.2 50.85 55.37 66.44

Value

M12 #N/A

Length Of Bolt Final Value depending on length 25 mm

55 #N/A

Head Diagonal 20.88 Black bolts #N/A High Strength Friction Bolts Value Black bolts 20.88

e/3do p/do-0.25 fub/fu

Long Slotted hole Oversized/short slotted hole Proper hole Value

Ultimate tensile stress Elongation (Mpa) min % min 330 25 400 22 420 500 520 600 800 900 1040 1220 14 20 10 8 12 10 9 8

Bolt Holes,Edge distance M12 Bolt size M12 M16 M20 M22 M24 M27 M30 M36 Hole Dia 13 18 22 24 26 30 33 39 13

420

14

Final Value

Head Thickness Thread Length of thread Pitch Washer (k)mm (b) mm mm (OD) mm (ID) mm 8 20 1.75 24 14 10 23 2 30 18 13 26 2.5 37 22 14 28 2.5 39 24 15 30 3 44 26 17 33 3 50 30 19 35 3.5 56 33 23 40 4 66 39

8 8 8

20 26 39

1.75 1.75 1.75

24 24 24

14 14 14

20

1.75

24

14

Head Thickness Thread Length Thread Length Pitch of thread (k)mm (b) mm <100 mm >100 m (b) m (OD) mm 10 31 38 2 30

12.5 14 15 17 18.7 22.5

36 38 41 44 49 56

43 45 48 51 56 63

2.5 2.5 3 3 3.5 4

37 39 44 50 56 60

#N/A

#N/A #N/A

#N/A

#N/A

#N/A Washer Head Tickness Thread Length of thread mm Pitch (OD) (ID) mm 8 20 1.75 24 14 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A

#N/A

#N/A

#N/A

20

1.75

24

14

0.77 12.06 1.02

118.27 165.58 236.54 KN 236.54

Pg 340

E 0.88 Thickness of plate 10 mm Max Edge 106.1 Max Edge (Corrosive env) 80

Min Edge Dist. ax Edge Dist M Pitch min Pitch Max 80.0 30 160 20 40 30 50 37 55 40 60 44 67.5 51 75 56 66.3 90 20 80.0 30 160

Washer Thickness (mm) 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5

3 3 3

1 FALSE FALSE 1

3 Washer (ID) mm Thickness (mm) 18

22 24 26 30 33 36

4 4 4 5 5 5

#N/A

#N/A

#N/A #N/A Washer Thickness (mm) 3 #N/A

Yes No

Value Value

Tension Yes

Max. Pitch Tension Compression No exp to weather Tacking Fastners Exp to Weather Tacking Fastners Final value

160 120 320 160 160

value Reduction Factor for long joints if (lj) exceeds 15 d (Beta ij) 1.07 Reduction Factor for large grip lengths (Beta lg) 1.57 Reduction Factor for Packing of plates (Beta pkg) 1 Nominal Capacity of bolt in shear (Vnsb) 21400.13 fu/sqrt of 3 nn*Anb + ns*Asb all factors 242.49 88.25 1

1.73

vaalue 200 200 300 200

Final Value 160 160 120 120 300 160 160

0.75<=Betaij<=1 1 1 1

Design Criteria
Standards
IS : 800 - 1984 (Code of practise fo General Construction in steel)

Material Used
Steel Pipe with Epoxy Paint Double Glazing 32mm (8mm+16mm+8mm) Bolts (4.8 grade) , Ultimate tensile stress (fu) Mild Steel Plate , Ultimate tensile stress (fu)

Loads applied
Wind Load , P Self weight

Load Results Max Tension Force (X-dir) (Factored) (Tx) Max Tension Force (Y-dir) (Factored) (Ty) Max Moment (Factored) (M)

Design Results
Pipe Strength of pipe in tension
Size of pipe Area of pipe face Deal Load of structure (From Staad file) Wind load Result (Staad Pro file attached)

Bolts
Size of bolt Length of bolt Grade of Bolt Bolt in tension

Nominal Capacity of bolt in tension (Tnb) Ultimate Tensile Strength (fub) Net Tensile Area (An) (0.78 * Shank Area) Therefore nominal Capacity in tension Bolt in shear Nominal Capacity of bolt in Shear Ultimate Tensile Stress (fu) Number of Shear planes on threading part (Nn) Number of Shear planes without threading part (Ns) Nominal Shank Area (Asb) Net Tensile area through threads (Anb) Therefore Nominal capacity of bolt in shear Bolts in bearing Nominal capacity of bolt in Bearing (Vnpb) End Distance - centre of fastner bolt to edge - (e) Pitch in bearing direstion (P) Total thickness of plates Nominal Diameter of Bolt (d) Hole Diameter - do Ultimate Tensile Stress (fu) (min of plate and bolt) Factor Kb (Smaller of (e/3do), (P/(3do)-0.25) and (fub/fu) Therefore Capacity of bolt in bearing Therefore provide four bolts @ 160mm C/C Result

Welding
Strength of weld Weld size Throat Thickness (te) Length of weld (Perimeter of Pipe) Lw Strength of weld (Lw*te*fy)/1.25 Result

Plate
Nominat strength of plate Net effective area (An) Width of plate (b) Number of holes in the direction of load

Diameter of hole (d) Thickness of plate (t) Therefore strength of plate Result

uction in steel)

420 Mpa 250 Mpa

2000 Pa

1.177 KN 1.750 KN 0.735 KNm

An*fu/1.25 OD=115mm, Th=6mm 6.64 KN 2 Mpa/m Safe

3.14 57.5 51.5 10391.07 8335.64

M12 55mm 4.8

0.9*fub*An 420 Mpa 88.25 sq mm 33.36 KN > Ty (fu/sqrt(3)) (Nn*Anb + Ns*Asb) 420 Mpa 1 0 113 mm 88.25 21.40 KN > Tx 2.5*Kb*d*t*fu 30 mm 160 mm 27 mm M 12 13 mm 250 Mpa 0.769 236.53 KN > Tx

Safe

(Lw*te*fy)/1.25 5mm 3.13 mm 360mm 225 KN > Tx Safe

0.9*fu*An/1.25 (b-nd)t 220 mm 2

13 mm 12 mm 419 KN > SF Safe