VICTORIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

This book is purchased from

The Schofield Fund
given inmemory of
William Henry Schofield
Victoria College, B.A. 1889
Harvard University, Ph. D. 1895
Professor of Comparative Literature
Harvard University, 1906-20.
Harvard Exchange P rofessor at

University of Berlin, 1907

Lecturer at the Sorbonne and
University of Copenhagen, 1910.
Harvard Exchange Professor at
Western Colleges, 1918.
lattmlhta on
FEOM THE UNIQUE MS. OF ABOUT 1420 A.D.

IN COLCHESTER CASTLE.

EDITED BY THE

EEV. BAETON LODGE, M.A.,

FORMERLY RECTOR OF ST. MARY MAGDALEN, COLCHESTER.

WITH A RYME INDEX

EDITED BY

SIDNEY J. H. HERRTAGE, B.A.,

KDITOR OF TUSSER'S " FIVE HUNDRED POINTS OF GOOD HUSBANDRY.'

(
'A
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\>; (
id

LONDON :

PUBLISHED FOE THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, BY

N. TKtJBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LTTDGATE HILL.
MDCCCLXXIII. dwl MPCCOLXXIX.
PR
A2
no.52.ia

UC16
2.Z-1-Y1

52 AND 72.
HERTFORD :

I'KINTKI) IiV STK1MIKN AI'STIX AND SON.".

 PREFACE.

OF the author of this translation nothing certain is known, and

he has not left us.

any clue by which we may hope to discover
name, position, or history: stat nominis umbra. Yery
traces of his

possibly he may have been a member of one of the Eeligious

Houses in Colchester, or the neighbourhood but this is only
;

conjecture, founded upon the known facts that gardening was

a
favourite pursuit of the inmates of these houses, and Palladius was
held in repute amongst them. The translator occasionally speaks
in his own person, in parentheses, and in the Prologues and
Epilogues, and though he does not thus help us in determining
directly who he was and where he lived, he affords us abundant
evidence that he was a religious and devout man. He must have
been possessed also of considerable learning, for those times,
to have been enabled to render his Author so correctly as he
generally does and his success in reproducing a Prose writer
;

in a Poetic dress indicates some literary taste as well as leisure.

The Editor not aware of the existence of any other transla-
is

tion of Palladius into English, though he has been published in

the vernacular of most of the other European nations. Of the
time and place at which the present translation was produced,
we may judge approximately by internal evidence. The form
and structure of the language point decidedly to a period little

subsequent to the age of Chaucer. The grammatical peculiar-

ities lead to this conclusion the Stanza adopted was a favourite
;

one with the great Poet in his early Canterbury Tales and in ;

our text expressions and turns of thought frequently occur,

which may justify the surmise that the translator, whoever he
I
VI PREFACE.

was, had recently read and admired Chaucer's wonderful poem,

and was led to an unconscious and humble imitation of his verse.
Some of the grammatical forms ordinarily employed by this

writer shall be appended, by which the Chaucerian reader will

be enabled to see at once the similarity referred to. In the
structure of the verse it is worth remarking that there is the
same tendency as in Chaucer to conclude a paragraph witji a

syllable, the rhyme to which occurs at the commencement of

the next paragraph, and not to complete the rhyme with the
paragraph, according to modern usage. Both writers also are
in the habit of making words of the same form rhyme together
if used in different senses. The author of this translation

frequently in a marked manner is at pains, to show by his

Latin explanations that there is this difference in the words of
the same sound at the conclusion of his lines. With respect
to the final e, usage cannot be made amenable to
this writer's

the same laws which have been applied with so much ingenious

plausibility to Chaucer. Whether these rules were strictly

observed by the great poet or not, enough has been done by
Dr. Morris, Professor Child, and others, to vindicate him from
the absurd charges made against his versification by Dryden.
Whilst I am on this subject I must just remark with regard
to the common word " atte," which is
generally explained to
mean at the, that in this work it repeatedly occurs, sometimes
as a monosyllable, sometimes as a
dissyllable, with the definite
article
immediately following. Our language was then evidently
in a transitional state ; and the dialect employed by our trans-
lator was,
according to the criteria supplied by Dr. Morris, that
of the East Midland districts. The Anglo-Saxon letters }>

(thorn) and p (wen) are not once used ;

the plural of verbs ends

generally in th, the infinitive often in en, the present participle

in yng or ing, but never in and or ande the past participle has
;

often the i or y
prefixed to it the pronouns are frequently used
:

in the dative. But more of this in the Grammatical Paradigm.

 PREFACE. Yll

The Manuscript from which this transcript has been made

had been lying long unnoticed in the Library of Colchester
Castle but how it came there, and whence it was brought,
;

there is no record
to show. Probably it was presented to the
Book Society, with many other volumes, by the late Charles
Gray, Esq. it has the printed Book-plate of the Society within
:

the cover, and the same impressed on the outside. It had

evidently been subject to much ill-treatment before binding ;

for the title-page is gone, several pages at the end have been

rudely torn, and the blank pages have been scribbled over.
The MS. is on parchment, in a good hand, carefully written in

most places, though sometimes showing signs of carelessness

in tne copyist ; occasionally a whole line is omitted, probably
from inadvertence, but once or twice a space is left, as if the
author had not completed the translation. Reference will be
made to these in the notes. The binder, by a strange blunder,
has lettered the volume " Tusser's Calendar MS."
With regard to the personal history of Palladius himself,
known facts are very scanty. Wecan assert that he was
called Palladius Rutilius Taurus .ZEmilianus, that he lived and
wrote about the time of Theodosius, in the fourth century,
and that his work on Husbandry in fourteen Books obtained

some celebrity but in determining tlje place of his birth, or

;

whether he was a lawyer or physician, as well as a practical

agriculturist, we have little more than conjecture to rely on.
There however, every reason, short of absolute demonstra-
is,

tion, for believing that the following verses apply to the author
of the treatise here translated at any rate they have merit
:

enough of their own to justify their reproduction. They are

by Rutilius, and were published in his Itinerary.

Turn discessurus studiis urbique remitto

Palladium generis spemque, decusque mei,
Facundus juvenis Gallorum nuper ab arvis
Missus Eomani discere jura fori.
Vlll PREFACE.

Ille ineae secum dulcissima vinculacurge,

Filmsaffectu, stirpe propinquus habet,

Cujus Aremoricas pater Exsuperantius oras

Nunc postliminium pacis amare docet.

The purity of Palladius's Latin style is remarkable, considering

the time at which he wrote and numerous copies of
;
his work
attest the honour in which he was held. Not only in Italy, to
which country more particularly adapted, but
his directions are

in other countries also, he has been much read and when our ;

own Milton undertook the office of tutor to his sister's two sons
" not content to
and others of his friends, according to Toland,

acquaint his disciples with those books that are commonly read
in the schools, wherof several are no doubt excellent in their

kind, tho' others are as trivial or impertinent, he made them

read in Latin the ancient authors concerning Husbandry, as Cato,
Yarro, Columella, and Palladius." That part of the work which
relates to the vine, and has apparently little to interest the

practical husbandman was once perhaps as

in this country,

acceptable as any for, beyond a doubt, vine-growing and wine-

:

making were formerly carried on to a great extent in England,

as Master Barnaby Googe, who wrote in the year 1614, bears
witness on this wise in the Introduction to his work, founded
on a German original,, on the " whole art and trade of
Husbandry, contained in foure Bookes, viz. I. of Earable-
Ground, Tillage and Pasture II. of Gardens, Orchards, and
;

Woods III. of feeding, breeding, and curing all manner of

;

Cattell ;
IIII. of poultrie, fowle, fish, and bees :

I have also beene carefull about the planting and ordering of the
Yine (though some of my friends would have had it omitted, as
altogether impertinent to our countrie) : because I am fully perswaded,
if diligence and good husbandrie might be used, wee might have a
reasonable good Wine, growing in many places of this Realme as ;

undoubtedly we had immediately after the Conquest, till partly by

slothfulnesse, not liking any thing long that is painefull, partly by
Civill discord long continuing, it was left, and so with time lost, as
 PREFACE. IX

appeareth by a number of places in this Eealme, that keepes still the

name of Vineyards ; and upon many Cliffes and Hilles are yet to be
scene the rootes, and old remaines of Vines. There is besides
Notingham an ancient house called Chilwell, in which .house re-
maineth yet, as an auncient monument in a great window
of glasse,
the whole order of planting, proyning, stamping, and pressing of
Vines. Besides there is yet also growing an olde Vine that yeelds
a Grape sufficient to make a right good Wine, as was lately proved
,by a Gentlewoman in the sayd House. There hath moreover good
experience of late yeeres beene made, by two noble and honourable
Barons of this Eealme, the Lord Villiams of Tame, and the Lord
Cobham, who both had growing about their houses as good Vines, as
are in many places of France. And if they answere not in all points
every man's expectation, the fault is rather to be imputed to the malice
and disdaine peradventure of the Frenchmen that kept them, then to
any ill disposition, or fault of the soyle. For where have you in any
place better, or pleasanter Wines, then about Backrach, Colin, Ander-
nach, and divers other places of Germanic, that have in manner the
selfe-same latitude and disposition of the Heavens that we have ?
Beside that the nearenesse to the Southis not altogether the causer

of good Wines, appeareth in that you have about Orleans, great store
of good and excellent Wine wheras if you go to Burges, two days
:

journey farther to the south, you shall finde a Wine not worth the
drinking. The like is (as I have heard reported by Master D. Dale,
Embassadour for his Majestic in these parts) of Paris, and Barleduke,
the Towne being Southward, with noughtie wines the others a great
:

wayes farther to the North, with as good Wines as may be. But
admit England would yeeld none so strong and pleasant Wines as are
desired (as I am fully perswaded it would), yet is it worth the triall
and travaile to have Wines of our owne, though they be the smaller ;

and therefore I thought it not meet to leave out of my booke the

ordering and trimming of Vines."

I would remark, in confirmation of Barnaby Googe's state-

ment, that, in an old map of Colchester, I have seen vines

depicted in the streets and in the Corporation Bolls, preserved
;

amongst the Colchester Records, we find that in the 3rd &

4th Richard II.,a sufficient piece of land was granted to place
three stulps (spores, or spars) to support a certain vine opposite
" in
the house of one Clement, a in North Street and
dyer :
x PREFACE.

4th & 5th Edward de Stowe raised two stulps

II., Hugh
under his vine opposite his tenement in Chero," i.e. the chair,
or scherd. And, further, in an account of Belhus, the seat of
the Barrett-Lennard family at Avely, in Essex, we are told
"a
that Belhus is described as capital manor, with house and
chambers, garden and vineyard from which there is record that
wine was made." Mr. Godwin, in the English Archceologists'
Handbook, informs us that vineyards are mentioned thirty- eight
times in the Doomsday Book. Few great Monasteries were
without them. They are referred to in the laws of King
Alfred, and are said by Yopiscus to be as old as A.D. 280. One
in Essex is alluded to, quce reddit xx modios vini si bene procedit.

One also is stated to have existed at Bisham, Berks. Mr.

Roach Smith has not only called attention to the subject in a

very interesting pamphlet, but has also attempted on a large

scale to restore the cultivation of the vine in England as a
branch of husbandry and it is to be hoped that his patriotic
;

experiment may be attended with success.

The Editor is well aware, however, that the value of this

publication will consistmainly in the specimens it affords of

the structure of our language at an important period, and to
its first use in English of many agricultural and horticultural
terms. He trusts that in these directions it will render suffi-
cient aid to the philologist, in pursuing his interesting investi-

gations, to justify the labour and expense which have been

bestowed upon it.
 GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

I WOULD first venture a remark on the great variety of the

spelling. It is not only that the present participle is written some-

times with an i, sometimes with a y, sometimes with a final e,

sometimes without it ; that the past participle sometimes has the t

or y prefixed, though oftener not ;

that the infinitive appears now
with the suffix en or ene, and now without it : but the same word,
without any apparent reason, is represented in every possible
variety of form. Thus in the compass of a few pages the word air

is spelt in four different ways e.g. : we have 1, aier ; 2, aire ; 3,

ayer ; 4, eire ;
and the common adverb well appears in 13/334 as
wele, and in the same page as weel, whilst in other places, as
195/282, it is wel. There is the same want of uniformity in many
other words ;
and such queer spellings as auntceaunt for ancient, and
medessyng for medicine, do not point toany clearly defined rules for
the guidance of writers of that period. Most of the MSS. of the
time are equally obnoxious to the same charge and it is hardly ;

reasonable to suppose that there was an abrupt descent into this

confusion from an age of greater uniformity. It therefore appears
to me that clever men are building their ingenious theories on a
rather unsafe and uncertain foundation, when they make them to
depend on the presence or absence of the final e in early MSS.

In the grammatical forms which follow, I make no attempt to

systematize or account for them. I simply lay before the reader
some of the more prominent, and leave to others the task of

applyiug them to scientific use.

Xli GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

THE PLURAL OP NOUNS SUBSTANTIVE

agrees, in the great majority of instances,with modern usage, ending

in s or es but remains of the old plural in n are not wanting, not
:

only in Jiousen, and oxen and exon, but the following also occur :
Treen, for trees, 4/86. Soon, for bones, 58/394.
Cleen, for claws, 34/937. Kyen, for cows, 130/707.
Foon, for foes, 139/964. Stren, for straws, 74/362.

Been, for bees, 138/953. Een, for eyes, 105/25 and 129/677.
;

Fleen, for fleas, 34/915. Toon, for toes, 188/49.

There are some few instances of plurals in ys, e.g. :

Wormys, for worms, 138/945. Marys, for mares, 132/779.

Bonys, for bones, 213/170. Malys, for males, 134/821.
Hillys, for hills, 213/181.

Traces of a still older plural are to be noticed in

Eldron, for elders, 26/714.

Eyon, for eyes, 80/552.
Eyron, for eggs, 22/582.
Lamber and lambron, for lambs, 145/154, and following.
Peson, for peas, 106/68, will not appear extraordinary to readers
of Tusser but in 149/8 we find also peses, pese being the singular.
;

Foot in the plural occurs regularly in its modern form feet, but
when it
signifies a measure of length, it is for the most part written
footes, e.g. 210/87. There are some rare examples of the plural
in e : I can only call to mind kynde, 13/335 ;
stede = places in

183/127 ;
and pigge in 100/1086.

INFLEXION OF NOUNS SUBSTANTIVE.

The genitive singular ends most frequently in es, or s only, as :

J
Hienes *fcywie=Hiena s skin, 180/43.

Strengths qualitee=iqnality of strength, 33/786.

Generations libertee=
liberty of generation, 130/724.
Cannys &woes=knots of cane, 123/542.
This trees feet and legges=this tree's feet, etc., 88/750.
Oon dayes while=ihe duration of a
day, 201/389.
 GRAMMATICAL NOTICES. Xlll

The genitive plural is also formed by adding s or es, e.g.

Myries frames =:berries of myrtles, 59/414.

Vynes rootes=roots of vines, 101/114.

Swynes dounge, 92/860.

Greynes waraes=names of grains, 9/232.

But the preposition of, as in Modern English, is much more com-

monly used instead of the genitive, both singular and plural, as

"
"part of our laboure," 1/14; preef of holsom air," 2/34; "dyvers
kynde of treen," 13/336.
Numerous instances occur in which the preposition is omitted.
It may be worth while to specify a few of them :

Every maner pere, 88/177. Sycomore a certayne, 185/185.

A potful hony, 95/968. This wyne the fourthe part,

Every syde it, 105/34. 202/428.

An acre lande, 106/56. A conge wyne=congius of wine,
This maner drove, 134/826. 203/453.
A sester old wyne, 145/146. Two sester hony, 205/514.
A strike floure, 205/520. A galon muste, 205/519.

I am unable to produce instances of any other case unless Summer ;

and Winter, in 13/328 and 9, and alibi, are to be considered as

ablatives. I have looked for datives differing in form from the

accusative, but I cannot find any that I should like to vouch for.
For instance, though "in hoot lande," 124/573, "in bareine lande,"
" Yf that thi
7/169, seem to have a dative e, when compared with
" The lande
land," 9/220, yet other instances like is goode," 5/110 ;

" the lande is efte to plowe, 164/2

" land also thai seke,"
. . ; deep
8/193; "oute of that land," 8/194, prevent one's giving any in-
flexional value to the final e.

ADJECTIVES

present fewer variations from modern usage. I speak, of course, of

those occurring in this translation. The adjective more frequently
has the final e than not, whether it be definite or indefinite ;
in the
XIV GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

plural the occurrence of the e is more uniform. I will first produce

examples, carefully verified, of its indiscriminate use.

"
ft
This fals humour let goode water oute trie (180/40).
" Kest it so
thyne wyne araonge," i.e. thin wine (200/382).
" Yf me shall hoote water "
sprynge (143/95).
"In reed (=red), and hoore, and blake unvariable,
Of hem the reed is best, the boor is able" (14/354-5).
" The landes
fatte, or lene, or thicke, or rare,
"
Or drie or moiste (5/100).

But even in the plural there are exceptions, e.g. :

"In places colde and moist" (10/243).

" "
Mystes derk (2/30).
"In places moist" (84/646).
" Ther "
swymmeth seeke, & hool adowne wol hie (216/264).
The possessive pronoun almost invariably has the final e thaire :

browes, 135/867 ; thaire homes, 134/830 thaire landes, 181/55 ; ;

but this does not apply to Ms nor to her for "their"; and tliin for

"thy" is
frequently used without the e, as in 3/56, "No doubte is in
thi water nor thin aire."
There is one instance of an adjective declined with es in the
" Of children clennes in virginitee," 9/229.
plural,
If " myres," 35/966, be an adjective, it is worth notice ;
but I
incline to think a substantive in the genitive singular.
it is

"
Such adjectives as "eschewe for to eschew, or to be eschewed, are
not of infrequent occurrence, 20/528 ; 125/586.

DEGREES OF COMPARISON

are formed by er for the comparative, and est for the superlative,
whatever may be the number of syllables :
thus, we have not only
sweeter, sweetest, and rather, rathest ; but also

diligenter, for more diligent, 119/435,

Iconnyngest, for most skilful, 151/63,

fertilest, for most fertile, 101/1136,

lattest, 14/364,
and the old comparative herre, for
higher, occurs 77/445.
We have the usual irregular comparatives and superlatives, e.g.
 GRAMMATICAL NOTICES. XV

" better "

better, best ; worse, worst ; more, most ; less, least, etc. :

often assumes the form."bette," as "more" does that of "

mo," or
" moo."

"This Feveryere and Marche is for hem bette" (97/1011).

"
"The bitterest erthe and werst that thou canst thinke (4/81).

Forme occurs (60/447) in its old sense of first (A.S. forma), and
the double superlative formest (which we now write foremost, as if
from fore and most), appears in 72/317, and again in 190/93.
There is a peculiar use of the adjectives great, small, etc., which
" Bushell "
is
worthy of attention. greete is an example but the ;

instances are so numerous that it is

easy to adduce others, thus :

" The "

graffes to be litel finger grete (74/379).
" "
A finger greet is
rounde ynough to sette (85/673).
" The chanels thou most "
fynger grete espie (155/187).
"
"And therupon doo stones handfull grete (155/181).
"Grynde it pouder small" (169/149).
" Til it be fatte and thicke iche dele
"
hony (205/516).
" And "
stere it until hony thick it renne (185/189).

Similar to these are "water tempered" (215/232), and "dounge

"
ywette though they may be regarded as no more than
(191/122) ;

ordinary compound words to be joined by a hyphen, like " sonne

ydried," in 185/170; but "ox dounge ennoynte," three lines above,

does not so easily reconcile itself to our notions ; and we meet with
other similar expressions quite as strange.

PRONOUNS.

The Pronoun of the first person is uniformly I or Y in the singular,

and we or wee in the plural. The genitive, I believe, does not occur.
The dative me is very common preceding impersonal verbs, as me
thynketh, me lysteth, etc. The pronominal accusative me is to be
carefully distinguished from the indefinite me, meaning one or men,
and used in the nominative, e.g. "me moost" (l/2)=one must. Us
in the dative plural is to be remarked in such phrases as, "Us is

to write," 1/8, etc.

The Pronoun of the second person is thou, or tlwwe, in the singular,

and in the plural ye. I am unable to produce an instance of the
XVI GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

genitive. The dative the or thee is common enough with im-

" What
personals, e.g. the liketh" (48/113.). The most usual form
of the accusative is the, but we meet thee also.

The Pronouns of the third person are he, she, and it, or yt, or hit,

or hyt. The dative and accusative of he are him or hym of she most ;

" Yf he bite hir in his "

frequently Mr, e.g. rage (136/882).
The plural of the third person is thai, thay, or thei, gen. her, or
er, or here. Dative and accusative very generally hem, but we do
meet with thayme, e.g. 92/875: "Thayme that are of gentilnesse."
It may be remarked here that self and selve are joined indifferently

to singular and plural thus, in 1/4, Aemse// themselves in 3/64,

:
;

itselve=itso[. In 5/117, we have hemself again=themselves and ;

in 94/931, fo'wseZfle himself.

The possessive pronouns are mi, my, min, myne ;
and in the plural
oure, ower.
For the second person, thi, thy, thin, thine; and in the plural
youre ; and for the third person his or hys for neuter as well as
masculine, and her, hir, hire, for the feminine in the plural thaire, ;

thayre, theire. her, here. In 135/867, her and thaire occur in the
same line :

" Thaire
browes hoore, her tempils holgh uneven."

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS.

The is without inflexion, singular and plural.

This admits no variation in the singular ; but in the plural we
have thees, 3/43; this, 30/801; 104/6; thoo, 68/194. But thoo
would seem rather to be the plural of that.
Professor Child (see Ellis's Early English Pronunciation, pp. 354,
et seq.) has noticed the frequent use in Chaucer of this instead of the
definite article. It is in our author. I will
very common, also,

produce a few examples.

" And in is test
This opium Quyrynaike" (101/1139),

which had not been mentioned before.

"Nowe pulverised he this vynes yonge" (106/71).
 GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

The first mention of vines here. In like circumstances,

"Noo man spare
"
This goldes outlier rabes forto sowe (110/173).
In
" This "
gourdes in this Moone also beth sowe (1 14/280),
" This Mules "
for to make who so delite (136/870),

where nothing had before been said about mules. See also 38/1044.
It occurs frequently in the form hit, e.g. 29/780, 37/1011. The
possessive form is Ms, as in 29/773 :

" That it in itself his moisture kepe."

may

THE EELATIVE.
" Who " is of all genders, as " Seedes who descende," 112/220,
and that not only in the nominative, but also in the genitive, and
other cases, and in both numbers e.g. ;

" "
Whoos seede in moolde if that me delve (82/584).
" The "
vyne and fruyt, and place in whom thai growe (6/128).
" Eke unto whome from hilles sender"
places (49/145).
" As
hony me may kepe it in a stene,
"
In stede of Avhome in metes it demene (205/501).

That occurs most frequently as a relative. Sometimes it is used

for Tie who, e.g.
" That" "
(i.e. he that) "robeth hem well worthi go to hell is (196/271).
" And that " that " was cut close it after dene "
(i.e. which) of, (127/655).

ADVERBS.

We refer to the Glossary for a goodly number of rare and in-

teresting adverbs ;
not only the original form of the ordinary adverb
in ly ; e.g. joyfulliche, 215/222, and iliche = equally, 7/167, and
such specimens as pitchelonges, 150/42, afterlonges, 66/139, allyng,

208/42, etc., etc. but the following are also noteworthy by and
;
:

by=now and nowe and nowe, used much in the same

and then ;

sense. Eft and e/fc=again and again; to and fo=regularly, in

course from nowe /br^=henceforth atte a/e=altogether, omnino,
; ;

see 77/463; therayeine=o\i the other hand; amonge=iu the

meantime, 105/29 ;
so or soo as the case may be, 155/166 ; every
XV111 GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

amonge=every now and then, 105/29. The interjection wellesay

occurs, 167/91, but I have not been able to meet with it elsewhere.
It is hardly necessary to mention the numerals ones, twies, tJiries.
The ordinary comparison is by the suffixes er, and est.

VERBS.

All the persons of the verb in the plural number end most

frequently in tJi, in the present indicative, and the imperative. As

was to be expected from the nature of the subject, we have not
many preterites ; but in 79/500, instead of the strong form grew,
we meet with growed. The third singular subjunctive is of most
frequent occurrence, e.g. 149/4 :

" Untouched nowe the Tilman let hem growe."

And let, do, make, with an infinitive active, like the French laisser,
and the German lassen, are very frequent. We have repeated
instances of the infinitive in en, as Tcepen, slen, doon ; but the
omission of the en or n is much more frequent, as, to sle, to Jcepe, to

do. Sometimes the two forms occur in the same line, e.g. :

"What is to rere or doon in everything" (1/11).

The following are examples of to omitted before the infinitive :

" Suffice "

it the there as thowe casteth dwelle (9/234).
" Thai loveth derk "
Septentrion beholde (217/279).
" "When he his "
gemray tail begynneth splay (23/625).
" And as hennes heel her maladie
right
Isgoode" (25/686).
" &
Early and whete sengul sedes owe
VIII daies floure,"
i.e.
ought to flower (149/6).
" The "
plaunte in yeres two wol gynne grone (216/255).
"And after suffre thay the sonne it drie" (158/8).
"And yf the tree begynne seke," i.e. to sicken (193/177).

On the contrary, to is often redundant before the imperative, e.g. :

" "
Oonly the litel feet to clerae in cley (92/888).

In the following passage we have both the redundant as and the

to before the imperative :

" Lowe on the truncke

as wounde him in the rynde,
A lite humoure whenne oute of it is ronne,
With chaved cley the wounde ayein to bynde " (212/141-3).
 GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

PARTICIPLES.

Those of the present tense all end in ing or yng, as bering, 4/7,

havyng, 38/1038. The following are various instances of the past

participle :
taken, 1/1 ; overtake, 8/2 ; fonde, 2/3 ; brought, 6/2 ;

hidde, 7/2 ; overgrowe, 9/220 ; forferde, 109/160 ; spende, 105/40 ;

turne, 45/26 ; gonnen, 159/23 ;

eete = eaten, 123/553 bende ;
=
bent ; sprad, 31/135 ;
letted hindred, 105/31 ;
holde from verb held,
lest=rlost ; taked=having taken, 83/630 ; wende, 93/902 ; sayen=
seen, 93/907; unrende, 104/9; stolon, 113/269; umvironne, 13/334;
sene, 122/520 ; heede=hidden, 111/199 ; wrion=covered, 171/11;
rope=reaped, 183/127.
The following occur with the prefix i or y :
ywonden, 115/314 ;

ygrounde, 15/400 ; ychaunged, 21/566 ; y wesh=washed, 27/762 ;

y meddled, 28/763 ypitte ; put, 41/1119 Ysowe=sowed, passim

; ;

Idolve =
delved, Itaught = taught, 81/570; ywronge squeezed =
90/814; iholde, 250/48; ycalled, 93/921: ydoon, 70/259; ydoo'
75/405.
NEGATIVES.

Two in the same sentence strengthen the negation, according to

"
the usual rule, as " ne and " not."
" So that
they ne touche not" (89/804).

The negative verbs nath=has not, na=have not, nys=is not, nare
=are not, nass=was not, nylle=will not, nolde=would not, have
frequently, but not always, another negative adding emphasis, e.g.
" The frostes na noo domination"
(188/41).
" And naked cley nys nought" (77/450).

NOMINATIVE ABSOLUTE.

Numerous instances might be produced ; the following will

suffice :

" This
flooring wol be black and wynter warrae
l
And, lycoure shedde, anoon it wol up drie" (13/344-5).
" " 2
Sprad the winges outte, sette up an oule (31/835).

1 " et siqua fundentur ex poculis velociter rapta desuget."

Orig.
2 "Noctua pennis patentibus extenta
Orig. suffigitur."
XX GRAMMATICAL NOTICES.

" The corse idelve in grounde, the rootes wol abounde " :
(73/336).
VMen graffe hem nowe, thaire graffes buddes ungrowe"
2
(98/1046).
"This doon, is other thinges for to doo" 3 (27/736).

PECULIAR ORDER OF WORDS.

Professor Child (in Ellis's E. E. Pron. p. 375) has collected
several instances from Chaucer, but none more peculiar than some
of these in our author :

" "
Coloured, stonde not on to besily to se thi lande (4/71) ; i.e.
stand not too much on seeing thy land high coloured.
" Yit if that he Vulturnus oversette a
vyne in heete or other blastes
"
lette i.e. if he let the N.E. or other blastes overset a vine.
(6/144) ;

" The "

pament under thorled and suspense, bete under fyre
i.e. make a fire under the hollow
(19/500) ; pavement.
"The lupinge is noo wedyng on to spende" (46/71); i.e. no
weeding be expended on the lupine.
is to
" The "
vynes roote umwried be fayne wolde (171/7) ;
i.e. would
fain be covered.

"This moone is good, to make in, pastyning" (46/71) ;

i.e. in this

month it is
good to do pastining.
" The hem with, of neutes grene" (92/865)
galle, is boote to touche ;

i.e. it is
good to touch them with a green newt's gall.
" Other with noo holde " i.e. hold with no other.
(130/715) ;

" A fressh potte on hem sevred pitcheth ynne " (127/657) ; i.e.

put them in separately on a fresh pot.

"A comune busshell greet circumferent, one of thi worchers
"
falle (151/60) one of thy workmen
;
i.e. let fall the tree when it

is as large round as a common bus el.

DISSYLLABLES PRONOUNCED AS MONOSYLLABLES.

Thorowe, 90/814 ; over, 92/879 ; sayen, 92/884 ; comefh, and

several verbs of the third singular, 97/1019 (as so often in

Chaucer, etc.) ; forowe, 105/41 ; theroute=su5 divo passim ; eree to

plough, 62/40 ; and ayenie is pronounced as a dissyllable.

1 " Si infossione totius 2 "
corporis obsuatur." Antequam germenint."
3
"His ordinatis."
 A TABLE OF CONTENTS
was prefixed to the MS. ;
but the part coming under A. and B. has
been lost. That which appears here under these letters is supplied

by the Editor ;
the rest is carefully transcribed from the MS., and

adapted to the pages of this edition. The references to the lost por-

tions of this translation have been retained, and are merely assigned
to their respective months.

Ablaqueacion of vynes, what it is, 44.

Ache to sowe in Aprill in sweete lande, 142.
Ador is sowe atte October, 187.

Age of hors, markes of, 135.

Aier, its importance in husbondrie, 2.

Almand-tree to be sette in Januarie, 53.

Almand-treen bitter if beestes bite hem, 54.

Alsike made with Barly, 163.
Ammoniake goode to stop chenes in baths, 41.

Antes, to preserve nuttes from, 57.

Anyes sowe in Marche in gladsom ayer, 114.

Appultreen graffed in Feuerer & Marche, 78, 91.

Armarik wol growe in Octob'r, 192.
Askes medled with dounge goode for Appul-treen, 91.

Asperages, wilde, tried into erth ytilde, 84.

Asses, ho we to chese, 136.
Asse stalon, to swage his melincoly, 1 36.

Aysel procured from serves, 53.

Baathes, helthe aryses from, 40.

Baathes, to bilde, 40.
Balke, what it is, 44.

Bathes suspensures, 40.

XX11 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Bayes of myrte, wine made of, 59.

Bees, plauntes & busshes proper for, 37.

Bees to be kept from odoure of kychen, etc., 38.

Bees not to be kept where there is an echo, 38.

Bees not to be kept in Potters' hyves, 38.
Been, howe to bey, 39.
Been when seke, howe to helpp oute of pyne, 137.

Been, felicitee ennoieth hem, 138.

Been, howe to fynde where thai dwell, 145.
Been, howe to hyve hem, 147.
Been, butterflies ennoye hem, 147.
Bees, strong swarmes of, in May, 155.
Bee, kyng, howe called by the Greeks, 155.
Bees pike hony from thamarike atte gynnyng of November, 218.
Benes to be yweded twyes, 46.
Benes howe to pull in Juyn, 160.

Bildyng House, 12.

Bildyng Mues, 20.
Bildyng cisterne, 17.
Bildyng celar for oyles, 19.
Bildyng wyne-celar, 17.
Bildyng columbary, 20.
Blichenyng, remedies against, 31.
Blite rooted in Marche wol endure, 114.
Boles bloode used for cements, 41.
Brik is maade in May, 156.
Bulles, to chese, 130.
Butterflies ennoye bees, 147.

Cisterne, celar for oyles, wine-celar, and columbary, in B, at bildyng.

Chiches f Colcase "|

Cresses I
Cappare
Chyues or cyues ! Coriandre I In S atte sowyng.
Cunnila Cerfoile

Com'yn Cucuber
Cicera
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. XX111

Cucumber in ffeveryere to sowe and make swete and longe withouten

core, or elles lyke a rede in lengthe, 110, 111.
Cocumber is so ferde of thounder that it turneth, and from oiles it

woll clicche awaye, 111.

To make cucubres of what fourme the list, 111.

To graffe cucuber in breere and ferule, 111.

1

Cannetes in ffeuerer to make, 80.

Chastentree plantyng and settyng in ^"ovemVr, 216.
Citurtree (orenges) tylling in Marche, 119.
Citurtree graffyng, and of his eternite in fruyte and floures, 121.
Citurtrees bitter mary to chaunge into swete, 121.
Citurfruyte to kepe, 121.
Citurtrees tillyng in May, 152.
Citurtree plauntyng in Juyn.
Cornes may not be touched in flouryng, 149.
Chiritree in Octob'r graffyng and setting, and what lande is good for
hem, 195.
Chiries to growe withouten stones, 195.
Eemedie for rooty nge of chiri trees, and for auntz, 195.

Coltes or foles of hors to knowe in Marche, 135.

Causinge of teeth, 135.

Calues geldyng in dyuers wyse, 152.
Castracion of calues in Juyn, 162.

Chese-makyng, kepinge, and counfityng in May, 154.

Carene, defruyte, and sape counfit in Octob'r, 204.
Cydonite counfit in Octobre, 205.

Dales beth not to duelle, June.

Douves to multiplie, 20.

To save douves from the wesell, 20.

Donge or myddyng, howe it shal stonde, 28.

Deluyng aboute vynes or treen, 79.

Date-stones to sette in Octob'r, 193.

Defruyte to counfit in Octob'r, 204.

Erthe in L atte lande.

Excodicac^oun of vynes in Januarie, 44.

XXIV TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Eringe of lande in L atte londe.

Exon to chese in Marche, 129.

Exon of dyvers condicions, 130.
Exon tamynge, 131.
Exon tamyng in other wyse, 132.
Emplastryng solempne in Juyn, 161.
Emplastringe in Juyll, 165.
Emplastering in Aust, 173.

Feelde in L atte lande.

ffeeldes to beye discrecion, 11.

ffleen for to destroie, 33.

ffloring for threshing, 36.

ffallyng tymbre in Januarie, 59.

ffigtree plantyng in Marche, 123.
ffiggtree land, and settyng in in maners, 123.

ffigtree to caprifie and scarifie with moche remedy, 125,

ffigtree that casteth his fruyte goode remedie, 126.
ffigtree fele and fatte to make, 126.
ffiges sone ripe to be lately ripe, and econt, 126.

ffigtree plechyng and inoculinge, 127.

ffiges keping, 127.
ffiges of dyvers colours upon oon tree, 128.

ffigtree settyng in May, 145.

ffigtree caprified and graffed in Juyn, 161.

ffallyng of tymb'rfor gutters in May, 151.
ffeyngreek hervest for fodder in Juyn, 160.
ffitches ffevngreek ^
* i
(

L*
)
m
.

s atte
nasele \
norage J

ffernand segges to destroye in Aust, 172.

fferment musty, 205.
ffesauntes to rere and fatte, 25.

Gouvernaunce is the grete crafte of husbondrie, 5.

Graynes in S atte seed.

Gravel pref : and grosshing gravel is best, 3.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS. XXV

Garner makyng, 18.

Garden ho we it shal stande, 28.
Garden closure, 29.

Gardyn remedie, 31, etc., al thourgh til 37.

Graffe in the Countree gyse, 30.

Graffyng in ni maners, in the rynde, and in the stocke, and eraplastring,

in ffeurer, 73.
Graffes chesyng gretenesse and shappe, 75.
Graffyng of vynes in Elmes, 75.
Graffyng Peches to growe withoute stones, 76.
Graffyng of Peretreen in ffeurer, 88.
Graffyng of Molbury-tree, 97.
Graffyng Pertree and Citurtree in Aust, 173.
Grape ungreyned in dyvers maner maade, 101.
1
Grapes white and blake in oon vyne.
Grapes whiche for the borde, which for the wyne, 63.
Grapes to kepe in the wyne til veer, 186.
Garlek Gooldes
IQ g att
j j
Goordes I Gith )

Greek reysons, 206.

Gresse to destroie in in maners, 168.
Geese to rere and fatte, 27.
Goot buckes to chese and gouuerne, Nov r .

Gynnes makyng for foulinge in Septemb'r, 183.

Gynnes and foulynge in Decemb'r.

Husbondrie standeth in mi things, 2.

Haliday hath noon necessitee, 7.

Housyng in B atte bildyng.

Horstalons putte forth to mares in Marche, 132.

Hors shold have iin thinges : fourme, coloure, mite, and pulcritude,
136.
Hors stalons age, aud mares, 135.
Stalons of asses with her age, 137.
Hennes to rere, and make hem ofte hatche, 22.

1
Not in the translation.
XXVI TABLE OP CONTENTS.

Hennes to hele of the pippe and cornes, 22.

Hony- counfit, 168.
Hony and wexe of dyvers herbes, 38.

Hony-onfake counfit, 178.

Heruest in Juyn, 158.
Heruest in Juyl, 164.
Hervest of Panyk in September, 183.
"

Houres in Januarie, 60. Houres in Juyl, 169.

Houres in Feuerer. Houres in August, 178.
Houres in Marche, 139. Houres in Septemb'r, 186.
Houres in Aprill, 147. Houres in Octob'r, 206.
Houres in May, 157. Houres in Novemb'r.
Houres in Juyn, 163. Houres in Decemb'r.

luglandes, 98.

Kareme, defruite, and sape Counfit, 204.

Landes election, 3, 4.
Londe feble ;
fertile lande, 6.

Lande bareyn is to be fledde fro, 7.

Lande is not to be balked, 8.

Lande profounde for greet olyues, 8.
Lande is to take on hande as men may til, 8.

Lande ouergrowe is holpen with gouernance, 9.

Lande for wheete and barly, 10.

Lande that is salt to be remedied, 10.
Lande chesyngin colde countree, 10.
Lande fenny nys to eree or plowe, 45.
Lande for vynes, 48, 49.

Lande ofte ereed or plowed, 49.

Lande for meles, 91.

Lande for quynces, 94.

Lande for molbury tree, 97.

Lande plowyng in Januarie, 45.

In ffeuerer, 61.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. XXV11
Lande in Marche, 105.
In Aprill, 140.
Lande plowing in May, 150.
Lande plowyng in Juyn, 160.
Lande plowyng and stookkyng in Juyl, 164.
Lande plowyng in August, 171.
Lande plowyng in Septemb'r, 179.
Lande donginge in Septemb'r, 180.
Lande to remedie for euel humour, 180.
Lande to remedie for evel bestes, 180.
Landes weete, moddy, stony, or wedy to remedie, 180.
Lyme the makyng therof, 17, 41.
Lilies to sette or so we, 80/538, where read lilly.

Letuce sowing, and to make white letuce, 50, 51.

Letuce with other herbes in a wride, 5 1/207. L
Letuce and lynseed in S. atte sowing.
Leek seede sowing to make tender leekes and greete heded leekes, 84.
Leek plantes the gretenesse the maner of kittyng the blades and
;

rootes, and to make hem heded grete, 84.

Lupyne reping, kepyng, and sowyng, 151.

Lambes to rere, 167.

Liquamen castimonial, 90.

Lard, Bacons, and echyne fish, to salt, 58.

Molde is to be moeved about a roote, 79.

Mues in B. atte bildyng.

Middyng or dunghill, 28.

Markyng of beestes, and makyng condimentz, 58.

Medues in leene and drie lande, 44.
Medys in tempre lande, 61.

Medys in colde lande to dense, 105.

Medys newe to make, 182, 208.

Meles to graffe in ffeuerer, 91.

Meles lande to growe, 91.
Meles to remedie, 92.

1
Wride evidently is here the substantive, and wonder the adjective. " A wonder
wride" seems to mean a strange lump or mass. A.S. wriftan, to twist.
XXV111 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Meles may be grafted in dyvers treen, 92.

Meles fruyte kepinge, 93.
Meles maade aisell and wyne of, 93.
Melons to [blank left in MS] in Marche, and make swete as Mylk and
smelly ing as Koses, 110.
Meddelers to sette in March, 122.
Meddelers to remedie for wormes and make fertile, 122.

Meddelers to remedie for auntes and castyng fruyte, 122.

Meddelers to graffe and to kepe, 122, 123.

Moldewarpps to sle, 34.

Molbury tree tilynge in ffeuerer, 96.

Plantyng molbery tree, remedie for hem, and graffing of the same, 97.
Mixe sowyng and settyng in Marche, 98.
Mastik tree to plaunte and graffe in Marche, 98.
Male apultreen in Octob'r to sette, 196.
Male apples to counnt in Octob'r, 203.

Myntes {Q g< atte

Malvesj J j
Medice) I Milde )

Mares to chese and gouuerne, 132.

Mules to have in dyvers wyses, 136.

Kuttrees to sette in Januarie, 56.

Kemedy for Nuttrees, and Nuttes Tarentyne, 57..

To kepe Nuttes, 57.
Nepes and Rapes in Juyl to sowe and make grete, 165.

Olyve is to be planted of children, 9.

Olyves grete stande in depe lande, 8.

and goode lande for hem, 76.

Olyuetes to sette in ffeuerer,
Olyve bayes of dyvers names, and order of thaire standyng, 77.
Olyves to rere withouten olyve plantes, 78.
Olyves (to) seek to hele in Marche, 108.
Olyves bareyne to make here, 108.

Olyves graffyng in Aprill that fier distroye hem not, 141.

Olyvetes to ordeigne, sette, and donge in Octob'r, 189.

Olyves bareyne to bring into beringe cum coitu suo, 190.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. XXIX

Olyves putacion in Novemb'r with oil makyng, 209.

Olyves to sette and cure in Novemb'r, 209.
Oile myrtite made in Januarie, 59.
Oile Lauryne in Januarie maade, 59.

Oile Lentiscyne maade in Januarie, 59.

Oile liliate counfit in May, 156.
Oile de Rose counfit in May, 156.
Oile verde counfit in Octob'r, 190.

Oile lauryne counfit in Octob'r, 190.

Oile makyng in Novemb'r, 219.
Oile like Liburnyke in Novemb'r, 219.

Oyle filthyto pure in Nbvemb'r, 219.

Oyle evel smellyng to amende, 219.

Oyle browsty smellyng to amende, 219.
Olyves to counfit in dyvers wyse, 220.
Oyle dregges, and bryne for olyves, 78.
Origon, Oynons, in S. atte sowyng.
Oxen at E. in Exon.

Poocok to rere, 23.

Poondes for water-foule, 17.

Pastynyng in dyvers wyse in Januarie, 46.

Puls sowing in Januarie, 46.

Plowing of lande in L. atte lande.

Peche tylling in ffeuerer to growe withoute stones, 76.
Peches emplastringe in May, 152.
Peches inoculacioun a fygtree in Juyn, 161.
Peches settyng in Novemb'r, 211.
Peches ablaqueaca'oun, putacton, and sanacioun, 211.
Peches to growe writen with tres, 211.
Peches of in kyndes and dyvers remedie, 211.
Peches to make greet and swete, 212.
Peches graffyng, inoculynge, plasturinge, and kepinge, with dyvers
remedie for hem, 213.

Perys settyng and graffyng in Fuerer, 86.

Perys tender, swete, sauery, and long-lastynge, 87.
XXX TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Peertrees seke to hele in dyvers wyse, 87.

Peertrees that thai blossum not to longe, 88.
Peres stony to remedy, 88.
Peres may be graffed in dyuers trees, 88.
Peres to graffe by good crafte, 88.
Peres to be sauery to ete, 88, 89.
Peres to kepe dyvers crafte, 89.
Peres to be ouer taken in Juyn.

Perre, or AVyne of peres in Feuerer, 90.

Peres made aysel of in Feuerer, 90.
Peres ymaade liquamen castimonial, 90.

Pomgarnette settyng in Marche, 115.

Pomgarnettes to be swete, 115.
Pomgarnettes from chappinge, from wormes, and from corrup tinge to
kepe, 116.
Pomgarnettes to be fecounde and white grayned, 116.
Pomgarnettes to be meruaylously grete, 117.
Pomgarnettes to multiplie, 117.
Pomgarnettes graffyng in Marche, 117.
Pomgarnettes kepinge, 118.
Pomgarnettes made wyne of, 118.
Pistace to plaunte and graffe in Fuerer, 98.
Pistace tillinge in Octob'r, 193.

Pynappultree in Feuerer tilled, 98.

Pynappultree sowynge and plauntynge in Novemb'r, 213.

Pynappultree kyttyng and kepinge thaire fruyt, with more of plantyng,
214.
Palme deluynge aboute in Juyn.
Palmes to tille in Kovemb'r.
Pouduryng of Yynes in Marche, 106.
Pastynynge landes in May, 151.
Puls and potage-ware hervest in Juyn, 160.
Plumtree to sowe, plaunte, remedye, and to graffe in ISTovemb'r, 214,
215.
Pasture for sheepe, 167.

Pastynynge the gardyn in Septemb'r, 184.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS. XXXI

Parsneps, pelettour, g _
sowyng _

Panyke, peses,
Pauyng selers (?) in May, 155.
Paving selers in Juyn, 158,
Pavyng in Septemb'r, 185.

Passe-counfit in Novemb'r, 220.

Quynces to graffe in ffeuerer, 93.

Quynces graffyng and keping of hem, 94.

Eosaries to make and repare in ffeuerer, 80.

Eoses sone ripe to have, 80.
Eosate counfit in May, 156.
Eoses to kepe fressh, 157.
Eosate counfit withouten roses in Novemb'r.
Eosaries of few braunches to make in Kovemb'r.

Eodomelle counfit in May, 156.

Eapes to chaunge iiito Neepes, and econtu, 165. N.B. A. small n
above the t.
Eadisshe to make swete, and howe moche is to be sowe in oon aker
lande, 165.

Eapes counfit in Decemb'r.

Eeysons, Greek, to make in Novemb'r, 206.

Eaues wilde, Eue, in S. atte sowyng.
Eeping in Juyn, 159.
Eeping of all the Heruest with oon oxe good crafte, 159.

Eeping in Juyll, 164.

Soil or grounde, in L. atte lande'is to be fonde.

Seed is to consider, 11 .

Sowe in the countre maner, 9.

Sowe in Januarie fitches, and feyngreek, 45.
Cresses, 52.
Sowe in Feuerer puls in dry lande, 61.

Hempe and tares, 62.

Letuce, cresses, tasels, coriander, popy, saury, senvey, oynet, oynons,

dile, and coolseede, 81, 82, -83.
XXX11 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Malues, myntes, fenel, pastnepe, cunula,

1
cerfoile, beetes, and leeksede,
84.

So we and sette chibols, and colcase, commjn, and anys, 85.

Sowe in March' mylde, 106.

Chiches and cicera, 106.

Senuey and dile, 110.

Eock armorace, wilde raue, leekes, betes, letuce, cappare, saury,
and raue, 110.
colcase, cresses, gooldes,

Cucumber, 110. Sperage, 112. Rue and what lande is best for hem,
113. Gourdes, 114. Panyk, 106. Elite and pelettour, 114.

Sowe in Aprill Medike, 140 brasik, 142 and Ache, 142.

; ;

Thre kyndes of Ache, 142 ; Arage, 143 ; Easilicon, and se wonder

tillinge therof: howe his floures chaungeth colours, and ho we it

chaungeth into oth'r herbes ;

also sowe cucumber, melons, pelletur,

cappare, leeke, colcase, coriander, betes, letuce, oynons, myntes,

gourdes, and gooldes, 143.
Sowe in May mylde and panyk, 149.
Ache, melons, coriander, gourdes, tasul, radisshe and sette rue and

leeke, 151.
Sowe in Juyn brasike, ache, betes, radysshe, and letuce, 160.
Experience of seede, 10.
Sowe in Juyl oyiions, radysshe, arage, nepes, and rapes, 164, 165.
Sowe Aust rape, nepe, and radysshe, 172.
in
Sowe in Septemb'r whete and ador, 180; barly cantyne (sic) lupyne, ;

peeses, and sisane (sic), ffitches, ffeyngreek, and forage (sic), 181 ;
ffasele, 183 ; popy, brasyk, and origon, 184.
Cappare, gith, cresses, dile, radysshe, pasnepe, cerfoile, letuce, betes,
coriander, rapes,and nepes, 185.
Sowe in Octob'r whete and ador, sisane, ffasele, lynseed, 187.
Gooldes, senvey, 191; dyle, myntes, oynons, pasnepe, origon, 192.
Wilde nepe, tyme, leekseede, betes, basilicon, 192.
Sowe in Kovemb'r whete, ffar, benes, barly, lentis, lyne, garlik,

ulpike, oynons, tasul, cunel, and armarace, 207, 208, 209.

Almandes and iuglandes, 53, 98.
Sowe in Decemb'r wheete, barly, benes, and lynseede.
1
chyves.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. XXX111

Sette saffron in Feuerer, 80 ; cannetes, 80, 81.

Sette and graffe peres, 86, 87.
Sette inMarche garlyk, cunel, oynons, and ulpyke, 110.
Origon and melons, 110; pomgarnette, 115.
Sette in Aprill ziziphus, 144.
Sette in May zizif and figtree, 161.
Sette in September, and graff tubres, 185.
Sette in Novemb'r wilde piri, citrus, quynce, pomgarnette, 218
Seme, meddeler, silique, molbury, chiritree, and figtree, 218.
Sette greet treen. Semes sette in Januarie, 52.

Serays bareyn to make bere and to kepe hem, 53.

Scions of vynes to sette in ffeuerer, 65.
Scions thaire lengthe and space betwene hem, 65.

Semynary what it is, 67.

Sperage spounge, and to haue goode sperage, 112.

Sponge of sperage to make in Marche, 112.

Siliqua to plaunte and sowe in ffeuerer, 96.

Semynary deluynge in May, 151 ;
sisame in sowyng, 181.

Sape counfit in Novemb'r, 220.

Sowes to chese long syded, 99.

Soues ho we long goeth with pigge, 99.

Swyne, what soil is best fore, 99.

Stalons in H. atte hors, stalons asses.

Shepe-shering in May, with good enoyntynge, 153.

Shepe-shering in Juyn, 162.
Sheep feble to putte awaie in Juyll, 167.
Sheep tuppes to chese and ewes for hem, and for to make hem bere
males or females in Juyll, 167.
Shepe rering or lambes rering.
Sheep in pasture in Jtfovemb'r.

Tares to sowe in Januarie, 46 ;

in ffeuerer, 62.
Tasul tillinge in Marche, 108, 109.
Tasul plauntyng in Octob'r, 191.
Tubres sowe and graffe in ffeuerer, 58.
Tubres settyng in Septemb'r, graffyng and
kepinge, 185.
XXXIV TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Water to preue, 2, 3.

Water to fynde for to make wynches or welles, 173.

"Water is dyvers in dyuers places, 174.

Water to knowe by dyvers signes, 175.

Wynches, makyng with goode crafte, 176.

Water pru'yng in dyvers wyse, 176.

Water conduyte of dyvers crafte, and the mesure of hem, 177.

Yynes where forto sette, and discreczbn in kittinge, 6.

Dyvers vynes, dyvers wynes, 7.

Yyne braunches kitte to enoynte, 8.

"Vynes, ho we high thai shall be, 8.
Vynes pastyning and tables for vynes in Januarie, 47, 48.

Vynes soil and aier, 48, 49..

When, where, and what vynes beth best for to sette, 63, 64, 65.

Vyne A.mynee gretly commended; Vyne Apiane, 64.

Vynes scions to sette in ffeuerer, 65.

Vynes scions howe many may stande in an akre lande, 65.

Vynes to make a grove of in ffeuerer, 67.

Subtil crafte for vynes in ffeuerer, 68.

Vynes prouincial, 69.

Kyttinge of commune vyne in coolde contree, 69.

Kitte bosshe vynes in ffeuerer with moche crafte, 71.
Provincial vynes kittynge in ffeuerer, 72.

Vynes plechinge, prouynynge, or propagac^'on, 73.

Vynes, deluyng, stakyng and bynding, 74.

Vyne lacrimose to helpe in ffeuerer, 102.

Vyne to bere grapes ungreyned, 101.

Vyne to bere grapes white and blake. K.B. The two last chapters

of February are omitted in the MS.

Vynes graffyngin Marche, 104.

Vynes be
topondered in Marche, 106.
Vynes stakyng and bynding in Marche, 104, 105.
Vynes olde to repare in Marche, 107.
Vynes hurt or seeke to be leched in Marche, 107.

Vynes tender to tille in May, 149.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS. XXXV

Vynes pampinacion in May, 150.

Vynes ablaqueate to couer in May, 151.
Vynes couering in Juyn, 160.
Vynes couering and vindage apparail in Juyl, 171.

Vyne yerdes lene to helpe in August, 171.

Vynes pampynyng in August, 171.

Vyndage solempe in Septemb'r, 183.
Vynes whoos grapes roteth to remedy in (August) Septemb'r, 186.

Vynes that beth fertile marke hem in (Septemb'r) October, for scions
to sette in settyng season, 188.

Vynes to traile in (Septemb'r) October in hoote lande, 188.

Vynes ablaqueacaon in (Septemb'r) October, 188.

Vynes graffyng in Septemb'r, 189.
Vynes ouerlonge to repare in Novemb'r, 208.
Vynes putaceon in Novemb'r, 209.
Vynes pampinose and not fructuose to remedy in Novemb'r, 219.

Vryne aboute vyne rootes, 219.

Wyne mirtite in Januarie, 59.

Wyne mirtite counfit in Eeuerer, 102.

"Wyne Tiriake right helefull, to make in ffeuerer, 100.

Wyne mirtite in other wyse made in ffeuerer, 100.

Wyne absinthiate, rosate, and violate in ffeuerer, 103.

"Wyne of pom game tte in Marche counfit, 118.

Wyne rosate counfit in May, 156.

"Wyne of grapes birained to remedie in Octob'r, 198.
Wynes dyuersitee, and inakyng of hem in Octob'r, 197.
Wynes of dyvers colours beth of dyvers qualitee & sauours, 197.
Wyne makyng must by decocczon in the first maner, and in the
of
second maner by see- water tried and fyned in Octob'r, 197.

Wyne to make long enduringe, 198.

Wyne or muste that is birayned to helpe, 198.
Wynes soure to make
swete, 198.
Wynes weel smelling to make, 198.
Wynes swete drynking to make, 199.
Wynes newe to make seme olde, 199.
XXXVI TABLE OF CONTENTS.

"Wynes remedy for enfection, 199.

Wynes of oon yere to seme passyng olde, 199.
n
"Wynes browne to make white, and eg (sic) 200.
Wynes smale to make greet, 200.
aust(r)ere to make clere and gentil to drynke,
Wyne 201.

Wyne trouble or feculent to clere anoon, 201.

Wyne in fyn confection, 202.

Wyne pestilente, 203.

"Wyne ynomelle, 203.

"Wyne of peres, 90.
Yiolette settyng in Feuerer, 80.
"Wortes hoore, as frost, and tender, with tyme of settyng wortes in

Feuerer, 83.

Ypomelides settyng in Decemb'r, and keping of his fruyte.

Zizifus settyng and tillinge in Aprill, 144.

Zizifus to gladde yf it be sorrowfull, & kepyng of thaire fruytes in

Aprill, 144.

Ziziphus to sette or graffe in May, 152 ;

in Juyn, 161.
 TRANSLATION
OF

PALLADIUS ON HUSBONDRIE.

BOOK THE FIRST.

[Most of the final letters w, t, h, and some e's, have a curl or flourish over them ;

are judged not to be marks of contraction, and are disregarded.]

De preceptis rei rustice.

I.

Consideraunce is taken atte prudence No rhetoric is ne-

cessary for hus-
What mon me moost enforme and husbondrie : bandry, though
some have
No rethorick doo teche or eloquence ;
thought differ-
ently, to magnify
4 As sum have doon hemself to magnifie. themselves.

What com therof ? That wyse men folie

Her wordes helde. Yit other thus to blame
We styntte, in cas men doo by us the same.

2.

8 Us is to write tillinge of everie londe, We shall treat of

tillage, pasturage,
With Goddes grace, eke pasture and housyng ;
buildings, finding
water, etc.
For husbondry how water shal be fonde ;

What is to rere or doon in everything,

1

12 Plesaunce and fruyte the tilier to bring

As season wol his appultreen 2 what houre
;

Is best to set is part of our laboure. *

nutrire. pomos.
 IN WHAT HUSBONDRIE CONSISTS.

or
De iiii rebus quibus agricultura consistit.

3.

The four points In thinges HIT alle husbondrie mot stande :

of husbandry :
water, air, land, 16 In water, aier, in lande, and gouvernance.
and management.
And in the first, as water, aier, and lande
Beth natural, the mith is of plesaunce
And crafte of men but this considerannce
;

20 Is first to seen, how thyng is of nature

In places there thou wilt have the culture.

4.

The airmust be And first beholde aboute and se thin aire,

clear and whole-
some ;
the water Yf it be clere and hole stand out of fere ;
too.
24 The "Water eke beholde- yf it be faire,
Hoolsum, and light, and eyther springing there
Or elles thider brought from elles where,
The land fertile
and well situate.
Or that it come of rayne eke se thi lande ;

28 Be bering, 1 and commodiously stande.

De aieris probacione.

5.

Good air isknown Good ayer is there as dales deep are noon,
by countrymen's
cheeks, clear And mystes derk no@ dayes maketh nyght ;
wits,and unim-
peded sight. The contreemen coloured well ichone,
32 Thaire wittes clere and unoffended sight,
Her voices faire, her herynge pure and light.
All this is preef of holsum aire and clene,
And there as is contraier is aire unclene.

De acqud probanda.
6.

The water must 36 The water out of gayseyn or of myer 2

not be brought
from puddles or Be it not brought, nor out of metal synke,
marshes.
That*it be freshe coloured first desire,

Vel fertile. Tel palude.

 CONSUMPTION (LUNG-WOE) COMES OF BAD AIR.

Not poury, but plesaunt and good

1
to drinke,
40 And smell also therto in cas it stynke ;

If it be coole in heete and hike 2 in colde,

The better may thowe with that water holde.

7.

Yit although thees in water faire appere,

44 An hidde defaicte is sumtyme in nature
Under covert, and therof thus thowe lere : Learn if the
countrymen are
Yf contreymen in likyng hele endure, well-liidng, their
heads good,
Her hedes good, her chekes also pure, cheeks clean,
lungs long-wind-
48 And lite or no compleynt inwith the brest,
ed.

The longes hole and wynded with the best.

8.

The longe-woo cometh offee of yvel e;re, The lung-woe

comes of bad air ;

The stomake eke of eire is overtake, the stomach also

is overtaken by
52 Tak heede eke yf the dwellers in that leire it. See if the
dwellers in that
Her wombes, sydes, reynes swell or ake, place have aches
in their stomachs,
Yf langoure in thaire bledders onigh' awake. reins, or
vn.
And if thoue see the people sounde and faire,
56 No doubt is in thy water nor thin aire.
De ekctione terre.

Ffecunditee thowe see thus in thi lande : Let not the sward
he bare r white,
See not the swerd 3 all
naked, white, unclene, nor chalk, nor
gravel unnftxed
All chalk 4 or gravel groissyng in thi hande with mould, and
let there no salt
60 "Withouten moolde 5 admixt, nor sandy 6 lene, ragstone, or hard
deep vales.
Nor hongrie clay, 7 nor stones ful iche rene,
To ronke and weete, yolgh, bitter, salt ragstone, 8
Valeyes herde and depe eke be ther noon.
10.
64 A roten swerd and welny blaake, it selve A rotten sward,
almost black,
9 self-covered with
Suffysing wel with graas to ouerwrie,
grass, and tough-
And tough to glue ayein though thowe it delve, ly adhering again

1 2 4 6
moddy. tepida. creta. terreno.
6 7 9
Vel sabulo. glarea. tophus. gramine.
 VARIETIES OF SOIL.

when dug, its The fruit of it not scabby, rosted drie,

fruitnot scabby
nor dry, bearing 68 With walwort that goode lande wol signifie.
walwort, rushes,
reeds, grass, With ryshes, reede, graas, trefoil, plummes wilde.
clover, wild
plums and briars, And briers fatte also goo it with childe.
is good.

11.

Thy land need Coloured stonde not on to besily

not be colour-
ed, but fat and 72 To see thi lande but rather fatte and swete
; ;
sweet. Take a
clod,and wet it To preve it fatte, a clodde avisely
with good water,
and see if it be To take, and with gode water weel it wete,
tough and gluey ;

or a hole,
dig
and if the earth
And be glewy, tough to trete
loke if it ;

will not all go in

it is fruit-
76 Or make a dyche, and yf the moolde abounde
again,
ful.
And wol not in agayn, it is fecounde.

12.

Yf it be lene, it goeth all in and more,

Yf it be meene, 1 it wol be with the brinke.
To choose sweet 80 But for to take it swete, ataste alore
land, take an
earthernpot, give The bitterest erthe and werst that thou canst thinke ;
it drink in sweet

water, and so An earthen potte thou take and yeve it drinke

judge.
For vines you In water swete, and theruppon thou deme.
must take care
2
the land be loose 84 Ffor vynes land to chees eke must thou yeme,

13.
3
in body and co- In cpors and in colour solute and rare,
lour, the trees
thereon light, The treen* thereon light, fertile, fair, and lange,
fair, and long.
As peres wilde, as plummes boshes are,
88 Not croked, lene, or seke, but hole and strange j

Let there be no Ne pulle 5 it not, but goodly plaine elonge, 6

pools, but let it
lengthen out in-
to a goodly plain.
Ne pitche it not to sore into the vale,
Nor breke it not all doun aboute a dale.

14.

If it be hilly, 92 Tempest, yf it be hilly, must assaille ;

storms will assail
it. Choose a plain
in the mean.
An even feelde thou chese, and in the mene,
Thater by the cleef awaie travaille ;

1 2 3 4 arbores.
mediocris. attendere. corpore.
5 6
stagnet (verbum est). elonget (verbum est).
THE SKILL AND JUDGMENT NECESSARY IN AGRICULTURE.

Or hille or dale in mesure thou demene.

96 But be faire and land unlene, 1
se thin eyre A high hill must
keep off offensive
An higher hille the wynd that wolde offende winds, unless
woods protect
Must holde of, but yf woddes the defende. you from it.

15.

The landes fatte or lene, or thicke or rare, Soils not without

defects are good
100 Or drie, or moiste, and not withouten vice, for divers seeds.
I advise to choose
Pfor divers seede yit thay right needful are the fat and moist ;
;
they require least
labour and bear
But chese the fatte and moyste is myne avyse. the best fruit.
The next best is
Her werk is leest, and fruyt is moost of price. the thick and
rank but Jet the
104 And after it the thicke and ronke is best :
;

thick and dry

land alone.
But thicke and drie espy, and grannt it rest.

16.

Ayer, water, lande considered in nature, Now for good

management.
ITowe se the crafte the crafte is gouvernance
;
The master's pre-
;
sence benefits his
108 No we every worde and sentence hath greet cure ;
fields. Regard
not the hue of
The lord present his feelde may best avaunce. land.

The lande is goode, the colour nought perchaunce ;

Therefore in hewe doo thou noo diligence,

112 ifor god by his plesaunce alle will dispence.

17.

The and grayne is goode, but after preef

graffe Sow and graft
after trial. Avoid
Thou sowe or graffe, and seedes newe eschewe new seeds. Seeds
will change their
To sowe or sette, and trust in thair bonchief. nature.

116 Oute of thaire kynde eke seedes wol renewe

And change hemself, as writeth clercs trewe,
In places weete all rather then in drie.
fforvynes no we, apointe of husbondrie.
18.
1 20 JSTorthwarde in places hote, in places colde Plant vines to-
wards the north
Southward, and temporannt in Est and West ;
in hot places.

Yet of tylling is dyvers re son holde ;

But chuse of thi province I holde it best.

Follow the ways
of the place.
124 To fructifie also this is honest,

1
pinguis.
 TREATMENT OF VINES.

Let the younger That yonger men obeye unto thaire eldron
obey their elders.
In gouvernynge, as goode and buxom children.

19.

Vines cut early To kytte a vyne is thinges iij to attende :

will produce
many branches ; 128 The vyne, and fruyfc, and place in whom thai growe.
if late, many
grapes. Of erly kytting braunches fele ascende,
Of late kyttyng cometh grapes right enowe.
Change them Prom feble lande eke chaunge hem yf thou mo we :
from poor land
to good, if you 132 For man and tree from feble lande to goode
can.
Who can and wol not.chaunge I holde him woode.

20.
After a good vin- And kytte
l
hem streyt after thi goode vindage,
2

tage cut them

close. Do not And hem
spare the knife.
grapes fewe and badde, thou kytte large.
136 Thyn yrons kepe in harde and sharpe usage
For graffyng and for kytting I the charge,
And doo thi dede, or flour or germ enlarge,
If the plough
use the
And yf the plough mys doo, the spade amende,
fail,
spade. 140 In landes drie and hoote noo vyne extende.

21.
It is of no use to In places hoote, in places over drie
eet a vine in hot,
dry places. But if It is noo boote his vyne a man to sette,
wind overthrow
or burn your vine,
you may cover it
There as for heete he must hem over wrie ;
3

with straw.
1 44 Yet if that he Vulturnus oversette
A vyne in heete or other blastes lette,
Or brenne a vyne, in stre or other thynge
To covert here is holsom husbondynge.

22.

Cut off the barren 14-8 The bareyne braunche, if ronke and greene it be,
branch. Avoid
barren and dung-
ed land for young
Eight by lette kytte him of as mortal foo
vines. Of alle thi tree but barenne lande thou flee
;

As pestilence ; in donged londe also

1 52 To sowe in as do not so
vynes younge j

2 3
puta. vindimiam. operire.
 QUANTITY OR QUALITY.

Yit Grekes seyen that after yeres thre Plant anything

but colewort
Save "Wortes, so we in hem what ever it be. among vines.

23.
Plant all herbs,
Iche herbe also thai sayen it is to sowe, except beans, in.
a dry soil. Let
156 In landes drie, outtake of hem the bene ;
not your land to
the owner of the
The bene in landes weete is best to thro we ;
adjoining pro-
And sette not oute thi landes fate or lene perty.

To him whoos lande adjoyneth on thi rene ;

160 For harme and stryffe of that upon thi self

May ryse, ye and perchaunce the overwhelve.

24.

lorne the whole

Tylle all thi felde, or all thy felde is ;
Till
field. Wheat,
Thi whete, a wonder, chaunging, thries sowe, sown thrice in
rich land, will
164 In lande to fatte, wol tourne into other come, turn to other
corn.
And rie ofwhete ysowen wol np growe,
As thay that are expert in tilling knowe.
Iliche fre fro thinges thre thowe twynne,
168 Sterilitee, infirmitee, and synne.

25.

In bareine lande to sette or foster vynes It is lost labour

to set vines in
Dispiseth alle the labour and expence. barren land. In
1
fields you get
In feldes more, in hilles nobler, wyne is ;
more wine, but
in hills better.
172 Abundaunt wyne the north wynde wol dispence The north also
dispenses abun-
To vynes sette agayne his influence ;
dance, the south
better quality.
The sotheren wynde enspireth better wyne.
Nowe moche or noble chees the choys is thyne.
;

26.

176 JSecessitee nath never haliday : Necessity has no

holiday, and
Take hede on that, and feldes temperate though it is good
to sow fields when
All though it be goode sowyng, yit alway, in good condition,
yet if it continue

Or long yf it be drie in oon astate, dry overlong, de-

lay not to sow.
180 Let sowe it forth, and god it fortunate ;
Keep the paths
clcun.
 CAREFUL CULTURE WILL ALONE REPAY THE TROUBLE.

And yf thi wey be foule, it is dampnable,

And neither plesaunt, neither profitable.

27.
A field must be To tille a felde man must have
well tilled to re- diligence,
quite the expense.
Take in hand no
184 And balk it not; but eree it upbe bydene.
more than you A litel tilled weel wol quyte expence,
can sustain. Take
away black vines. So take on hande as thou may wele sustene.
Do not cut the
green and tender.
Long stakes de-
The vynes blake awaie thowe take, eke greene
sirable.
188 And tender vynes kytte are therby shent,
And stakes longe are vynes increment.

28.

Turn away the Twine every aweywarde from the grape

kirf ;
cutting, so that
itdoes not drop Lest dropping doo it harme, ennointeth eke
on the grape, and
anoint the 192 The braunches kitte, and up thay faste escape
branches cut.
Great olives, with Alle fatte and sadde deep land also thai seke,
:

poor watery fruit

not worth the
cost of the labor, Olyves greet oute of that land wol reke
grow out of deep "With drafty, wattry fruyte and late and lite
land.

196 Unsuffisaunt the costes for to quyte.

29.

Olives love luke- Luke ayer and tempre wynde olyves love,
warm air and
temperate winds
and vines by pro-
; And vynes, that upon the hilles stande,
cess may be
brought to a By processe may be brought to thair above,
height, but not
more than four
200 Yit not but fotes mi in feble land ;

feet in poor land

and seven feet in And seven foote in fatte up may they stande.
rich land.
Eke as the grape is grene and wol not shake,

Up bind it softe, and it is undertake.

30.
Do not tie your 204 Thy vyne oon stede ever thou ne bynde,
is
vine always in
the same place.
If not dug close
And delve her cloos for hurtyng thi vindage,
it will hurt the
vintage. Two feet Eke deep and fertile land it is to fynde,
deep enough for
corn, double for
And two foote depe is good for corne tillage,
trees. A new vine
is improved by 208 And double deep for treen in depnesse gage.
diligence as much
as it goes back A novel vine up goeth by diligence
by negligence.
As fast as it goeth down by negligence.
 THE BEST TIME FOR PLANTING.

31.

And take on hande in husbonding thi lande Beware of arro-

gance, and do not
212 As thowe may bere in maner and mesure ;
take in hand
more than you
"War arrogaunce in takyng thing in hande can manage. Use
;
no grain more
For after pride in scorne thou maist assure. than a year old.

And elder then oon yere noo grayne in ure

216 Thowe putte, in drede it die yit hilles yelde ;
is

Wei gretter grayne and fewer than in feldys.

32.

In springing of the moone is best to sowe At new moon on

warm days is best
In daies warm and, treen unprofitable
;
to sow. Plow up
the rich fat land,
220 Yf that thi land with hem be overgrowe, but leave the poor
land covered with
trees. Yet this
Devide it thus ;
that fatte and bering able l well worked find
2 burnt will coun-
Let eree it up, and leve the lene unable tervail your good
land.
Covert in wode ; yit wol this, with travaille

224 And brennyng it, thi fatte lande counter vaille.

* f

33.

But when it is so brent by yeres fyve, After burning let

the land lie idle
As nygh it not, 3 and after shalt thou se five years. Greek
notions with re-
4 spect to the olive.
That is as fatter lande wol crece and thrive.
228 Tholyve, as Grekes say en, shall planted be

Of children clennes in virginitee,

Perchance in remembraunce that tholyve tree

Ys p'mynent to virgyne chastitee.

34.

232 The greynes names is noo nede to telle, There is no need

to give the names
Nor after tyme and places how thai chaunge ;
of grains, nor
their varieties.
Suffice it the there as thow casteth dwelle, Wherever you
choose to dwell
To see the countrey seed, and seed estraunge, see the seed of
the country, and
236 Preve eke the unpreved grene afore eschaunge make no change
;
without trial.
Lupines and
Lupyne and fetches sleyn, and on thaire roote vetches cut down
and dried are
Up dried, are as dounging landes boote. good manure.

1 2 dimitte jacere.
sc terra. sc terra. crescere.
10 DIFFERENT SOIL FOR WHEAT AND BARLEY.

35.

Uncut they drink And lette hem drie unsleyne, and up thai drinke
the moisture of
the land. In hot 240 The landes juce 1 in place eke hoote and drie,
:

and dry places

work early on In champeyne eke, and nygh the sees brynke
your vines in ;

cold, moist, and

Betyme upon thi werk in vynes hie ;
shady places, do
not hasten. In places colde and moist, or shade and hie
244 Have thou noo haste, and this to kepe in houres
Aswell as moneth or dayes, thyne honoure is.

36.

When it is time And tilling, when the tyme is it to doo,

to till, it is not
2
too early or too Is not to rathe yf daies thries fyve
late fifteen days
before or after. 248 It do prevent, and not to late also
Open land inclin-
ing to the sun is As for as long 3 eke comes best wol thry ve
;
best fior corn, and
for wheat if it be In open lande solute acclyned blyve
be marly, thick,
and somewhat the sonne, and lande is best for whete
wet.
Uppon
252 If it be marly, 4 thicke, and sumdele wete.

37.

Barley likes And barly lande is goode solute and drie,

loose, dry earth.
Three month That manner molde hath barly in delite,
sowing is to be
confined to cold In cley lande yf men so we it, it wol die.
places where the
the land is wet in 256 Trymenstre 5 sedness 6 eke is to respite
summer.
To places colde of winter snowes white,
There as the lande is weete in somer season ;

Aud other wey to wirche is counter reason.

38.

Three-month 260 Trymestre seede in hervest for to sowe

seed to be sown
in autumn in cold In lande colde is best, and yf the need 7
lands. If you
want trees or In landes salt that treen or greynes growe,
grain to grow in
salt land, you Thou must anoon on hervest plante or sede,
must plant or
sow immediately 264 The malice of that lande and cause of drede
upon autumn,
that winter may
drive off the vice
That wynter with his shoures may of dryve,
of that land.
Yit must it have an other thing to thryve.

1
succum. 2
xv. 3
xv dies. 4 6 trimenstris.
cretosa,
6 7
satio. sc serere.
 CARE IN THE CHOICE OF A FIELD. 11

39.

Sum gravel or sum water lande caste under Put some gravel
or river-soil un-
der it, or common
268 If thou it plannte, and yf thou wolt it sede mould. Stones
A comune molde among it part asonder,
will be hot in
summer, and cold
in winter, and
And alle the better wol thi werkes spede.
will injure vines
or grain.
The stones on thi lande is for to drede ;

272 For thai be somer hoote and winter colde,

That vyne, and greyne, and tree distempre wolde,

40.

The land aboute a roote is to be moved The ground about

trees is to be
All upsodoune, and fleykes 1
shal we take thoroughly
changed,andnew
276 Of dounge and moolde, and first be moolde admoved ^
And after dounge. Ap'mynent to make A favourite ought
not to be made
2
Upon thi felde, hym nil 1 undertake foreman.

That is thi dere entere : and whi ? For, he

280 Wol wene his werke be wele, hou soever it be.

41.

To chese or bey a felde consider this, Things to be con-

sidered in choos-
That his nature and his fecunditie ing or buying a
field- It is safer
Be not In housbonding is mysse,
fordoon. to take ground
that does not re-
284 Unhusbondyng undooth fertilitee. quire improve-
ment.
Yet pose 3 1 that it myght amended be.
The surer is to trust in thinges sure ;

The hoole is save, the hurt is for to cure.

42.

288 Yit as for seede, it may wel been amended ; It is very difficult
to undo the mis-
But vynes may have vices worthy blame, chief arising from
bad seed, though
To longe, or broode, uptrailed, or extended, credit may be
gained by the size
As dyvers men have doone to fresh her fame, of the vines thus
reared.
292 And fewe or feble grapes in the same
Have growe. A grete laboure is to correcte
A molde in this maner that is enfecte.

-*
crates. nolo. pono.
12 OF THE DWELLING-HOUSE.

43.

Let the land face

Thy landes is thus to cheese in costes colde ;
the south and east
where it is cold, 296 On south and este se that it faire enclyne,
and let not the
sun be kept
hills.
:ept off
In hot
And that noonc hille the sonne out from it holde,
by
regions choose But from the colde Septemptrion declyne,
the north.
And from northwest there chylling sonnes shyne.
300 In coostes hoote Septemtrion thou take,
Ther fruyte and high plesaunce and helthes wake.

44.
Seethatthewater
be good where
And se the floode be goode ther thou will duelle ;

you dwell. It is
For ofte of it exaleth myst impure :
not safe to live
near a marsh, es- 304 And ther from, in caas the quelle.
pecially if (the
fle it myght
south) and west also to dwelle it is not sure,
winds dry and By myre
harden it.
And namely and West that drie 1 and dure
In season hoote, for causes pestilent

308 Engendring there, and wormes violent.

45.

Let your house Thyne house as wol thi fortune and thi felde
be in proportion
to your income, Lete make it up in crafte and in mesure,
and let it stand
rather high, so' as It to repaire as thi lande foryelde,
to be cheerful,
may
firm, and dry. 312 Demened so that
yf mysseaventure
Fordo thin house, a year or two recure 2
It at the mest, and sette it sumdele hie,
For gladsum and for sadder ground and drie.

46.

Let the founda- 316 The fundament enlarge it half a foote

tion extend half
a foot beyond the Outwith 3 the wough, but first the grounde assay
wall ; but see
whether it be on If it be ragge or roche on it thou foote 4
;
rag-stone or rock
or on clay. In depth a foote or two ;
but uppon clay
320 If thou wilt bilde an other is the array ;

Let delve and cast it up until thou fynde

It herde and hoole, and tough itself to bynde.

1 2
arent et indurant verbum. recuret verbum est.
3 *
extra parietem. fundare.
OF ROOMS FOR SUMMER AND WINTER, AND FLOORING. 13

47.

"With orchard, and with gardeyne, or with mede, Let an orchard,

garden, or mea-
324 Se that thyne hous with hem
he umviroune, dow environ your
house. Let the
The side in longe upon the south thou sprede, front in its -whole
length look to the
The south, its corner
cornel ryse upon the wynter sonne, to the east.
And gire it from the cold "West yf thou conne,
328 Thus shall thyne hous he wynter warm and light,
And somer colde, and lo this crafte is light.

48.

Eke fourme it so that faire it stande yfere ;

The form of the
house, and the
The wynter wones on the sonny side
*
arrangement of
therooms(wonesj
332 There Phebus with his bemes may it chere, for summer and
winter, The floor
And tymber stronge enlace it for to abyde,
must not be made
of various woods.
Eke pave or floore it wele in somer tyde,
But tymber not thyne hous with dyvers kynde
336 Of treen, as ashe and birche, and ooke, and lynde.

49.
3
The mapul, 2 ooke, and assche endureth longe Fern or chaff will
prevent the mor-
In floryng yf thou ferne it weele, 4 er chave, 5 ter from injuring
the floor. How
That in the tree the morter doo noo wronge. 6 to make a pave-
ment.
340 Oon lyme and tweyne of robell have,
parte of
Sex fyngre thicke a floore therof thou pave
"With lyme and asshes mixt with cole and sande,
A flake above in thiknesse of thyne hande.

50.

344 This flooring wol be blak and wynter warme, A summer-house

should look to the
And lycoure shedde, anoon it wol up drie, north-east and
west, and be
But, lest the sonne in somer doo the harme, floored with mar-
ble or tile. Mix
7
Thy somer hous northest and west thou wrie, lime or gravel for
a winter flooring.
348 "With marble or with tyle thi flooryng wrie, 8
Or thus thou maist thi wynter flooryng take,
Or lyme or gravel mynge and therof make.

1 3 4 filice sternas.
domus. acer. fraxinus.
5 7 8
paleis sternas. se putrefaciendo. inclines. operias.
14 ON LIME AND SAND.

51.

There are three The bylder eke knowe is necessarie

to
kinds of dug gra-
vel red, white,
: 352 What gravel and what lyme is profitable.
and black. The
1
finest is gritty. Savelles dolve in in natures varie,
2
In reed, and hoore, and blake unvariable.
Of hem the reed is best, the hoor is able,

356 The blake is

werst, yit gripe in thyne honde, hem
For grossyng? gravel fynest wol be fonde.

52.

Good gravel will Eke preve it thus, in clothes white it kest,

not soil a cloth if
cast into it. And shaken oute yf that the clooth be clene,
Where there is
no gravel to be
collect it
360 Withouten spotte, that gravel is the best,
dug,
from
from
rivers
near the
or And yf thou may noon delve, in flood, or lene
sea. Sea-gravel
retains the moist- Clay lande, or nygh the see, gravel thou glene.
ure long. The see gravel is lattest for to drie,

364 And lattest may thou therwith edifie.

53.

Use land-gravel The salt in it thi werkes wol resolve ;

quickly, ere sun, 4 5

or wind, or And lande gravel anoon set in worching,
showers dissolve
it. Drench sea- Er soone or wynde or shoures 6 it dissolve.
gravel in sweet
water to bring 868 And floode gravel is goode for coveryng.
the salt out of it.
Oute of the see gravel the salt to bringe

Let drenche a tyme in water swete.

it for

Thy lyme of stones harde is thus to gete

54.

Burn stone or 372 Stone tiburtyne, or floody columbyne,

marble to make
lime. Mix two Or spongy rede, lete brenne, or marble stone,
parts of lime and
one of gravel, For bylding better is the harder myne, 7
and a third part
of marl in river The fistulose and softer lete it goone
gravel will make
it very firm. 376 To cover with, and tweyne 8 of lyme in oon 9
Of gravel mynge, 10 and marl 11 in floode gravel
A thriddendele wol sadde it wonder wel.

1
This notable. 3 stri 4 5
colours is stridens. quse fossilis est. pone,
imbres. 7
minera. 8 10
misce. n crete.
partes. pars.
 ON THE WALLS AD ASPECT. 15

55.

Thi walles bricke with brik thou must corone Brick walls
should be sur-
380 A foote aboute, and sumdel promynent, mounted with a
brick coping. Let
That thay by storme or rayne be not fordone, them be dry be-
fore you place
And lete hem drie er thou thi bemes bent, beams or roofing
upon them.
Or rovyng sette uppon, lest all be shent
384 For lacke of crafte, eke this is husbondrie
To covert hem with sumwhat whille thay drie.

56.

Make light ynough aboute on everie syde, Let the house be

light, and stand
And loke, as the is taught, that este and west duly to the four
quarters, the
388 And north and southe thyne houses thou devyde, rooms half as
high as long.
In wynter south, in veer and hervest est ;

Septemtrion in summer houseth best ;

And half as high thy chambre and triclyne

392 Thou make as it is mesure long in lyne.

57.

Of suche a stuffe as easy is to fynde Build of such

wood as is at
Is best to bilde, and bordes of cipresse hand the
uprights of cy-
Plaine and directe upsette hem in thaire kynde press, a foot
apart, dressed
396 A foot at wynne, and hem togedre dresse withjuniper,box,
olive, or cypress.
"With jenyper, bo.xe, olyve, or cupresse, Let the walls be
strongly
So worching up thi wowes by and by, timbered.

But se that it be tymbred myghtely.

58.

400 Fatte reed of myre yground 3 and tempered tough, Daub the wail
1 2

_ .
.,
.,
_ with marsh-reed
. _

Let daube it on the wough on iche asyde, mixed with lime

and gravel, and
And with a trowel make it plame yo, polish it with
ground marble.
That it upon the tymbre fast abyde,

404 Lyme and gravel comyxt thereon thou glide,

"With marble greet ygrounde and myxt with lyme
Polisshe alle uppe thy werke in goodly tyme.

1
crassa cana.
16 ON WHITEWASH AND PLASTERING.

59.

To prepare lime Eke whityng werk is thyng of grete delite.

for whitewash-
ing. 408 Lime is for that in tymes long made lene ;

That be profitable preve astite l

it ;

As tymber he we it with an axe and sene

2

Yfbe not in the egge, 3 and sum snstene

it

412 In the axe 4 all gliry 5 tough and softe relente ;

For whytyng that lyme is convenient.

60.

The plaster to be The parget of thi wough be stronge and bright,

made strong and
bright with a The truel firste ful ofte it must distreyne,
trowel one coat
;

to be dry before 416 And as it drieth efte and efte it dight;

another is added .

The kirtils doo theron of marble greyne,

But first lete oon be drie, and thenne engreyne

A smaller coote above on that, and thenne

420 A thridde on alle as small as it may renne.
61.

Beware of build- And ware a thyng that many men have used,
ing on low
ground, and if To drenche her dwellyngplace in dales deep,
there be n o spring
or well, have a Lest water sholde hem lacke, and foule excused,
cistern.
424 For helth is rather thenne thi lust to kepe ;

The languor of thi lande

bywepe. is to

In stede of Welle or wynche have -a cisterne

And rayne of ever hous in it gouverne.

62.
Make it as high 428 Let crafte it as it
as you like, put up pleasaunt may suffice
tile-paving over Unto thi self, as best is broode and longe. 6
it, and rub it well
with boiled lard.
The guttures 7 left in sadde ground, assise
And yole on
8
it
9
tilpavyng playne and stronge.
432 This pavyng must thou cure and labovre longe 10
And clere it up, but frote it wol with larde
Fatte and decocte ;
thi werk wol the rewarde.

mox. 2 3 4 5 6
expectet. acie. ascia. glutinosa. longum.
7 9 10
fusoriis relic tis. fundas. testaceum pavimentum. diu.
 CEMENT FOR REPAIRING CISTERNS. 17

63.

Whenne that is drie, upwalle it every side Do the same with

the walls, till it
436 In like maner, eke larde it, herdde it weel, is hard enough to
hold water, and
Tyl water wol endwelle and abyde,it you may keep fish
in it as if it were
And fede in it thi waterfish and eel, a river.

To move and make it faire and fresh as well,

440 As though it were a ryver or a welle.
Now chenes 1 to repaire I am to telle.

64,

The chenes, holes, pottes, poles mende, To stop holes,

etc., in the cis-
And thorough the stoone yf that the water synke, tern make a ce-
ment of pitch and
444 Take pitche 2 and talgh, as nede is the to spende, tallow, and keep
mixing lime with
And seeth hem tyl thai boile up to the brynke,

And let it coole ;

eke give it lyme to drynke
A lite and lite and smal, but mynge it yorne,
3

448 Tyl every parte until oon body tourne.

65.

Whenne this
cyment made, it must in synke
is Let pipes go from
the cistern to
Uche hole, and chene, and every lekyng stoone, carry the water
to drink.
And presse it thicke aboute on every brynke ;

452 And holsum is that pipes from it goone,

To bringe aboute in water oon by oon,
To drynke of this of waters first and best,
Licoure of grace above, a thyng celest.

66.

456 Thi wyne celar in colde Septemtrion The wine cellar

to be to the north,
Wei derk and ferre from bathes, oste, and stable, away from bad
smells, and large
Myddyng, cisterne, and thynges everichoon enough for the
fruit,with a wine-
That evel smelle eke se that it be able
;
press above,

460 As for thi fruyt, an other thyng notable,

Above it well the calcatory make,
A wyne pitte the oon half either to take.

picem.
18 WINE-CELLAR, BARNS, AND GRANARY.

67.

ascendedby steps. Thre grece or mi is up therto to goo ;

Let pipes lead to
the vat, and let 464 Canels or pipes wynes forth, to lede
there be a pit for
the waste, Into the vat, and tonnes make also,
And pave it yf the lyst in length and brede.
A pitte in it, for wynes white and rede

468 That over renne of ignoraunt kepynge,

To make is oon goode poynte of husbondyng.

68.

The barns to be Thi barnes fer fro stynk and sumdele hie,
6\yeet and high,
with a hard floor Thi stable ferre away therfro thou sette,
two foot thick.
A place for every 472 Eke se that thay be wyndy, colde, and drie,
kind of corn.
Thi berne also be playne, and harde the flette,
And footes two to thicke it thou ne lette,

For every corne a place is to devyse,

476 As large as for thi tyllyng wol suffice.

69.

The granary to Thi garner and thi vessel for thi grayne
be high, and its
walls plastered Make sumdele high, and walle it thus to thryve
with oil-dregs,
clay, and olive- Oyldregges mixt with clay thou must implayne
leaves.
480 Thi wowes with, and leves of olyve,
In stede of chaf upon thi wowes dryve,
And and then oyldregge it efte,
drie it wel,

And saufly may whete in it be lefte.

thi

70,

So you get rid of 484 This maner crafte wol holde oute of thi whete
weevils and other
noisome beasts.
Coriander- leaves
Gurgolions and other noyus bestes,
prevent thewheat The coriander leves, lest it swete,
from sweating.
Is putte therin, an other crafte unleest is ;

488 From chaunge it ofte his feest

floor to floor to is.

Coniza is an herbe, as Greekes sayne,

That drie is goode to kest under thi grayne.
 OIL-CELLAR AND STABLES. 19

71,

Thyne oilcellar sette on the somer syde, The oil-cellar to

be on the south.
492 Holde out the cold and lette come in the sonne The receptacles
of the oil to be
At hooles, so that in the wynter tyde kept clean.

Thyne oil with esy pressure out be wonne.

Oilmylles, wheeles, wrynges, not begonne
496 Of newe I nyl not speke of no we, but clene
Thyne oyle's receptacles thou demene.

72.

Men may also doon other diligence An oil-cellar may

be warmed by
Aboute an oylcellar, it for to
warme, flues underneath .

500 The pament under thorled and suspense

Bete under fyre, so smoke it may not harme,
A dell, and hete eke wol thi hous enarme,
As from the swerde of wynter kene and colde.
504 Now husbondrie for stables write I wolde.

73.

Towards the southe thi stable and thi stall Stables and stalls
for oxen to be
For hors and neet thou sette, and gette in light towards the
south. Make a
Oute of the north, and wynterclose it all fire for them in
the winter.
508 To holde outte colde. In summer yeve it sight
Thi hous to cole, and nygh thi bestes dight
A fire in colde ;
it wol thyne oxen mende,
And make hem faire, yf thai the fyre attende.

74.

512 For harming of thaire hoof eke sette hem drie, Not to harm the
hoofs, set them in
And for iche yoke of exon in thi plough a dry place. Al-
low eight feet in
VIII foote in brede, and goodly length outtrie,
breadth for each
yoke of oxen.
The length as from the home unto the sough, Horses require
strong planks.
516 The brede is crosse, and plank it stronge ynough
Under thyne hors, that it be lygging softe

Ynough, and harde enough to stande alofte.

20 SHED, MEWS, AND DOVE-COT.

75.

A shed for cattle Eke on the south thou make an hons for bestes,
on the south to
be covered with 520 But over hoote attemporate to holde
shingles, tiles,
broom, or sedge. A pointe of hnsbondrie not this the leest is,

Of forkes,and of borde, and bowes colde

A standyng must be made, and overfolde
1
524 And heled weel with shyngul, tile, or broom,
Or segges are as good as to my doom.

76.

Mews for birds, This hous aboute also make up thi mewes,
whose dung is

necessary for the For dounge of foules is ful necessarie

land except that
of the goose. 528 To londtillynge yit gooses donnge eschew
; is,

It is right nought, it is an adversarie

To every seed, now everie birdde hem warie !

Fy on you, gees ; fy on your tail for shame !

532 Your dounge is nought, turn out your taille of game.

77.

The dove-cote to And in a toure with plaine and whited walles

be in a tower
away from the
-
And fenestelles mi, a columbaire,
dwelling house.
It is good to scat- As the gyse, away from there thyne halle
is is
ter old broom
with which shoes 536 Lete sette, as doves may therto repaire,
are made for
oxen, amongst And inwith make hem nestes many a paire.
doves.
Olde spartea, that bestes with beth shode,
To sprynge amonge the doves is ful goode.

78.

It will be a charm 540 The wesel shal for this doon hem noon harme,
against weasels ;
so will the rope So it be doon secre that noo man see.
with which a
man has been Yit for the wesel use another charme,
hanged.
Sum of the roope wherwith hath strangled be
544 Sum men, pray God lette it be never the,

Hang part of that in every fenestell,

And this wol from the wesel wite hem well.

genesta.
 MANAGEMENT OF DOVES AND THRUSHES.

79.

Gyf hem comyne ynough, and barme her pennes, Give them cum.
min, and rub
548 And doves moo ynough in wol thay brynge ;
their wings with
balsam. Let them
And yf thou wolt have many briddes thennes, have baked bar-
ley, beans, or
Let barly bake, or bene, or fitches flynge vetches, and hang
rue about.
Afore hem ofte, also for her helping
552 Let honge aboute in dyvers places re we,
And bestes adversannt hem wol eschewe.

80.

Under thi colver hous in alle the brede Under the whole
breadth of the
Make mewes tweyne, oon litel and obscure, dove-cot make
two mews: in one
556 With whete and mylde in that thi tur tours fede, feed doves with
wheat and millet.
In somer faat ynough with litel cure :
A strike is enough
for six score.
But boile it in sweetness, and oon mesure
A strike is for vixx
oon daies mete,
560 But water ofte refreshhed do hem gete.

81.

And thrushes fede upon that other syde ;

In the other feed
thrushes. Let
To faat hem
avayling and plesaunte
is them have trans- ;
verse perches and
But make this house wherin thay shal abyde fresh boughs to
.sing in. Fatten
564 Light, clene, and playne with perches transversannte themwith ground
figs and flour.
To sitte upon, and bowes in to chaunte
Ychannged ofte ;
eke yeve hem figges grounde
Comyxt with flour to make hem faat and rounde.

82.

568 The seed of mirt, if that thou maist it gete, Seed of myrtle,
birch, ivy, crab,
Of birch, of yvy, crabbe, and wild olyve and wild olive is
-r , , P , good for a change.
hem no we and nowe for
Lete yeve channge of mete
-i

;
Put in with those

With channged water ofte. Eke fressh as blyve

J
four or fiveTame
thrushes.
572 As thai be take unhurt, with mi or v
Of thrusshes tamed, putte hem in this mewe,
To doo disport among thees gestes newe.
22 ON POULTRY.

83.

Women know What woman cannot sette an hen on broode

how to set hens.
The black are 576 And bryng her briddes forth ? the crafte is lite,
best, the white
are worst, yellow
are good. Lees
But ashes smoke and dust is for hem goode.
of wine make Eke best are hennes blake, and werst are white,
them barren.
And
good are yolgh but yf thaire appetite
:

580 With draff of wyne be fedde anoon bareyne

Thei beth : for thi therfrom thou hem refreyne.

84.

Two cruses of Wol thou thai often hatche and eyron grete
half-boiled barley
is one day's food Thai legge ? Half boiled barly thou hem bringe,
for a hen at large.
Place an odd 584 Twey cruses 1 in oon day oon hennes mete
number of eggs
under a hen when That gothe atte large, and odde 2 eyron in springe
the moon is be-
tween ten and Of echates 3 under thynne hen sittynge
fifteen days.
4
To putte, as whenne the moone is daies dene

588 Of age is good, and til she be fiftene.

85.

To cure the pip, And other while an hen wol have the pippe,
slip off a pellet
from the tongue A white pellet that wol the tonge enrounde,
with your nail,
and cast ashes And softely of wol with thi nailes slippe
on the wound,
and put garlic, 592 Anoon, and askes after on the wounde
alum, and oil in
the mouth. Thou kest, and dense it, ley on garlic grounde,
Ground alom eke with oile put in her mouthes.

86.

Staphis agria, or 596 As staphisagre medled in thaire mete

stavesacre, will
heal the tongue. Wol hele her tonnge, another maladie
Remove a horny
substance from
the eye with a
Wol ryse of soure lupyne, if thai it ete,

needle or pin. As comes that wol under growe her eye,

600 That but thou lete hem oute, the sight wol die.

All esely thou maist undo the skynne

With prikyng of a nelde or a pynne.

1 8 lune.
ciati. imparia.
 ON THE PEACOCK AND PEAHENS.

87.

Take woman's mylke and juce of portulake, Other remedies

for sore eyes.
604 And therwith thou maist hele her eghen sore, Destroy lice with
stavesacre and
Or hony, myxt with salt cummin ground
armonyake in -wine and juice
And comyn evenly, is goode therfore. of lupin.

And yf thyne hen be lousy, there is more,

608 Eke luys with staphisagre and comyn
Igrounde in wyne and juee of soure lupyn,

88.

The pokok men may rere up esily the peacock eas-

ily reared. Be-
Yf bestes wilde or theves hem ne greve. ware of the fox
at the time of
612 Her briddes wol thai fede tip besily brooding.

In feldes forth, and up thai wol atte eve

Into a tree lest thai by nyght myscheve.

But warre the fox, as while thai sitte on brode
616 To sette in an Ilande were ful goode.

89.

And for a cok beth hennes v ynowe ;

The peacock
hates his eggs
The Cok his eyron and his briddes hateth, and chicks until
their crest be
Until the crest upon thaire hedes growe, grown.

620 And first in Feverer of love he prateth.

And benes bake alite his love abateth

Eight nere adell, yf that he ete hem warme,

For thei wol rather his courage enarme.

90.

624 The cok confesseth emynent cupide He confesses love

when he displays
"When he his gemmy tail begynneth splay his tail and wings.

About himself so faire on every side,

That never foul- was in so fresh array.
628 A shuddering, a flusshing, and affray
He maketh thenne, and turneth him aboute
All golde begoon his tail and wynges stoute.
 INCUBATION AND FEEDING.

91.

If her eggs are The pohen eke excused, yf men sette

placed under an-
other hen, the 632 Another henne her eyron forth to brynge,
peahen will lay
three times a Wol legge in oon yere thries dewe as dette,
year. Set a hen
on nine eggs, four
of her own and
Y atte the frist and mi at efte legginge,
five of the pea-
hen.
And after m or n
but for bredynge
j

636 To set an hen on eyron ix is goode,

IY of her kynde, and v of other bloode.

92.
Do this on the The moone
first of the month .
first day of the is this to doo,
On the tenth take
away the four and
The xth day the mi away betake,
substitute
others,
four
and be
640 And other mi enscore her place into.
careful to turn
them.
To tourne hem ofte also good hede thou take,
For she may not the turnyng undertake.
Yet take for that a stronge hen and a grete :

644 A iitel hen on fewer must be sette.

93.

They hatch on The xxx day goth al 1 out of the shelle,

the thirtieth day.
Columella says a
hen may feed
And oon norice 2 may xxv lede.

twenty-five So say not I, but so saith Columelle ;

chicks.
648 XY I sey suffice oon henne to fede.
And first for hem spring wynes white or rede,
On barly seede, or puls decoct and colde
To yeve hem frist is good and holsum holde.

94.

In addition to 652 And after hacked leek or tender cheses

other food give
them locusts Lete fede hem with, but whey thou holde hem fro ;
without the feet
for six months. Ek pluck awey the feet and yeve hem breses ;
3

And monethes YI it is to fede hem so ;

656 And after geve him barly to and to

Right as the list, but xxx dayes olde
Thai with thaire norce into the felde betolde. 4

2 mandentur.
pulli. gallina. locustas.
 ON PHEASANTS. 25

95.

She 1 nowe behinde, and no we she goth before, The care of the
hen for her
660 And clocketh hem, but when she fynt a corne, chicks, which,
when their crests
She chicheth hem and loith it hem before, spring, are as sick
as children at
Hem ledyng home atte nyght lest thai be lorne. teething.

Eke hele hem of the pippe as is beforne

664 Of hennes taught ;
but when thaire crestes springe
As seke are thay as children in tothinge.

96.

Eesanntes up to bringe is thus to doo : To bring up phea-

sants. H ave two
Take noon but of oon yere for, infecunde ;
hens to each cock.
The hen will sit
668 Are olde ;
and marche uppon thai goo
frist in on twenty eggs.

Her vyves ;
but the males not abounde
In coitu, though thai be faat and rounde ;

A cok for hennes tweyne, and every hen

672 Wol ones sitte on eyron twies ten.

97.

A commune henne may weel uppon xv A common

will sit
hen
upon fif-

Of hem be sette, and of her owen a fewe. teen pheasant's

eggs. They hatch
And channge hem as before atte daies dene. in thirty days.
Feed them fifteen
676 At xxx daies ende oute wol thai shewe. days on boiled
barley sprinkled
with wine; after-
Erist fede them daies thries v arewe wards with bruis -
ed wheat and lo-
With barly coct and
colde, and wyne besprong, custs.

And after bresed whete and breses longe.

98.

680 A nnt eyron yeve hem eke, and kepe hem fro Give them also
ants' eggs. To
The water for the pippe, and if it have hem, rub their beaks
with garlic and
With garlic stamped weel and tar therto tar will cure the
pip.
Her bekes froted ofte and sadde wol save hem,
684 Her tonnges eke right as an hen to shave hem,
And right as hennes heel her maladie
Is goode ;
to fatte hem eke is husbondrie.

gallina.
 ON GEESE.

99.
A strike of wheat "With wheet a strike, or other half a strike
or half a strike of
mixed
barley
with oil and 688 Of barly mele enoyled, 1 offed lite, 2
made into cakes
will fatten them In dayes thries ten thowe make hem slyke
in thirty days.
And fatte ynough, so that her appetite
Be served weel, and that noon offes white
692 Englayme uppon the rootes of her tonnge ;

For that and hunger sleth thees briddes young.

100.
The goose is fed The goos with grasse and water up is brought,
on grass and wa-
ter. Take one To plant and tree an opon foo 3 is she,
male for three fe-
males. You may 696 Her bityng harmeth corne, her donnge 4 is
deplume them nought;
twice a year.
Take for oon male of hem females thre,
And
twies a yere deplumed may thai be ;
In sprynging- tyme and harvest tyme eke make ;

700 For hem, yf other water wonte, 5 a lake. 6

101.
Other food for For wonte 7 of grasse on trefoil
8
lette hem bite,
geese. The skew-
bald and brown On gouldes
9
wilde,
10
or letuce, 11
grekysh hay.
12
are not so pro-
13
ductive as the The skewed goos, the brune goose as the white
white, coming of
the wild kind.
Set them from
704 Is not feeounde. And why ? For as thai say
the first of March Oute of the kynde of wilde gees cam thay.
till the longest
day. Fro Marche kalendes gees to sette on broode
Until the day be lengest is ful goode.

102.

The goose's eggs 708 An hen upon thaire eyron maist thou sette,
may be placed
under a hen, but As of the pocok saide is all before,
that they may not
be injured, put But hennes eyron sholde ought lette,
lest this
nettles with
them. Ley netteles under with, and evermore
712 The laughter last unto the modres lore :

Is to be lefte that thai may with her children

Laugh and be gladde, as with hem were here eldron.

1
oleo sparsi. 2 in offulas redact!. 3 4 stercus.
inimica.
5 lack. 6
lacunam. 7 8 9
defectu. trifolium. intubis.
11 12 13
us. lactuca. grseco faeno. varii colons.
 FOOD FOR GEESE. 27

103.

Ten dales first lete hem be

fedde withynne ; Feed them in-
doors for ten
716 And thenne, is "Wedir faire, doo forth hem lede ;
days then take
;

them out in fine

But netles war, from hem thi briddes weather, and fat-
twynne, ten them at thirty
Enclose
And fatte hem xxx dales olde for nede ;
days.
them in a warm
and dark
Atte moneths foure alle fatte thou maist hem fede,
place.

720 Flour thries a day and lette hem not goo large
; ;

In warme and derk to clese hem I the charge.

104.

Eke mylde is goode also in every mete, Millet is good for

them, and all kind
All manner puls is goode, the fitche outetake. of pulse except
vetches.
724 Swyne heres brustels kepe hem lest thay ete.
Two parties branne with flour thees Grekes take
With water hoote comyxt also thai make ;

Her water thries freshed every day ;

728 And ones in the nyght. This is no nay.

105.

Yf thou desirest that thi gees be tender ;

Ground figs and
water make geese
When thai in age be passed xxx daies,
fat. So says the
Author, and the
Of Translator is loth
figges grounde and water tempered slender to break from
1 2 him.
732 Gobbettes yeve thi gees. Eut these arayes
To speke of here for nought but myrth and play is ;

Yit as myne auctor spak, so wolde I speke,

Seth I translate, and loth am fro him breke.

106.

736 This doon, is other thinges for to doo : Make two stews ;

one for water-

Two stewes must thou make in erthe or stoone, fowl, the other
to wet hides in,
Not fer from home, and bryng water therto and dry twigs,
lupins, etc.
Of sprynge, or rayne for water foul 3 that oon
740 To swymme, also thi bestes to togoon ;

4
That other wete in hides, yerdes drie,
Lupyne, and other thing for husbondrie.

1
offulas. 2 Autor 3
avibus aquaticis. 4
madefacias coria.
loqr,
 28 CARE AGAINST FIRE. MANURES.

107.
In housing hay, For hay, for chaf, for tymber, and for redes
chaff, timber, and
reeds be careful 744 Make housyng as the list it is noo charge j ;
*

against fire.
In drie and wyndie places there noo drede is
Of brennyng hem, and for that'alle atte large
Away from home ordeyn hem I the charge.
748 A fyre is foul affray in thinges drie.
And now for dounge an other husbondrie :

108.
The dunghill to The myddyng, sette it wete as it may rote,
be out of sight
and smell. Asses' And saver nought, eke sette it oute of sight ;
dung is best for
gardens, next 752 The seed of thorn in it wol dede and dote.
sheep's, then
goat's and neat's. asses rathest for to dight
Thyne dounge is

A garden with ; sheep dounge is next of myght ;

And after goot and neet eke hors and mares

; ;

756 But dounge of swyne the werst of all thees ware is.

109.
Ashes are good, Askes beth goode, and
and no dung of
so hoot is noo dounge
fowls is so hot as
doves except the
Of foule as of the douve, a quysht outake,
quest. Dung for And oon yere old
corn not to be
is nought for herbes yonge
more than a year
old. Sea-slime
760 And goode for corne ;
but elder thou forsake,
good to mix with
other manure. Fresh dounge is best thi medes with to make ;

Seeslyme al fresshe ywesh, and slyme of floode

"With other dounge ymedled is right goode.

110.

Placeyour garden 764 Thi garden and thyne orchard, sette hem nygh.
so that it may
have the benefit The garden from thi mydding softe enclyne,
of the dunghill,
and the water That juce of that amonge thyne herbes sigh
may run off from ;

it. If you have

not a well, dig a
And water in sum stede away declyne.
tank or a stew.
768 Eke yf the lacke a welle, a winche enmyne ;

And if thou may not soo, lette make a stewe

With rayne water thyne herbes to renewe.

1
non refert.
 FENCES FOR GARDENS. 29

111.

And yf that help it not, lete delve it depe Ordigthe ground,

three or four feet
772 Three foote or foure, in wyse of pastynynge, deep. Every soil
may be brought
That it may in itself his moister kepe. by manure into
tillage ; yet chalk
And every lande, although a man may brynge and clay and red
land is to be
Withhelp of dongyng hit into tylling,
avoided.

776 Yit is the chalk or claylonde for to eschew,

And from the rede also thi garth remewe.

112.

Eke yf thi garth be drie in his nature, If your garden

be dry, divide it,
Depart it, and in wynter southward delve and in winter dig
the south side ;
780 Hit uppe, and in the somer doo this cure, in summer the
north.
Upon Septemtrion to overwhelve
Hit upsodowne ;
thus wol hit save it selve.

The garth eke closed is in dyvers wyse ;

784 Dyversed wittes dyversely devyse.

113.

Hym liketh best a daubed wough, and he Different

with respect to
tastes

Wol have a wall of clay and stoon, and stones garden walls. The
worst is to let a
Withouten clay an other wol it be ; ditch surround
your garden, un-
788 A nother with a diche aboute ygone is ;
less it be miry
ground.
War that, for that the werst of everichon is.

That diche wol drie up thi humours of thi londe,

Yit yf thi garth be myree, a diche may stonde.

114.

792 Oon planteth thorns, an other soueth seedes ;

Sow bramble seed
andhounds.thorn
But bremble seede 1 and seed of houndes thorn 2 for a good fence.
Keep the seed
Doo weel, and geder that as ripe as nede is ;
mixed with flour
of vetches within
With fitches flour, ywatered well beforn, ropes until
spring.
796 Lete medled all this seede, lest it be lorn.
In ropes kepe this confect meddissyng
Until the time of veer or of spryngyng.

2
1
rubi, v mori, v bati. rubum caninum,
30 TIME FOR SOWING,

115.

Then plough a Thenne eree a double forowe in foote a sender,

double furrow a
foot deep, and 800 As ferre as thou wolt close, and deep a foote ;
inclose these
ropes under light This ropes with thi seedes cloos hem under
mould.
Light moolde aboute, and on anoon lete wrote.
1
This doon, at twenty daies end a roote
804 In erthe, a branch in aier wol reche aboute.
Now rayle hem, and of closure is noo doute.

116.

Let spring dig if Lete veer goo delve, yf hervest shall go sowe ;

autumn is to sow,
and vice versa, so If veer shall sowe it, hervest must go delve ;
that each side
may have the 808 So shall her eitheres werke been overblowe
benefit of heat
and cold. With colde or hoote under the signes twelve.
Mark oute thi tables, 2 ichon by hem selve,
Sixe foote in brede and xn in length is best
812 To dense and make on evry side honest.

117.

In wet places In places wete or moist make evry brynke

make the mar-
gins two feet Two foote in heght, a foote in places drie,
high, in dry
places only one. And yf thyne humour from thyne herbes synke,
816 Dispose it soo that it from places hie
3
Descende, and doo thi lande to fructifie ;

And thens to an other part precede,

And so to every parte, as it is nede.

118.

Sow and graft as 820 To sowe and graffe although I sette a tyme,
they do in your
neighbourhood. Yit graffe and sowe as men doo the beside ;

In places cold thyne hervest sede betyme 4

Is best to haast ;
in springyng seede to abyde.
824 In places hoote eke chaunge her either tyde.
To graffe and sowe in growing of the moone,
And kytte and mowe in wanyng is to doon.

3 4
radix. faciat. celeriter.
 REMEDIES AGAINST BLIGHT AND MILDEW. 31

119.

For blichenvng
J
1
and myst 2 take chaf 3 and raf,* Against mildew
'

and mist burn

828 And ley
*
it on thi lande in dy
J verse stedes,
chaff and rub-
bish. Against
And when thou seest the myst, lete brenne up chaf ban, throw a
J russet garment
And raf, eke as for hail 5 a russet wede is SS? aSfttoS
6 a with
To upon the querne, also it nede is
kest
Dioody ales.
832 All bloody axes bere and heven 8 threte
7

In hardy wyse as hym to slayne or bete.

120.

Girde eke thi garth aboute in vynes white ; Other remedies

are white vines
Or, sprad the wynges oute, sette up an oule. round the garden,
or. an owl with
836 Whi laugh ye so ? this crafte is not so lite. outstretched
wings, or to
Or take thi spades, rake, knyf, and shovelle smear the tools
with bear's
And evry tole in beres grees defoule, grease.

Eke sum have stamped oile with grees of beres

840 To greece her vyne-knyf for dyveres deres.

121.

But that a man must doo full prively, But no one must
see it done. For
That never a warkman wite, and this is goode the Author says
most ridiculously
For frost, and myst, and wormes sekirly. if it be published
it is of no avail.

844 But as I trust in Crist that shedde his bloode

For us, whos tristeth this Y holde him wode.
Myne auctor eke, (whoo list in him travaille !)

Seith this prophaned thyng may nought availe.

122.

848 Oil dregges fresshe for gnattes and for snayles Oil dregs or soot
good against
Or chambre soote is goode to kest aboute ; gnats or snails ;
an owl's heart on
For anntes eke an oules herte availe is their beds against
ants, or chalk
To putte upon her bedde, and alle the route and ashes ; juice
of rocket or horse-
852 A trayne of chalk or askes holdeth oute. leek against can*
kerworms.
10
Thi seed with juce of rucul 9 or syngrene
To wete 11 up sleth the rucul, as men wene.

1 2 3 4 5 6 molam.
rubigine. nebula. paleas. purgaraenta. grandini.
7 8
coelum. 9
erucse. 10 " madefacere.
cruentas secures. sempervivse,
32 REMEDIES AGAINST CANKER-WORM, GNATS, AND CATERPILLARS.

123.
Divers other re- Eke figtree askes oon on rucul throweth,
medies against
the rucul, or can- 856 An other hangeth uppe or soweth squylle, 1
kerworm.
The thridde among his wortes chitches soweth,
For wondres fele and, he saith, as to kille
The rucul and fele other thinges ille,

860 A menstruous ungerd wommon, unshod

Untressed eke, about to goone is goode.

124.

River-crabs cru- Moode crabbes here and ther to crucifie,

cified are alsoa
remedy ;
also to He seth, is goode ;
but bestes forto sle
anoint the prun-
864 That dooth vynes harm
ing-knife with thi let sle the flie,
oil in which can.
tharides
been
have
left to rot.
The cantharide in roses that we se ;

Put hem in oile, and roton when thai be,

The vyne if thou shalt kytte enointe aforn
868 The knyf with this for this ;
craft is noo scorn.

125.
For gnats oil-
Oile dregges and oxe galleis goode for gnattes,
dregs and ox-
galls are good, or So that the beddes therwith thou enoynte,
oil and ground
or water-
ivy,
leeches burnt.
Eke oile and yvy grounde is goode as that is,
That worms de-
vour not thy
872 Or waterleches brende an other point is.
colewort dry the
seeds in the skin Thi wortes that the wermes not disyoint, 3
of tortoise, or
grow mint with The seedes in a tortous 3 skynne 4 thou drie,
it.
Or mynte among thi cool thou multiplie.

126.

Bruised vetches, 876 Eke fitches brese, of hem thair radissh 5 springeth,
rape, or henbane,
6
mixed with vine- Or rape, or thus take juce of henbane
gar, will kill the
cabbage-worm. With soure aysell, and hem togeder mengeth,
The stink of the
scales of headless And kest hem on your cool in every pane ;
garlic burnt de-
stroys caterpil- 880 Ereither wol be worterwormes 7 bane.
lars.

Brenne her and ther the heedles garlic sceles,

The stynke of it for hockes 8 help and hele is.

1 2 se destruaut. 3 4 5 radix.
squillam. testudinis. corio.
7 8
>a,
rapa publicu olerum (sic: but quaere "polices.") contra campas.
 MEANS OF GETTING RID OF VERMIN. 33

127.

Thi vyne knyf with garlic forto frote Other remedies

against the hock
884 Is goode, eke cley 1 and brymstone 2 yf me brenne or caterpillar.

About a vyne, anoon this hockes rote,

Or hocke in water yf men seethe, and thenne
About in all thi garden do it renne,
888 It sleth the hocke, but bring it from withoute
Myne auctor saith, fro sum garth nygh aboute.

128.

Upon the whetstoon sle the cantaride, Slay the cantha-

ride on the whet-
3
The cantaride a vyne yf she enfeste ; stone, and De-
mocritus recom-
892 And Bemocrite 4 he saith that mys betyde mends to cast ten
crabs with water
Shal neither seede nor tree by worme, or beest, in an earthern
pot ten days out
Of flood, or see, x crabbes 5 yf thou kest of doors.

With water in an erthen potte ywrie 6

896 Ten daies throut 7 until the vapur die.

129.
And herbe or tree to moiste in the licour Or moisten a
herb or tree with
Iche vinth day is suffisaunt, saith he, it every eight
days. To kill pis-
To heel and helpe hem forth in fruite and flour, mires cast ori-
gane and brim-
900 But holde aye on it holpon til thou see. stone upon their
holes,
Pysmires yit yf thou wol make hem flee
Kest origane ystamped with brymstoone
TJppon thaire hoole, and oute thay flee anoone.

130.

904 The same is doon with cokille shelles brente ;

or burnt cockle,
shellsbrimstone
;
8
Eke brymstoon and galbane oute chaseth gnattes, and galbanum
destroys gnats ;
9
Also the fleen wol sleyn on thi pavyment pildregs poured
into a pan will
Oildregges ofte yspronge, eke myse and rattes slay more rats
and mice than a
908 This dregges mo may sle than dooth thi cattes,
cat.

So it be thicke and poured in a ponne, 10

The mous by nyghtertale on it wol fonne.

1
bitumen, 2 3 noceat. 4
ille auctor. 6
cancros.
sulphur.
6 7 8 9 10
cooperta. subdivo. culices. pulices. patina.

3
34 OTHER REMEDIES

131.
Black hellebore, Elebur blak with fatte, or brede, or chese,
mixed with
bread, cheese, or 912 Or floure comyxt and offred hem wol slen ;
flour, -will kill
them, as will wild Cocumber 1 wilde and coloquynt 3 doo brese ;
cucumber and co-
locynth bruised ; The juce will sle the myse as dyvers men
other remedies
against fleas. Have saide A yit an other crafte sleth neen
;
:

916 Watered cucumber seede, or comyn grounde, 3

4 5
Lupyne, or psilotre kest on the grounde.

132.

Apuleius recom- And for the feld mous, Apuleius

6

mends to
steep
all grains in ox- Saith goode is alle his greyne in oxes galle
gall before sow-
ing them, against 920 A man to stepe, and sowe hem thenne eke thus :

field-mice, or to
stop their holes With affadille upclose her hooles alle ;
with affadill.
Thai gnawe it oute, but dede downe shal thai falle,

Eight forth withall thai shall it not eschewe,

924 The moldewarp the Grekes thus pursue :

133.

The Greeks per- Thai thurle a nutte, and stuffe it so withinne

forate a nut and
stuff it with With brymstoon, chaf, and cedria, thees three.
brimstone, chaff,
and cedria, and Then alle her hooles ther the molde is ynne
light it, to de-
stroy moles. 928 Save oon, the n*>ste, uppe stopped must thai be.

The fyred nuttes smolder shall thorowe fle

This grettest hoole, as wol the wynde him serve,

And either shall thees talpes voide or sterve.

134.

Oak-ashes will 932 Yit for the mous, kest oken askes soo
give mice the
scab. Burnt Aboute her hooles in it that thai may trede ;
hartshorn, or
goats-claws, or The scabbe anoon will ryse and hem fordoo.
lilies, or galba-
num, will drive For eddres, spirites, monstres, thyng of drede,
away adders and
evil spirits
936 To make a smoke and stynke is goode in dede.
(noxious vapours)
by the smoke. Brent hertshorne, or gootes cleen, or rootes
Of lilie brente, or galbane all this bote is.

2 3 * 5 6 ille auctor.
cucumer. coloquintida. tritum. psilotrum. terrain.
 AND SUPERSTITIOUS DEVICES. 35

135.

The Greek saith eke that yf a cloude arise Greeks say that
locusts will leave
940 Of breses 1
men muste in hous hem if men hide them-
smert, hide, selves from them.
And thai wol voide. A crafte eke thai devyse Wild cucumber,
or lupines mixed
with
men fle to hous and byde
That, breses seyn,
oil-dregs,
will drive them

In hous, and as thai come, awaie thai glide. away.

944 Cocumber wilde, or sour lupyne in drestes

Of oil comyxt wol dryve away thees beestes. 2

136.

And other sayne that scorpions and thees, 3 Or burn some of

them. To kill
Yf sume of hem be brent, wol voide ichone ;
caterpillars, cast
on them the ashes
948 And other als seyne, hockes for to lese, 4 of a fig-tree, or
pour on the cab-
Kest on hem, and, but thai goone,
figtree aske
bages oil-dregs
and ox-urine.
Oil dregges and oxe uren iliche anoon
Let mynge and boile, and when it coled is,
952 Byrayne aboute uppon thi wortes this.

137.

The greek saith that a best prasocoride A ram's paunch

covered up where
The garth anoieth muche, and remedie they multiply
will kill pras-
Is this for that, a rammes panch athide 5 corides (moths)
in two days.
956 Alle lightly soo there as thai multiplie,
When Phebus chare hath goon aboute it twye, 6
There shalt thou fynde hem heped, sle hem there
A twie or thrie, and thai ne shall the dere.

138.

960 Yit efte for hail a crocodilles hide, The hide of a

crocodile, or sea-
A see calf skynne, or of a lyonesse calf, or lioness,
hung on the en-
Bere uppe aboute thi lande on evry side, trance of a house
or town, will pre-
And whenne thou dredest hail or hevynesse vent hail, or a
marsh-tortoise
964 Lete honge it in thi yates or ingress 7 carried about the
fields in the right
hand.
Of hous or towne, or thus in thi right hande
A myres tortous here aboute thi lande.

1 2 3 4
locustas. locustas. locustas. perdere.
5 6 7
operire. post duos ingressus.
36 TO KEEP OFF DARK CLOUDS ASD SECURE FERTILITY.

139.
But it must be But bere it and tourne agayne
bolt upright,
borne upright,
and you must go 968 Right as thou went, and ley her downe upright,
back as you came,
and leave
its back.
it
This
on And undersette her crooked bakke, that mayne
1

keeps off mischief

of clouds.
Her lacke agayne to tourne herself downeright.
This (is) a crafte of witte, a thynge of myght,
972 For all the lande that thou haste goon abotite
For cloudes wick is save, this is noo doute.

140.
Others take the When other seen derk cloudes over hove,
shape of a dark
cloud in a mirror, The shappe of it thai take in a myrroure,
and thus either
remove the harm, 976 And outher thus from hem his harme thai shove,
or double an-
other's terror.
Or to sum other doubleth his terroure ;

Amydde a vyne another thyng socoure,

For every mychief is a see calf hide
980 Aboute a quyk calf gridde on evry side.

141.
Steep seeds in Thi seedes with cocumber rootes grounde
ground cucum-
ber roots. The Lete stepe, and save of evry mysse thai are ;
skull of an ass or
mare will cause
fertility.
An other thinge that lightly may be founde,
984 The calvair of an horsed 2 asse or mare,
Sette that uppe : that wol make all fecundare
On every side as ferre as it may se.

Thus saithe the booke, and thus I trowe it be.

De area.

142.
Let the thresh-
988 Thi thresshing floor be not ferre of awaie,
ing-floor be near,
for convenience
of carriage, and
For beryng and for stelinge, as the gise is
against theft.
Let the floor be Of servauntes of flynt eke, if thou may,
;

of or hewn
flint,
stone, or water This thou make, or hewen stoones besides,
floor
mixed with earth
and trodden flat. 992 Or water myxt with grounde, the thridde avis is,
Upshette aboute, and trampled with catell
Maade playne and dried after, wol do well.

vigour. non Virginia.

 BARNS FOR CORN. BEE-KEEPING. 37

143.
And nygh it make a place high, plain, and pure, Make also a place
to cave (?) the
996 When nede is therto cave upon thi corne, corn upon before
taken to the
it is
This wol availle, and make it longe endure.
barn. It is also
good to have a
Then after to thi berne it be borne. house for the
may grain in case of
showers.
Eke, greyne in shoures sholde be lorne,
lest thi

1000 Eight hoolsum is to have an hous besyde,

That for a shoure in that it myght abide.

144.
But make it high, on everie half perflable, This house to be
open on every
Eerre fro thi garth, thyne orchard, and thi vynes ; side, and far from
the garden and
1 004 For, right as chaf and dounge is vineyard for:
profitable
straw and chaff,
On rootes, and upbryngeth brede and wynes ;
which would
benefit the roots,
so the same upon the top a pynne is, would damage
Eight the flowers and
The floures and the buddes wol thai drie,
buds.

1008 And bore hem through, and make hem so to die.

De opium castris.

145.
The Bee-yerd be not ferre, but faire asyde Place for the
bee-yard.
Gladsum, secrete, and hoote,
from the wynde, alle Plants proper
for bees.
Square, and so bigge into hit that no thef stride.
1012 Thaire floures in coloures or her kynde
In busshes, treen, and herbes thai may finde ;

Herbe origane, and tyme, and violette, .

Eke affadille and savery therby sette.

146.
1016 And curiage, and gladiol the longe, Other plants,
shrubs, and treeg
Eke amarac, and other fresshed floures, which may be
allowed to grow
Eosmary, yvy, rose, lily spronge and near the hive.
The yew to be
In busshes, eke the blossom greet second is. avoided.

1020 Of evry tree thaire swetnesse in the floure is,

Ook fold and birche, eke terebynite, and lynde
But TJtree,
1
that is nought, leve it behynde.

1
F^taxus.
38 PLANTS AND HERBS FOR BEES.

147.
Tyme, tymbra, Of tyme is wex and hony maade swetest,
peleton are best ;

next is origane ; 1024 Of tymbra, peleton; and origon

then rosemary
and savory. Is next to that and after hem is best
Plant trees on ;

the north side,

and bushes all
Of rosmary, and savery, thenne is noone
about ;
So goode as thai, but rustik swete echoon.
1028 Septemtrion sette treen upon his syde,
And bushes aboute under the walle devyde.

148.

and herbs. Let And after busshes herbes in the playne,

there be a brook,
or a well, and A sobre brook amyde, or elles a welle
place boughs so
that the bees may 1032 With pulles 1 faire, and bowes or it trayne
drink, but re-
move all bad So langh and rare on hem that bees may dwelle
smells, and ad-
ders and fowls. And drynke ynough, but ferre awaie propelle
Horrend odoure of kychen, bath, gutters ;

1036 Eddres to sleyn and foules oute to fere is.

149.
The bee-keeper The keper pure and chaste and with hem ofte,
must be clean.
Dung and burnt His hyves havyng redy forto take
crabs be kept
away. His swarmes yonge, and sette hem faire on lofte.
Places which
make an echo are 1040 The smell of dounge and crabbes brende aslake
bad, and so is
spurge.
Away from hem and places that wol make
;

A voice ayein as ofte as men wol calle

Is nought for hem, eke nought is titunalle.*

150.

Lampwort and 1044 This thapsia, 3 this wermoote, and elebre,

other bitter herbs
injurious. Make Cucumber wild, and every bitter kynde
the hives of thin
rind, canes, or Of herbe is nought for hem, as hem is lever
willow twigs.
Have no potter's Lete make her hyves all of thynner rynde,
hives.
1048 It is not angry hoot, nor colde unkynde.
Take twygges take
ferules eke, or saly

Te may, hut potters hyves thou forsake^

1
lacunas. spurge. lamp wort.
 HIVES AND SWARMS. 39

151.

Or make an hyve of hordes like a stonde, 1 Boards in the

shape of a cup,
1052 For that is goode, or hewe an holowe tree, or a hollow tree,
good for hives.
make hem hyves Place them on a
And therof into stonde,
stand three feet
Let the
But in foote high on stulpes must ther be high.
floor he whitened

A floor for hem, wel whited thou it se,

to keep off lizards
and worms.
1056 So made that lysardes may not ascende,
Ne wicked worme this catell forto oflfende.

152.

Thyne hyves heer thou sette a lite asonder, Turn the entrance
to the south, no
Her entre tourne it faire upon the southe ; larger than a hee.
Let there he two
1060 No larger than a bee may trede in under. or three open-
ings.
"Wickettes two or three thou make hem couthe,
That yf a wicked worme oon holes mouthe
Besiege or stoppe, an other open be,
1064 And from the wicked worme thus save thi bee.

153.

To bey thi been beholde hem riche and fulle, Directions for
buying bees.
Or preve hem by thaire murmure magnitude,
Or se the swarme and carie hem yf thou wolle
1068 By myght upon thi bak, hem softe enclude,
And towarde nyght hir yates thou reclude.
But bey hem not too ferre oute from thyne eire,
For chaunge of ayer may putte hem in dispaire.

154.

1072 Thre daies thenne it is to taken hede If all the swarm

Yf alle the swarme oute atte the yates go out in three
goo, days, there is
reason to fear
And if thai doo, then it is forto drede they mean to he
off. Prevent this
Lest thai purpoos in haast to ben agpo. by dauhing the
dung of a heifer.
1076 Yit wene men that they wol not do soo
Aboute her hoole an heifer 2 calves 3 thoste 4
So that thou cleme, 6 and this litel coste.

2 4 6 alliuas.
cupe. vituli. progeniti. stercus.
40 BATHS AND THE MODES OF SUPPLYING THEM.

De balneis.

155.
The husbandman It is not strange, if water wol suffice,
will think of his
bath for health 1080 An husbonde on his baathe to be bethought ;
and pleasure.
Let look to-
it For therof may plesaunce and helthe aryse.
ward the south
and south-west. Towarde the sonne ondrie it must be wrought,

Southwest and southe the sonnes 1 ynne be brought,

1084 That alle the day it may be warme and light ;

The celles suspensures thus thou dight :

156.
Floor to be two
feet thick, in-
First floore it n foote thicke, enclyninge softe
clining gently to- The forneis warde, so that the flamme upbende
wards the fur-
nace, on pillars 1088 The celles forto chere and chaufe
made of tiles two olofte;
feet and a half
high.
And piles 3 maade of tiles must ascende
Two foote and half, and two foote wide attende
Hem forto sette, and upon hem thou sprede
1092 A marble floor, or tyle it yit for nede.

157.
An apparatus to
supply the bath
A myliair of lede, the bothom brasse
with hot and cold
water, called
Anende the feetes sette it so withoute
Miliarium, made
of lead, with a The fourneis, and the fire ther undre passe.
brass bottom.
The cells to be 1096 A conduite cold into it bringe aboute,
fifteen feet long
and ten broad. Make pipes water warme inwarde to spoute,
The celles square oblonge as x in brede,
As for xv in length is oute to sprede.

158.
Greater heat in
a narrow place. 1100 For hete in streite is gretter then in large ;

Seats to be form-
ed ad libitum. But seetes make yfourmed as the list.
Light from the
north in summer, The somer celles lightes thou enlarge
from the south in
winter. Let the Upon the north, but winter celles wist 3
wash from the
bath go through 1104 From north ;
the southern light is best, as wist 4
the garden.
Is well ;
and all the wesshe oute of thi bathes
The garden thorowe to go therto no scathe is.

lightes. pilce. quatis. Vel satum (sic.)

 CEMENTS TO STOP CRACKS. 41

159.
The chambres in the bathes may be wrought chambers in the

1108 As cisterne is, but wol be well the stronger, stronger than the
cisterns. There
And other waies fele,7 yf
J thai besought, are other ways,
but weaker.
As but thai be yit
clene as unstronger.
Plac e a ^r
Jit, room over the
Thi winter hous to sette eke studie lenger {?/? ti hea?"
1112 Uppon thi bathe ;
for lo the groundes made,
And hete of it thi winter house wol glade.

De malthis calidariis vel frigidariis.

160.
Convenient it is to knowe, of bathes chlnkf Snaths!
c
"While speche is made, what malthes hoote and colde maithe!Sf'ammo-
1116 Are able, ther as chynyng clifte or scathe is ^VbSLt^
To make it hoole, and water well to holde.
For bathes hoote ammonyake is tolde
^ hot for

1
Eight goode with brymstone resolute ypitte
1120 Aboute in evry chynyng, clifte, or slitte.

161.
Or thus hardde pitche, and wex, take even weight,
:
e U Ua
2e S of h ard ftch
And herdde 2 with pix liquide herto eche 3 and wax, with
^

An halvendele, and grounden shelles dight

4
1124 With lyme al thees comixt wol deche
flour of :

Every defaute, and all the woundes leche.

"While wex, hardde, pitch, remysse ammonyake,
Thees three comixt therfore is goode to take.
162.
1128 Or thus :
ammonyak remysse, and figges
With pix liquide and herdde 5 sore ygrounde
To cleme upon right suffisianntly bigg is ;

Or floure of lyme in oil, yf thou confounde

6
1132 And helde it in, upheleth it by grounde,
7
But kepe it drie awhile, eke boles bloode

With oil and floure of lyme admyxt is goode.

1 2 3 * claudere.
positum. stuppam. appone.
5 e 7 tauri.
stupa. fundum.
42 THE BAKE-HOUSE AND AGRICULTURAL INSTRUMENTS.

163.
Or oyster shells Eke oister shelles drie and alle to grounde 1

ground with hard

pitch and figs. 1136 With harde pitche and with fygges doth the same;
For a cold ce-
ment, ox-blood But malthes colde in other crafte thou founde,
with pitch and
cinders, or sifted
ashes and melted
Ox bloode with pitche and synder alle to frame,
tallow. And make it like a salve, and overflame 2
1140 Iche hoole and chene, or siften askes clene
And sevum molton helde in evry chene.

De pistrino.

164.

If you have
And yf thi water come in abundance,
abundance of
water, make it
As moche as may thi bathes overflowe,
turn your mill
and spare your 1144 Thi bakhous therwith all thou maist avance,
horse and ox for
the plough. A water mylle herwith thou maist avowe
To make, in sparing beestes that shal plowe,
As hors and ox, and so with litel care
1148 Shal water cornes grynde and beestes spare.

165.

Tools to be got Make redie nowe iche nedeful instrument,

ready great and
:

little plough, the Lete se the litel plough, the large also,
mattock, axe,
pickaxe, saw long The rigges forto enhance, and uppe to hent
and short, knives,
scythes, and 1152 Ther as the lande is moo
moist, yit toles
sickles.
The mattok, twyble, picoys, forth to goo,
The sawes longe and'shortte, eke knyves crooked
For vyne and bough with sithes, sides hocked,

166.
Sharp-backed 1156 And croked sithes kene upon the bake,
scythes, little
crooked knives, Showe forth also the cannibe 3 knyves lite
hooks,bills,rakes,
crooks, adzes, In plantes yonge a branch awaie to take,
pitchforks, and
double-bitted The hokes that the fern awaie shall bite,
axes.
1160 And billes all thees brerers up to smyte,

Set rakes, crookes, adses, and bycornes,

And double bited axes for thees thornes.
2 alline. 3
curves.
 ARTICLES OF DRESS FOR RUSTICS. 43

167.

Here must be markvng yrons for oure beestes. irons to mark,

geld, clip, and
1164 And toles forto geldde, and clype, and shere: shear animals;
also leathern
Eke lether cotes us to were honest is. cats with hoods
to wear over the
So thair cuculle aboute oure brolles
1 2 h ? ad boot le -
were, >

andf> mit-
gings,
And bootes, cocurs, myttens, mot we were :
3

1168 For husbondes and hunters all this goode is ;

briars and woods.

For thai mot walk in breres and in woodes.

Palladii primus liber explicit : assit ut unus

Alpha vocatus et fi det mihi Christus homo !

1
capita.
2
Vd est. 3 uti.
 JANYVBER.

BOOK THE SECOND.

A.blaqueacion of vines.

1.

Ablaqueacion, or Atte Jannerie ablaqueacion

excodication, i.e.
removing the The vynes axe in places temperate ;
earth from the
root of vines, to Italiens excodicacion
he done in Janu-
ary. 4 Hit calle : and it is hem to desolate

Of erthe, andfrom every roote abate.

all

Thus, delves made, on hem shall weete and heete,

Thai two dooth all engendre grapes greete.

2.

Now is time to 8 In places glade and lene, in places drie,

clean the mea-
dows, and call off The medes clensed tyme is now to make,
the beasts from
them. Fat and And beestes from nowe forth from hem to crie ;
dry land to be
ploughed up. The feeldes faate and drie, on hem to wake
Slacken the yoke
at the end of the
furrow to cool the
12 And breke 1 hem up, but at the wendyng
2
slake
oxen's neck. Do The yoke, thyne oxen neckes forto cole :
not let them draw
by the horn. But drawing by the home is noo goode scole.

3.

3
Let there be no The balke, that thai calle, unered lande
balk, i.e., land
left unploughed. 16 And overheled, beholde that there be noon ;
Break the clods,
and thrust a rod The cloddes mailed be with mannes hande.
frequently
through the fur-
rows trans-
To wite be well, thyself allone
if alle

versely, to see if Transversall thourgh the forowes everichone

the ploughman
hasdonehiswork.
20 Lette 4 rush a rodde, 5 and make hem ofte this went,
And thi ploughmen wol not be negligent.
2 3 * 5
proscindere. versurara . inaratam terrain. ponas. perticatn.
 DIRECTIONS FOR PLOUGHING. 45

4.

The fenny feeld it is not forto plowe, Fenny land not

to be ploughed
Lest all the yere be to tough
it after up. Nothing -will
grow for three
24 To plowe, eke, as men saith, noo thing wol growe years on land over
dry ploughed up
after rain. It
Thre yere on landes drier then ynough should be neither
too moist nor too
And rayne betwet, so turne upp with the plough.
dry.
Demene it in the meene of moist and drie,
28 Eke sowe it so, and it wol multiplie.

5.

Atte Janus mones Idus temperate At the Ides

(middle) of Janu-
Grounde is to sowe in barly galatike, ary, sow Galatian
barley in a tem-
viu busshels seede an acre lande is atte ;
perate soil, eight
bushels to an
32 But first se that the winter have be like.
1 acre, after a mild
winter. Chich-
lings in rich moist
Now chiches, sowe in fatte and moist londe, like 8
landrequire three
strikes to an acre.
Thre strike an acre seede, yit ofte it faileth ;

So weete or heete in flouring it availeth.

6.

36 And when this Janus xxv daies About the 25th of

January sow
Is olde, is best thi fitches forto sowe vetches for seed,
but not for fodder,
Ffor seede but not for fodder, for noo nay is seven bushels to
an acre, in warm
That 3 snailes rather lette hem forto growe. weather, when
the dew is off the
40 YII bushels on an acre londe bestowe ground. Cover
them at night.

When all the dewe is off, in houres

warme,
And hele i hem lest the nyghtes weete hem harme.

7.

Ffeyngrek to have of seede is to be sowe Fenegreek to be

sown at the end
44 In Ytalie ene in this Janes ende ;
of January, seven
strikes to an acre,
vn strike upon an acre is to throwe, ploughed in thin
and shallow, for
But plowed thynne and smale is to commende. if you descend
more than four
Ffor fyngers foure if lower thou descende fingers it will not
grow.
48 Upp may it not for thi with plowes light
:

Sum eree and sowe and rake it with forth right.

2
placida, clemens. Ifetantur. qum. opi.
46 ON WEEDING.

8.

Sow also tares at Also the tares in this Janes ende

the end of Janu-
ary, five strikes Is goode to sowe in places drie and leene,
to an acre.
Weed corn on 52 v strike upon an acre is to spende.
sunny days with-
out frost. But This mone, in sunny daies and serene
some say this will
uncover and hurt
the root.
Withouten frost, thi comes, weede hem clene.
Yit wol this werk the roote, as sum men telle,
56 Unhele, 1 or kirve, and colde it after quelle.

9.

When the wheat When wheet is quaterfoile and barly v,

has four leaves,
and barley five, And puls and beenes fingers foure ascende
and when pulse
and beans are Aboven erthe, it is to weede hem blyve ;
four fingers high,
weed them. The 60 The lupinge is noo wedyng on to spende,
lupin requires no
weeding. Withouten helpe himself it will defende
From wedes alle it rootes hath but oon,
;

And yf me wede it slayne it is anoon.

10.

Beans to be weed- 64 Thi bene yweeded twyes wol availle,

ed twice. One
will yield a strike. To wol it fructifie in grettest wyse ;
Corn not to be
weeded when Of oon to have a strike is goode travaille ;
dry, for fear of
mildew, but bar- Myne auctor saithe therto the wol arise.
ley may.
68 To wede eke cornes drie is noo goode gyse,

Ffor blichenyng after that werk is drede,

Yit barly drie it harmeth not to wede/

11.

Three methods of This moone is goode to make in pastynyng,

pastining, or pre-
paring land for 72 That may be maade dyvers in wyses thre,
vines :
digging,
ploughing, and In delvyng alle, or plowing, or dichinge.
ditching.
Thi lande unclene alle dolven uppe mot be,
Of rootes, fern, and weed, to make it free ;

76 But yf thi lande be leys clene of weedes,

With diche or forowe to pastyne it noo drede is.

detegere.
 ON THE CULTURE OF VINES. 47

12.

The forowe is best ille humour oute to wyse Two feet and a
half to be left be-
tween the fur-
Elonge eke as the liketh best thi lande,
rows, if the land
80 Two foote and half the brede is to devyse. 'isdug by the
hand; but if it
Then yf the vyne be ploughed, five
is dight with mannes hond, or six feet is to
Two foote and half ther must unereed stond ;
be left fallow.

But otherwyse if vynes shall be plowed,

84 Ffeet v or vi of leye is hem alowed.

13.

Two foote and half in brede and three in lenght, Ditches to be two
feet and a half
Yf diches plese, hem make, and three feet deep ; broad, and three
feet long, and
With mannes hande oxen strenght
to till, or ;
three feet deep.
The space be-
88 Thyne enterspace in oon maner thou kepe, tween to be uni-
form, and the
But lest the scions
1
crokedly up creep edges of the
ditches to be cut
And harmed be whenne yrons depe synke,
Pare all the diches even plaine the brinke.

14.

92 The first is goode, two foote and half, or three Dig to the depth
of two feet and a
Feet depe to turne up all but diligent ;
half or three feet,
and leave no
Thou be lest balkes underdosed be. balks. The fore-
man should ascer-
The wardeyne with his rodde experient tain this by thrust-
ing his rod
96 May be therof thourgh putting every went. through every
went, i.e., space
Eke heep uppe everie roote of feme and brieres, dug.

And everie weed, as used everi where is.

15.

The tables for thi vynes maist thou make The beds for
the vines accord-
100 Herafter as the list, or as thi lande ing to pleasure or
the nature of the
Wol axe. An acre all hool may thou take, ground, to be an
acre, or half, or
Or half an acre well therin may stande, third, or fourth
part. Artifices in
Eke of the thridde part it may be fonde, land-measuring.

104 The fourthe part an acre wol be square :

In londes mesuring yit craftes are.

1
sarmenta.
48 ON LAYING OUT AND MEASURING VINEYARDS.

16.
For a bed of an Of pastyniug thus mesure every side
acre square, mea-
sure 180ft. long,
as many wide.
A table square an acre lande to holde,
108 Ffeet scores nyne 1 in lenght as feele in wyde,
Let square it so, theroute of may be tolde
Of squares x feet wyde, who so beholde,

CCC square
2
of x and twyes twelve. 3
112 The nomber wol thyne acre 4 overwhelve.

17.
Whatever the This nomber what the liketh to pastyne
space to be pre-
pared for vines, Dissensseth alle decempedes 5 xvni.
measure out ten
squares of eight- Renomber hem, but tymes twyos nyde 6 (nyne)
een for an acre.
116 Decempedes, therof ther shall be seen
CCC mi & m
and xviine (v. cccxxiv}.
As was before ;
iche acre oute thou trace
In this maner of large or litel space.

18.

The proper soil 120 Thi vynes soile be not to molsh nor hardde,
for Tineyards is
the mean between But sumdel molsh, neither to fatte ne leene, 7
softandhard,rich
and poor, high But so wel fatte nor pitche it not downwarde,
;
and low, wet and
dry; neither bit-
ter nor salt.
Nor splatte it not to flatte, but sumwhat lene 8 ;

124 Of drie and weete also kepe it the meene.

In bitter soil or salt sette I noo vynes ;

In soiles so corrupt full sory wyne is.

19.

The climate also The meane is best thyne aier to qualifie,

should be rather
warm than cold, 128 Yit sumdel warme is better thenne to cold.
and rather dry
than wet. Vines Thenne ayer all weete is better sumdel drie,
fear winds. New
soil and wood- But vynes fer 9 of wynde and stormes cold,
land is best for
vines, the worst And erthe and namely woode lande best is hold
place is an old
vineyard. 132 For pastyning, and werst is holden there
As sumtyme olde vyneyerdes were.

1
centum octoginta. 2 3 4 5
decempede. xxiv. jugerum. squares of x foote.
6 xviii. 7 8 9
exile. inclined. formidant.
 DIFFERENT SOILS FOR VINES. 49

20.

Yit if thou tille it of necessitee, If necessity re-

quire an old vine-
Lette exercise and eree it ofte aforne, yard to be taken
into use again,
136 That rootes olde and drosse out clensed be the things that
must be attended
And every filthe
1
oute of this feeld be torne, to.

So vynes yonge in it ther shall be borne.

Eagstoon and thinges hardde in colde and hete
140 Relaxed bereth vyneyerdes grete.

21.

Molsh cley and stany lande, and stering stones Loose clay, stony
land, and loose
stonesmixedwith
Commyxt with moold and flynt that erthe is under, mould, under-
Of cold and moist conservatour flyntstone ground flint, and
is,
places into which
144 The rootes and the sonne hath asonder, 2 hills descend, and
it
valleys filled with
water, are all
Eke places unto whome from hilles sender 8 good for vines.
The landes sweete, and valeys that the flood

Upfilleth, all that is for vynes good.

22.

148 Lande argillose, and not cley by it selve, Clayey land, not
clay itself, is ad-
Ys commodiouse and there as wrecthed greves
;
vantageous ; but
never dig where
Soure 4 lande to weete or salt is, never delve, there are wretch-
ed groves,orsour,
And alwey thristy
5
drie land in repreve is. wet, or salt land.
Thirsty, dry land
1 52 Undounged sleek wol make hem lene, as preve is ;
is also in disre-
pute; undunged
In reed erthe eke a vyne is harde to take, sleek is known
to
make vines lean ;
in red earth they
Though afterwarde sumdele therin is wake. do not thrive at
first.

23.
Red earth very
But wicked to be wrought,
this lande is full troublesome to
Mork, being too
156 To hardde in heete, and over softe in weete. hard in heat and
too soft in wel.
Now spek of goode lande, levyng that is nought, Good land is
somewhat loose,
As welny rare attemporanntly mete, 6
but in the mean.
In cold places let
The mydday sonne eke stande it with to mete it look to the
south, in warm
1 60 In places cold, and to septemtrioun places let it in-
cline towards the
In places hoote enclyne it sum what doune. north.

1 2 3 4 5 6
squalor. ab invicera. separantur. amara. siticulosus. mediocris.
50 TREATMENT OF LETTUCES.

24.
In cool (tepid)
1
places let it in- In places cole enclyne it on the est,
cline towards the
east; but if the Yf Est or southeryn wyndes nought enaye,
east or south
wind annoy, turn 164 And yf thai doo, turne hem southwest or west
them (the vine-
yards) south-west
or west. Remove Impedimentes rootes oute thou trie,
all obstructions
of roots, and tread
And tradde it so that wicked herbes die.
it down to get rid
of weeds. Vine-
Two foote and half the feeld, and three the cleves,
land in the plain
to be two-and-a-
168 And mi an hille pastyned deepe to cheve is.
half feet deep, on
a declivity three
feet,onahillfour. 25.
2
Rank land is best Rong lande a foote and half, a valey twey
two -and -a- half
feet deep, a valley Ffeet deep is atte the best, experte ynough
two feet. Vines
prove best if set Am I that vynes preveth best if thai
immediately after
the spade or 172 Be sette anoon alter the spade or plough,
plough, ere they
become firm or Ar then the lande be wexen sadde or tough.
tough. So says
the Author from
his own expe-
That this is goode whether me plowe or delve
rience.
Myne auctour saithe he sawe the preef himselve.

25.
Plant lettuces in
January or De-
176 Letuce is to be sette in Janyveer,
cember, to be Or December, the plantes
transplanted in
to revieve
February; or sow
in February and
In Severer ;
either in ffeveryere
transplant in
April. They may
Let sowe and in Aprill her plantes meve.
be planted all
through the year 180 Eke sowe hem alle the yere weel wol thai preve
in fertile land,
rank, and dunged, In ronke and dounged fertil lande, but sette
but they must be
cut even, and ma- Hem not but even kytte and dounge ywette
nured with liquid.

When set, un- 27.

cover them and
manure. They
prefer moist,
hem dounge
Sette if thai be, lette bare hem, yeve ;

nd
longh (?) land. 184 Moist dounged londe and longh hem liketh best.
Weeds must be
wrung up by the The weedes with an hande must uppe be wronge,
hand, and those
that stand thin- And thai that thynnest standeth beth gladdest.
nest are largest.
Or slit the leaves Or slitte her leves growen so wel prest,
when grown, and
press them down 188 And with a shelle or a hutte 3 adoune hem presse, 4

with a shell or a
clod. And thai wol glade and fate under this presse. r>

2 3 *
tepidis. uliginosa. gleba. preme. prelo.
 WONDERFUL POWER OF NATURE IN PLANTS. 51

28.

Thai wol be white, as men suppose, yf ye It is thought that

sprinkling gravel
them
Amonge hem gravel springe, and in the foiles amongst
makes them
white. They are
192 Gravel be bounde, eke suche her seede may be
sometimes hard
Thai wexeth hardde, and sumtyme on the soile is through the fault
of the soil or the
season, hut every
It longe, or on the tyme ;
eke every foile is leaf ismade ten-
der if trans-
Maade tender twyes if it be transplanted. planted.
196 Now eommeth a crafte is worthi to been haunted.

29.

In letuce herbes umbigoon wol growe Herbs will grow

ainongstlettuces,
But ye must take a bay 1 of gootes dounge, 2 if you hollow a
bay of goat's
And with a nal as craftely as ye mowe dung with a nail,
and put in it
200 So make young seed ba- :

holowe, and putte in seedes yonge

it
silicon, radish,
rocket, lettuce,
Basilicon, radish, and rucul stronge, and cress, and set
this bay well
Letuce and cresse. and dounged weel this bay 3 dunged in fine
land.
Do sette it in as fyne lande as ye may.

30.

204 The raphe is roote, alle other in letuce Rape is a root,

the rest grow
with the lettuce,
Upgoothe and on high thai wol devyde
all
and when out of
the ground they
Yche herbe in his coloure, odour, and juce. will each preserve
its own colour,
Here is an heelful thing, a wonder wride ;
odour, and juice.
This is useful and
208 Yit odir men in other crafte abyde,
wide-spread, yet
others devise dif-
As for the same a letuce uppe thai plucke ferently : they
pluck a lettuce
And from his roote ich foile awaie thai crucke. and tear away
every leaf from
the root,
31.
and prick their
And pricke her place, and sette in hem thees place and set
these seeds in it,
212 The raphe outake, and lappe it faire in dounge except rape, and
lap it in dung,
And sette it uppe, thai goo iche as her seede is, and plant it; each
grows according
And letuce in thair leves umbiyonge. 4 to its seed, and
surrounds the let-
blessed God ! that nature is so stronge. tuce. Wonderful
is the power of
216 Letuce of lac derivyed is perchaunce ;
nature. Lettuce
is derived from
Ffor mylk it hath or yeveth abundaunce. lac, milk.

1 3
bacham. caprini stercoris. bacham. ambint.
52 CRESS, ROCKET, COLEWORT, AND SERVICE-APPLES.

32.

Cresses
may be
sown anywhere,
Now cresses sowe, and sette hem when the list ;

at any time, in Of places, aier, or houer have thai noo doubte.

any air; theyre-
quirenodunging, 220 Dounging thai noon desire,and though hem list
they like moist-
ure, but can do eke greet and stoute
without it. Treat Humor, thai axe it not,
rocket, colewort,
garlic, and ulpic
With letuce up thai goo, and all the route
in the same way.
Of rucul, serve it like this, cool also,
224 Garlic, ulpike, eke sowe hem nowe both two.

33.

Service trees to In Jane, in ffeveryere, and Marche in cold

be sown in Janu-
ary, February, or
Erthe, October and November in hoote
March, in cold
soil; in October
or November in Erthe, settyng of serves noble holde,
is
1
a warm, so that 228 So that thair apples riped with foothoote
their apples may
soon ripen in the The semynaire be sette in, eke I wote
mirsery.
Myself expert of apples trees have growe
Right faire, and brought uppe fruytes right ynowe.

34.

It is found good 232 Atte November to plannte hem in hoote londe

them in
to plant
November in hot In thende of March in colde in Janyver is
land, at the end
of March in cold, Andffeveryer in temper lande fonde
in February in
temperate soil.
Eight goode, and hilly moist lande colde welner is
Hilly, moist land,
almost cold, is 236 Thaire love, and fattest lande her grettest chere is.
their choice.
Where they grow Eke ther as serves feirest and thickest
thick the land
must be
certayne preef of lande fattest.
rich. is
Uppe springe

35.
The large plants
2
require a deeper The planntes bigge a depper delf desireth,
trench. They
grow more for 240 And larger space, as wynde may hem to shake,
being shaken by.
winds. If red
That greteth hem eke as the caas requireth ;
hairy worms feed
within the pith,
take some of
Yf hery wormes reede her festes make
them and burn unhurt the tree thou take
them without Inwith the pith,
hurting the tree,
and they will 244 Oute sum of hem, and brenne hem nygh beside,
either die or not
stay.
And either wol thai die or nought abyde.
2
e vestgio. robusti.
 TO MAKE SERVICE-TREES FRUITFUL. 53

36.

Yf thai nyl here, a wegge oute

1
of a bronde If it will not bear,
drive a wedge
Ywrought dryve in the roote, or sumdel froo wrought out of
a fire-brand into
248 Let diche and fild with asshen let it stonde, the root, or ditch
it, or heap up
Eke graffe hem. in Aprill is goode to doo
ashes round it.
Graft them in
In white thorne, in hemself, in quynce also, April on white-
thorn, or on
In trunke or rynde 2 her fruyte eke yf thou wolle
: themselves, or
quince, on the
252 Have kepte, a party hardde thou must hem trunk or rind.
pulle. If you wish them
to keep gather
them partly hard.
37.

And whan thai softe hem, putte in puttes lite When soft put
them in small
Of erthe, and cley her mouthes, sette hem depe earthen pots, clay
them over, and
Two foote and under sonne as thai delite, tread them down
in a hole two foot
256 And tradde hem fast above, and lete hem slepe ;
deep. You may
keep them slit
Eke slitte and sonne-dried thou maist hem kepe, and sun-dried,
and their flavour
And when the list in water hoote revire
3 will revive in hot
water.
Thai wol, and taste even as the list desire.

38.

260 Sum hem greene ypuld, and stoon and alle

have Some pull them
green and hang
Thai honge hem uppe in place opake 4 and drie them, stones and
all, in a dark, dry
And wyne mellite, as saide is, save hem shall ;
place. They are
said to make a
sweet wine, also
Aysell and wyne eke oute of hem men trie, they produce vin-
264 As oute of peres but if bookes lie. egar and wine,
unless books lie.
Almonds may be
Thyne almannd tree thou sette in Jannyver ; set in January or
And February, but
yet as goode for that is Feveryere.

39.

In October and November thai sette in dry places in

October or No-
268 Hem there as lande is drie as well the seedes vember set the
seed or scion from
As scions from the grettest roote ysette ;
the largest root.
Dig the seed-bed
But for this tree the semynair in dede is a-foot-and-a-half
deep, set them a
To delve a foote and half depe wherin need is handbreadth
deep, two feet
272 An handfull depe, two feet to sette asonder ;
asunder, towards
the south.
Eke south and sonne is goode to sette hem under.

cuneum. 2
cortice. revirere. derk.
54 MANAGEMENT OF ALMOND-TREES,

40.

They love chalky, The feldes calculose, eke harde and drie
hard, dry, soil,
1
and a hot cli- Thai and h attest ayer, forth! thai ripe
love,
mate as they
;

ripen quickly, 276 And floureth with eke of the yonge oute trie
;
transplant a few
young plants ; Oon here, oon there, and elles where hem dripe.
leave as many as
your land will Let stand as feel as thi lande begripe.
hold. Set only may
large new ones, Sette eke noon almondes but greet and newe,
and remove them
in February.
280 And hem is best in Feveryere remewe.

41.

Steep
mead a day
them in
he-
A day afore her setting, hem to stepe
fore setting, hut In meeth is goode, but watter it wel for this.
water it well.
Some keep them Muche hony might hem harme, and sum hem kepe
three nights in
liquid manure ; 284 Three nyght in molton 9 dounge, and doo not mys ;
the fourth night
they are steeped
in mead and set
The nnth nyght in meeth is steped is ;

in the seed-bed.
Thenne is it in the semynair ysowe
Or sette in goode tyme up shall it growe.

42.

Water them every 288 And watter hem every moon in droughtes thrie,
month three
times in drought ; Eke delve hem alle aboute and weede hem clene,
dig, and weed,
and dung them.
Plant them Dounge eke thi semynair to multiplie
twenty, or
least fifteen
at
feet
Hem in, but plante hem twenty foote atween,
apart.
vember cut off
In No- 292 Or at the leest asonder hem xvne .

the dry, super-

fluous
In November kytte of the bowes drie,
houghs.
Superfluent, and thicke, eke utter trie.

43.
If beasts bite
them they will be
bitter. Dig not
Yf beestes bite hem, bitter wol thai be,
round them when
they flower.
296 But mylge hem not in tymes when thai
3
floure,
They are fair
when fertile, and For therof wol anoone the blossom fle,
when they are
barren drive a Her fertile age is faire, and for the honoure
pin of a firebrand
through the root, The bareyne with a firebronde pyn socoure,
or insert a flint-
stone so that the 300 Dryve in the bored roote, or a flynte stoon
bark may grow
over it. So doo that him the bark may overgoone.

3
qma. liquide. circumfode.
 AND MODE OF GRAFTING THEM. 55

44.

In places colde if frottes be to doute, If there be fear

of frosts, Mar-
As Marcial tial says, make
saith, this is remedie. their roots bare
before flowering,
304 Or flouring tyme her rootes bare aboute and apply white
stones and gravel
To make, and stoones white accompanye to the root, and
when they blos-
With gravell to this roote forto plie ; som remove the
stones or gravel.
And whenne that burgyne oute wel like to preve,

308 Thees stones and gravel me may remeve.

45.

He saith also thaire tender fruite to make He also says, to

make them ten-
Or then thai floure, alle bare hem atte the roote, der, some days
before they
Warme wates certayne daies on hem slake, flower, let them
all have warm
312 And bitter yf thai be, this be thaire boote : water poured on
their roots ; and
Three fringers from the stocke the lande remote if they are bitter,
make a cave
Lete make a cave, evel humor oute to sweete, three fingers
from the stock,
for the evil hu-
And this wol oute of bitter make hem swete.
mours to sweat
into.

46.

316 Or bored through the stocke, an honyed pynne Or drive a wedge

smeared with ho-
Dryve in, or daube her roote in swyne dounge. ney through the
stock, or daub the
But whenne thair fruyte is ripe, as take it ynne, root with swine's
dung. Take in
And that is when thaire huske is drie and clonge ;
the fruit when
ripe, i.e., when
320 Withouten care a man may kepe hem longe ;
the husk
and sere. If the
is dry

And yf thaire huske of easily nyl goone, husk will not

5
come oft easily,
them in chaff.
Ley hem in chaf, and it wol of anoone. lay

47.
Washing them in
"Weshe hem in see licoure whenne thai be clene, sea-water or brine
makes them
324 Or water salt, and white thai longe endure. white. Graft al-
monds in Decem-
In December, or Janyveer demeane, ber or January,
but in cold lands
Or Feveryere in cold londe, a mesure in February,
whose grafts take
To graffe an almont tree whoos graffes pure from the top.
Graft them in the
328 Oute of the toppe, eke graffe in stocke or rynde stock or rind on
peaches or other
In peches, and eke in thaire propere kynde. almonds.
56 OF THE WALNUT.

48.

Greeks say we This Greekes sayne : almonndes me may make

may make al-
monds grow in- With
scribed with let-
lettresgrowe, her shelles to disclose
tersby taking out
the kernel and
332 And write upon the cornel hool outetake
writing on it, and Or this or that, and faire aboute it close
then closing it in
clay and swine's In cley and swynes dounge and so repose,
dung, and re-
The
placing it.
walnut is planted And in thaire fruyte thi lettres wol be clere.
in January.
336 The nutte is to be sette in Janyveer.

49.
They love hills,
and cold stony Moist, hilly, cold, and stony lande thai love,
land with moist-
ure ; they live With humoure eke thai lyve in tempre stedes.
also in temper-
ate places. Sow Eke sette hem so and thenne, as saide above
them in the
same manner as
340 Of the almonndes is, in November eke nede is
almonds. In No-
vember dry them To sunne and drie hem sumdel, also spede is
in the sun. In
January and Feb- In Janyver and fferyer to steepe
ruary it saves
time to steep them
one day before
Hem oon day into lande or then thei crepe.
they are put in
the ground.
50.
Sow them trans-
versely, one side 344 Sette hem transverse oon syde intort the grounde,
in the ground to
look towards the
north. Put a,
But sette thaire tree, to looke on the Aquylone ;

stone on a tile
under the root, A stoon or tyle under the roote enrounde,
that it may not
go down a mere That it goo nought douneright a stalk e alloone
stalk, but may
spread. They are 348 But sprede aboute eke gladder be ther noone
;

more luxuriant
transplanted. Then thai transplanted ofte, at three yere old
Transplant in hot
lands at three, in In hoote lande hem transplaunte, at tweyne in cold.
cold at two, years
old,
Leaving the root 51.
uncut, though in
other trees we cut
we must set
Thaire roote uncutte, yf other treen me cutte,
it;
one plant in ox-
dung and ashes 352 Oon plante in oon oxe dounge is doune to sette,
therewith to sep-
arate the heat of And askes with, the heete a part to putte
the dung, lest it
burn. The ashes Of dounge indoon, lest it adure 1 and lette.
will fret the ten-
der plant, or This aske in tender rynde a tree wol frette,
Immensity will
bring forth abun- 356 As men beleve, or fruytes densitee
dance from small
conceit. Fforth brynge on smal conceyve 3 immensitee. 8

brenne. 2 3
creature. supple Dei.
 TO KEEP THE NUTS WHEN RIPE. 57

52.
In delves 1 deepe is sette thair appetite They like deep
holes on account
Thaire magnitude a larger lande requireth. of their size, and
their dropping is
360 Eke to noo tree thaire dropping is delite, favourable to no
tree, even of their
Her brere thorne and her owne kynde it ireth
2 own kind. They
require milging
And in thaire age a mylging thay
8
desireth, (digging) in their
old age, lest they
Lest thai therein all hoore yberded goo become gray-
;
bearded. Make a
364 And chanel eke thaire tunicke unto the too. groove in them
from top to bot-
tom.
53.
The bonfice of sonne and wynde wol harde 4 Sun and wind
willharden those
Hem sure ynough that were in way to dede. that were near
dying. If the nut
And yf thi nutteknotty or to harde,
is be too hard, slit
its rind. Some
368 To slitte his rynde evel humours oute to lede, advise to cut the
root, and drive
The rootes forto croppe eke sum men rede. 5 a stake of box
through it, or an
A stake of boxe do thorough this bored roote iron or copper
nail.

An yren nayle or topton : here is boote.

54.

372 And yf thou wilt have nuttes tarentyne, For Tarentine

nuts wrap a ker-
6 nel in wool a-
Ffor antes lappe a kyrnel save in wolle,
gainst ants, and
And in thi semynary it recline ;
lay it into the
seed - bed. To
Eke chaunge a beryng nuttree if thou wolle change a bearing
tree into that
376 Into that kynde, as wete it atte the fulle kind, wet it thrice
every month for
a whole year in
Thrie every moone a yere in lie 7 allone,
lye.

And tarentyne his nuttes wex ichone.

55.
And when huske agooth hem thai beth
thaire ripe, When the husks
drop, they are
380 Eke so thai must be sette, and hem to kepe ripe : then set
them. Keep them
Lete close hem in a barel or a pipe in a barrel made
of their own
Made of thaire owen tree, or lette hem slepe wood, or in sand,
or chaff, or onions,
In greet, or chaf, or oynyons yf thai wepe,
ifthey be sour ;
or in their own
384 Ffor thai thaire bittre soure wol leaves.
mortifie,
Or kepe hem in her owen leves drie.

1 2 irritat. 3 4
scrobibus. gremii fossuram. durescere.
5 6 7
oonsulunt. formicas. lixivo.
58 TIME TO MARK ANIMALS.

56.
Martial says that And Marcial saithe mittes shelled greene,
nuts placed green
without shells in As greene, in hony putte, aier endure,
honey remain
green, and a drink
made of this li-
388 And drinke of this licoure wol cure up clene
quor will cure The pipes and the gomes, as is sure
the veins and
gums. Graft them This Marcial expert upon this cure.
on plums, or on
themselves, or on In plomtree, in thayme self, in crabbe tree
crabs in January.
392 At Janyveer ygraffed may thai be.

57.
Now graft tubers Nowe tuberes in quynces may me graffe,
on quinces, and
sow peach-stones ; Nowe sette in peches boon, now almounde tree
1

now almonds and

plums will take a
It
And plomtrees wol conceyve a peches graffe, 2
peach-graft.
may be grafted 396 In damacene eke graffed may it be,
alsoon damsons,
and on the vine In praecoqua the vyne eke men it se.
called prcecoqua.
Now graft cher- Nowe chiritree to graffe, and peches wilde
ries, wild peaches,
and plums before
they produce
And plumtree eree in gumme it goo with childe.
gum.
58.

Columella says 400 And nowe is tyme, as telleth Columelle,

this is the time
to mark lambs The lambes, and the beestes more and lesse
and other beasts,
to make sauces To marke, and rapes make wele to smelle
of rape, and to
keep the echinus, In condyment is nowe the tyme expresse.
or urchin-fish,
and lard and 404 Echinus, erchon fisshe is, as I gesse ;
bacon in just con-
fection. This fisshe, and lardde, and flitches salt to kepe
In just confection now taketh kepe.

In January oil of
59.
myrtle-berries is
made in this man- In Janus oil confecte of myrtes bay is
ner : take an
ounce of leaves,
a pound of oil, 408 In this maner : an unce of foiles take,
and shake an
ounce of berries A pounde of oyle, and x unce of this bay is,
in half a pint of
old wine, and In half a sexter aged wyne do shake,
make it all boil at
once. The wine And alle this thing to boile atte ones make.
prevents the
leaves from burn- 412 This wyne is in this werk lest foiles drie
ing away before
boiling. This boyling wolde eschewe, and brenne or frie.

3
stoon. surculum.
OIL AND WINE MADE OF MYRTLE, AND LAUREL, AND MASTICK. 59

60.
Now myrtite wyne is made of myrtes bayes, Myrtle wine
made by break-
is

Three sexter bales broke in x of wyne ing three sextarii

of berries in ten
of old wine. After
416 That aged is so steped xix dayes,
steeping nineteen
oute the myrte and dense days, strain off
Wrynge it, put therein the myrtle, and
A scriple of foil and half a scriple of fyn
put in a scruple
of leaves, and
half a scruple of
Saffron ;
to this x pounde hony sweete
of fine saffron ; add
ten pounds of best
420 And best, this wol be plesaunt drynke and sete.
honey.

61.

Of laures bay an oil is now confecte : To make laurel-

oil : take several
Take of the laures bayes feel and greete large.ripe, laurel,
berries ; throw
And ripe, in sething water hem dejecte,
them into boiling
water; after long
424 So lette hem sething longe tyme swete, boiling, collect
with a feather the
oil swimming on
And swymming oil doo gete
after that the
the surface.
Intosum thing with fetheres faire and clene,
And in sum goodly vessel it demene,

62.

428 Oil lentiscyne is made in this manere : Lentisck (mas-

tick) oil is made
Lentiskes greynes feele and ripe aslepe by letting several
ripe lentiscks heat
Thou bryng a day and nyght to heet yfere aday and anight;
;
then let them
The honging in a basket lete hem wepe, hang and drip
into a basket ;
catch the drip-
432 But in some honest thyng thaire teres kepe, pings, and mix
with hot water.
As oil lauryne is lentiscyne of take,
Whoos vigour hoot water must underslake.

63.

Now
hennes legge upon 1 thaire wynter rest ;
Now hens lay and
brood. Now is
2 the best time to
436 Nowe forto hatche are hennes obroode ;
fall timber, at the
end of the month.
Nowe make is to falle in season best
In the Author's
time and place
Pfor pale, or hegge, or house, or shippe in floode. the hours of this
month and De-
In olde eke of this moone is this most goode. cember were
equal.
440 This moon and December wer oon in space

Of houres in myne auctours tyme and place.

2
1
after. incubare.
60 THE LENGTH OF THE HOURS.

60.

The length of the The firste houre xxix foote is fixe,

shadow of the
hours of the civil xix ne an other houre, and thries v
day on the Ro-
man sun-dial in 444 The thridde houre is, the fourthe is twies vi ;
January.
The fifte is x, the sixte is ix asblyve,
The vii as v, and vm as iv 2 upthryve, 8
As in is nyne, as n is ten, 4 the forme 5
448 Thelleveth is
7
with, let Pallady say for me.

1
xii. 3 3 6
sc. xii, crescere. sc. priraa hora.
6 sc.
xi.
 FFEBERYERE.
BOOK THE THIED.

De pratis servandis et ktamine saturandis.

ON MANURING MEADOWS AND PLOUGHING HILLS.

1.

Atte ffeveryere in places temperate In temperate

places the mea-
The medes forto is to begynne, dows are to be
kepe kept clear in Feb-
And fede hem that be lene at poire astate ruary ; and lean,
poor land is to be
manured at the
4 With dung, as Luna gynneth wex and wynne
1

rise of the moon.

2
Upon the nyght; eke never gretter wynne
Is to the graffe ;
and ley it on the syde
3
Above, all thourgh that juce of it may glyde.

De proscindendis collibus.

2.

8 Atte places warme, in daies lithe and drie, Now is the time
to plough up
land in
Ys nowe the hilly landes uppe to eree, hilly
warm places, and
4 to sow all three-
Trymenstre seede in erthe is nowe to strie ;
monthly seed and
pulse in
Now wold also thi puls be sowen there loose, rich,
thin,
dry
soil.
12 As thynne, and resolute, and fatte it were;
And namely drie. Andwhi? Lest luxurie
And humour excessyve go make it die.
3.

Thay may be sowe until the moone be Let them sweat

in dry dung for
16 Atte daies xii ;
make hem greet
and forto four days, and
BOW a strike of
And uppe anoon, comyxt thou must hem se them for an acre.
Also sow chich-
With drie dounge, and therin lette hem sweet lings as
directed.
before

Till daies foure : as for au acre mete

20 A strike of hem. It shall be so sufficed.

And chiches sowe afore as I devysed.

1 2 Vel commoduum. Vel seminare.

fWlucrari.
62 TO SOW HEMP AND TARES.

De serendo canabo.
4.
At the end of the
month sowhemp, Last in this moone eke Hemp is to be sowe
six seeds in a
squarefoot. Now
In dounged, fatty, playne, weet, and depe lande ;

land that is des-

tined for medica, 24 A foote of square in sixe sedes may growe.
or clover (of
which I will in- No we londe, that medycyne is fore yfond,
form you at sow-
ing time) is to be ("Wherof atte sowyng hem to understande
diligently
ploughed, har- I wol ye doo) ye must it plowe eftesones,
rowed, and
cleared of stones. 28 Eke diligently elodde 1 it, pyke oute stones.
5.

By the first of In Marche kalendes in the soile ydight

March, in soil
prepared in gar- In gardyn wyse is floures forth to sprede
den-fashion, let
the flowers
spread in ten-
X foote, and stretche hem L feet forth right,
foot beds to the
32 Ffrom either syde all easely to weede,
length of fifty
feet for conveni-
ence of weeding And watter it as ofte as it is nede.
and watering. 3
Dress it with This land thus sette, old dounge is it to serve
dung, and keep
it so until April. And greythed thus til April! to reserve.

De hervo, de curandis mtibus et arboHbus.

6.

Tares sown in 36 Yit in this moone is forto sowe tares

March might
make beasts mad. And not in March, lest thay ennoie thi beestes,
Brine cast upon
the roots will not Thi oxen might be woode therof as hares.
injure vines, as
some sup pose,bu t
make them fruit-
Now olde bryne atte tree and vyne a feest is,
ful. 40 Uppon thaire root as ofte as eree it kest is.

Sum men suppose bryne hem sholde appeire,

But it wol make her fruytes feel and feir.

7.

Cast olive-dregs
Oyl dregges fresshe is profitable holde
amongst the
trees, especially 44 To kest amonge, and rathest in olyve ;
olives, in cold
days, ere the heat But this a man must doo in dayes colde,
arrives. Sow Ga-
latian barley
about the first of
Or thenne the fervour hoote on hem aryve.
March
land, and
in
it
cold
will
Now barly Galatyk is forto thryve,
grow white and 48 Abouten Marche kalendes yf me sowe
firm.

It in cold londe, white and sadde wol it growe.

1
F^occa. 2
F^with.
 TO ADAPT VINES TO THEIR PROPER SOILS. 63

8.

This moone eke the soiles pastynate

alle Any soil properly
prepared may in
With vynes wolde be fillde, whoose goode nature
this month re-
ceive vines. Plant
52 No lande nor ayer forsaketh, so thaire state the vine in the
plain that may
Be shaped in convenient mesure. endure mist and
frost, on hills
The vyne in playne is sette that may endure that which may
endure winds and
Eke myst and frost, but sette in hilles hie drought.

56 That wyndes may endure and dayes drie.

9.

Sette in the fertil feeld smale and fecounde, Set in rich soil
the small and
The sadde and beryng vynes in the lene, 1
fruitful; in poor
land the firm and
The bowy 2 bigge in densed erthe abounde, bearing ; the
branching in
dense earth the
60 And sonnest ripe in cloudy cold demeene,
early-ri
;

Or hardde graped stormes to sustene cold, misty

;
ground, or those
which have hard
The moist in hoote, the tough in wyndy londe, pips. Plant the
moist in hot land,
And vyne it drie, in rayne it may not stonde. the tough in
windy, and in
dry those which
10. cannot stand the
rain.
64 And shortte to sai, se the profession In short, note the
character of
Of every vyne, and wherin thai myscheve every vine, and
encounter its de-
As counter it by goode discrecion. fects by good dis-
cretion. It is easy
In lande plesaunt and serenous thai cheve, to prove that they
prosper in an ap-
68 In every kynde as easy is to preve. propriate and se-
rene soil. I will
The vynes' kyndes is not forto telle : not attempt to
number them.
To nomber hem therfore y nyl not dwelle.

11.

But knowe is this that grapes faire and greet Fair, large
grapes, with hard,
72 Pypyned hardde and drie it is to take dry pips, are best
for the table; but
Unto the borde and tender grapes weete
; tender, succulent
grapes of good
That savour best and sonnest wolde asslake flavour, and that
soonest fade, are
And dwyne awey, of hem thi wynes make. best to make wine.
Vines are changed
76 The place chaungeth kynde of sum vynes. bysite. Aminaean
make best wine.
Yyne Amynee hath ever fairest wynes.
1 2 frondosas.
sc. lande.
64 GREATER AND LESSER VINES.

They are always 12.

good, but en-
dure heat better
than cold ; and Thai change not, but better hoote then eolde
after being in fat
land, they will Thai may abyde and after fatte, in leene,
;
not hold on in
lean without 80 But dounging helpe hem well, thai nyl uot holde.
dung. There are
two kinds Two kyndes are of hem, a more and meene.
1

greater and less.

The lesser decays This meene effloureth sone, and knotteth clene
sooner, and has
clean small knots, And smale, eke greyneth lite in meene londe ;
and little grains.
When alone it 84 Allone, and with a tree fatte must it stonde.
requires a mode-
rate soil; when
trained to a tree
it requires a rich
13.
one.
It despises wind This smaller vyne eke hateth wynde and rayne ;
and rain ; but the
greater sort is The grettest of this Vynes Amynee
often killed in
blossoming. In blossomyng or flowryng ofte is slayne.
Apianian vines
are also excel- 88 Vyne Apianes profitable be.
lent. It is suffi-
cient to mention Suffice it forto name up thees three.
these. Aknowing
man adopts A witty man taketh preved thinge, and channge
things proved,
and will see that
the land to which
He maketh, that lande from lande be not to strange.
vines are trans-
planted does not
differ too much 14.
from the original
soil. 92 Suche erthe as thai come oute of sette hem too,
So they -will pre-
serve their And in thaire merites thai wol abyde.
merits. And al-
ways change And vyne or tree to channge yf thou wolt doo,
from poor land
to rich, not the From leene land to fatte thou must hem gide.
contrary. Take
scions from the 96 From fatte to leene is nought lette that crafte slyde.
;
middle, not too
high nor too low. Scions to sette oute of the myddel trie,
And neither of to lowe nor of to hie.

15.

Take them at the Take hem that gemmes 2 v or vi ascende

fifth or sixth knot
from the old 100 Ffro the elder brannche and yf thou take hem
; soo,
wood; so they
will not degener- Withouten channge hemself thai wol extende ;
ate. Take them
from a vine of
decided
A vyne abundant eke thou take hem froo,
fertility.
And take not hem that here a grape or two,
104 But hem that kneeleth down for ubertee.

Oon bough may better thenne an other be.

2
sc. minor. sc. knottes.
 TIME AND MANNER OF PLANTING VINES. 65

16.

And this a signe is of fertilitee :

It is a sign of fer-
-when fruit
tility
In places hardde yf fruytes multiplie, multiplies out of
hard soil, and
108 Iche bough eke from roote uptrailed be each bough, rises
from the root
with fruit. Try
With fruyte ;
and thoo lete marke and signifie to signify this by
marks at the time
Atte settyng tyme oute forto trie. of planting. But
see that none of
But see that ther be noon olde upon the ende, the old wood be
left upon the cut-
112 Pfor it wol roote, and alle corrupte and shende. ting, for it would
rot and i nj ure all.

17.

The squorges l hie and graffeslrom the folde, Fold from thee
(i.e. reject) the
2 and
Though thai wol growe, and scions pampinary top
grafts,
shoots
and let
With fruyte, for fruytfull lete hem not be told, not leafy scions
be considered
116 Ffor thai from fruyte to barynesse wol vary fruitful; for they
will degenerate,
and will
Whenne thai be sette, and then hem wol thou wary. you
curse them. Do
not bend the
But writhe not the hede of the sarment, head of a cutting.
Whenne it is sette, nor doo it noo turment.

18.

120 And vynes wolde be sette in plesaunt dayes Plant vines on

fine warm days,
And warme, unbrenned in sonnes or wynde before they are
burned by sun
As cutte and sette ;
or if thai have delaies, or wind. If there
be delay in plant-
So save hem moist that thai may kepe her kynde. ing them keep
them moist.
124 While spryngyng tyme endureth have in mynde During spring
bear in mind to
In places colde and moist and fatte by wette plant vines in
cold, moist, rich
places.
With shoures often vynes forto sette.

19.

The scions shall be sette a cubit longe ;

The scions to be
a cubit in length.
128 And there as lande is fatte doo sette hem wide. Where the soil is
fat set them wide
And thicke and leene lands so that amonge apart. In lean
land leave an
Hem in thi pastinated lande devyde open
three
space of
feet on
Three foote of open lande on everie syde every side. So
;
in a bed which
132 So shall thou in acre tabul mette measures an acre
you will plant

MMM and LX scions sette. 3060 scions.

8 foliosi.
flagilla.
66 VARIOUS KINDS NECESSARY.

20.
If they be planted
two-feet-and-a-
Two foote and halfe if thai be sette atwynne,
half
5006
asunder,
24 cuttings
V M 6 save twyes twelve
-will fill up an 136 Sarmentes wol
acre. And fille up the lande withinne
whether you
plough or dig
An acre table tilled by it selve :

your land, ex- And wethir thou thi landes eree or delve,
tend a line over
and along the
space reserved,
Overward and afterlonge extende a lyne,
and put a stick
where each vine 140 And putte a sticke in place of every vyne.
is to be.

21.

Then lay down Then kest adoune the scions here and there,
the scions and in-
sert one in the And ympe in oon in every stickes place.
place of every
stick. If all the Oon maner vyne yf alle thi landes here,
vines were of one
sort, a bad year
might destroy all.
144 A wicked yere myght come and alle difface ;

So take care to So dyvers vynes sette in divers space,

have four or five
good vines, each
sort by itself.
And vynes goode of iv or v have mynde,
And severed by hemself sette everie kynde.

22.

Graft old vines 148 Thi vynes olde eke graffe hem table mele; 1
bed by bed. Thus
the early ripe It wol be faire, it wol be profitable,
grapes may yield
us their fruit Thus easely thaire fruytes may me dele
easily in the bed,
and thus there The rathest riping grapes in thaire table,
will be better
wine
ness,
and busi-
as experi-
152 That other may come after as thai able ;

enced tillers Thus betterwyne and besinesse

know.
Shall be as knoweth tilliers expresse.

23.

This the rule

is But pastynyng and ereed londe
this in
where land is dug
or ploughed, and 156 Is rewle, and not there as be delves made.
not where it is
trenched. There Sarmentes there in angles mi stonde,
let cuttings stand
in the four cor- as saith Columelle, it is to glade
ners, and if the
And,
land be lean,
Hem, if the londe be leene in every slade,
Columella says,
gladden it with 160 With fatte erthe, yf me fetche it elleswhere
rich earth from
elsewhere.
Ffro places ferre or nygh, and brynge it there.

1
tabillatim.
 HOW TO MAKE GROVES. 6WI

24.
l
Wyndraf goode is comixt with dounge,
also Grape-skins may
be mixed with
But yf thou sette a plant or a slevyng, the dung. Put a
little damp mould

164 Put in a litel moisty molde amonge, with a set or cut-

ting, but no clay.
It good to
But doo noo cley therto for anything.
is
leave two buds to
Two gemmes 2 upon erthe eke forto springe sprout. Now we
speak of groves.
To leve(s) is goode ;
the sonner wol thai take.
168 No we cometh a crafte arbustes 3 forto make.

De arbustis, vitibus et plantis arborum mtiferarum.

If you wish to
25. have a grove of
vines, set plants
That yf the list to have a grove of vynes, in a seed-bed, but
choose them from
Lete plantes in the seminarie a generous vine,
sette, and when they
have grown a
But trie hem oute of it that gentil vine is. let them
little,
be planted out so
172 And whenne thai roote and wexe a litel grete, as to stand near
the tree which is
To stande aboute her tree lete hem be sette. to support them.
The seed-bed is
The semynair is even dolven londe land dug evenly
to the depth of
Two foote and half deepe planntes in to stande. 2& feet.

26.
In it place your
176 In that thi scions or thi planntes may scions or plants
with a small space
Be sette a little asonder, gemmes 4 three between. The
scions should
Of scions under moolde is sette alway. have three buds
under ground.
And yeres two whenne that thai rooted be, Transplant scions
and trees two
180 Translate hem be thai scions, be thai tree. years after strik-
ing root. It is
The scabby braunches and the wexed rootes beneficial against
divers harms to
To cut away for dyvers harmes boote is. cut away scabby
branches and en-
larged roots.
27.
In one trench
Two scions in oon diche 5 it is to sette
place two scions
so that they do
184 That neither oth'r touch a sounder soo not touch each
other, but let
Thaire growing forto encumb'r or to lette, them be close to
the sides of the
But faire up by the sydes lette hem goo. trench. Mago
6 advises not to fill
The first yere fille it not, as saith Mago, it up the first
year, but fill it
188 But fille it full uppe at the yer(d)es end ; up at the year's
end.
The depper wol the roote of hem descende.

2 8 * 6 ille auctor.
vinacea. knottes. arbusta. yointes. Sc. delve.
68 HOW TO TRAIN VINES TO TREES.

28.

But this is con- But this is in hoote lande convenient

venient in hot
land, not in cold.
There moisture
And not in colde, thair moist wol purifie ; (putrify)
will the
rot
192 The rootes hele hem there is myn entente.
plants: and there
I advise to cover
the roots. Choose
And planntes forto sette also thou trie.
for planting the
ash, poplar and
Asshe, popler, elm, thoo three wol multiplie,
elm.
As semeth me, in every maid lande.
196 Tit Columelle is so not understande.

29.

Their plants Her plantes in this moone it is to sette

should be set in
this month near Not thy vyne, and in thi felde
ferre for corne
your vine, and in
corn-land an elm If thai be sette, a XL foote of mette
should he 40 feet
away from an- 200 Iche elme away from oth'r must be borne.
other. But in
poor land plant So may thou sowe, and not thi seede be lorne,
them 20 feet a-
part. In landes fatte and yf thi lande be leene,
;

Thenne sette hem not but xxt! foote atwene.

30.

A scion should be
six feet from its
204 A scion sette it vi feet from the tree,
tree, lest the tree Lest that the tree encrece, and it oppresse,
grow and oppress
it. It should be Prom beestes kept with dichyng must it be ;
kept from beasts
by a ditch. The The vyne eke to the tree with bondes dresse.
Tine must be
fastened to a tree.
A better plan is
208 A bettir crafte is for this besinesse
to make a skep make a skeppe
(or basket) a foot
Lette of twygge a foote in brede,
wide, or some- And sumdel lesse alle it be, noo drede.
what less. though

31.

Bring this near This bring unto the tree with vynes spredde,
the tree to which
vines are tied ; 212 And thorowe the bo thorn therof make a gappe,
make a hole in
the bottom, that That thorowe that gappe a scion may be ledde.
a scion may be
trained through This (s)keppe unto the tree thou bynde and happe,
it ; fasten this
skep
and
to the tree,
with
fill it
And fille it with quyk moolde, and therin wrappe
quick mould, and 216 This scion in the skeppe a lite ywounde 1
wrap the scion
in it.
Or writhed in this litel skeppe grounde.

1
Vel intortum.
 PROVINCIAL VINES. 69

32.
Within a yer weel rooted wol it be Within a year it
will be rooted
.

In with this skeppe, under whoos bothom sholde within the gkep,
from under which
220 Hit be so kytte and borne unto the tree it should be cut
and taken to the
Ther it shal growe, and set it faire in moolde, tree where it is
to grow. Setskep
The skeppe and and all in the
all, so wol it take and holde,
ground, and
doubtless it will
Withouten doute, as fele as er the list.
take, and bear as
224 Doo serve hem and in thaire growyng triste.
many vines as
thus, you like.

'De vineis provincialibus,

33. Provincial vines

are of divers
Provyncial of dyvers kynde of vynys
is : kinds. The best
is where the vine
The best is like a bosshe ythied breefe. is like a bush with
a short thigh.
Till it be stronge, susteigned first this vyne is,
This vine is sup-
ported till it be
228 And stronge allone it stonte in his bonechief. strong, and when
strong itstands
Next beth borne up vynes best of preef,
it alone. Next are
vines tied up on
canes and cir-
Upbounde, orbicular, and turnede rounde. cular. Last are
And last is it that streght lithe on the grounde. those that lie on
the ground.

De putandis vineis comrmmibus et humilibus,

34.
232 In landes temporate and sumdel cold In temperate and
cold lands it is
Good tyme is nowe the vynes kitte to be. now time to prune
vines. But where
And there thai multiplie manyfold, there are several,
cut in spring
Thoo vynes that Septentrion dothe se those that look
towards the
236 To kutte in springing tyme ains the; north; in autumn
those that look
That oth(e)r part that loketh on the sonne southward.

To cutte in hervest newe is not begonne,

35.
And strength allway the theigh in the kytting.
Always
strengthen the
240 Two hardness in oon vyne is not to make. thigh. Keep not
two arms (dura-
The menta)in one vine.
crooked, febul, fatte, and mys growing, Take out crooked,
fat, mis-
And eke the greyne branche away thou take.
feeble,
shapen, green
branches. Allow
The lower branche in goodly place awake, the lower branch,
growing in a good
244 Let suffre that a gemme or two extende, soil, to extend a
bud or two to
The vynes to repaire or forto amende. repair the vine.
70 DIRECTIONS FOR PRUNING VINES.

36.
In mild places
In easy places hier may thai traile,
they may be high ;
on lean lands, or
hot, steep, stormy
In lene, or hoote, declyne, or stormy stedys
places, low. In
rich soils there 248 Lete hem be lowe also this wol advaile.
;
is no need of
more than two In place fatte of iche an arm no nede is
branches to each
arm. It is pro- Of branche moo than two. Also it spede is
fitable to judge
a vine's strength, To deme upon the bygnesse of the vyne,
what will make
t stand or fall. 252 As what wol make it stande, and what declyne.

37.
It is enough for The vyne hie and of fecunditee
the high and
fruitful vine to
In brannches vm ynough is to dilate,
spread into eight
branches. Let
Aboute his thegh 1 lette noo thing growing be,
nothing grow
about its thigh,
unless the vine-
256 But yf it axe to be revocate,
yard require to And yf
be restored. If the the stok be holgh or concavate,
stock be hollow,
cut off the dead Purge of the dede, oildregges on the wounde
wood. Oil-dregs
will heal the With erthe ydoon wol hele it uppe by grounde.
wound effectu-
ally.

Take away the

torn and hanging 260 And take awaie the torne and honging rynde,
bark, and there
will be fewer The dregges wol the fewer be by grounde,
dregs in the wine.
Take away the The mosse awaie doo that where ye fynde,
moss also, and if
you have to cut And in the harde if that thou make a wounde,
the hard wood,
let the wound 264 Adounewarde sumdel lenyng must it rounde,
lean downward
obliquely and be The clawes drie and scabbed olde busely
round. Cut off
dry, scabby, and
old claws (roots).
Kytte all away, and kepe up that is wely.

39.
Vines four feet
high may have And if thi footes iv ascende,
four arms: a lean vynes
one may have one
branch on each 268 Thenne armes iv is goode forth forto
streyue,
arm, a fat one
two. But if you yf it be lene in iche an arme extende,
train them all on
one side, they will A branche, if it be fatte, extend up tweyne.
die like a thing
struck by light- But alle oute of oon syde if thou hem treyne,
ning. Do away,
therefore, with 272 As thing with leyt 2 forsmitten, wol thai die,
that feeble hus-
bandry. For thi doo way that feble husbondrie.

1
F^crus. fulgwre.
 PRUNING GROVES. 71

40.

the harde, or on the toppe ne leve 1 Do not leave the

Upon scions on the hard
wood or on the
Thi scions. "Whi ? for that is to feconde.
top for that will
;

2 furnish the top

276 The toppe with litel fruyt wol all for leve. with little fruit,
or cover all -with,
Amyddes wol the best scions be founde. leaves. Scions are
best in the middle.
A lite gemme eke make the wounde,
above his Make the wound
a little above the
And from the gemme in caas it wepe
turne it ; bud, and turn it
away from the
280 The turnyng may the teres under drepe. bud, that the
tears may drip
under it.

De putacione arbusti.
41.
The vyne Prune the new
ysette into the tree to growe, wood at the first
His first matier at the thridde or secounde, or second bud.
But to have fewer
Gemme is and everie yere alowe
to cutte, but larger grapes,
lead up the vine
to the tree's top.
284 It up to encrece, and wynes forto abounde,
Yf thou wolt have on bowes hem fecounde.
But fewer forto have and gretter wynes
Into thi trees toppe lede uppe thi vynes.

42.
288 In bigger bowes fele, and fainter fewe The branches that
bore the former
Brannches doo traile, and cutte hem bei this reason year ought to be
cut the succeed-
To that the grapes were uppon by rewe ing season. It re-
freshes the vines
The forme yere, now cutte hem this season. to unbind them
every year.
292 The rainal from the fressher bough to leson
Ys goode, and everie yere hem forto unbinde
Is comforte and refresshing to thaire kynde.

43.

And make Let not one bough

the tree that euerie bough extende be led in the line
296 of another. An
By oth'r forth as lyne leide be lyne. elm may be eight
An elm in fatte lande vm feet may ascende, feet in rich land,
seven in poor. In
In lene lande atte vn him declyne. damp land let the
branches of the
tree for vines be
In dewy, clowdy lande thi tree for vyne trained east and
west, and the
300 Kytte it that est and west his bowes ronne. sides of the vine
be towards the
The vynes sides bete uppon the sonne.
2
Vel dimittas. Vel pampinare.
72 TO PRUNE PROVINCIAL AND YOUNG VINES.

44.
Let not the vine To thicke uppon the tree doo not the vyne,
grow too thick.
If one tree fail
rear up another.
And yf oon faille, up reree an oth'r tree ;

On hillyground 304 And make hem lough in cleves that declyne,

make them low ;

in plain and rank

land they may be
In plaine or ronke lande hier may thai be,
higher. Let there But bondes harde in vyne is not to se.
be no hard shreds.
Do bondes softe and esy forto were
308 Theron, lest bondes harde it kerbe or tere.

De putaeione provineialium vitium.

To vines dight
45.
in provincial
fashion, which A dight vyne in provinciale manere,
stand up like a
bush, leave four That like a bosshe upstonte, mi armes make,
arms, and as
many shoots as And brannches leve on hem as thai may here.
possible. Cut in
the ordinary form 312 The vyne orbiculer with canne or stake
those which are
borne on canes in
a circle. Leave
Upborne, in commune fourme her cuttyng take.
two buds the first The streght vyne on the grounde gemmes twoo
year on vines
yere leef, and after mo and moo.
which lie straight The frist
(unsupported) on
the ground.
De novettce putaeione.

46.
Columella would
have ayoungvine 316 A novel vyne, as telleth Columelle,
after the first year
formed to one After the formest yere to oon matiere
wood; and not,
according to (The) fourme is
goode, and not as oth^r telle,
others, cut down
at the end of the The seconnde yer to kytte of alle yfere,
second year, so
that it either dies 320 That thai or dede, or pampinary, were :
or becomes leafy.
Better leave a But better is to lette a gemme or twoo.
bud or two, es-
pecially in large In bigger vynes rather this is do.
vines.

Support them 47.

with canes or
and after
stakes,
three years give hem uppe with canne and litel
Ffirst helpe stakes,
them strong
wood. At four 324 And yeve hem streng yeres after three.
years, in strong
land, they take
At yeres mi uppe in matiers takes
three woods. The
loppings, and On hem, alle ronk yf that the landes be.
briars and roots
and all impedi- The brannches eke kitte of fro vyne or tree,
ments, should be
taken immedi- 328 And brere, and roote, and alle
impediment
ately out of the
way of the digger. In haast is from the delver to been hent.
 ON LAYERS AND GRAFTS. 73

De propaginibus.
48. Now Tines are to
be propagated.
1
ETowe husbondrie his olde vynes plecheth. Old, hard, worn
out vines are not
The long endured, olde, for freeten vyne benefitted, says
Columella, by
332 Is not to helpe, as Columelle techeth, digging them all
in, but by bend-
To delve it under alle, but to reclyne ing them like a
bow, and burying
the ends in the
It like abowe, and under lande it myne. he
ground :
for,
says, if the stock
Ffor, as he saithe, the cors I delve in grounde, be dug in, there
will be too many
336 The rootes wol abounde and alle confounde. roots.

49.
He saithe also that after yeres tweyne These bows, he
says, in two years
This bowes into brannches wol abounde, will grow into
branches. But
tillers complain
But tiliers upon this thing compleyne :
that if they be
cut down after
340 That if me cutte hem after the secounde the second win ter
wol be seke and in the grounde they will be sickly
Wynter, thai and their roots
will die.
Her rootes faile, and sodainly thai die.

Ffor graffyng now cometh crafty husbondrie,

De insitionibus.

50.
344 As in this moone in places warm and glade
There are three
modes of graft-
Thi it is to solemnyse, ing, two of which
graffing goode are to be done
Three maner graffynges be made, now the third
may in
;

summer. Some
on the
An tweyne of hem is now to do the gyse, graft
stock, some under
the bark, others
348 In somer doon the thridde hath his devyse,
by plastering,
Oon in the stok, oon graffeth under rynde ;

Emplastering an oth^r dothe in kynde.

51.
Graft under the
Thus under the rynde a bough or tree,
graffe
bark where there
is no scar or
352 There cicatrice is noon but plaine and clene. mark, saw it
without bruising
So sawe it that the bark unbresed be, the bark, and
smooth it with a
And smothe it after with thi knyves kene. sharp knife, put
a wedge of bone
A wegge of boone or yron putte
bytwene
or iron between
the bark and the
tree three fingers
356 The bark and tree welnygh 111 fingers depe deep, with care,
to keep the bark
Avisily, the rynde unhurte to kepe. unhurt.
1
propagat.
74 CAUTIONS TO BE OBSERVED IN GRAFTING.

Take out the 52.

wedge and slip
in the graft, one
half being cut, Oute with this wegge, in with a graffe anoon,
and the pith and
the bark being That oon half cutte, the pith hool and the rynde
whole on the
other half, and 360 Upon that other half, and uppe to goon
it is its nature to
rise over the head Ouer the hede two handbrede is his kynde.
of the tree two
hand-breadths. With risshes and with stren me must hem hynde,
And in or nn, as wol thi stok suffice,
364 Asondered fyngers mi is to devyse.

53.

Let the graff be Do clay uppon, and mose it alle ahoute,

a handbreadth
above the clay And bynde it to so that the graffe stonde
and moss. Others
bind it tight and An
handbrede up the messe and clay withoute.
sharpen it.
368 And other bynde it straitly with sum bonnde,
And in the cloven hedes forto stonde,
Thai graffes doon on either side & shave
Sharppe as a wegge, her pith so that thai save.

54.

There must be a 372 A wegge in it there must be put aforne,

wedge, which,
pulled out, the That, it, puld oute, the tree theron may chinge.
earth will ching
(<^y. cling) to the This either crafte for springing tyme is borne,
graft.
And worcheth while the moone is in springinge,
376 Whenne gynneth swelle in burgynynge.
graffes
Ffertil and frisshe eke knotty sprongen newe

Thi graffes be, so that estwarde thai grewe.

55.

A graft to be as The graffes be thi litel finger g(r)ette,

large as the little
finger, with seve- 380 And forked as with forkes oon or two
ral buds, cut from
a young tree near
the ground.
With gemmes fele aboute on hem ysette.
The yonger tree the better wol it doo.
But nygh the grounde it must be cutte, and so
384 Sette in the graffe atwixe his tree and rinde,
And as is taught afore, is it to bynde.
 DIFFERENT METHODS. 75

56.

Ane oth^r take a Others make the

graffe of that greetnesse bark of the graft
As is the stocke, that thai
devyde. wol frist correspond with
the bark of the
388 This unto that wol thai shappe and dresse
graffe
tree.

That bark with bark acorde on either side.

They cley arid bynde it wel, but forto abyde
And growe it helpeth wel to doo goode lande
392 The stock aboute, until the graffe upstande.

57.

A diligent husbonde enformed me, A skilful hus-

That doutlesse every graffyng wol comprende. bandman told me
every graft would
take if untem-
TJntempered lyme yf with the graffes be pered lime were
396 Put in the plages there thai shall descende, put in the wound.

He saide her either sappe wol condescende

Unto that mene, and glewe hemself yfere
In mariage ymixt as though thai were.

58.

400 Of emplastrynge is after in his moone; Of plaistering it

will be spoken
Eke Columelle hath told an other crafte afterwards in the
proper month.
To graffe ;
unto the pith it is to doone, Columella has
another method-
A tree to bore and se nothing be lefte

404 Inwith this bore, and thenne a graffes shafte

Of vyne or tree with gemmes oon or two
By even mete unto that bore ydoo.

59.

With clay and mosse it cloos advysely. A Spaniard

taught me a
408 Thus in an elm a man may graffe a vyne. strange mode,
which, he said, 1
A Spaniald taught me wonder gisily might be sure of,
as he had tried
To graffe, and bade metheron not divyne. it often. Taking
a branch of wil-
In peches it was preved tymes ixne , low,

412 As forto take an arme greet withi bough

Two cubette longe or more and sadde ynough.
76 TO MAKE OLIVE YARDS.

60.

he said, I must He saide amyddes thorowe I must it bore, 1

bore it in the
middle, and cut And ther it growed croppe a plante of peche,
a peach plant
where it grew, 416 And there uppon let slippe adowne that bore 3
and put the two
ends of it into the That either hede into the lande forth reche.
bore, and clay
and and
bind
moss,
it.
Bende as a bowe, or vynes that men pleche,
And cleme it, mose it, bynde it softe aboute.
420 Quod, he thus wol it growe it is noo doute.

61.

After a year the A yere agoone, thai two wol joine as oon,
two will unite,
and fruit without Thenne cutte away the roote under the bowe,
stones will grow
on it. The willow And ley goode erthe on everie side, and on
loves moisture
and to make other 424 Withouten bones fruyt theron wol growe.
trees fruitful.
In places moist and ronke is moost to trowe
Upon this crafte for withi loveth wete,
:

And children on an oth'r tree to gete,

62,
Olive yards to he 428 This moone in places temporate olyve
made this month
in temperate In pastyne, or in tables brinkes sette,
places.
Or in thaire groundes, beth to growe and thrive.
And oute of thi pastyne if thai be fette,
432 The hed and everie bough or smal or grette
Kitte of; a cubit and an handful longe
Thai must be sette if they shal have noo wronge.

63.

Cut off
every dry Shouve a stake afore, and in doo kest
part and cover
the heads with 436 Sum barly seede, and kitte of everie drie,
clay or moss, and
bind them. Let
the same side
Her hedes and mose, and bind hem fest.
turn towards the The same side uppon the south to wrie,
south as did be-
fore.
As dede beforne, is holden husbondrie.
440 Let sette hem feete a sonder thries v, 3
4
Or twies x, as best is hem to thrive.

2 3
penetrare. foramen. XV.
 VARIETIES OF OLIVES. 77

64.

Plucke uppe iche weede aboute, at everie reyne

Do delve up smal the moolde of every roote,
444 Let mynge it wel, and putte it on ayeine,
And more a litel herre upon it wrote. higher.

But in his place if thou wolt have him soote,

Lande, mixt with cley, or sondly cley, fatte sonde,
448 Lande thicke and quicke, is goode in hem to stonde.

65.
1
The potter's clay, the wlonk, or sondy lene, Potter's clay, and
marshy or sandy
And naked cley nvs nought though it take,
: for. soil is useless,
and where oak or
It wol not cleve ;
eke there as ook hath bene crab trees have
been. Olives pre-
452 Or it forsake. fer ground be-
crabtree, the olyves
J tween north and
The rootes wol thaire oile or slen or slake. south.

Northwarde of fervent grounde, southward of colde,

And enter both of hilly lande thai wolde.

66.

456 Her baies names : oon is Pausia, Pausia, orchis,

Kadius. Sergia,
An other Orchas, then is Eadius, comminia,
names of
etc.,
olive
berries.
Licinia, Sergy, Comminia,
And many moo calde oth'r way then thus,
460 Whoos names shal unwriten be for us.

Oil Pausia, while it is greene, is best,

But sone in age it is corrupt and lest.

67.

Licinia her oil is best atte alle, Let the larger

berries be kept
464 But Sergia hath moost in quamtee. for table, the
smaller for oil.
Suffice of hem to saie in general,

The grettest for the horde preserved be,

The smallest for thine oil ykepte thou se.

468 There corne is, sette hem xv foote atwene,

And xxv there as lande is lene.

1
uliginosa.
 78 PROPER SITUATION AND TREATMENT.

68.
Place them
W.S.W. in
And West Southweste hem forto order best is,
trenches dug 3ft.
deep. If there
In delves drie and footes mi depe
are no beasts, let
the plants scarce
472 Idolve ;
and if the place is saaf for bestes
appear above Unneth oute
ground, but let
of the lande thou lete hem crepe.
them be higher
where beasts are.
And elles herree hem selven forto kepe
Ffrom bestes byte, and ther as wanteth stonys.
476 Cley mixt with donnge in settyn with hem doon is.

69.
In dry places, There raynes faile, and lande is over drie,
where there are
plants,
boughs of
plant
olive
And nedeth to be wette and bere olyve,
or six feet
five
long, and trans-
And plannte is noon hem with to multiplie,
plant in five years. 480 Lette sette into thi
semynary blyve
Olyves bowes vi feet longe or v.
And v yere olde transplante hem in this moone
To places colde, as best it is to doone.

70.

Many have taken 484 I knowe hem that have take olyves yonge,
young olives from
woods or deserts, This wey 1 is light and more utilitee,
and planted them
a cubit long. In wodes or desertes uppe yspronge,
Kitte and sette a cubit long to be,
488 And plantes fele have spronge of suche a tree.
But in the semynairie moost thai roote
With dounge and moolde admixt unto thaire roote.

De pomiferis arboribus in generali.

71.

We shall speak Now appultreen towarde Septentrion

by and bye of
every kind of 492 In pastyne is the season to dispose,
apple-tree. Land
that is good for That by and by shal of be saide Ichone.
vines is good for
them. Save top Lande that
and bottom in
is goode for vynes may be chose
Betting them. As goode for hem but XXXM footes pose
:

496 Iche order of from other :

croppe and tail

To save in setting hem is thyne advail.

interpositio.
 LOOSENING THE SOIL ROUND TREES AND PLANTS. 79

72.

Yeve every kynde an order by him selve, Plant trees of

the same kind by
Lest myghti treen the smal downe oppresse ;
themselves.
Transplant them
500 And as the plantes growed, so thou delve in the same di-
rection as they
Hem nppe, and so to stand ayeine hem dresse ;
stood.

Efrom clif to playne, from lene unto fatnesse,

Ffrom dried lande to moiste is hem to bringe.

504 Transplant hem so, and sone up wol thai springe.

73.

The stocke, if thou wolt set it, doo to stonde Let the stock he
3ft. high. Do not
Three foote in heght, and plantes forto sette set two plants in
one hole. Co-
Tweyne in oon delve is not to take on honde lumella says nuts
grow best from.
508 Ffor wormes, and lest either oth'r lette.
In places drie also thai must be wette.
Yit Columelle he saithe of seedes sowe
Or nuttes wol best bering treen up growe.

De vitibus et plantis circumfodiendis.

74.

512 No we by the see coste and in hoote countree Now dig or

plough round
The vynes delve or cree, as is to doon, vines by the sea-
coast, and dungr
Now staked and upbounden wol thai be. vines at the
waning of the
Olyves nowe and oth'r treen ichone moon.

516 Do dounge hem in decresinge of the moone,

The gretter tree, the gretter quantitee
Therof, and half so moche a litel tree.

75.

Ffrist from the roote abate of alle the moolde The plants in the
nursery should
520 And mynge it weel with dounge, and kest it on now be dug about,
and superfluous
Ayaine. Eke in the seminary sholde branches and use-
less roots exit off
The plantes now be mylged everichone, to avoid hinder-
ing fertility.
And brannches now superfluent of gone,
524 And rootes smale of noon utilitee

Cutte of for lettyng of fertilitee.

80 KOSARIES, BULBS, AND FLAX.

76.

Rose-beds to be This moone is make

eke the rosaries to
made this month
with sets. The With setes, or me may here sedes sowe.
1

seeds are little

berries like pears, 528 The floure me with the roos is not to take
which are brown
when ripe. But baies, that as litel peres growe ;

By broune coloure and softenesse is to knowe

Yf thai be ripe. Eke now is to repare
532 Bosaries olde, and drynesse of to pare.

77.

Dig round them, No we 2

unbydelve hem, and if thai be rare,
and if they are
thin, plant more. Me may hem thicke, enducyng planntes moo,
With crafte eke roses erly riped are.

536 Tweyne handbrede of aboute her rootes doo

A delvyng make, and every day thereto
Doo water warme. Now hilly bulbes sowe
Or sette, and wede hem that of rather growe.

78.

Be careful to 540 In wedyng hem thou must be diligent

weed them. Sep-
arate small bulbs Ffor hurtyng of her bulbe, or of her eye.
from the mother-
plant. But bulbes smale uppe from her moder hent
Let putte in oth'r lande to multiplie.
544 The violet to plannte is nowe to trie.
Now saffron bulbes beth to sette or sowe,

Or subtillie to delve, if that thai growe,

79.

Sow linseed in Nowe sum in soile ydounged lynseede sowe,

rich land ten
bushels
acre
to an
and place
548 X busshels serveth for an acre lande.
;

reeds in shallow Pful subtil flaxe and smal therof wol growe,
holes half a foot
apart. And also thicke and longe as it may stande.

Cannetes 3 nowe with craftes may be fande.

552 In delves breef this cannes eyon doo,
And iche half a foote his felawe froo.

2 3 canneta.
plantas. circumfodias.
 GARDEN HEDGES. 81

80.
In places drie and hoote me must assigne Give them a moist
mould, not too
Hem mooldes moist, and ther as it is colde. wet nor too dry,
but benign.
556 To weet is nought ;
to drie is nought ; benynynge Sprinkle aspara-
gus seed amongst
Is goode, so that the towne water doune folde them.

Streght hem amonge. Sperages seede eke holde

Is goode hem with, with hem to springe.
560 Ffor Cannes and sperage have oon tillynge.

81.

Cannetes olde eke tyme is nowe to wede, Weed and cut off
obstructions
And of to kytte it that thaire roote uneseth, from the root, and
remove the eye-
And hem that rote or crokydly precede. less plants. Plant
willows, etc., for
564 The barein eyles canne their service.
also displeseth.
Make or till beds
Now wylous, busshes, bromes, thing that eseth
of myrtle.

Let plannte and nowe of mirte and laures baies

;

To make or tile a seminary day is.

1

De Ortis et diversis herbis.

82.
568 And atte this moones Idus is goode houre Make garden
hedges in the
To make a gardaine hegge, as is beforne middle of March ,
as you were told
Itaught, when the was saide in fitches floure to keep the seed
of briar and
The seede to keepe of brere and houndes thorne. hound'sthorn in
flour of vetches.
572 Ffor hegges made of it shall not be torne. Sow lettuce to
plant out in April.
The Greek saithe of scions of fatty brere
As vynes sette, an hegge a man may rere.

83.
But everie day me must it delve and weete Trefoil, cress, co-
riander, poppy,
576 Until it take. Eke letuce is nowe sowe, and savoury to be
sown now.
In Aprill it to plannte in other lete.

Nowe trefull, cresse, and coriander growe,

Nowe popy seede in grounde is goode to throwe.
580 Now savery seede in fatte undounged londe
Dooth weel, and nygh the see best wol it stonde.

tempus est.
8-3 ON ONIONS AND DILL.

84.

Onions
sown
may
in spring
be Smal onyons be with it, or by hem selve
or autumn. I sowe ;
eke hem in veer and in harvest
Grown from seed
they will have a 584 Thai sowe, whoos seede in moolde if that me delve,
small body and
great head. The body smal, the hede wol be grettest.
But onyons as for seede to sette is best.
The hede wol dwyne awaie as it wolde die,

588 The croppe encrece, and seedes multiplie.

85.

Weeds and roots Ffate lande ydounged moist and wel ywrought
to be taken care-
fully out of an
Onyons desire. In it lete beddes make
onion bed. Sown
at the new moon Iche herbe and roote oute of it fetely sought.
they will be large,
at the full moon
email and bitter.
592 A plesannte day and clere to sowe in take,
And grettest wol the growyng moone hem make
And sweet ynough the wanyng of the moone
;

Wol make hem smale and bitter everichoone.

86.

Pluck off the 596 Let hem be thynne ynough, and weede hem ofte,
leaves from the
top to make their And if the list her hedes forto swelle,
heads swell. If
you wish for seeds Plucke of the foiles alle aboute on lofte.
prop them up.
When ripe they So wol the juce inwith her hedes dwelle,
become black.
600 And thai that shall of seedes bere a belle,

Let raile hem uppe, and when thaire seedes blake,

That thai be ripe of that a signe is take.

87.

Dill may now be Half drie up plucke hem, in the sonne hem drie.
sown in any cli-
mate. Water it 604 "Now dile in places eolde is goode to sowe,
in dry weather,
but weed it sel- Hit may with everie ayer under the skye.
dom. Some think
that no bird will Gladder it is there warmer wyndes blowe,
harm it.
And water hem yf shoures be to slowe.
608 But wede hem seld. Eke sum have this bileve,
1
That bare ylefte there shall noo foul it greve.
 ON CABBAGES. 83

88.

lete sowe it nowe, and cool sede bothe, Sow mustard and
Senvey colewort in rich
And when the list, weelwrought fatte lande thai love,land not sandy.
No rain will in-
612 And sondy cley gravelous thai lothe. jure them. A
south aspect
But yf it reyned day and nyght above brings them
sooner than a
Ther may noo wether harme hem, nor remove. northern.

But sette hem southwarde sonner wol thai preve,

616 Septentrion wol make hem latter cheve.

89.

But there 1 thai wol be greet and savoure well. They like hills
and rich land,
The clyf thai love and fatte ydounged londe, but it must be al-
wayswell weeded.
And weded well itmot ben everidell, To make them
white, sift ground
620 Eke sumdel ferre asonder must thai stonde. glass on them
when they have
To make hem hoor as frost eke crafte is fonde : three or four
leaves.
Let grounden glasse goo sifte on hem aboute,
When thaire trefoil or quaterfoil is oute.

90.

624 This wol hem make in vigoure long dwelle, Columella would
wrap their roots
And forto seethe eke tender wol thai be. in sea-weed to
keep them green.
To holde hem grene, eke chargeth Columelle Set them far
apart,that though
Thaire rootes in see froth wrapped to se, it be long ere they
take root, they
628 And therwithall of dounge a quantitee. may be stronger.
And sette hem greet aparty, for though longe
Or then thai taked be, thai wol be stronge*

91.

In winter sette hem in a warme day ; They will spread

more widely if
632 In summer whenne the sonne gothe to rest ;
you cover them.
And hele her lande the wyder wol thai splay. turns to rape. In
the middle of
Gold brassic seede to rape eschaungeth fest. March BOW
spungy roots of
And nygh this moones Idus eke is best asparagus, or
make new beds
636 Sponge of Sperage or newe of seedes fourme, of seed.

Or olde as newe me may sette and refounne.

in Septentrion.
84 ASPARAGUS, MALLOWS, CHERVIL, ETC.

92.

Asparagus
will
seeds Me semeth this is good and profitable.
multiply
where every- "Wild asperages rootes trie
thing else dies. many
Burn them every 640 Into erthe
year in bundles
ytilde, or stony lande is able
(scopes).
Ynough for hem : for thai wol multiplie
There as all other treen and herbes deye,
And every yere in scopes hem to brenne,
644 And thicker, gretter, s wetter wol up renne.

93.
1
Mallow, mint,
and pars-
Nowe malowe is sowe, and myntes plannte or roote
fennel,
nips sown or In places moist, or water nygh is sowe.
planted this
month. Now dounged fatte lande axeth thai to roote ;*

648 So it be gladde ;
eke fenel wol up growe,
So it be gladde ;
in stony lande ythrowe

Persnepes sede ;
or planntes fatte and rare

Pastyned depe ysette in this moone are.

94.

Marjoram, and 652 Now cunula is sowe and hath culture

chervil, and bete
3
to be sown : the As onyons or garlec, and now cerfoil
last to be trans-
planted when it After this moones Idus doo thi cure
has four or five
leaves. To sowe and moist y dounged soil.
in fatte

656 No we betes sowe, and synk or quaterfoil

Transplannte, and somer thorough hem me sowe,
In fatte lande moist ydounged wol thai growe.

95.

Make the roots The rootes wolde in dounge ydipped be,

feast on dung.
To make leeks 660 And delve hem ofte, and make hem feeste of dounge,
frough (or ten-
der) cut off the And now thi leek ysowen is to se.
blades as they re-
main two months To make hem frough, kytte of the blades longe
in their bed.

Right as thai growyng beth n monethes yonge,

664 And right ther in her beddes leve hem dwelle.
Yet oth'rwise enfourmeth Columelle.
1 2 radicare. 3
radicem. cerefolium.
 THE CHIBOL AND COLOCASIA. 85

96.

And when ye plannte it, dounge and water doo To make them
grow to head, sow
Therto but heded yf thou list it have,
;
in spring, and
transplant in Oc-
668 In veer lete sowe, in October goo too toher,

And transplannte it ;
fatte londes wol it crave,

Plaine, dolven deep and dounged best it save ;

And weede it ofte. Eke thicke ysowe is frough,

672 And rare ysowe is heded greet and tough.

97.

A finger greet is rounde ynough to sette, when they are an

inch round. Satu-
And in the myddes cut of every blade ;
rate the roots all
round with dung,
The rootes eke cutte and umbiwette and loosen the
ground with a
676 With dounge is goode her sprynging forto glade. spade, and set
them a span
An hand asonder sette hem with thi spade. apart.

And whenne thai rooteth, raise hem with thi hande,

That thai suspense a partie so may stande.

98.

680 So wol thou finde a space under thaire roote Plant many seeds
together, and
And heded full, eke forto make hem greet, they will grow
into one root
Doo seedes fele yfere, and thai wol roote together. They
will grow faster
Yfere, and in oon body wol thai greet, if no iron be

684 And rape seed into thaire hedes geet.

All yronles wol make hem growe faste,
And ofte ydoon, tjie faster wol thai haste.

99.

The chibol now, ther as cannetes growe, The chibol

(inula) is grown
688 His eyen 1 sowe of cutte as is the reed, 3 from eyes cut off.
The bulbs of the
All softely in the dolven lande hem throwe, Colocasia (Egyp-
tian bean) to be
And sowe hem by a lyne other a threed. planted this
month.
Three feet to stande a sonder is her speed.
692 The bulbes of calcases settyng sone
In landes moiste and fatte is goode this moone.

1
oculos. 8 calamus.
 ON PEAR-TREES.

100.
They grow best Thai sette nought by the ayres qualitee,
near a well. They
last almost for
ever if defended
And gladde be thai to stande aboute awelle
from cold. Cum- 696 That humour ever thaire boteler be.
min and anise to may
be sown now.
Ffrom hem yf thou defende eke coldes felle
In thaire growyng almoost they ever dwelle.
Nowe comyn and aneyse is fatte ysowe
700 In dounged lande and weeded wel to growe.

De diversis arboribm in pomario.

101.
Thfe pear-tree to The peretree plannte is sette in places cold
be planted in
cold places in Atte ffeveryere, and there as is a warmer ayer
February ; in a
warmer soil in In Novemb'r ; and then eke goode is holde
November.
704 To graffe hem thir moist erthe is her goode leire ;

So shall the fruyte be greet, and floures feire.

Thai in such erthe as vynes love abounde,

Ffatte landemaketh mighty treen and right fecounde.

102.
A stony pear is 708 A stannry pere
1
saide to channge is mete
is
said to change
its flavour if it In easy lande ygraffed if he be :

be grafted into
generous land. It Hit is but happe of plannte a tree to gete.
is a chance if you
obtain a tree from And if thou wilt take of a gentil tree
a plant.
712 Not wilde atte alle withoute asperitee,

When it is two yere olde or in, to thrive,

Goode is to sette it as men sette olyve.

103.
Pear? will also But sette hem rooted wel in delves wyde
grow from seed.
We need not 716 III foote or mi and cropped feire,
in heght,
despair though
nature be slow. With cley and mosse her hedes hode and hide.
To her eternity
delay is not tedi- Eke seedes so wen peres wol repeire.
Nature such it is not to dispiere
720 Late yf she be : for targyng may not be
Ffastidiose in her eternitee.

lapidosum.
 TO GRAFT PEARS AND CURE THEM. 87

104.

But longe it is a man theron to dwelle. But rather than

wait so long it is
Thaire noblesse eke thai wol departe froo. better to graft
them on wild
724 Therfore is better doo as I wol telle :
trees in Novem-
ber.
In Novemb'r the wilde tree to doo

Be graffed first sette and rooted to,

In delves large ynough and dolven deep,

728 That rootes easily may under creep.

105.

Do grafie hem in hemself, and thai wol be If grafted on

their own stocks
Tender and sweete ;
eke thai may not endure. they will be
tender and sweet,
And if me graffe hem in an other tree, but will not keep.
Grafted on an-
732 The lenger wol thai last in lesse cure. other tree they
will last longer.
And xxx* foote asonder for lesure
1 To dig them often
is so good,
Is hem to sette. Eke humour is availle

To hem, and delve hem ofte is goode travaille.

106.

736 It is so goode that in the blossomynge that a tree so

managed will not
She wol not lese a floure that forth is brought. lose a flower in
blossoming. If ox-
The delver is to help her with delvynge, dung be spread
about the roots,
And every oth'r yere she wolde be wrought the fruits will be
firm and strong.
740 With spade, and dounge is therto to be sought.
Oxe dounge about her rootes yf that me trete,
The pomes sadde and brawny wol it gete.

107.

And sum also dooth askes with this dounge. Some mix ashes
therewith to im-
744 Thai seyne therof ther wol goode taste arise. prove the flavour.
It is too long to
The kynde of hem to telle it is to longe, tell their varie-
ties. Asick pear-
not in dyvers gise. tree should have
"While thaire tillinge is
it roots bared, be

The heled in this wyse. bored through,

peretree seek is and have a pin
driven
748 Let make it bare, and bore it thorowe the roote,
in.

And drive a pynne therm wol doon it boote.

88 TO PREVENT THE BLOSSOM REMAINING TOO LONG ON THE TREE.

108.

Another cure is Or elles thus : let bore it thorowe the stock,

to bore the stock
and drive in it a And doo therin a pynne made of a bronde,
pin made of a
brand, or, failing 752 And if the wanteth that, take of an ooke,
that, of an oak,
and there will be
no worms if bul-
And wormes wol ther noon in it be fonde,
lock's gall be Yf ofte uppon the rootes as thai stonde
poured upon the
roots.
To prevent their
The boles galle enfused be ;
and more
blossoming too
756 Ffor blossomynge to longe is herof lore.
long,

109.

pour wine-dregs Of wynes olde it is to take dregges,

three days on the
roots of the trees. The dregges must be newe, and daies three
Infounde hem on thi trees feet and legges,
760 So wol the blossom parte from the tree.

And lapidose if that thi peres be

Let voide all erthe and stones from the roote,
And sifte in oth'r erthe : and this is boote.

110.

Graft pears in 764 But wete it ofteand longe, or this is nought.

February and
March, as shewn To graffe is goode in Marche and ffeveryere.
before.
Grafting may be Howe forto graffe afore is must be sought
done, according
to Virgil, on the In rinde and stok for graffyng the manere.
melo (apple), al-
mond and thorn, 768 Ther is also grafting in trees sere,
fold (mountain
ash), ash, etc. As melo, almonde, and thorn, as saith Yirgile,
1
Foolde, ashes, quynce, and ponyk cleef his stile.

111.

The pear-tree to The peretree graffe ygraffed forto be

be grafted before
the longest day 772 Er thenne the day be lengest oon yere olde
must be a year
old, and first re- Must been, and or me sette him in the tree
move the stalks
and leaves. The tendron and the leves of thou folde.

But when the daies gynneth shortte and colde,

776 Then graffe hem that the tender croppes bere,
And graffing is for every manner pere.

Orno, fraxino, cydonis, punico findc lignum.

 DIFFERENT MODES OF PRESERVING PEARS. 89

112.

To make a savery pere and weel smellinge Pears for pre-

serving are to be
In dales feire and wanyng of the moone, gathered by hand
from the 22nd to
780 Prom xxii dayes olde wanynge the 8th, all of
one sort, and be-
Till dayes Tin with hande it is to doone tween the hours
of 7 and 10, and
That fruyt be puled, and of oon kynde aloone 2 and 5. Take
out your pears
From vn unto x, from n til Y, these six hours.

784 Thees houres 6 outetake thi peres blyve.

113.

So thai be drie, and not caduc and harde, Place them dry,
hard, sound, and
And hool, and sumdel greene, and then hem doo greenish in a
pitched vessel,
In sum vessel pitched wel upwarde. and keep them
underground
788 The bothom doo this vessel closed soo. near a running
stream.
And where a place is with a brooke through goo,
Continully there hide hem in the grounde.
For peres yit an other crafte is founde.

114.

792 As forto pulle hem hardde of flessh and skynne Another plan is
to gather them
And keep hem uppe but when thai gynneth softe,
: hard, and keep
them till they be-
Let take an erthen potte, and putte hem ynne, come soft; then
put them in a pan
And pitche it fast, and cley it wel clofte, well pitched, and
clay it at the top,
796 And delve it under moplde, in with thi crofte and bury it with-
in your garden.
There as the sunne all day uppon it shyne.
And sum in wheete or chaff wol hem reclyne.

115.

And other take hem tough and fast encloos Others lay them
in sand in the
800 Hem in a potte ypitched or with cley sun; others put
them in honey,
Ystopped fast, and in the sonde dispose slicing the pears
and taking out
It in the sonne, and other men wol ley pips.

Her peres tough in hony so that they

804 Ne touche not, eke peres men devide

And pike awey the greyne of every syde.
90 TO MAKE PERRY, KTr.

116.

Others put them And piked so in sonnes hem they drie.

into s; it water
which has been Oon boileth water salt and skommeth clene,
boiled and
skimmed, and 808 Therinto colde his peres wol he trie,
then lay them in
a pitched pot. Or
macerate them a
Then into a pitched potte he wol hem glene ;

day and a night Or salt water oon day and nyght hem lene, 1
in salt water, and
keep in bragot, Then fresshe water two daies on hem steep,
wine, or mead.
812 In bragot then or wyne or meeth hem kepe.

117.

Pear -wine is Of peres wyne is made, if thai be grounde

made by strain-
ing them through And thorough a rare saak with fors ywronge.
a fine sack.
Summer will Yit somer wol it soure and so confounde,
make it sour.
Winter will 816 And winter wol endure and kepe it longe.
harden it and
make it keep. Of peres soure and wilde it is noo wronge
Vinegar is made
yf that thai be
of pears
ripe
kept in heaps for
Aysell to bringe, all ripe
three days. Ytake and kepte upheped daies three.

118.

Cover them in a 820 Then in a vessel se that thai be doo,

vessel with rain
or well-water for And water with of rayne or of the welle,
thirty days.
Then hele it feire, or se that it be soo,
And xxx daies therin lette hem dwelle.
824 Now aisel take unto thine use, or selle.

But se what quantitee therof thou take

With water up the summe ayenie thou make.

119.

To make casti- And make liquamen eastimoniall

monial liquor :

take ripe pears, 828 Of peres thus take peres right mature
:

whole, with salt,

place them in And with hool salt, and hem [and] fleshhe and all,
clean jars, or sus-
pend them after When thai been resolute, in stondes peres (pure)
three months in
earthen pots well Or erthen pottes pitched save and sure,
pitched.
832 And afterin monethes do hem suspende,
And right goode licoure of hem wol descende.

maccrant.
 TREATMENT OF APPLE-TREES. 91

120.

His taste is goode, and whitisshe his coloure. To improve the

colour, when the
Ffor that when salt and it is doon yfere, salt is mixed with
add black wine.
it,
836 A blakkishe wyne commixt it dothe socoure. Graft apples in
February and
And in the moones of Marche and ffeveryere March.

The meles graffed heth, but there as clere

Is aier, and hoote, and drie. It may be doo
840 In October and November also.

121.

Her kyndes forto write I wol not waste. Men must -water
them in clay or
Fatte lande thai love, and moiste in nature. gravel. In hills
it is best if they
In cley, or in gravel men mosten haaste use to set them
on the south.
844 To water hem ofte : in hilles is to cure
To set hem on the Southe if thai shall ure.
Thai growe also in places colde, if the aier

Be sumdel warme and helping to thair laier.

122.

848 Also thai growe in places hardde and wete, In dry, lean soil,
apples become
And wormy wol thai be in drie and lene ; wormy. Not al-
lowing spade or
And hem to graff as peres me may trete. plough, they do
better in
The plough or spade aboute hem be not sene, meadows.

852 Fforthi the bette in medes may thai bene.

And dounge, alle though thai noon or litel crave,
Yit gladly wol thai take, and gladly have.

123.

And namely askes medled therwith alle They like ashes

mixed with dung,
856 Thai loveth, eke to dwell in region also a temperate
climate, and the
There as the heet is neith'r greet ne small, cutting off of
boughs whieh are
Eke thai be apte unto putacion dry or of foul
growth. The tree
Of bowes drie or foule elacion. soon grows old.

860 This tree is olde anoon, and in his age

He goothe oute of his kynde into dotage.
 ON PRESERVING APPLES.

124.
To prevent apples Caduce that the fruyte be, cleef the roote,
if
falling, cleave the
root. To prevent
their rotting,
And putte in hit a stoone, and it wol dwelle.
touch them with 864 For rotyng of the croppe the galle is boote
the gall of a newt.
Worms in apples
To touch hem with of neutes grene, eke quelle
are killed by a
mixture of swines
dung with ox-
Her wormes thus : take swynes dounge, and melle
gatL
It with uryne of man or oxes galle,
868 And meles wormes this wol sleen hem alle.

125.
Or strap them Yf wormes feel uppon hem be withoute
off with a strap
of brass, and
plaister dung,'
A strap e of braas let strape hem of therwith,
upon the wound. And cleme uppon the wounde oxe dounge aboute ;

872 And ovre thicke yf that the fruytes beth,

Plucke of the feble fruyte, as reason seth,
Hem to discharge, and juce it then wol dresse
It into thayme that are of gentilnesse.

126.

Graft apples on 876 In peretree, thorn, in plumme, and apple tree

pears, plums,
apple-trees, ser- In serve, and peche, in plane and popule,
vice-trees, wil-
lows, etc. Keep In wylous may this meles graffed be,
them in a dark
place out of the But trie hem wel that shal be kept over yere
wind, and put
;

straw upon the

crate under them
880 Let ley hem derk as wynde may not come nere.
with a little
space between
And do feire stree uppon thaire fleyke hem under 1

the heaps.
On hepes save a litel space asonder,

127.
Different pei'sona These heepes must me nowe and nowe devide.
keep them in
different ways. 884 Yit beth ther dyvers folk sayen dyvers wyse.
Stick the stalks
in clay, and lay
them on a floor
And oon in pitched ppttes wol hem hyde,
strewed with
chaff.
And other hath of cley an oth'r
gyse.
Yit hath the thridde of hem a fresshe devyse.
888 Oonly the litel feet 2 to cleme in cley
And on a floor with chaf bystrowed ley.
1 2
crate. pediculos.
 CYDER AND VINEGAR. 93

128.

And theruppon thai cover hem with stre. Apples called

orbicular keep
The meles rounde, ycalde orbiculer,
well for a year.
Others preserve
892 "Withouten care a yere them in water;
may keped be. and others pick
the
And other drenche hem in the water clere hand,
apples by

Of cisterne, or of wynche yclosed nere,

In erthen pottes pitched atte the fulle,
896 And other meles wol with handes pulle,

129.

And dippe her litel feet

1
in pitche alle warme, and dip the stalks
in warm pitclj,
And so in order ley hem on a table, and lay them
under the leaves
And rnittre leves under wol not harme. of the nut-tree, or
shavings (scobes)
900 Eke populer or fir is profitable of fir or poplar.

To make and ley among hem scobes able,

And lether petifeet dounwarde be wende,
And tonche hem not until thai shal be spende.

130.

904 Aisel and wyne of meles me may make I have seen plants
of the quince in
As is above enfourmed of the pere. Italy, near the
city, set in Feb-
To graffe a quynce is dyvers tyme ytake. ruary.

Thaire planntes I have sayen in Ytail here

908 The Citee nygh ysette in ffeveryere,
Or of the fronnte of Marche in dounged moolde,
So that thai rooted were, and right wel holde.

131.

Holde have thai so that in the yere secounde They have borne
fruit in the se-
912 Ffruyt have thai hadde yf that me sette hem greet, ?
on ? yea
g
t

In thende of Octob'r thai wol abounde, must have mois-

ture.
Or sone in Novemb'r yf that me trete

Hem into place of drynesse and of hete.

916 But ther as drie it is thay must be wette.
Thai love in colde and moist eke to be sette.

pediculos.
94 ON QUINCES.

132.

They bear quickly Thai bere anoon in places temperate,

in temperate
places on hills
and plains. Men
And
forth thai come in cleves and in planys.
graft from their 920 Thai love lande devexe and inclinate.
tops and their
stock, but that
work seldom
Men graffeth of thaire toppes and thair tranys ;

avails.
That werk or seelde availle, or sone yslayne is.

And wide hem so that though the wynd hem shake,

924 Noo droop of oon until an other take.

133.

Add ashes and Yf thai be smalesette, helpe hem with dounge,

chalk to large
plants. Constant Yf thai be greet, askes and shalkes do to. 1
moisture will en-
large them. Atte ones serve hem thus in all yere longe.
928 Eterne 2 humour wol greet hem, and also
Hit wol hem ripe sone, and yf thaire no
Reyne be, me muste hem wete and umbydelve,
That doon, let God therwith alone him selve.

134.

Unless they are 932 Atte Marche or Feveryere in landes colde,

dug at the right
time, otherwise Atte Octob'r or Novemb'r in hete,
we shall get no
fruit. I promise But thai be delven aboute as thai wolde,
you I have proved
that if they are
cut they will be
Other me shal of hem noo fruytes gete,
free from vice. 3
936 Or oute of kynde; also that I you hete
Y preved have, ykette if that thai be,
Thai wol been oute of vice in libertee.

135.

If the tree be The tree is seek, oildregges watermynge

sick, pour on the
roots oil - dregs 940 Yliche of either, helde it to the roote.
mixed with water
in equal quanti- Or let quyk lyme with chalk resolvyng synge,
ties. Or resin
mixed with tar Or resyne 4 mixt with taar 5 that is so soote.
doth boot (good).
Ennointe aboute of this, for this doothe boothe.
944 Or make the rootes bare, and ley aroute
Of quynces to, to go the roote aboute.

1 2 3 * 6
misce. continuus. promitto. resina. pice liquida.
 METHODS OF PRESERVING THEM. 95

136.

Do this from yere to yere, and thai be saf It will, on the

other hand, pre-
Ffor vice eke ther ayeine thai nyl not dure.
;
vent their en-
during long.
948 In every ere this quynces is to graffe,
if

The rynde as in the stok is not so sure

Hem into graffe, and graifyng to assure

In hem of everie fruyte,

1
punyk and serve*
952 And appletreen eke hest for hem thai serve.

137.

Thaire yonge treen, ther juce is, in the rynde Graft young trees
in the bark, old
Is goode to graffe, and old if that thai be, ones at the root.
There are divers
To graffe atte the roote it is her kynde ways of keeping
them: first be-
956 Ther as the soil as well the bark as tree tween two tiles

Hath benefited with humyditee.

Hem ripe ypulde men kepe in dyvers wise.
And first of tiles tweyne is oon devyse :

138.

960 Do hem betwene, and cley it every side, covered with clay
and laid in defnt-
Or in defrute or passe. Sethe hem feire tum or paswm.
Others wrap
The grettest wol an other out devyde, many pairs of
them in fig-
And in figtrees leves many a peire 3 leaves.

964 He wolde do folde of hem, so nyl thai peire.*

An other wol in places drie enclude

Hem, and the wynde and aiers bothe exclude.

139.

He wol with iver 5 or with reed 6 devyde Another will di-

vide them into
968 Hem uppon HIT, and take away the core, four parts with
ivory or cane, and
And into a potful hony let hem slide : put them into a
pot full of honey.
He dothe hem hool in hony lesse and more. Some keep them
in millet or chaff.
But ripe ynongh beth best this keping fore.
972 And sum in mylde, 7 and sum ychaved deep,
And sum in swete wynes wol hem kepe.

6 '
pumci. sorhi. pan a. perire. ebore. canna. milio.
96 ON MULBERRY-TREES.

140.

Another encloses Oon with his muste hem closeth in the tonne ;
them in a tun
with must. Now
and in November
An oth'r saithe that in a panne all newe
transplant carob- 976 Doo hem with dried cley and thai be wonne.
trees.
Nowe and in Novemb'r is to renewe
1
The Siliqua in planntes and seedes trewe.
Hit loveth places nygh the See syde,
980 And places hardde and drie, eke feeldes wyde.

141.

Experte am I that thai in places warme

Wol best abounde ywattered if thai be,
Plant their stems
in large trenches.
Thaire palmes forto sette it dooth (a)noon harme,
984 But delves large ynough for hem thou se.
Now graffe hem in the plumme 2 and almond tree.
The fruit keeps This fmyt
long if spread in
is longe ykepte withouten drede,
In fleykes yf that men list hem sprede.
large layers. feire

142.

Mulberries grown 988 Molberytree wol growe uppe of his seede,

from seed, but
more quickly But bough and fruyte wol turne oute of his kynde.
from truncheons.
The croppe or talions to graffe is speed,
But talions 3 the better me shall finde
992 On eith'r half made smothe, unhurt the rynde
As in a graffe, and umbigoone with dounge.
And se that thai been ichone oo 4 foote longe.

143.

To hem first make redy place, and when

sette

996 Me setteth hem mynge askes with the moolde,

And handbrede in the lande be hidde, and then
Here, i.e. in Italy, Saye God save all ! In Marche and nowe thai wolde
graft mulberries
in March. In Be graffed here, and ferther froo the colde
warmer places in
October or No- 1000 In thende of Octob'r, or in the toppe 5
vember.
Of Novemb'r in the lande is hem to stoppe.

* 8 talias. * 6 initio.
a roaner tree. pruno. Orig. sesquipedalibna.
 MANAGEMENT OF MULBERRY-TREES. 97

144.

Hit loveth places hoote and ful of sande Mulberries

scarcely take root
And nygh the see, not stony lande, ne cley. in clay. After
three years cut
1004 Unneth in it thai take a foote to stande, off the dross and
dry wood.
Much humour dooth hem woo, but glad be they
With delvyng and dounging, soothe to
ofte sey.
And
after yeres three the drosse and drie

1008 Doo kitte it of, and thai wol multiplie.

145.

In Octob'r or Novemb'r lette sette February and

March are better
The planntes bigge ; and, tender yf thai be, for weak plants.
Make the holes
This Eeveryere and Marche is for hem bette. deep and a space
between that the
1012 Thaire delves deep and rowme asonder the, shade of one
stretch not to
That shades 1 stretche not froo tree to tree. another, bore
them through
Eke as me saithe thai wol be faire, and bringe
Up fruite ynough by connyng of boring.

146.

1016 Let bore hem thorough the bodie here and there, the stocks, and
put a wedge or
And putte in everie hole a wegge or pynne, pin in every hole.
Pour fresh dregs
A birchen here, a terebynten there. of old wine on
the roots.
And whenne kalende of Octob'r cometh inne,
1020 Make bare his rootes right unto the skynne.
Old wynes dregges fresshe on hem infounde,
And thai wol be the fressher and fecounde.

147.

In figtree, in hemself under the rynde Grafts take on

the elm, but grow
1024 Me may hem graffe, and in an elm thai take; over large. Nuts
will now grow
But in this Elm thai greteth 2 oute of kynde. into a walnut-
tree, but I know
A walnuttree thaire nuttes no we wol make, from experience
that are
plants
Two finger deep in erthe is hem to stake. best.

1028 Experte am I fhaire planntes best to growe,

But sette hem nowe, eke now thaire nuttes sowe.
1
umbre. grandescunt.
98 MYX, MASTIC, MEDLARS, ETO.

148.
wet, lean land is and lenyssh, sandy lande is best
"Weet, colde,
1
They ripen about Ffor hem. and thai been ripe atte Jules nonys.
the nones of
July. NOW plant 1032 IS"ow cumels of mvxe it is to kest
kernels of myx
(qy. damsons) in In moulde in sum vessell so feel atte onys
a pot, as many
as may sprout. As wel may spire, and when thaire
spir up goone is,
"Warme
aier, molsh lande, and humour moderate,
1036 Let plannte hem ther, and uppe gothe thair astate.

149.
2
Graft them in He may ont graffe atte Marche in thorn and serve.
March on thorn
or service-tree. Eke tuberes nowe sowe and graffe, and nowe
It is beneficial to
plant and giaft
the masfcck.
The benes hardde of mastic tree wol serve 3
1040 Ysowe. Eke hem to plannte and graffe is prowe.*
The meddeler to graffe eke tolde is ho we.
Now plummes bones and figges are
In tempre land ysette a party rare.

150.
Almonds are sewn 1044 Nowe serve 5 is sette, almonnde in lande is sowe,
early in temper*
ate soil ; later in Eke rathe in tempre lande, late in chill vng. 6
cold. They are
6
fore ISe^buds
"^" en Sran?e nem no we thaire graffes buddes 7 ungrowe ;

germinate. And now 8

pistace hath planntyng or graffinge,
1048 Chastene also ; juglande in lande now sprynge.
Eke graffe hem nowe, now for pynappultree

The colde or weetisshe 9 lande most sowen be.

De education e porcorum.
151.
The best boars Nowe bores 10 gladly brymmeth. Chese a bore
for breeming are
great -
bodied, 1052 Greet bodied, side, and wyde, eke ratber rounde
ample, -wide,
U d th Then long, eke hipped greet, and wombed hoor,
hi ? and wh5e
bellies, etc. And huge-snouted, shorte, his necke abounde
With fattes 11 feel, his stones greet and sotinde.
1056 And from oon yere until he come atte fyve
He wol do well ynough, and often wyve.

8 3 4 6 6
nonas. sorbo. servrie. utile. sorbus. frigido.
7 s 9 10 ll
germinibus. pistacia. humecto. yerres. glandulis.
 ON PIGS. 99

152.
The sowes chese of longest syde, 1
is to The sows should
be large-bellied,
In other thinges take her like a boore pendent,vast the;

black -haired in
1060 So thai be wombed wel, dependannt, syde, 2 cold countries ;
white and all
That likely is for greet and mighty stoore. colours thrive in
warm places.
The hered blake in cold countree, the hoore
And 3
every hewe to have in places warme
1064 Is indistinctly good, and may not harme.

153.
The femal shal til vn yere suffice The sow breeds
from two to seven
To here, and oon yere olde she wol conceyve, years of age.
They litter after

And, monethes mi ydone, it is thaire gise four months. If

you eat or sell
1068 To pigge, and in this point thay nyl deceyve. the pigs, the
sooner will they
Thees if me spend e, or
mynt
4
for them receyve,
breem again.

The sonner wol they brymme ayeine and brynge

Forth pigges moo. Now herbes for hem springe.

154.
1072 A man may have hem in every lande, They do better
in miry land, es-
But bette in myri feeldes then in dri, pecially where
woods are, some
And moost thaire fructifying wodes stande, of whose fruit
remains. some
Wherof sum fruyte wol targe 5 and sum wol hie.' hastens to fall.

1076 Eke lande is goode ther herbes multiplie.

The rootes eke of rede 7 and risshe thay ete.
When winter sleeth thaire fedyng, yeve hem rneete.

155.

Mast, chastene, yeve hem pugges of thi corne ;

Give them mast,
chesnuts, and re-
1080 Hem that beth melch in veer novelles grene fuse of corn.
Young plants
Beth nought to feede her cotes 8 make beforne
;
that are milky in
spring are injuri-
Under sum porche, and parte hem so betwene ous. Make their
sties beforehand.
That every stye 9 a moder wol sustene,
1084 That with her wombe her pigges doth from cold;
But make it that me may on hem behold.
1 8
latus. 3 * 8
profunde. color. monetary!. tardare.
8
festinare. cannarum. aras. 9
ara.
100 MYRTITE AND TIHIAC WINE.

156.
1
Lettheswineherd
see to the number.
Thy swon may se thaire nomb'r and up save
Columella says The oppressed pigge and TIII wol Columelle
;
eight. I say six.
I have seen too 1088 A soowe up bryng. I saie vi is to have
many weaken or
kill the sow.
Ynough, and that is over spende or selle.
Ffele I have seyn 2 thair dammes feynt or quelle.
3
Thi vyne swyne wol delve after vyndage,

1092 As diligent as delvers for thaire wages.

De vino myrtite.
157.
To make myrtite Sone in this moone eke myrtite is to make
wine, mix six
sectarii of wine Sex sester old wyne do to mirtes bayes
with five pounds
of myrtle-berries.
Add a basket of
V pounde, and hem togeder alle to shake,

palms and five 1096 And shake hem daily xxn daies;
pounds of honey.
A skeppe of palme thenne after to surtray is.

This wyne v pounde of fyne hony therto

Ystamped wel let mynge, and it is doo.

De vite tiriaca.

158.
Wine, vinegar, or 1100 Yyntariake is also nowe to make.
grape from the
tiriac vine is a What goode dooth it ? His wyne, aysel, or grape,
remedy against
the bite of any Or rynde 4 of his scions yf that me take,
beast. Make a
slit three inches
The bite of every beest me shall escape.
deep in the end
of the scions, and
1104 And such a crafte to make it is noo jape.
pick out the pith.
Three fingers deep the scions must be slitte
In thende, and pike oute alle the pith of it.
159.
Fill it with fine In stede of that fille itwith fyne tiriake ;
tiriac, tie it up
again, and plant 1108 To bynde it faire ayein be diligent
it. Others put
them in a bulb
And God
of squill.
sette it. save alle !
yet oth'r take
Her scions fild with this medicament,
And hem to sette as for this same entent,
1112 Iche of hem doo thay in a bulbe of squyle,
And sette in this maner thay doth not ille.
1 2 3 *
suilous. vidi. vindemiam. cutem.
 GRAPES WITHOUT STONES. 101

160.

Tyriake is hald of sum on vynes rootes

1
pour
upon the root
r of
And dooth ful wel. A scion of hem take a vine. A scion

1116 And hath not that myght, therin noo boote

sette is ed has not the
same virtue as
As moder was, until me make
in the the parent stock.

Hit right as she was made. Also Tyriake

Ys goode to take, and when this wynes olde
1120 Helde on thaire rootes ofte, and thai wol holde.

De uva sine granis.

161.
2
Ungreyned grape in high jocunditee Grapes without
stones may be
Me may suppe of as saunez impediment eaten sans im-
pediment, as if
And all oon wyne : this Greek auetoritee all wine. Thus
nature is made
1124 So maketh to crafte nature a succedent. to follow art.
The cutting that
That shall be sette is taken the sarment, 3 shall be planted
is cleft, and the
is taken
As moche as shalle stande in the lande they cleve, pith out.

And clene awey the pithe of it they streve. 4

162.
1128 And diligent thai shave hem every side, The separated
parts are united
And joine ayein the legges so departed, with papyrus,and
planted in a moist
And bynde hem so that thay may not devyde. soil.

With paper best and leest are thai coarted.

5
113%Nowe softe in lande wel moist thai must be darted,
Sum eke hem sette inwith a bulbe of squylle
That maketh iche sette, thai sayen, to take atte wille.

163.
And other, in the vynes kitting seson, Others choose the
most fruitful cut-
1136 Wol trie oute high sarmentes fertilest tings, and, with-
out cleaving
And cleve hem not, but use anoth'r reson : them, bind them
unto a reed to
Until a reed for turnyng bounden fest prevent turning,
and put in what
Thai bore oute the pithe, and in is kest the Greeks call
opium Cyrynse-
1140 This opium Quyrynaike: the Greek cum.

So nameth it so doth myne auctor eke.

;

3 4
effunditur. 2
uva sine granis. Or scion. radunt. ponantur.
102 REMEDY FOR WEEPING VINES.

164.
Dilute this opium In water first this opium relent
in water till it be
like new wine. Of sape until it have similitude,
The pomegranate
and cherry may 1144 Until the budde oute springe of this sarment
be treated in the
same way. Iche vm
day this thing thai efte include.
The pomgarnad wol not this crafte exclude,
As G-rekes seyen, the same in Chiritree,
1 148 Yf it wol serve, assayed may it be.

De vite nimis lacrimosa,

165.
A vine that weeps As vynes that forwepe and turne
away
the Greeks rend
in the stock, and Ffrom fruyte the Grekes wol the stok to tere 1
if it still denies
its fruit, they And make a wound, and yit if thai withnay
take away the
2
largest root and 1152 Her fruyt, the fattest roote away thai tere,
pour on oil-dregs,
and pour -vinegar half decocte on there
underneath.
Oildregges salt til

Thourgh colde is doon and alle aboute this wounde,

And aisel kene is underkest in grounde.

De Mirtite confecto.
166.
Take myrtle-ber- 1156 Mirtite a Greek comaundeth thus to make :

ries ripe, dried in

the shade, and The mirtes baies ripe, and shadowe drie,
pounded cover
And stamped, unces vm it is to take
;

them all close.

And honge hem in the wyne vessell and wrie

1160 Alle cloos, and longe in it lette hem dene.
Then take hem oute and spende of it. Also
With baies ripe ypuld thus other do :

167.
Others pluck off Thai plucke of driest place in daies drie,
the berries in dry
places on dry 1164 And trede, or press hem faire. Of that thei doo
days, and tread 3
or press them, VIII cotuls in a steine of wynes trie.
and add eight
cotulas to an am- This wyne alle medycyne is take unto
phora of wine.
Useful as a medi- Ther stiptik stont ejectyng bloode, and wo
cine where styp-
tics stop emis- 1168 Of wombe or of stomak this wol declyne. 4
sion of blood, and
in dysentery.
Dissenterik hath eke this medicyne.

1 2 3
lacerant. trahunt. amphora. sle.
 TO IMPART ARTIFICIAL FLAVOURS. 103

De condito vel absinthio vel rosato vel violatio.

168.

Absinthiate, rosate, or violate, To give a vine

the flavour of
To make a vyne is crafte doon to nature. absynth, roses,
or violets, take
1172 Sannentes (scions) of some gentil vyne ytake generous scions
and add the afore-
And pocion forsayne in sum mesure said potion,
crumble
and
quick
Half full be doon, quyk erthe among undure 1 earth amongst it.

2
As lie is made, and when thai gynneth sprynge
1176 Sette hem as other vynes and uppe brynge.

1
resolve. 3 lixivium.
 MARTIUS.

BOOK THE FOURTH.

De putandis vineis, inserendis et pangendis.

I.

In cold places At Marche's moone in countree that is colde

prune vines until
the bud's appear- Putacion hath his solempnitee.
ance is suspect-
ed; and now is At in fferyere
time to graft
large of it is tolde,
them when a 4 Suspecte until thaire gemmes gynne be.
thick humour dis-
from them.
tils
Nowe is it tyme hem grafted forto se ;

Ffor nowe this vynes, whoso taketh kepe,

Not wattery but thicke humours wepe.

2.
The stems on 8 The trunkes sadde in humour that abounde
which you graft
are be solid,
to
hem
not old, nor rent; TTnolde, unrende, ygraffed let be
the grafts solid,
buddy ,and round.
With graffes sadde y-gemmed thicke and rounde.
Cut them to the
Three eyen is ynough for oon to see.
length of two
inches, but do
not lay bare the 12 Two fynger longe let sloute away the tree ;

pith.
But save uppon that other half the rynde.
Men saithe the pith to bare
l
is not thaire kynde.

3.

Unite the parts But flessh to flessh and skyn to is

carefully, and let skyn doo,
the lowest eye 16 Eight to the trunke is sette his lowest eye; 2
fit close to the
stem, and bind it But sette him that he loke awaie therfroo,
with a willow
twig, then cover And
itwith clay mixed softe a saly twygge aboute him plie.
with chaff, and 3
protect them from
Then uppon that with chaved cley it wrie,
sun and wind.
20 Ffor sonne and wynde hem make a tegument,
Lest thai in this 4 be shake, in that 5 tobrent.

nudare. 2 oculus. *
openas. vento. sole.
 TREATMENT OF VINES. 105

4.

Whenne tyme hem Water them in

is hoote, putte on softe at eve
heat to make
and drynke, thembold. When
Goode water ofte, that thai may ete
they begin to
germinate, stick
24 And bolde hem uppon hoote that myght hem greve. a reed close to
them and tie
When that thaire een gynneth forto unwynk
1
them to it.

And thai to brannche, into the lande let synk

A reede right by, and bynde in mariage
28 Hem to, lest wynde offende her tender age.

5.

Yit must it be dissolved ever amonge But it must be

loosened now and
Oute of this bonde, lest it adolent then, lest, when
grown up, it be
Be and wex stronge.
letted to encrece prevented from
increasing. Some
graft their cut-
32 And he 8 to delve aboute is diligent, tings near the
root, and heap
And nygh the roote ingraffeth his sarment, mould around
them.
And moolde anoon on every syde it hepeth,
This roote and moolde as nors and moder keepeth.

6.

36 An other saithe thaire graffyng nygh the grounde Others say vines
should be grafted
Is best, ther esily thai comprehende j near the ground,
for so they take
And readily, but it
preve eke alle the erafte it wo! confounde ruins all to graft
To them high. Till
graffe in hem that over hie ascende. the equinox they
may set in fur-
40 Til equinox thaire settyng is not spende or
rows, holes,
beds.
In forowe, 3 in delf, 4 in pastyne, 5 as before,
Is in this booke of vynes taught the lore.

De pratis purgandis.
7,

Kowe is it tyme in places that beth colde In

now
cold places
clean the
44 The medes forto dense, and hem to kepe. meadows, and in
warm places
In places warme eke nowe is holsom holde plough fat lands
and hills. Repeat
the dressing of
The landes fatte and hilles under crepe fallows that were
made in January.
As with the plough but eree hem not to depe.
;

48 Bernetes that beth made in Janyveer

Goode tyme it is forto repete hem heer.

1 2 3 4 5
aperire. aliquis. sulco. scrobe. pastino.
106 PANIC AND MILLET, VETCH AND HEMP.

De panico et milio serendo.

8.
Sow panic and
millet in dry loose
Panyk and mylde in hoote and drie is sowe
land. They will As nowe. Light, resolute lande thai desire.
grow in gravel
if the earth and 52 Sone thai forsalie a gravell wol thai growe ;
air be moist. Fire
sextarii of seed But moist bothe erthe and ayer thai ther require,
enough for an
acre. Land argillose or drie hem sleth for yre,
1

And weede hem wel, let noo weede in hem stande :

56 V sexter shall suffice an acre lande.

De cicere serendo.
9.
Both kinds of Her either chiche 2 is
sowen in this moone,
vetch to be sown
this month. It Ther aier is moist, and lande is ronke and stepe
comes up in two ;

days. Keep a But daies tweyne, and uppe it crepeth sone.

bushel of seed for
an acre. That 60 Three busshel for an acre lande let kepe.
sown in autumn
is ripe first. The Greek saithe, hem by wepe,
yf lukewarm
Thai wol be greet and nygh the see to growe
;

Thai love, and first is ripe in hervest sowe.

De canabo ; cle cicera.

10.
Hemp may be 64 Til equinoxe is
hemp ysowe as nowe.
sown till the
equinox. In Feb. What lande is beste for it and seedes geson 3
ruary is taught
the manner how. To sowe in ffe very ere is reson howe.
Sow black tares,
like peas, after Nowe cicera the blake is sowe in season
one or two plough-
ings, three or 68 On erthes 4 tweyne or oon sowe hem as peson,
four
an
bushels to
acre. With mi or m busshel, other with tweyne
Of hem an acre lande me may byspreyne.
5

De novellis pulverandis wtibus fodiendis.

11.
The earth about
young vines to
Now pulverised beth this vynes yonge,
be kept fine and
loose the first
till
72 And so forth til Calendes evermore
of October, to
kill weeds and
OfOctober, to sley the weedes spronge,
prevent the
ground from suf-
And lest the land the vynes over sore
focating the eke weedes rootes uppe be tore.
young plants.
Constreyne ;

76 Nowe vynes is to delve in places colde,

And stakes make, and bynde hem uppe to holde.

2 3 * 6
cleyi. cioer. rara. aracionibus. seminare.
 YOUNG VINES. 107

12.

And swathe 1
a tender vyne in bondes softe ; young
Ffor bonde to hardde wol holde it in
i distresse ; ? S'a 5

one
80 A sadder vyne a bigger stake olofte
nr
Mot u
j. T-
holde a
T ^.11
is with a lesse
T-.L ( a lar ? e one for
a strong vine, a
; lighter vyne
Stakyng upholde. And whi ? For hevynesse weak one) to-

Of shade eke sette hem of tort 3 Aquilone. a hand's breadth

or half a foot
84 An hande or half a foote is goode to done. from the vine,
not to shade it.

13.

Eke sum her aged vynes wol repare some to renew

And trunke hem of alle hie above grounde. cut them off
TT
Unconnyngly
i n. * n
thai do, right as thai are.
^ -
hi & h
ground
above the
; but a

88 The Sonne and dewe goothe doune into thaire wounde loosen the earth
from the root.
That wyde, and rotyng it confounde.
is so

A better way for hem I wol declare :

Ablaquiate hem deep, or make hem bare.

Cut them a little
over the
14 under the ground,
knot,

92 A lite over the knotte inwith the lande or heat, but only
__ . when it is deep
Hem and wne, and save hem so for drede
kitte and of a good
sort. Otherwise,
Of colde or hoote but deep J that it stande
r yf ;
i advise you to
graft them with
And gentil be, doo this. Or thus I rede generous cut-
tings. In warm
96 You doo : with gentil graffes hem to sede.
Alle this in places hoote first in this moone,
In places colde is after Idus doone. *
ggSto gj
month.
Dig about a sickly
15. vine, and pour
upon the root
And umbydelve a drie or seekle 4 vyne,
3

100 Putte aske of ooke or vyne aysel amonge, e a d

o? ^raft ttSm*
And poure upon the roote, and olde bryne.
graffe hem lowe, and dounging make hem
Or stronge.
On vynes hurte doo goote or shepes dounge,
104 And plaister it with moolde, eke in the roote
dung do tt
Relented dounge yputte on dothe it boote.

1 2 versus. s circumfodias. *
liga. egram.
 108 TREATMENT OF OLIVES.

De oleis amurca sanandis, seminaries et rosariis.

16.
Tour oil - dregs
Oly ves nowe that oute of helthes dwelle
upon the root of
olives.
unhealthy
A pply four or six
Oyldregges salt effunde uppon the roote.
congii of it to 108 Ffor grettest treen, as telleth Columelle,
large trees.
YI Congeus or iv of it ymmote. 1

Two hasketfull of bene chaf doth boote,

As other seyne, to grettest treen, and olde
112 Bryne on hem to kest is weel with holde.

17.
If the oleaster be A morter fast is made aboute the tree,
barren, take two
boughs of a fruit- The rootes hidde, and moste in places drie ;
ful tree from the
south side ; force
them through the
And bareyne yf thyne oliaster be,
tree by two holes ; 116 Take bowes tweyne of treen that fructifie,
cut them off
close, and add But southwarde of the tree theese bowes trie,
chaff and clay.
And streyne hem throwe the tree by bores two,
And kytte hem by do chaved cley therto.
;

18.
If they are too 120 Or dryve inne elm, or ook, or ellea stonys
fat drive a stake
into the root. And plaster hem. To fatte yf that thai be,
Now weed corn
again,if it be the
custom. Make a
A stake anoon into her rootes doone is.
seminary of ber-
ries and seed, and
Nowe comes weded efte is goode to se
rose-beds, early
in the month.
124 Yf it be the use, and frigiditee.
Of seede and baies make the seminary ;

Sone in this moone eke make uppe the rosary.

De Carduo.
19.

Now sow the The garden nowe to tille is best begynne.

teasle in dunged,
loose land, at the 128 The tasul nowe in dogged lande is so we
waxing of the
moon, half a foot And resolute. In fatte beste uppe thai wynne.
asunder.
The molde, 2 and other suche as diggeth lowe,
Anoie hem not, in harde lande yf thai growe ;

132 To so we hem in the wexing of the moone,

And half a foote asonder is to doon.

talpa.
 THE TEASLE. 109

20.

The tasul seede ynverse is not to sette, Do not set the

teasle - seed in-
Lest crooked, feint, and hardde of it ascende. verse, nor more
than three inches
136 Sette hem not deep oonly three fyngers mette
;
deep. Let the
teasle sink in the
On hem unto the joint in lande descende,
;
ground to the
joint. Cover them
And hele hem light eke weede hem ofte anende. lightly, weed
1
;
them constantly,
Until the plannte uppe gete and bygly sprynge and water them.
;

140 And yeve hem in the heete a waterynge.

21.

Breke of the seedes toppe, and thai wol be If you hreak off
the points of the
Withoute thorn her seede yf me reclyne
;
seed, they will
hear no thorn.
2 the seeds
In baume, or nard, or opi, daies thre, Steep
three in
days
144 Or juce of roose, eith'r in mastycyne, balm, or nard, or
opium, or rose-
Or madefie it so in oil lauryne, water, or oil of
mastic, or laurel,
and sow them
Let drie hem sowe, hem np by oon assent dry ; they will
soon grow, and
Thai wol and have odoure like her unguent. have that odour.

148 And yerely from the codde awey let take Take the plants
every year from
The planntes, lest thaire moder fainted be. the stock, lest it
he weakened. Re-
In other place a borde 3 of hem let make, move them with
a part of the root.
But sumdel of the roote on hem thou see, Among those that
are to supply you
152 And hem that shall of seede purvey the with seed let
there he none
black.
Pulle every blake awaie that thou may finde,
And wrie hem with a shelle other a rynde.

23.

Ffor sonne or rayne the seede is wont to sle. Sun or rain wilt
kill them. Cats
156 Ffor moldewarpes cattes is to kepe, are to be kept
against moles.
To ligge in waite to touche with her cle. Some keep a tame
weasel in their
A wesel tame have sum men ther thai crepe, haunts. Some
make holes, and
Hem forto take. An oth'r sumdel deep they
for
run
fear
away
of the
160 Have caves made, and thay, for ferde of sonne sun let in upon
them.
On hem let inne, anoon away beth ronne.

3 a bedde.
openas. opio.
110 GARLIC, HOLLYHOCKS, ETC.

24.
Some fill their Her uppe with wilde
holes oon wel filleth
holes with red
lead and cucum- Cucumb'r juce, and dothe with alle rubrike.
ber-juice. Others
lay a gren (or 164 A green
1
an oth'r hath for hem y tilde ;
snare) to catch
them. Now is To take hem therwithal is not unlike.
the time to sow
a
garlic, etc.
onyons and ulpike
Garlic, cunel, eke
Nowe sette in places colde, senvey and dyle, 3
168 Eke wortes nowe to sowe is grettest skyle.

25.
Now sow holly- Now holyhocke is sowe and armorace,
hocks, armorace
(or wild radish), Or arhorace that wilde raves 4 are,
origan, leeks,
bete, lettuce, ca- And origon nowe plannte him in his place ;
pers, savory, colo-
casia, cresses, 172 Now lekes, betes, letuce, and capare,
endive, and
radishes.
Savery, colcase, and cresses noo man spare ;

This goldes outher rabes 5 forto sowe;

And bless it ;
trust in God that alle shal growe.

26.
Now sow melon- 176 Nowe melon seede two foote atwene is sette
seed two feet
apart in prepared In places well y wrought or pastynate.
ground, but steep
the peed three But daies thre this seede is goode bewette
days in milk or
mead, and set In mylk or meth, and after desiccate
them when dry.
Keep them in 180 Sette hem; thai wol be swete. Eke adorate
rose-leaves to
make them odor- To make hem, kepe hem long in leves drie
Of roses, hem thai wol adorifie.

27.

Sow cucumber- Cucumber in this moone is so wen rare ;

seed thin. The
furrows to be a 184 Her forowe a foot of depth, three foote of brede,
foot deep and
three feet broad, And enter 6 forough and forough YIII foote spare
and let there be
eight feet of un- Of leyes, 7 that therin thai forth may sprede.
tilled ground be-
tween the fur- The weede wol help hem ;
therof is noo drede.
rows. Macerate
the seed in ewe's
milk and mead.
188 Thaire seede in ewes mylk 8 and meth to swelle 9
Wol make hem white, and therof tast and smell e.
1 2 3 4
laqueum. ulpicus. anetum. rafani. rafanum.
c 7 8 9
inter. crudum. OTillo lacte. i
 CUCUMBER. Ill

28.

Thai wol be longe and tendre yf me sette To make them

long and tender,
A broode flatte vessel with water two hande deep place a broad flat
vessel of water
under them,
1 92 Under thaire seede therof uppe wol be fette
; which they will
try to reach. To
By rootes, and in lenght away thai creep. have them without
seed, anoint them
Withouten seede who liketh hem to kepe, with Sahine oil
1 and bray them
With Sabyne enoynte her seede and bray,
oil with the herb
2 culex.
196 Culex an herb and hem therm confray,

29.

Cocumber fioure of sum men into a reede, Some place the

flowers of the
Ythorled every knotte, is softe ydoo. cucumber in a
reed, of which
The floures stalkes heede with alle his heede all the knots are
bored through,
stalk and head
200 Therin, and passyng longe his fruyte wol goo. its
being hidden
therein. It is BO
Hit is so ferd of oiies, that therfroo afraid of oil that
it bends like a
Hit hoketh yf me sette it nygh ther under, hook to avoid it.
Also it turns
And turne it wol for fere, yf that it thonder. away from thun-
der.

30.

204 Cucumber flour eke growing in his vyne If the flower of

cucumber be
sum erthen poote yf that me lede
Into trained into a pot
made in the shape
Made like a man or beest fers or benynge, of man or beast,
it will take the
The fruite wol have benyngnitee or drede, same form, as say
Marcial and
208 As man or beest as hath the potte in dede. Columella.

Gorgilianus Marcial doth telle

Alle this ;
and this of hem saith Columelle.

31.

In glade lande dounged yf we have the brere 3 Cutoff briars and

cane after the
212 Or ferule, after hervest whenne oon with autumnal equi-
nox close to the
The nyght is day, lette cutte hem of right nere ground, and with
a wooden pin
The grounde, and with a pryk of tree the pith pick out the pith,
and put in dung
and cucumber-
Pyke oute, and make hem holgh eke doo in sith :
seeds, and the
fruit will flourish
216 Donnge and cucumber seede ;
therof wol the
undeniably.
4
Ffruyte that withsaide may not in coldes be.

1 2 8 *
tere. confricant. rubos. deuegare.
112 ASPARAGUS.

32.

Asparagus is
Sperage sowe aboute Aprill kalende
is
sown about the
of April in
first
small beds made
In redes smale ymade by lyne in wete
by line a foot and who
a half or three
220 And fatte lande, so that seedes descende
feet deep, dung
it well, weed it,
In half a foote or three therm thai lete,
and cover with
straw, which may
And sprede on it above of dounge a shete,
be taken off in
early spring.
And weede hem wel, or kest upon hem stre
224 Til prime veer ; ther may it take of be.

33.

The asparagus Therof Sperage after thre yere wol sprynge.

will grow in three
years. A shorter This tyme is longe. A shorter way ther is
way is to grow
themfromspawn. Thees herbes of ther sponges uppe to brynge,
Put as much seed
as three fingers
will hold in each
228 Ffor thai wol fructifie anoon; and this
hole of rich,well-
Ys crafte of makyng sponges and not mys.
dunged mould
Doo seede as moche as three fyngers wol holde
1
In eyerie hoole of fatte and dounged moolde.

34.
8
These seeds will 232 This seedes wol connecte until oon roote.
unite in one root,
or spawn. This This calle
3
a sponge. Eke this hath taryinge.
also has a delay
4
of two years with The semynaire in two yere must it roote,
dunging and
weeding. It is
Ynourisshed with dounge and wedynge, ofte
better, therefore,
tobuy than keep 236 Prom hervest equinoxe in his planntynge,
them so long in
the ground.
And eke in veer : but it is lease vice

To beye hem then so longe in lande cherice.

35.

In dry soil set In solghes 5 sette hem myddel deepe in drie

them in furrows
6
moderately deep,
but in wet land
240 Lande, and in wete land in the summitee.
near the top. The
first asparagus is
Above humour wol make hem multiplie,
to be broken off.
Pulling them
So that it passe and not abydinge be.
might remove the The
spawn. Butafter-
first Sperage of broken is to se.
wards they may
be pulled. 244 Thaire sponge, yf that me pulde hem, myght remewe
But after hem to pulle is not to eschewe.

3 3 * 6 6 summitate.
terre. radicem. clepe. radicare. sulcis.
 KITE AND CABBAGES. 113

36.
The eyen 1 of thaire germynacion Pulling will make
them disclose their
With pulling wol disclose after the ferme 2 buds after the
first year and to
;

248 Yere, and to breke hem occupacion break them then

is no benefit.
That tyme is nought for thi sette it to ferme, 3
: Therefore he as-
sured that fruitful
Places feconnde hemselven closeth ferme 4 places are closed
by breaking.
By brekyng so. In veer is thaire servynge.
252 Reserve in hervest hem that seede shall brynge.

37.
Nowe rue is sowe in lande that is plesaunt.
5
Sprinkle ashes on
and sow it
rue,
on high ground
Sprynge aske on hem, and contente thai abide ;
where the mois-
And places hie is thaire desire to haunt, ture may run
from it. If the
256 Ther humour may awaywarde from hem seed is hidden in
slide.
the leaves, rub it
Seede yf me sette eke that thaire leves hide out. If the seed
be small,

Enclosed, frote hem by and by with hande ;

And smale yf seedes be, springe hem in lande,

38.
260 And overwrie hem after with a rake. rake it in. Cab-
bages grown from
The seed will be larger
caules that of seede encluse uppe wynde but slower. A
branch pulled off
"Wol bygger be, but latter thai awake. in spring with a
Their bowes puld with parcel of the rynde piece of the stalk
will be better
than a plant.
264 In veer better then planntes shall thou fynde.
Transplannte alle hoole the plannte, and it is slaye.

And other benes bowes all to braye.

7

39.
And therin, or in stalons
8
forth thei sette They do best in a
loose soil. Stolen
268 Her seede, and best for hem is solute lande. seed is said to
thrive best. They
Thay sayen eke stolon seede is but the bette. shun the touch
of sluts.
In figtreeshadowe gladdest wol it stande.
Ke delve awaye the weede, but pull with hande.
272 Pful ferd it is for touching of unclene
Wymmen ;
and sluttes I suppose it mene.

1 2 3 4 5
oculus. primum. ad firmam. firme. aprico
5 7 8
occiditur. contundunt. bulbes.
114 CORIANDER, GOURDS, ELITE, ETC.

40.

Coriander grows Til Octob'r from the ingresse of this moone

best from old
seed. Ts Coriander (sette) is fatty londe,
276 And thelder seed, the better wol it doone.
In lene soil also thay wol up stonde.
They were eke glade good humor when thay fonde
With every kind of wortes wol thay growe.
280 This gourdes in this moone also beth sowe.
1

41.
8
Long gourds Ffatte soil thai love ydounged, molsh, humyde.
grow from the
seeds which are In gourdes this is goodly, that the longe
in the neck of the
pod. Gourdes growe of the necke seede, and wyde
284 Gourdes up of the botteme seed beth spronge :

And greet oute of the wombe seedes honge ;

Inverse her seede to this entente let sowe,

And helppe hem up with rayles, as thay growe.

42.

Hang up the seed 288 Gourdes for seede til Wynter honge stille ;
till winter, or
they will rot. Hem then in sonne or smoke it is to drie.
Elite, once rooted,
lasts long words And elles wol thai rote, and that were ille.
(quaere worlds,
ages). Iche erthe ywrought nowe blite wol multiplie.
292 And weede it not hit self wol seedes strie
; ;

That though the list, be oons spronge,

yf it

Thou shalt it not destroie in wordes longe.

43.

Pelitur (serpyl- Nowe pelitur to plannte is and to sowe,

lum] grows best
near the water's 296 But in his age it wol be bowed feire,
edge. Anise and
cummin to be that it growe
sown now. By ponde, or laake, or wynche if

So by the brynke. Anyes in gladsom ayer

And comyn sowe hem now ther is theire leire.
300 And helppe hem wel with humour and dounging.
Nowe cometh the crafte pomgarnat up to brynge.
2
1
cucurbita. solutam.
 POMEGRANATES. 115

44.

De malo Punico.
In Aprille and in Marche in tempur lande Hot soil best for
pomegranates.
For setting pull
Pomgarnattree is sette, in hoote and drie plants from root.
304 In Novemb'r this tree loveth to stande
In chalky, lenysshe lande to multiplie.
To stande in fatte lande wol it not denye.
Good eke for it beth regions hoote.

308 Ffor settyng plannte is best pulde from the roote.

45.
In dyvers wyse alle though it may be sette, The plants to be
a cubit long of a
To sette is beste abongh a cnbit longe, hand's breadth,
driven in ob-
Clenliche ycutte iche ende an hafte greett, 1 liquely with a
soft hammer.
312 And sette it in the delf so lenyng wronge.
2

But first her either ende in swynes dounge

Ywonden 3 be, or with a mal in hande
That softe is smyte hem ynne, and let hem stande.

46.
316 The bough to sette is best in germynyng, Three stones put
into the root will
To putte eke in the roote of hem in stonys prevent the fruit
from cleaving.
Ys crafte to kepe her fruytes from clevyng. Frequent water-
ing will make
But hem to sette enversed nought to doone is. them sour.

320 To wattir hem eke nowe and no we 4 eftsones

Wol make hem soure : in landes that beth drie
Thai wol be swete enough and multiplie.

47.
Yit watter hem
yf over drie it be. Laser (benzoin)
with wine
324 In hervest and in veer hem umbidelve. poured on the top
isa remedy
Yf thai be soure, eke stamppe a quantitee against sourness ;

or drive a peg of
Of laseris with wyne, hem two hemselve, fire wood through
the roots, or cast
And helde it in the croppe, or umbidelve sea weeds on
them.
328 The rootes, and dryve ynne a firbronde 5 pynne.
Other so dolven kesteth seefroth 6 ynne.
1
Manubrii crassitudino. 2 3
oblinatur. * 6 6
oblique. assidue. tede. algam.
116 POMEGRANATES.

48.

Others make a Summen therwith doth asse and swynes dounge ;

compost, and put

a stone of it on And yf the floure holde not upon the tree,
the roots thrice
a year, or oil 332 With water mynge uryne observed longe.
dregs and sea-
weed twice a Thaire roote on this oon yere doo tymes three.
month.
Oon stene atte oon tyme is goode quantitee.
Oildregges eke is goode, outhir seefroth,
336 And twye a moneth kest on hem this broth.

49.

Inclose them in Or thus : the flouring tree trunk in leed

lead, or in an 1
adder's skin ; if Enclude, or in an edder skynne it wynde j
they crack, place
a stone under the And yf thai chappe, 2 a stoone under the heed
head root, or sow
squills, or twist 340 Roote is to doo, to sowe eke sqille is kynde
tow round them
as they hang. On every syde : eke hem doo writhe or wynde 3
In togh 4 upon thaire tree right as thai honge ;

And incorrupt thai wol been alle yere longe.

50.

Ox-gall, or a 344 For wormes bathe her roote in oxe galle ;

brass pin, or
swine's dung And doute it not anoon thai wol be dede.
keeps off worms.
Or with a brason pynne of scrape hem alle.

And hardde it is yf thai therafter brede.

348 Or ass uryne and swynes thost let fede
Hem therwithall and thai wol die or flee.
;

Now se thaire craft for hem mervel to see.

51.

I twill make their Kest lye and aske ofte (up)on the trunke aboute,
grains white if
you mix a fourth 352 And thai wol be right gladde and fructifie.
part of gypsum
with clay and Eke Marcial affermeth oute of doute
chalk. 5
That greynes white in hem this crafte will die :

To cley and chalk the firth part intrie

356 Of gipse, and doo the rootes to in yere,
And this wol make hir greynes white and clere.

1 2 * in tenacibus. colorare.
involve. crepent. torquere.
 POMEGRANATES. 117

52.
To make hem of a
myrous magnitude, It will make them
of wondrous mag-
Ley doune an erthen potte beside her tree nitude if you en-
close one blossom
360 Oon bough therin with oon floure let enclude, on a bough in a
pot tied to a
But to a stake ybounden must it be stake, to prevent
its getting out,
Pfor lepyng out this potte ycovered se. and covered.
:

By hervest wol thi potte this apple nlle.

364 If this be soothe, the craft is not fall ffle.

53.
"With juce of portulake 1 and tytymalle Anoint the trunks
with purslain or
Evenly myxt, or thenne the budde oute sprynge, thithymallus ere
the buds shoot.
Enointe the trunkes of this trees alle, Graft it upon it-
self, pith to pith,
368 And manyfold of fruyte uppe wol thai brynge,
in March.

In bowes of it self is his graffynge.

Devyde hem that pith be fro pith serjointe.

2 3

In thende of March thaire graffyng is in pointe.

54.
372 The fresshest graffe is in the stook to doo Graft them
quickly, pitch the
In hast, lest tarying his humour drie stalks, and sus-
pend them ; or
That nys but smal to kepe hem longe also,
; pluck them whole
and plump them
Let pitche her pedifeet, 4 and honge hem hie. them in sea-
water.
376 Or plucke hool into see water trie
Hem feire, or into oildregges hoote hem deep.
Or this or that in dayes let hem steep.

55.

And hem in the sonne, a nyghtes

after drie Leave them not
out of doors
380 Leve hemnot throute, and then in places colde anights. When
you wish to use
Lette honge hem uppe. To use hem thus to dight is them keep them
two days in fresh
In water fresshe n daies be thay wolde, water.

Thai wol be fresshe and fyne her on be bolde.

384 Or ley hem feire in chaf that never oon other
Touche, and ther thai beeth save ynough, my Brother.
1 2 medulla. 3 4
pussillane. sejuucta. pediculos.
118 TO PRESERVE POMEGRANATES.

56.

Or make a trench Or make a diche in longe, and take a rynde

and place over it
a piece of bark As long as it in that the stortes doo
;
of the same length
to keep off mois- 388 Of pomgarnat before and not behinde.
ture.
Then turne it on this diche enversed soo
That thay may honge and noo lande come hem too.

This rynde hem wol from alle humor defende.

392 Other hem drye in cley, and so suspende.

57.
2
And bury a jar Eke whelve a seriol 1 ther-oute that have
half full of gravel
in the open air; Gravel upp to the myddes, pomes take
take pomegra-
nates with their The tenes 3 with to stande in cannes save,
stalks, and press
them in
canes or elder-
with 396 Or holgh ellerstickes is goode to make
branches. And fyngers mi up from the gravel stake
4
Hem so. Eke good it is to kepe hem longe,
6
That stalkes be not left on hem to longe.

58.
6
Or suspend them 400 Or in a seriol half water fild
in a jar half
filledwith water, So licoure touche hem not let hem suspende,
or keep them in
a tub of barley. And cloos it faste in wynde lest thai be spild.

Or lette a tonne of barly hem comprende

404 Uchoon from other, close it til thou spende.
Thus kepeth men this fruyte in dyvers wyse.
And wyne to make of hem this is the gyse :

59.
To make pome- The greynesripe ypurged fresshe and clene
granate wine,
press the ripe 408 Putte in a poche 7 of palme and with the wrynge
grains in a bas-
ket of palm, and Let presse hem, boile hem half awaie bydene.
after boiling, mix
six pints with a
of honey.
Whenne thai beth colde in pitched vessellinge
pound
And cleyed close hem up. But that boilynge
412 Of sum is leeft. Six sexter with a pounde
Of honey meddel thai, and save it sounde.

8
* 3 * 6
seriolam. subdivo. tenacibus. diu. longe.
6 * fiscella.
seriola.
 CHANGES. 119

60.

In March orenge is sette in sondry wyse : Oranges love soil

that is fine and
2
In sede, in bough, in branches, 1 and in clave, If
1

crumbling .

you sow pips, dig

and two feet deep,
416 Thai loveth lande that rare is divise.
and mix ashes
with the soil in
Eke and rayne thai ever crave.
after heete
small beds.
But greynes sowe, and thus thou shalt hem have :

Lande dolven two feet deep with askes mynge,

420 And bedde it smal for wedyng and wattrynge.

61.
And make a delf with hande an handfull longe> Put three pips in
a trench a palm
And doune the pointe thre greynes therin doo ;
long, and water
If
daily. you
Weete hem daily gone upp thai wol spronge
; ;
plant a bough let
it be a foot deep.
424 Soonest yf luke water be kest therto ;

And herbes next the brannches weede hem froo.

Her tyme of transplanntyng in yere age.

is

A bough yf that thou sette a foote him gage ;

62.

428 No lenger, lest hit rote :

3
and of the clave Not more, lest it
rot.If you plant
Is best an handful greet in crassitude* a clave (or trun-
cheon) let it be
Her eith'rende ysmoothed 4 is to have, the thickness of
a hand and a
And cubital let make her longitude. cubit in length.

432 The prickes 6 kitte awaie and thinges rude,

But save the gemmes in the summyte,

That hope of future germynyng may be.

63.
And diligenter folk in oxen dounge More diligent folk
wrap both ends
436 Encludeth her either extremitee. in dung.

With seefroth 6 other have hem umbiyonge. 7

An other list ycleyed hem to se.

The brannches smaller shorter must thai be ;

440 In like maner eke drench it as a clave,

But landes tweyne is longe ynough to have.

2 3
1
talea. clava, ramo manubrii magnitudine. putrescat.
* 6 6 7
levigatum. aculeos. alga. circumdederunt.
 120 ORANGES.

64.
In cold countries The clave ysette axeth noo spaces large
they must be in-
closed in high
walls to thrive. Hoote, ronke, and weete he loveth nygh the see.
Cover them with
straw in winter,
444 Though treen upholde him not, he geveth no charge :

In countree cold and tild yf thai shall be

Men must hie enclyse as forto thee,
Or sette southe. Eke in the wynter season
448 Covert of stre thaire coldes must appeson.

65.
and uncover them Whenne Somer cometh, unclose hem, thai beth sure.
in summer.
Plant them in hot Eke braunche and clave in landes ferventest
soils in autumn,
in July or August Atte hervest forto sette, as doo thi cure.
n cold lands.
452 At Juill and Aust in landes chillingest,
1

And daily make hem dronken hardiest.

I am expert so that thai forto greet 2
In magnitude, and brynge in pomes greet.
3

66.
The vines of 456 The gourde 4 is goode nygh this orenge ysowe,
gourds burnt
make useful Whoos vynes brent maath askes for hem sete.
ashes for oranges.
And delvynge ofte enyoieth hem to growe,
And to provyde of pomes goode and greet.
460 But here and there the drie awaye surtreet.
Hoot lande Aprill, and cold in May is kynde

To graffe hem lowe in trunke and not in rynde.

67.

Graft them on In per tree graffe hem, and molbury 5 tree.

pears and mul-
berries. In As- 464 Oon in an erthen potte the graffes deeth.
syria there are
oranges never Eke Marcial affermeth that ther be
without fruit,
Martial says, and Of hem in Assiry that never beeth
in Sardinia also.

Withouten fruyte. Best witteness is that seeth. 6

468 "I saugh," he saith, "inwith my territory
In Sardyne oothinge wel worthi memorie" :
1 2 3 4
frigidissimis. grandescere. magna. cucurbita.
5 6
moro. interpositio.
 HOW TO KEEP THEM. 121

68.

There humour is, eke erthe and aier wel warme, Where there is
moisture and a
That finite to fruite fro gree to gree succedeth, warm there
air,
is a continual
472 That children yonge her eldron after succession from
harme, one degree to
The grene after the riper fruyte proceedeth. another, flower
pursuing fruit,
The floures sewe as fruites grene hem ledeth. as children harm
after parents.
Thus maketh thai of thaire fertilitee
476 In helping nature a feire eternytee.

69.

Thai sayen
* thaire bitter margh l wol channge sweete The bitter pulp
, f
is made sweet by
Her seede in meth inme steep,
2
daies yf steeping in mead
or ewe's milk.
Other in ewes mylk 8 as longe hem wete. Some bore the
trunk.
480 In ffeveryere sum men eke bore hem deep ;

Into the trunke upwarde humoure to weep

Out suifre thai until the fruyte be fourmed ;

The myddel to sweetnesse is thus confourmed.

70.

484 Nigh alle the yere men keep it on the tree. To keep, they
should be ga-
Thai keep it bette in cloos vessel ydoone. thered at night,
with leafy
With levy bowes puld eke let hem be boughs, when the
moon is hid by
By nyght, and under cloude yhed the moone, clouds.

488 And privily disposed up ichoone.

Sum eke clere iche of hem in his vessell,
And in a place of derknesse keep hem well.

71.

Hem sum in cedur scobe, and sum in stre Some keep them
in cedar-shavings,
492 Hynute, and sum in smal chaf wol witholde. or straw, or
chaff. Medlars
Nowe meddellers 4 in hoote lande gladdest be, grow in clay,
mixed with
So it be moist thai come also in cold
;
stones or sandy
gravel.
Lande sondy fatnesse rathest yf it holde,
496 With stones myxt it stont in argillous
Lande, and with gravel! myxt in glareous.

1 2
medulla mulso. oyillo lacti. mespilus.
122 MEDLAKS.

72.
Medlars increase
In Novemb'r and Marche her brannches l sette
slowly. They love
cutting and fre- In dounged lande subact, her eith'r ende
quent watering.
500 In dounge ydoone. Thaire increment to fette

Is ferre, and unbydelvyng wol hem mende.

Kittyng thai love and lite humour to spende
Ofte in the drought. The seede also is sowe,
504 But hope is longe on it her fruytes growe.

73.
A brass pin will
A pynne of brasse the wormes of dryve,
drive off worms.
Too much quick-
lime would make
Or oildregges, or mannes olde uryne,
them unfruitful.
Or quyk lime, lite of that, lest it unthryve.
508 Or kest on water of decoct lupyne.
For bareynnesse yet men from that declyne.
Mynge askes of vyne and dounge, and hem infounde
Into the roote, and thai wol be fecounde.

74.

Vinegar and ashes 512 Aisel and askes tempred with rubrike
mixed with red
ochre kill ants.
If the fruit fall
Ykest on hem sleeth doune this Anntes alle.

off, drive a piece

of the root into
Oute of the roote a pece 3 it is to pike
the centre of the
trunk.
Yf that the fruyte myslike and from hem falle.

516 This pece a mydde his trunke it is to malle. 4

And in himself graffe hem in ffeberyere,
In mele also, eke graffe hem in the pere.

75.

They must be The graffe is to be take amydde his tree.

grafted in the
trunk, not in the 520 The toppes vicious are often sene.
bark, which is
lean and weak. In trunkes cloven guaffed must thai be
To keep they
must be plucked "Not in the ryndes ;
thai beth fastyng lene.
unripe.
To keep, ypuldde not mellowy but grene
524 Wolde be longe on the tree thai wol endure.
;

Eke thai in pitched pottes kept are sure.

1 3 4
taleas. sere. frustrum. percute.
 FIG-TREES. 123

76.

Suspence in rule hem keep with pusk condite Suspend them in

a row, seasoned
with posca or
Ypuldde in myddes of a day serene.
separate them in
;

528 Or in smal chaf asonder hem alite. chaff; or macer-

ate them in salt-
1
Semymature also me may hem glene, water.

And daies v in salt water hem lene.

In-founde hem then until thai swymme, and depe
532 In hony this fruyte ripe ynough thou kepe.

77.
The fige to plannte in hoote lande best is holde The fig -tree, if
grown from a cut-
In Novemb'r and there is tempre lande
; ting or a wand
(stake), to be
In Feberyere and there as lande is colde
; planted at the
end of April \vhen
536 In Marche, or in Aprill it doo to stande. it is green.

A toppe of it to sette other a wonde

Ys holdon best right in Apriles ende,

"When grene, and juce upon hem dothe ascende.

78.

540 The planntes sette is stones to sustene ; Stones are to be

placed on the
And dounged lande upon the rootes spende ; plants, and they
are to be defended
And eannys knottes pike oute hem bydene. from cold by split
canes.
The tender cropp for colde herwith defende.
544 In places colde a topp, in branched thende
Of u yere age or in towarde the sonne,
I cutte and sette as here is taught, is wonne.

79.

The greyn inwith the grounde is so to stonde The plant is so

to stand in the
548 That graffes in on erthe aboven goon ; ground that three
grafts may ap-
But cleve it softe yf that thou sette awonde, pear. But if you
plant a wand
And in this clifte do feire a litel stoone. (stake), cleave it
and insert a stone.
In fferyere and Marche myself aloone
552 In Italic haue sette fige planntes greete,

And right that yere eke of thaire fruite eete.

colligere.
 124 FIG-TREES.

80.
Plants sparingly
knotted lack fer-
But hem I sette in wel pastyned lande,
tility. And thai tributed with felicitee.
556 The knotty plannte is best for thai that stande ;

Yknotted scars lacketh fertilitee.

And thai that in the semynary be
Matured wel and plannted so wol sprynge
560 Upp feire, and pomys gentilest forth brynge.

81.
Some place the
-plant in
fig-plant i a bulb
A bulbe of sqylle eke summen wol devyde,
of ssquill.
And ther into this plannte of fig-tree trie,
And bynde it so therto that it abyde.
564 Thai love spaces large and delves hie,
And landes that beth hardde, and smal and drie.
To savoure wel in sharpe and stony lande,
And almoost every where eke may thai stande.

82.

Those that grow 568 Thoo that in hilles growe or places colde
in cold places,
having little sap, Have litel mylk ;
for thi thai may not dure
do not last until
the hot -weather, Til it be hoote ;
and best her use to holde
and it is best to
use them when As and greet, of savor pure
thai beth grene
they are green
and of sharp 572 Argute ynough but fatter Sge and sure
;
taste.
To kepe in hoot lande and in feld is spronge.
Thaire kyndes to reherce it is to longe.

83.

All the kinds of Sufficeth this, that all have oon culture.
figs are culti-
vated in the same 576 And as the carike hath, yeve hem distannce.
manner. One
kind is called In places passyng colde it is moost sure
carica. Another
is prcecoqua, Precox to plannte, her fruyte thai soone enhance
which does best
in cold places. In Er shoures come ;
eke it wol moost avannce
very hot lands
the late fig is 580 In landes that beth estyvous for heete
best.
The figtree latly riping forto gete.
 TREATMENT OF FIG-TREES. 125

84.
Hit joyeth dolven ofte, and it to dounge Dung from the
aviary is best for
In hervest is availle dounge of the mewe 1
;
them. Cut off
decayed and ill-

584 Is best for hem. The roted and mys spronge grown branches,
so that the tree
Let kitte hem of, and so that thai may sewe may spread late-
rally. Cast ashes
A broode by grounde. Her taste is eke eschewe on the roots when
cut round, to cure
the flavour.
In places weet, and hem therof to boote
588 Kest askes on thaire circumcised roote.

85.

Sum men sette amonge hem caprifige Some plant the

amidst
wild-fig
Tree, that it nede not for remedie figs instead of
hanging its fruit
To honge on every tree that trees fige. on every tree.
Caprify when the
592 In Juyn, as sonne is hiest, to Sun is highest in
caprine June.
The fig-tree is, that is to signifie
2 3
The figges grene of caprifigtree rende
With tree made like a sawe on hem suspende.

86.

596 Ffor lacke of that, a yerde of southernwoode Or hang on it

T1
Let honge upp that
..

;
.,
or this
.

:
.

take
, .

rammes nornys,
a branch
southern -wood
of
;

or put ram's
Kest hem aboute her rootes, thai beth goode, horns or callum
on the roots or ;

Or callum that in Elmes leves borne is ; scarify the roots.

600 Thaire abundance as goode as rammes home is.

Or thus : the turgent trunke let scarifie,

That humour effluent oute of it hie.

87.

To make hem save from wormes sette a bough Against worms

place an inverted
604 Of terebynt, other a birche stalk. bough of turpen-
tine or birch in
Do that with figtree planntes in the slough 4 the trench. Re-
move the worms
Enverse, and wormes in hem wol not walke. with brazen
scrapers from
Or brason scrapes oute of everie dalke every hole (dalk).

608 Hem scrape ; oildregges oon, and olde wyne

Another to thaire rootes wol reclyne.

1 4
aviario. pertusos. scrobe.
 126 OTHER METHODS OF TREATING FIG-TREES.

Clay, oil, or quick

lime
Oon useth cley, an other oil, and he 2
1

placed in
their or
nests,
rod ochre with
With quyk lym wol her dennes have for doo,
pitch and butter 612 Yf anntes unto thayme ennoyes be,
on the trunk, or
Coracine pitch Rubrike with pitche and butter must be doo
hung on the tree,
are considered
remedies against The trunke aboute, and utter wol thai goo.
ants.
Pitche coratyne upp hanged in the tree
616 Ffor anntes, saithe an other, wol see.

89.
If the fig-tree
cast its fruit, oil-
Yf figtree cast his fruite, oildregges oon,
dregs, or red Eoibrike an other
ochre, or river- watermyxt wol doo
crabs, or rue, or
sea-weed, or a Upon the tree, the thridde is forth ygoon,
scythe used for 620 The floode-crabbe and a braunche of rue also
lupines, are ac-
counted reme-
Upp hongeth he. Seefroth the firthe is goo
To honge upp, and the vth he saithe a sithe
Made for lupyne is upp to honge aswithe.

90.
Or bore the roots,
and stick a wedge
624 An other saieth the rootes shal be bored,
in every bore, or
score the rind
A wegge in every boore eke shal be steke
with an axe.
When the leaves The rynde an other hath with axes scored.
begin lop off the But when the leves gynneth oute to breke,
tops.
628 Of figes fatte and fele it is to speek.

Eight as thai first begynne in germynynge,

Thaire highest topp choppe of for any thinge,

91.
Or that which Or choppe of that amydwarde in the tree.
grows from the
middle. To make
them
632 And premature yf that the list elonge,
continue
long ripe, cut off Thaire grosses, whenue as greet as benes be,
the grapes when
as large as beans.
To ripen them,
So take hem of. Eke yf the thinke hem longe :

anoint the fruit

with oil, onions, Unripe, in oil and juce of stalons longe
and pepper when
thev wax red. 636 With pepir myxt ennoynt her pomes, whenne
Thaire grosses rody wexing me may kenne.

1 2 3
bitumen. tertius. din.
 TO PRESERVE FIGS. 127

92.
And in Aprill a figtree graffed is Graft figs in
April under the
Under the rynde, and if the tree be yonge. 1
bark, or, if
young, in the
640 The cloven stok to graffe is not amys, cleft stock, and
cover them close
And wrie hem fest, ther into yonge. 2 (lest wind) get
in. They take
Eke next the grounde ykitte wol sonnest fonge. best near the
ground.
Men graffe in Juyn, oon yere olde graffe is take
644 And more or lesse, as nought is to forsake.

And in Aprill figtreen inoculate Fig-trees may be

budded in April
May best be there as drie landes be, in dry land, and
in July where the
And eke in Juyll thaire lande is mediate. land is middling.
Another grafts in
648 Atte October in luke lande pletcheth 3 he. October in tepid
land.
In caprifige and in mulberry tree
Figtreemen grafteth forto multiplie,
And oon wol use a graffe, an oth'r the eye.
4

94.
652 Eke figges grene in hony may me keep Keep green figs
in honey, or in
So thai ne touche, Outher in gourdes grene a green gourd.
Hang them
Make everie fige a dover into creep, where no fire or
smoke is. Put
And that was cut of close it after clene, them in a fresh
pot and make it
656 And honge hem ther no fir ne smoke is sene. swim in wine.

A fressh potte on hem sevred pitcheth ynne,

And dothe this potte swymme in a tonne of wyne.

95.
And Marcial saith men in dyvers wyse One method of
keeping is suffi-
660 Her figges keep, and oon for everichoone, cient, as in Cam-
pania :
spread
As campaine hem kepeth, shall suffice. them on broad,
dry crates, and
On fleykes brede and drie hem is to doone lay them whilst
soft in baskets in
And yet al softe in baskettes repone. an oven, upon
three stones to
664 And in an oven hoote upon in stony s prevent burning.

For brynnyg it this figgy basket doon is.

novella. 2 3 4
introeat. propagat. oculo.
 128 GRAFTING DIVERS FRUIT TREES.

96.
When baked, "WTienne thai beth bake, alle hoote into a stene
place them hot
in a jar pitched
and covered,
Lette hem be pressed pitched and ywrie,
their leaves being
laid between
668 Thaire leves doon the potte and hem betwene.
them and the For rayne in sonne yf thou ne maist hem drie
pot. In rain dry
them in the
house on hot
Hoote askes may this fleykes under strie
In house in stede of sonne, and dried so
672 In chistes smale or coffyns hem doo.

97.

Plant fig-tree cut- Of figtree toppes planntes nowe thay make,

tings. To make
one tree bear di- And dyvers fruite oon figtree forth to brynge,
verse fruits take
two a
boughs, Two bowes, oon blaak and oon white, thai take
black and a
white, and twine 676 And bynde and wethe hem so that germynyng
1

them together.
Comyxt upp goo thus sette hem forto spryng
:

In moist ydounged lande annexed so

That the een 2 germinannt togeder go.

98.

Thus united they 680 Thay uned thus fruite of dyvers coloure
bear fruit of dif-
ferent colours in TJpbryng in this dyvysed unytee.
divided unity.
Now graft pears, This peres graffe and pomes sweet or soure,
apples, service
trees, quince, As serve or quyns, plumme and mulbyry tree.
etc. ; also pistacia
and pine-apples. 684 The ixth Calende of Aprille doon this be.

Pistacia is graffed nowe

growe to

In colde lande, and pynapul seede is sowe.

99.

De comparandis bobus, tauris et vaccis.

Now is the time And tyme is nowe thyne oxen to be bought.
to buy oxen, or
to prepare for 688 And be thai bought or of thi propretee,
use those you
have
are
for they
;

now lean and

Hem nowe to greithe is goode for ought or nought.
you see what Now be thai lene, and sheweth as thai be,
they are.
And light to tame her contumacitee.
672 Ther are in hem certayne signes spectable
Which is to eschewe, and which is profitable.
1 2
oculi.
torquent.
BOOK IV.] HOW TO CHOOSE OXEN. 129

100.
Take oxen yonge, ylymmed greet and square, Great limbs, firm
chest, rising
Ychested sadde, in brawnes rysing greet, muscles, curly
forehead, large
676 Whoos fronnte and glaade, large eres are,
is crispe
ears, black as jet,
straight horns,
Thaire lippes and thair een blacke as geet, brawny " neck,
ample dewlap,
With homes stronge and streght is goode to gete, wide nostrils.

Compact a runcle necke, dewlapped syde

680 Unto the kne, and nosed upwarde wyde.

101.
Yshuldred wyde Wide shoulders,
goode, an huge brest,
is
large breast and
No litel
wombe, and wel oute raught the side, stomach,
stretched
sides
out,
The leendes broode, playne bak and streght, thighs firm and
sinewy, not too
684 The and senowy, not to syde,
thies sadde wide, hoofs
large, tail long,
the whole body
With greet cleen, and tailes longe and wide, covered with
short hair, red or
The body thourgh yheered, thicke and breef. brown.
The rede coloure is best, and broune is leef.

102.
688 Bette is to take of contree then of straunge, Better to take
them from the
Ther as with soil or aires qualitee neighbourhood,
that they may not
Thai be not tempted as want a change :
to fynde a chaunge. at least, let
or,
Or thus : take hem that of lyke countree be. all
same
be from the
country,
692 And of alle other this is forto see, and of equal
strength.
That even strengthed thou togedir dresse,
The feebeller lest that the stronge oppresse.

103.
Thaire thewes is to see that thai be
meek, See that their
tempers be meek,
696 Quyk, and aferdde of clamoure and of gode, 1
afraid of noise
and the goad, and
And ever appetent metes to seek. always ready to
eat.
The fodder grene is best as for thaire foode.

For faute of that gete other thinges goode,

700 And fodder hem as thai beth sette on werk.
Time to care for
For boles eke now tyme is forto kark. bulls.

1
stimulo.
130 ON BULLS AND COWS. [BOOK IV.

104.
Bulls to be tall,
large limbed, not
Take bulles that beth high, ylymmed huge,
too old, with stern
Of myddel age, and rather yonge then olde,
face, brawny
neck.small horns,
stomach narrow 704 A ferdfull face, his neck in many a ruge 1
(qy. streyt).
Choose cows high Yfretted greet, and litel homes wolde
chested,
He have, ywombed strerte is likely holde.

The kyen also the tyme it is to trie.

708 Doo cheese hem that be chested huge and hie.

105.
high-headed,
with large stom-
For heded hie and wombed longe and wyde
achs, fair, black Black horned feire, and een greet and blake
horns, hairy ears,
wide dewlaps,
great tails, little
"Wei hered eres, and dewlappes syde,
hoofs, black,
short thighs. Let 712 "With tailles greet, and litel cleen thou take
them calve from
three till ten Blake hered theyes short, I undertake
years, not earlier.
That goode are thai calvyng 2 from ni yere olde
Til x is best, and other with noo holde.

106.
Carefully remove 716 Thyne olde away to doo be diligent,
the old. Greek
notions on the To werk or what thou wilt, and take in yonge.
subject.
The Greekes sayen that the lift 3 instrument,
The lift stoone of this bulles bestes stronge,
720 Knytte him fast in his puree and let him honge
In coitu, and he shall gender males,
And his right stoones up knytte genderes females.

107.
In winter keep But in this caas thai mosten been abstened
the herds near
the sea ;
in sum- 724 Prom generacions libertee
mer where there
are bushes and Til thai therto be verray hoote for tened.
herbs.
And havethi drove in wynter nygh the see

In places glade in hilles may it be

;

728 In Somer, namely thaire as bosshes growe

And herbes for thaire fosteryng ynowe.

1
tons. 2
MS. calvyny. sinistrura.
BOOK IV.] ON BREAKING OXEX. 131

108.
Rain - water in
Though thai be better fedde aboute floode, pools is best for
Yet luke water best helpeth thaire feture. 1 them for it is
;

warmer than
river-water. The
732 Eayne water luke in lakes that is goode herds may be out
in the cold all
For hem floode water colde is in nature.
:
the winter, but
not cows in calf.
This droves may the Winter cold endure
*
Theroute all Winter thourgh, yf it be nede.
736 But for thi kyen incalf it is to drede.

109.
Lest thai have wronge, let make hem closes wyde, Let them have
wide enclosures,
Thaire stalles eke beth of utilitee paved or gravel-
led, or floored
With stones paved well from syde to syde, with clay, sloping
to let off the
740 Or gravelled, eke flored may thay be moisture. Let
them stand south-
With cley, and lenyng sumdel so that the ward, with some-
thing to with-
stand cold blasts.
Humour may passe. Eke southwarde stande it, colde
Blastes sumthyng object eke from hem holde.

110.
744 Exon may nowe be tamed three yeer olde ;
Oxen to be tamed
at three years
That atte v yeres age is harde to doo. by holding their
heads and strok-
Thaire tamyng is by the heed hem to holde ing them with
the hand. Leave
While thai beth yonge, and stroke hem to and to room before their
stalls that when
748 With hande, and make afore her stalles so they go out no-
thing may
frighten them.
Enlarged rowme outewarde when thai beth wende,
That noothing hem afere, or ought oflende.

111.
And footes vn longe thaire stakes stonde Let there be
stakes seven feet
752 To teye hem to but fully hem to tame
: long to tie them
to. On a fine
Chese out the feirest day that may be fonde day bring them
one by one to the
There noo tempest or thing is worthi blame. yoke. If they
rebel keep them
Now bringe hem oon and oon to yoke by name, fasting in the
yoke a day and a
756 And yf thai be rebel, so let him stonde night.

Pastyng oon day and nyght in yokes bonde.

calvyng.
132 ON HORSES AND MARES. [Boon IV,

112.
Caress them, and
them
Now glose hem feire, and bryng hem not behiade,
approach
in front,stroke
them on the nose
But right sum likyng,
afore of metes
and back, sprink- 760 And hem nose and bake, eke then is kynde
strook
ling wine upon
them. If they
Cleer wyne on hem alle esily to sprynge.
1

begin to kick or
butt, the habit re- But warre the home and heles lest thai flynge
mains with them.
A slappe to the. Atte this if thai begynne
764 And take effecte therfro thai wol not twynne.

113.
When tamed rub Thus tamed, her palate and mouthes frote
their mouths
with salt, and 2
"With saltes, and salt grees
pounde peces take,
put three pieces
of salted fat, each
a pound weight,
And three of hem putte in thyne exon throte.
in their throat.
768 A sexter wyne inwith an home let shake
A pint of wine
given with a
In daies three thaire raginge wol aslake.
horn tames them
three
in
Others work
days. And other tempte hem frist on werkes smale,
them gently at
firston land al- In ereed lande the plough as forto hale.
ready ploughed.

114.
A shorter way is
to yoke the wild
772 A shorter waie the wilde oxe with the tame
ox to a tame one, hem howe to doo.
and if he lie down Yyoked be, to teche
in the furrow,
only bind his feet.
And in the forgh downe yf he sitte as lame,
Noofier, noo strook,
noo prikyng come him too ;

776 But bynde his feete that he neither stonde nor goo.
This doon, he wol for hungre and for drie
Go from this vice, and use it not past twye.

115.
Fed stallions now Peed stalons fatte goth nowe to gentil marys,
visit mares, and

replete, ayein thai goothe to stable.

then go to their 780 And, thay
stable. One horse
is not sufficient
Oon horses wit for over fele eke bare is.
for over-many.
Let every stalon have as he is able j

So may thai longe endure and profitable.

784 A yonge and a lusty hors, if it shall thryve,

May have but twyes vi or thries v.
BOOK IV.] COLOUR OF HORSES, 133

116.
Teve others like her strengthes qualitee. The four things
to be regarded
But thinges iv in hem is to be holde, in a horse : first
form.
788 Fourme, and coloure, merite, and beautee.
First fourme hem thus greet rowme his body holde,
:

And sadde for lacke of strengthe unlike to folde,

Her sydes longe, her altitude abounde,
792 And buttocks have thay right greet and rounde.

117.
Ybrested broode, and alle the bodie lifte .
Next beauty: a
email dry head,
In brawnes greet and knotty densitee, and the skin close
to the bones,
"With holgh home, high yshood, sadde foote and swifte ;

796 Nowe have an eye aboute on thaire beautee.

The parties bethe thees in that to see :

A litel dried hede, uppon the bonys

Is best yf that the skynne wel streite ydoon is.

118.
800 Thaire eres shorte and sharppe, thaire een steep, short ears, deep
eyes, %ide nos-
Thaire noses thorled wyde and patent be, large mane
trils,
and tail, hoofs
Thaire tail and mayne enlarged, wide and deep, firm and round.
Next colour, bay,
Thaire hoof alle sadde fixe in rotunditee. chestnut, Hard,
or roan, and light
804 Colours nowe to knowe attendeth ye : brown are good- ;

The baye is goode coloure, and broune purpure,

The lyarde, and the white and browne is sure.

119.
The walnyed is goode, also the blake also walnied,
black, the colour
808 Is fyne coloure, the falowe, and hert hued, of the fallow-deer
and hart, dapple-
The pomly gray for him I undertake, grey, grey,
golden - haired
The gray, the goldenhered and the skued. 1 and skew-bald.
Next in merit,
And next hem in merite is dyvers hued
black and bay
mixed with vari-
812 Blacke, bay, and permyxt gray, mousdon also,
ous colours,
mouse-dun, etc.,
The fomy, spotty hue, and many moo. etc.

guttatus.
134 STALLIONS AND BROOD-MARES. [BOOK IV.

120.

Stallions to be of But stalons best beth cleer in oon coloured,

one clear colour ;
all others to be
Alle other but yf the magnitude
lefte,
excluded, unless
of signal merit.
Mares to be large
816 Of thaire merite hem that been discloured
in bulk and
stomach in well- Excuse, and in a maner so exclude.
bred stables.
Thi mares take of like similitude,

But rathest be thaire bolk and wombes large.

820 This crafte in gentil haras is to charge.

121.

Take care that Alle other mares may be with thaire malys
stallionsbe kept
apart, lest
they Alle yere atte large ;
and this is thaire nature :

hurt one another

when furious. In
summer
That moneths xn in Me everie female is.
place
them where is 824 Another thing in stalons is to cure,
cold and shade.
That thai be sette asonder for lesure
"Whenne thai beth wode ;
and do this maner drove
In Somer there is colde and thicke of groves.

122.

In winter let 828 In winter ther is fattest and plesaunte,

them frequent
rich and warm And sumdel hardde to sette atte firmitee
pastures, hard
enough to Thaire homes on thaire feet, this let hem haunte.
strengthen their
hoofs. If the
mares refuse the Impacient yf that females be
horse anoint
them with pow-
832 And wol noo male, her naturalitee
dered squills. With stamped squylle embawme other ennointe,

And thai wol soone enable in that join te.

123.

Keep brood- Fro colde and hungre holde hem that beth greet
mares from cold
fole, and yeve hem place atte thaire pleasaunc<
and hunger, and 836 In
give them ample
space. Let well- And gentil females that males gete
bred mares with
male colts rest Iche other yere be kept fro fecund aunce
" ;
every other year.
Others require
[ ]
no care.

840 So shall thai be the bigger huge and pure.

Alle other take as cometh of hem noo cure.
BOOK IV.] FOALS AND MARKS OF AGE. 135

124.
The colts of a
A stalon may begynne atte yeres y, mare more than
ten years old of
And his females at yeres n conceyveth. little value.
Foals not to be
8 44 But after yeres x thaire coltes blyve handled.

Shall never goo, the pukker thai deceiveth.

Foles with hande to touche a corser weyveth ;

hem to handel
Hit hurteth or to holde.

848 Defende hem eke, as reson wol, from colde.

125.
Foals to be
In foles, as thai are adolescentes, chosen by the
same marks as
Yf thai be goode, asmoche is forto see their sires; they
may be broken
As is aforne wel saide of thaire parentes, in at two years.
852 Quyk, swifte, and steryng with hillaritee.
Now foles two yereolde may tamed be :

Take brawny-bodied, huge, argute, and longe

Smal ballockynge, and ever shortte uphonge.

126.

856 In other thing take hem her fader like,

Let their thews
be
(manners)
such that they
So thewed that from high quiete and rest
be stirred
may
from rest to
Anoon thai may be stered forto prike,
speed, and again
from
And fastest pricked turning at the best,
greatest
speed made to
860 Ner harde be it not eft to make him rest.
rest. They
change the upper
middle teeth at
Thaire myddel teeth aboue at two yere age two years, and
at four change
mi an other gage.
Thai cause, at yeres

127.
Er yeres six oute gothe the gomes stronge, Ere the sixth
year the grinders
1 At six
864 The caused first at yeres vi are even. fall out.
those first

At vii yere are all illiche longe, changed are

even, at seven all
are of one length,
The markes of thaire age are lost at seven. and then all

Thaire browes hoore, her tempils holgh uneven, marks are lost.

868 The teethe oute seeth. Now alle mi footed bestes,

And namely hors, to geldde yholdyn best is.

equantur.
136 MULES AND ASSES. [BOOK IV.

De Mulino genere fy Asinis.

128.
For mules choose This mules forto make who so delite,
a mare strong-
boned, of great
bulk and noble
A mare yboned sadde,
ybulked greet,
form, three years 872 Yformed nobully most been elite ;
old.

And though she be not swyfte, a strong one gete

Of yeres mi unto this werk to trete.

Till yeres x she for this admyssure

876 Is goode, but this mot have a besy cure.

His wife (the ass)
is to be haled
out, the mare is
to be haled in.
129.
The mare yf the asse eschewe, on his female
As tempte him first and when he gynneth ride,
;

Hys wyf is oute, this mare is into hale.

880 While he dothe on, that other holde aside.
For furious in lust he wol abide
And doo : but yf he bite hir in his rage,
Let labouryng his melincoly swage.

130.
The best bred
mules are from
884 A mule eke of an hors and of an asse
the mare and the
ass. The produce
Is hadde, and of a wilde asse and a mare,
of the wild ass
and the mare But gentiler in kynde never nasse
sure to be strong
and swift.
Then of the mare and asse yformed are.
888 Of asses wilde and mares better nare,
Ther noo stalons of whome the geniture
For to be stronge and swyft me may assure.

131.
A stallion ass to
A stalon asse ybolked, brawny, sadde,
be bulky,
brawny,
large-limbed,
firm, 892 And large ylymmed, strong, and steyth, alle blank
strong and
steady ; black,
Or mou(s)hered or reede is to been hadde.
mouse -coloured,
or red. If the But chois yf that ther be, moushered taak.
brows and ears
are spotted, the And discolour in browes hath a laak
offspring will be
variegated. 896 And eres eke, but what that thaire of [s]prynge
Of variannt colour forth thai brynge.
BOOK IV.] INFIRMITIES AND CURE OF BEES. 137

132.
Three yeres age is leest and x is meste, From three to
ten years is the
And from her damme a she asse oon yere olde age. Place the
she-ass of one
900 Doo putte in share pastures that the beeste year in rough (?)
to learn
In tender age on labour gynne holde ibour; keep the
Eastures
; male in the fields,
to work and be
The male aselle in feeldes forto holde idle in turns.

Hit needefull is, for he to diligent

904 Laboure wol take, and ek be negligent.

De apium infirmitatibus 8f curacione.

133.
The bee that Marche is wonte to be ful seke, Bees, sick after
cold and absti-
That after Winter colde and abstinent nence, will pick
spurge and elm-
On titimalle and elmes gynneth pike blossoms, and be
injured unless
helped by medi-
908 That bittir be, wherof anoon relent cine. Pity them.

Thaire wombes are, and sone be thay shent

But yf me helpe anoon with medicyne.
No we re we on hem and helpp hem oute of pyne.
134.
912 "Wyne Amynee with pomgarnates grayne, Give Amynean
wine with grain
Or reyson graynes with dewe 1 Siriake 2 of pomegranate,
or Eos Syriacus,
And mighty wyne, alle this ygrounden playne with raisins and
strong wine ;

And boiled in sharppe wyne is forto take shake in little

made of
troughs
916 And into litel treen trowes shake. trees, or give
rosemary boiled
in mead.
Or roosmaryn 3 in meth 4 decoct congele,
And yeve it hem in gutters, 5 hem to hele.

135.
And clorded 6 yf thaire backes be, silent, If they be con-
tracted, silent,
920 And slough, a thing horrible to beholde, and slow, carry-
ing out dead
And corses dede oute beryng diligent, bodies, make
channels and put
make of Cannes 8 olde
Chaneles 7 is to in honey and
powdered gall, or
That iche of hem a quantitee may holde. powdered rose.

924 Putte hony into hem and powder galle,

Or pouder rose, and it wol hele hem alle.

1 2 3 4
rore. Siriaco. rosem marimim. mulsa.
5 6 7
ymbricibus. contracto. canales. cannis.
138 CARE OF BEES. [BOOK IV.

136.
Cut away rotten Moost spedy is the roten combes kerve
and empty combs
with the sharpest
knife of all the Awaye, and yf the swarme is but of fewe,
928 Thaire empty combes of the same serve.

But take the kennest knyf of alle the rewe,

To doe this softely with, lest alle remewe,
And thai seyng thaire dwellyng so forfare

932 So fly awaye with greet compleynt and care.

137.
Abundance often Ek ofte ennoieth hem felicitee,
injures them; for
they think of no- As floures over fele of whom thai trie
thing but work-
ing till they die. So faste hony that on fecundite
Therefore if the
combs drip with 936 Thai thinketh not, nor horde to multipli,
excess of honey,
keep them three But dothe hemself travaille until thai die.
days at home.
1
Forthi yf combes ronke of hony weep,
Three dayes stopped up atte home hem keep.

138.

Thus stopped up 940 Thus stopped uppe, in generacion

they will attend
to generation. And brynging babes forth thai wol attende.
Cleanse the hives
about the 1st of Thaire dwellyng places expu(r)gacion
April wherever
winter has dam- Of every filthe aboute Aprill Calende
aged them, and
pick out moths, 944 Wol have of right ther "Wynter hath it shende.
spiders, etc.
No we pike oute mougthes, 2 attercoppes, 3 wormys, 4
And butterflie 5 whoos thoste engendryng worme is.

139.

Place under them Smooke of encense effuse in drie oxe dounge

smoke of incense
and dry ox-ma- 948 Doo under hem, to hele hem and socoure.
nure till autumn.
Advise thee well Til hervest doo this ofte, yf it be longe.
(i.e. take care) to
be sober, chaste, Alle sobre, chaste, uneten metes soure,
sour meats being
uneaten, exempt From bathes aliene, unclene odoure,
from baths, etc.
in doing^bees ser-
vice.
952 And sauces alle and metes salt avyse
The wel to been, in doyng been servyce.

8 tineas. 3 * 5
drepe. araneas. vermiculos. papiliones.
BOOK IV.] THE HOURS IN MARCH. 139

140.
With October Marche houres feet beth even Length of the
several hours in
The first hath xxv. feet, xv March.

956 Feet hath the secounde houre, the thirdde xi,

The fourthe hath vin, and v up six sustene,
And six hath v. In vi, vu demene,
And so goo forth, x hath feet thries v.

960 xi goth with xxv blyve.

Deo Gracias.

Wowe Marche is doon and to correctioun The translator'

epilogue.
His book is goon, as oth^r did afore,
Of him that said I thi protectioun

964 Prom all thy foon adversannt lesse & more ;

And his beheste stedfast is evermore.

Honoure, empire, and jubilacioun

To IhesM Crist in special therfore,

968 My lyf, my light, my right salvacioun.

 APRILIS.

BOOK THE FIFTH.

Prefacio in quintum librum.

The translator's
Ayenie to werk am I sette, and I haste.
preface.
Come of, let see who be the sharppe penne.
The tyme is riche, and synne is hit to waste,
4 Every moment saith " Eys I goo. Come, thenn,
1
!

To jugement." what may I saye thenne 2

That many an hour have spende & not alle well.

But Mercy, God Now husht of that

! : for renne

8 I must, and here begynne atte Averell.

De Medica seretica Sf disciplina ejus.

I.

Trefoil sown in At Auerel Medike is forto sowe

April will last
ten years, and In beddes fourmed, as is taught beforne,
may be cut four
or six times. It That ones sowen yeres x wol growe,
dungs lean lands,
fattens lean 12 And yerely mi or tymes sexe yshorne.
beasts, cures sick
ones. An acre Hit doungeth landes lene, and beestes lorne
enough for three
horses a year. For lene it fedeth uppe, and seek aviseth.
Thre hors ayere an acre wel sufficeth.

2.

A cyathus enough
for a bed five
16 A cruse is for a bedde ynough to take
feet broad
ten long.
and
Cover
Of footes v in brede, & double longe,
quickly with a And wrie hem quycly with a treen rake,
wooden rake.
Use no iron.
hem wronge.
Lest that the sonne up brenne, or do
20 Prom thennes doo noon yren hem amonge,
But oonly tree, and goode is weede hem ofte,
Lest weedes ille oppresse hem yonge and softe.

1
inde hinc. 2
tune.
BOOK V.] OLIVES. 141

3.

First repe it late, that sedes sumdel shake, Do not cut it the
first time till it
24 And after repe it as the thinkest goode, sheds its seed.
Let it be given to
And fodder for the beestes therof make, beasts sparingly
at first, for it
swells them and
First scant 1 ;
it swelleth and encreaseth bloode ;
makes blood. Cut
it six times a
And watter wele the londe ther as it stoode.
year.
28 Sixe sithe ay ere repe it ;
as ofte it weede :

And yeres x ther is of it noo drede.

De serenda oka : de mneis, fyc.

4.

Olyve is grafted now in tempre lond, Graft olives un-

der the rind of
As is beforne ytaught, under the rynde the wild olive.

32 In wilde olyve, 2 olyves forto stond

So that, though thai be brende, oute of thaire kynde
Thai chaunge not. This crafte be not behinde.
Maak delves, sette in hem thi wilde olyve,
36 And fille hem uppe half fulle until thay thryve.

5.

This wilde olyve ytaken, graffe hem lowe, Graft it low, and
as it rises let the
And as the graff
upp springing gynneth renne, mould rise about
the grafting
The molde aboute his stock and him up growe place. Then the
joint is so deep
40 Wei upp over the grafyng stede ;
and thenne that it cannot
bum.
Though fire be sette on it it shal not brenne,

His comyssure in erthe it stont so depe,

And oute of it olyve ayein wol crepe.

6.

44 Olyves sum in rootes graffe, and rende Some graft in the

root, and when
Hem after out with parcells of the roote ;
3
they have taken
rend them off
But first this craffes wel must comprehende. with part of the
root, and plant
And set hem forth as planntes forto roote. 4 them
from April
out. Graft
1st to
48 From the vin kalend of Aprill it is boote, July 5th.

As Grekes sayen, til Jules thridde none

To graff in hoote lande late, in colde land sone.

2 oleastro. 3 radicis. 4
parce. radicare.
142 ACHE, OR PARSLEY. [Boon V.

7.
Before April the Er thenne moones Ide in places cold
this
13th vines are to
be dug in cold 52 Beth vynes dolve, and hem that Marche hath lefte
places, and those
which were not
set in March Unsette, lette sette hem nowe. !N"owe weeded wold
should be set Thi semynaires be, and dolven efte.
now. Panic and
millet are plan ted
Panyke and mylde in comyn drie is lefte.
1

in places mode-
rately dry. 56 To so we and eree 2 upp feeldes fatte and weet,
And weedes tender yette oute of hem geet.

De dwersis heibis in orto.

8.

Now sow cabbage Last in this moone as veer is nygh atte ende,
to serve for cole-
wort. Parsley Brasike that wortes serveth is to sowe,
will grow now
autumn. 60 For tyme past a croppe on
till is it to ascende.
Eke Ache in every manner lande is throwe
So it be weet. In drie eke wol it growe
Yf nede be, and nygh in all the moonys
64 Fro pryme veer til hervest last, this doon is.

9.
Three of
sorts As of this Aches there be kyndees thre e :
parsley :hippose-
linon, helioseli-
The soure and stordy yposelinon,
non, and peilose-
linon.
This is the first ;
the softe yfoiled be
68 Seconde, yclept Elioselinon,
In lakes spronge and Petroselinon ;

In places hardde nppe sprynging diligent :

Men tille, and have alle three to theire entent.

10.

Parsley will be 72 The gretter ache is made thus fingres tre :

made crisp if you

pound the seeds, Ful of that seede doo in a lynnen thynne
or bruise them,
after they are Clothe in a litel delf so sette it be.
grown, with a
roller or with the
feet.
The growyng of hem into oon heed wol wynne,
76 And so be greet asonder not to twynne.
Thai wol be crispe her seede yf that me crese,
Or with a rolle or feet hem sprongen brese.

acceptum. plowe.
BOOK V.I AVAGE, OR ORAGE, ETC. 143

11.

Ek the older seede the sonner it is spronge, Avage requires

much water, and
80 The yonger dwelleth longer. Nowe Avage
1
to be covered up
as soon as sown.
Is sowe, and so forthe alle the somer longe

Til hervest come in with his gretter wage.

But yeve him drinke ynough in youth and age.

84 For humour dronken, rathest upp gothe he,
And sowen hidde anoon he praieth be.

12,

Prom him the weedes plucke : unnecessarie Orage need not

be transplanted,
but it will grow
Is him to plaunte yf he be wel ysowe. better if planted
thin.
88 Yit better wol he spryng and higher caire
Wel rare yf he be plannted forto growe,
Eke juce of dounge and humoure on hem throwe.
"With yren him to croppe is his encrese,

92 So cropped forto sprynge he wol not ceese.

13.

Basilicon is sowen in this moone, Marcial tells

wonders of Basi-
And theruppon ysowen yf me shall licon changing
its colour.
Hoote water sprynge, upp gothe it wonder sone.

96 Eke mervaille thinge affermeth Marcial ;

Therof that purpure nowe the fioure is alle.
Nowe it is white, now rosy. This is straunge.
It ofte ysowe eke maketh wounder chaunge.

14.

100 To pelletur, and to horsmyntes 2 eek Time for cucum-

bers, melons,
Hit chaungeth ofte. Cucumber nowe is sowe, pellitory, capers,
leeks, etc.
Melones, pelletur, cappare, and leek.
Colcases planntes now beth sette to growe,

104 Nowe coriander, letuce, betes throwe

8
In molde onyons, myntes, gourdes, goldes,
;

Nowe secondly to sowe or kest in molde is.

2 sisimbrium. 3 intibe.
atriplex.
144 THE JUJUBE TREE. [Boon V.

De zizipho 8f ejm pomis.

15.
ziziphus may be ^"owe ziziphus in infervent lande
m
^
;
set stock, or

ThTee stone^fn
108 Atte Ma7 T n in londe that
dth f
bS Ther gladde and warme is loveth he to stande.
your
To sette or stook or plannte or boon is holde

Right goode ;
softe erthe in Marche the planntes wolde
112 Stonde ynne : thre bones in thyne hondes brede
Inverse into the delf is doune to lede.

16.

Place ashes and Doo aske and dounge on hem above and under,
under, when And breek away the weedes with thyne hande.
the size of your
thumb, plant 116 And thombe greet in pastyn hem asonder
them out. The
land not be too Or (in) to delf : thai axe not to fatte lande,
fat. Heap stones
round the stock g that fatte and not by lene it stande.
in winter, and re- by
move in summer. j n Wynter to his codde 1 an heep of stonys
120 Is goode, that in the Somer utter doone is.

17.
2
nub the tree Yf this tree loure, an horscombe wol him chere.
with a curry-
comb. old wine Qr lite and ofte embaume his roote oxe donge.
sprinkled on
them when newly i n places drie her fruites ripe alle yere
pulled will not
Uit
124 Is
Nowe ruge 3 on hem puldde newe olde wyne yspronge
Wol suffre be eke honged with thaire bough,
:

Or in thaire leves fold, is goode ynough.

18.
For reasons 128 This moone rather lerned reason,
also, by
taught before,
pomegranates
and peaches are
To sette and eraffe in places temperate
to be grafted and peches have thaire season.
now ; also the
Pomgarnat is,
citron.
^te May Kalendes hem to enoculate
4

132 Right as we saide of figges emplastrate.

Eke Citurtree this moone in places colde

Is forto graffe, as is beforne ytolde.

1 2 tristis sit. 3 4 inoculare.

codici. rugam.
 BOOK V.] OIL-VIOLET, CALVES, AND BEES. 145

19.
In colde lande no we the 1 Plant and graft
figtree plant is sette, the fig, and the
*136 And graffed in the stock or in the rynde, palm, called also
cephalon.andthe
2
disciplyne of hem beforne is sette.
As service-tree.

And hem to enoculer eke have in mynde.

Nowe Cefalon the palmes plannte is kynde
140 In glaade to sette and hoote now graffyng ;
serve 3
4
In quynce, in white thorne, in himself wol serve.

De oleo violacio Sf vino.

20.
Oilviolet to make attende : of oil Oil-violet to be
As many pounde, asmany unces take made of the
leaves.
144 Of violette, not but oouly the foil.

And XL daies standyng theroute 5 it make.

To x sester olde wyne v pounde in slake
Of violet undewy, and x pounde
148 Hony the xxxthe day is forto enfounde.

De vitulis nutriendis, tonsuris et signaturis.

21.
Now calves to be calued is the gyse. Feed calves with

But yeve hem meete ynough that were with childe, with milk.
e
That thai to my Ik and laboure may suffice. mark7ate mbs.
152 And yeve thaire children tested grounden mylde
6

Conmyst with my Ik. Now shepe shere in ayer mylde ;

7

Late lamber marke hem nowe, nowe frist tuppyng

Be made, lambron to ripe er "Winter sprynge.

De apibus investigandis et alvearibus purgandis.

22.
156 This moone in places apte is been to seche : Seek for hees
this month where
Place apte is there swete herbes multiplie, are sweet herbs
And bees the welles haunte and water cleche :
and water.

Utilitee is ther to mellifie.

160 But where the swarmes dwell is crafte to aspie.
And yf thai be dwellyng ferre or nygh,
first

See here the crafte ; and truly it is slygh.

1 2 3 sorbi. 4
plantatur. posito. servire.
6 sub diyo. 6 '
milio. calido.

10
146 VARIOUS PLANS OF FINDING BEES. [BOOK V.

23.
Mark the bees' Take rubrik poured 1
in sum litel shelle,
backs with rud-
dle, and see how 164 And therwithall the bak of every bee
long they are re-
turning. A pensel louche as thai drynk atte the welle,

And note hem after wider warde thai flee.

Then by thaire ayein turnyng a man may se

168 Howe ferre or nygh thai be : and to the nygh

To come is light ;
but to the ferre be sligh.

24.
2
Put honey or Kitte out ayointe of reede, and in the side
wine into a hole
cut in a joint of
a reed, and when
Therof let make an hoole, and therin doo
many are gone 172 or sweete
3
wyne sumdel beside 4
in close it. Sony
The welle or water that the been goth too.

Lette hem goon in as fele as wol in goo ;

And after hem the hoole yclosed be,

176 And first let oon of hem oute of it flee,

25.

Let out first one, And folowe fast, for thiderwarde thai dwelle.
and then another,
and follow them. Streght wol she flee ;
and when thou may not see
No
lenger hir, an other forth to telle
180 Let goo ; for thiderwarde eke wol she flee.

But sew uppon. Do thus froo be to be.

Thus wol thai lede oon to thaire dwellyng place.
But in the mornyng gynne hem thus to trace ;

26.

Or, place some- 184 That alle the day unto thi sewe suffice ;
thing sweetened
with honey near For, towarde nyght in restyng thai assure.
the well, and
those who have Or thus
tasted it will have
: a thing with hony thou devyse
a care to bring To sette
others.
by the welle of thaire pasture.
as

188 "When oon hath tasted it, anoon his cure

Dothe he to bryng his bretheren to that feest ;

And that thay haunte anoon, the moost and leest.

2 latus. 3
defrutum.
rudul. juxta.
BOOK V.] OF BEES CONTINUED. 147

27.
If they are in a
Now see the cours howe thai goo to and froo, cave smoke them
out, and make a
192 And fire hem home yf thai be in a cave, noise with brass.
If they are in a
Besmooke hem, oute of it anoon thai goo. tree saw out the
n
Thenne make a sowne on brasse, and thou shalt have
Hem lightyng on sum boshe or tree no we ;
shave
196 Hem into an hyve. Yf thai be in a tree
Thaire hous over and under sawed be.

28.

TJppewrappe hem clene, and sette hem with thynehyves;

Rub the hives

To frote her houses wel with citriage in the early

spring, near a
200 And herbes sweete plesaunt to thaire lyves.
is well ;
but be-
ware of thieves.
Yf this be doon while veer is yonge of age

The welles nygh, of unfeyned courage

Of been therto wol come a multitude.
204 Now ware that theves naught thi crafte delude.

29.
Now purge her hy ves flee the butterflie
;
Clean the hives,
and place a light
That in the malves flouring wol abounde ;
at evening in a
high narrow
A brason vessel streit with brynkes hie vessel, to destroy
butterflies.
208 A light atte nyght make standyng in the grounde ;

The butterflies wol this light enrounde,

And brenne hemself. Thus may me hem destroye

Uchone anoon that thinges fele ennoye.

30.
212 Abrel with September in houres oon is The hours of the
day in April.
Ooon twyes 1 xii, and tweyne hath twyes 2 VH.
Thre twyes v and foure hath seven ons.
;

And fyve hath v and sixe hath three foote even.

;

216 No we YII, vrn and ix, and x, xi

"With v and mi, and in and n, and i
Beth houre for houre, and foote for foote to goon.

1
xxiv.
148 END OF THE FIFTH BOOK. [Boon V.

Deo Gracias.

Finis quinti libri, et prcefacio in sextum librum.

Translator's And here an ende, er thenne I wende, I fynde '

epilogue. ^

220 Eke doon is in this moone are taught aforne.

Salvatour ! Jesse floure so kynde,
Of oon for everichon that list be borne,
And for us hinge, a crowne usyng of thorne !

224 Honoure be to the, Moure(s) of noures ay !

Thi werke awey from derk upborn

So make, as here I take ayaine atte May.
 MAY.

BOOK THE SIXTH.

Depanico Sf milio, fy feno recidendo.

1.

Atte May in places that beth colde and wete, Sow panic and
millet.

Panyk and mylde in thaire maner is sowe. Single seeds

flower in eight
INow every grayne almest hath floures swete, days; and after
flowering grow
4 Untouched now the Tilman lete hem growe. ripe in forty days.

Early and whete & sengul seedes are

VIII daies floure, and XL dayes grete 1
"Withouten floure, ripeness until the gete.

2.

8 All double seede, as benes, peses be, Double seeds

flower in forty
And other pulse, a XL dayes floure, days, and at the
same time grow
And greteth with in places nygh the see. large.
In rainy weather
In places drie & colde nowe tyme & houre move the hay till
perfectly dry.
1 2 Is hay to mowe, and yf the rayne beshoure,
Winde it not til hit be parfit drie.
Nowe to the vyne is efte to have an eye.

De novette sarmentis relinquendis.

3.

Consider now sarmentes tender, yonge, Leave a few of

the firmest vine
16 And leve a few of hem that saddest be, shoots. See that
two or three are
And holde her armes up til thai be stronge. swathed to-
gether.
A yonge vyne hath yiiowe oon, n, or m,
Armes, and sweethed hem togeder see,
20 Lest wyndes rude hem breek and overthrowe
And no maner be lefte on hem to growe.

grandecere.
150 VINES AND FALLOWS. [Boon VI.

4.
Pull off the vine- This moone
leaves whilst
is eke for pampinacion
they may be Convenient voide leves puld to be.
tweaked from the ;

tree without
24 But sette
upon this occupacion
difficulty.

While that me may with no difficultee

With fyngers lightly twyk hem from the tree.
This crafte wol fede up grapes fatte and greet,
28 And Phebus wol goo Kipe hem with his heet.

De prosdndendis Sf aperiendis novis agris.

5.

Plough and Nowe feeldes fatte in herbes overgrowe

breakup fallows
in places dry and Ys goode to plowe, and leyes up to breke.
wet, plain and
rough. Se whether drie or wete, or playne or rowe
A common ditch
is easier to make 32 It be, or full of boshe, or stones steke.
than a blind
ditch.
Lette diche it deep that humoure oute
may leke.
Yf it be weet, a comyn diche in kynde
To make is lighter thenne the diches blynde.

6.

Make a furrow
and fill it to the
36 A forgh (ni ?) footes deep thi landes thorgh
middle with
pebbles. Make With gravel, or with litel pibble stonys,
the earth over it
level without any
Unto the mydwarde fild ayeme this forgh ;
Take heed
slope.
that the heads of
And even the erthe above ascaunce her noon is.
the trenches fall
headlong into a
40 And thus doo efte as ofte as goode to doon is.
great ditch.
But hede it that the hedes of hem alle

Into sum greet diche pitchelonges falle.

7.

If there be The humour shall passe, and thus thi lande be saved.
scarcity of stones
dig in cuttings, 44 And stones yf the lacketh, this is boote ;
or straw, or lap.
If be graved.
many stones, Sarment, or stree, or lappe in it
they will do for
fencing. Yf thaire be treen, up storke hem by the roote,
Here oon, there oon to leve a fer remote
481 holde is goode. Yf it be full of stonys,
Tor closure of the feld better stuff noon is.
BOOK VI.] WEEDS, HARROWING, GARDEN-SEEDS, ETC. 151

8.

Have up this stones scorne unto the Wallis, Frequent

ploughing will
kill rushes, grass,
Thay may thi feelde uncomber and defende. and fern. Lu-
pines, or beans,
52 Yf rishes, gresse, or fern in with this walle is will make an end
of them, if you
With ereyng ofte her lyves wol be spende. cut off their
heads with a
Lypyne or benes sowen ofte anende sickle.

On hem wol make, yf ever as thai sprynge

56 Her hedes with a siele of thou flynge.

De ablaqueandis arboribus, occandis, etc.

9.

Nowe wyne and tree that were ablaqueat Cover up vines,

etc., that had
To cover hem it is convenient. been bared. Let
the cleverest
Nowe as the treen beth gladde in thaire astate workman cut
down trees for
60 For gutteryng to howe it and to hent, guttering.

A comune busshell greet circumferent,

Or litel lesse, oon of thi worchers falle,

That konnyngest is of his felawes alle.

10.
Dig seed-beds,
64 The semynair is dolven in this moone, cut olive-trees,
and clear away
Alle besily : in places over colde moss.

And pluvyous, olyves is to doone,

To kytte, and mosse awaye be rased wolde.

68 The feeld eke nowe ther as me so we sholde,

Lypyne for donngyng lande to plowe it need is.

Nowe turne ayein to gardeyne sowyng seedys.

De spatiis ortorum pastinandis et seminibus serendis.

11.
Prepare the
The spaces that in hervest sowe or sede ground for au-
tumn-planting.
72 Me wol, may best have nowe thaire pastynyng. Sow ach (or
parsley), melons,
and howe beforne take heede,
]S"owe ache is sowe, coriander, teazle,
rue, and leeks.
Melonns and coriander sowen sprynge.
Of gourdes, tasil, radishe nowe sowynge
76 Is goode. Nowe rue is sette, and nowe transplannte
A leek so drynke up bolde him forto avannte.
152 POMEGRANATES, PEACHES, TREATMENT OF CALVES. [BOOK VI.

12.

Marcial tells a In places hoote nowe pomgarnates floure,

marvel of pome-
granates. That Marcial a mervaille dooth of telle ;

80 In til a potte of erthe enduce a floure 1

Uppon his bough downe bounden ther to dwelle.

To filly ng of this potte the fruyte wol swelle

By hervest tyme ;
and then his magnitude
84 By breking of this potte me may disclude.

13.
Graft peaches,
till citrons, set In landes hoote the pechys in this moone
zuzubes, figs,
and palms. Emplastred are, and nowe in landes colde,
2
The citur tree to tille is goode to doone

88 In divers wyse, as is to fore ytolde.

Now jijiphus and figtree forto holde

Men sette or graff in cold or chillyng lande.

The palme eke nowe men setteth forth to stande.

14.

TO castrate little 92 Now Maeo '

saith is goode castracion
bulls with a cleft ... _ . '.'

cane, Ui litel boles, whil tnaire age is tender.

Perul to cleve an occupacion
Be first, and presse in it thaire stones slender.
96 So wol thai dwyne awaye that sholde engender.
In veer, and hervest, eke sprynging the moone
Is best, as saithe this Mago, this to doone.

15.

or with tin Other with tynnen tonges take her strynges,

tKoundswith 100 First bounden lest thay nolde not graunt hem leve,
J

vine-ashes and
litharge. And faire of with a knyf thai cutte her thinges,
But sumdel on the strynges hede thai leve, 4
5
Tais stauncheth bloode, and alle wol not bereve
104 Her stordy myght : her woundes let entyne
With aske of vyne, and with spume argentine.

florera. 2 3 4
citrum. licencia. demittunt. Pthis.
BOOK VI.] TREATMENT OF CALVES AND SHORN SHEEP. 153

16.

With abstynence of drynk and litel mete Let them eat

young boughs
After this feste as fede hem daies three, softened with
dew or water ;

108 Grene herbes croppes, swettest let hem ete,

and thy beast is
safe for ever.
And bowes and toppe of tender tree
softe

Bydewed or bywet whether it be.

Tar mixt with aske and oil after in dayis
112 Ennoynte his wounde, and save thi beest for ay is.

17.
Castracion in better is founde A better mode of
wyse later date.
In daies late : as first a beest to bynde,

And bounden so to holde him fast to grounde,

116 And streyne in tre the wytnes of his kynde,
And with a brennyng axe away behinde
To hewe hem bothe or have a thing therfore
;

Made like a swerde this folk 1 away to seore.

18.
120 This yren maade, thi rule of tree ley to Smite off quickly
with the hot iron
This thinges straite, and with the brennyng yre 2 to stanch the
blood.
So smyte hem of quykly that it be doo,
3
So wol the woo be shortte, of litel yre,
124 Eke skyline and stringes seryng so to enfire

TJpstauncheth bloode, and closeth so the wounde

That save a cicatrice is nought yfounde.

De tonsuris ovium.

19.
Nowe
sheepe bethe shorne in places temperate. Anoint shorn
sheep with juice
128 Por sheep ishorne make uncture of lupyne, of lupine, mixed
with equal quan-
The juce of it decoct first ther ate tities of oil dregs
and old wine.
With dregges both of oiles and aged wynys, Wash them in
the sea,
Of iche yliche a thing for sheep this fyne is.
:

132 Herewith ennointe hem alle and ; after three

Dayes let over wesshe hem in the see.

testiculos. ferramentum. ire seu doloris.

154 MAKING CHEESE. [BOOK VI.

20.

watlr lonfbeSe And yf the see be ferre, licoure of heven

n
Se them free With litel salt decocte this beest ennointe.

scald, and woolly 1 36 Oute wesshe of it, but doo this longe er even :

And over yere thai wol been in goode pointe

"Withouten scorf or scalle in cors or jointe,
Also thai shall have softe encrisped wolle
140 And wonderly prolonged atte the fulle.

De casio facwndo.

21.
1

^rdofkldtiamb ; Alle fresshe the mylk is crodded now to chese 1

r W1
wii<rVeaz ie, or "With crudde of kidde, or lambe, other of calf,
the skin which /-\ .n /> , -, -, -,

adheres to Or noure oi tasil wilde. Oon of hem chese,

2

crop '
144 Or that pellet 3 that closeth,
4
every half,
The chicke or pyjon crawe, hool either half.
"With figtree mylk, fresshe mylk also wol tnrne.
Thenne wrynge it, presse it under poundes scorne.

22.

Se^onTrate?
148 And SUmdel sadde UP do ^ in a Colde
but apart. pi ace> O uther derk, and after under presse

Constreyne it efte, and salt about it folde,

So sadder yet saddest it compresse.
152 "Whenne it is wel confourmed to sadnesse
On fleykes legge hem ichoone so from other,
That nere a suster touche nere a brother.

23.
b P
a*ciose piLe out -But ther the place is cloos is hem to enclude,
cheese should 156 And holde oute wynde although he rowne or crie,
r r
fun of hoies So wol thaire fattenesse and teneritude
much sun, or salt*, "With hem be stille ;
and yf a chees is drie,
or too little pres-
sure- Hit is a vyce, and so is many an eye

160 Yf it see with, that cometh yf sonnyng brendde,

Or moche of salt, or lite of presse, it shende.

1
caseum. 2 3 4
elige. pelliculam. undique.
BOOK VI.] SWARMING OF BEES, PAVEMENT OF SUMMER-HOUSES. 155

24.
An other in fresshe my Ik to make of chese Others press
pine-nuts, or add
Pynuttes grene ystamped wol he doo ;
the juice of
bruised thyme.
164 An other wol have tyme a man to brese Flavour with a
condiment of
And clensed often juce of it doo to pepper or any
pigment.
To tourne it with ;
to savor so or soo ;

It may be made with puttyng to pigment,

168 Or piper, or sum other condyment.

De examinibus apium augmentatis.

25.
Of been the swarmes nowe begynne encrese, The swarms of
bees increase.
Nowe in the hony combe is bredde the bee. The Greeks call
the king-bee
The greet birdde and kynges doutelees oforpos.

1 72 Men sayen thai been, but Greekes sayne thai be

Clept oestros, and goode is hem to slee,

For thai the swarme unresteth, so thai crie.

Kowe as is taught yit slee the butterflie.

De pavimentis in solar Us faciendis.

26.
At the end of
176 Atte Mayes ende a solar is to pave,
May, not earlier,
have summer.
And rather not, lest frostes it enfecte.

A double cours of boording first it have,

Oon transversal, another cours directe.
180 With chaf or ferae this hordes do be tecte,
And therupon doo stones handfull grete,
And wel foote-tempred morter theron trete.

27.
Thenne with a barre inbete batte it ofte, Beat it in with
it, a bar, but before
184 And playne it rough, but are it fully drie,
it is dry bring
channeled bricks
to cover all the
Brik bipedal chaneled bryng on lofte, floor.

This floore that be suffisyng forto wrie.

The chanels fynger grete thou most espie.
188 On evry half this bryk twoo feet of brede,
That lyme and oil the joint togeder lede.
156 BRICK-MAKING, AND SUNDRY PERFUMES. [BOOK VI.

28.
This cement, This scyment, bryk, stoon, cley togeder drie,
brick, stones and
clay, dry into one
substance. Pour
And knytte into oon til noon humoure be therm,
on it a testaceous 192 Nowe yote on that scyment clept testacye
cement, and it is
no harm to flap Sex fynger thicke, and yerdes is noo synne
(or slap?) it with
rods. To all to flappe it with ;
now brode and thynne
Tilette 1 or tabulette 2 of marble stoon,
196 Empresse, and never shal this werk agoon.

De lateribm faciendis.
29.
Brick made in
the heat dries
Now brik is maade of white erthe, or rubrike,
too soon, and is Or cley, for that is made in somer heete
likely to crack.
When formed let To sone is drie, an forto chyne is like.
the sun sweat out
the moisture. 200 Thus make hem sifted erthe and chaf to
: trete
And tempre longe, and fourmed sonne oute swete
The humour, tourne hem two ;
feet [longe] every brik
Be, and oon foote brode mi ynches thicke.

De Rosato xm de oleo liliacio xim cam -

30.
Put five pounds 204 In sestres sex of olde wyne purged rose
of rose into six
sextarii of wine. Three daies first v pounde is to doo,
The xxxth day x pounde -hony dispose
In it wel scommed first, and use it soo.
208 Take x pounde oil, x lilies therto
Be doo, and XL dayes sette it ther oute 3
In glasse, 4 and made it is noo longer doute.

De oleo roseo xv cam> de rodomette xvi cam -

31.
Huiie de rose is i n every of an unce of rose
* pounde
* oil
made of a pound
of on to an ounce 212 Ypurged
r putte. and hange it dayes
J seven
of roses. Eodo- .

mei is a pound of In sonne and moone, and after oilderose

'
honey to a sexta- .
rius of rose- We may baptize and name it, cordyng even.
And XL dayes to beholde on heven
216 In juce of rose a sester that weel smelle
A pounde hony and name it rodomelle.
1 2 3 *
tessellas. tabellas. sub divo. in yitro.
BOOK VI.] TO KEEP ROSES FRESH AND GREEN. 157

De rosis viridibus servandis^

32.
That roses that begynneth forto unclose Place roses not
yet open in. a
reed which stands
And cleve a reede that stont & groweth grene, green, and close
220 Doo thayme therin and them in it as you
let it on hem close like, or keep
them out of doors
Thus til the list hem wol
: this reede sustene.
protected in clean
pots.
Other condite hem kepe in pottes clene
With pik munyte and couchyng theroute alway.
224 August in houres cordyng is with May.

De horis Mali and Augmti.

33.
Half prime hath xxin and pryme Half-prime, i.e.
feet,
6 o'clock =
23ft.
Hath xini, and half undron hath but ix, Prime, i.e. 7
= 7 = 13
o'clock

High undron YI, and im hath mydday tyme,

ft.
Half-undern, i.e.
228 And noon hath in. Nowe Phebus wol 9 o'clock =
9ft.
declyne And undern, i.e.
Tort Occident, and lenger lemes shyne. 1 10 o'clock =
6ft.

Thyne afternoone to thi fornoone confourme

In feet from houre til hour, as is the fourme.

fo>
Finis vi libri, et prefacio ad septimum.
34.
232 So ronne away in Translator's
May is litel space.
epilogue to Book
The tonge 6, and preface to
is shortte, and longe is his sentence. Book 7.

Eorth2 ride I see my gide, and him I trace

As he as swyfte to be yit I dispence.

236 sone of God alloone, sapience,

hope, of synnes drop or gile
immuyn,
Lovyng I to The syng as my science
Can doo and forth I goo to werk atte Juyn.
;

1 2
bemes. forride.
 JUYN.

BOOK THE SEVENTH.

De area ad trituram paranda.

I.

Make a smooth At Juyn a floors for thresshing thus thai make :

threshing-floor,
and harden Thai pare it first, and lightly after gete
against ants and
mice. Hit dolven smal, and chaf therto thay take,
4 Oildregges fresshe thai tempre with, and trete
It even playne abroode. This helpeth whete
Prom Auntes and fro myse. Nowe pibble stonys
Thay bete in, and other that cordyng stoone is.

2.
Then let dry in
it
8 And
the sun. Another
after suffer thay the sonne it drie.
to clean
way is
the floor and wet
And this is oone. Another way is fonde,
it well, and turn
in small animals
As first the floor to clensse, and after strie
to tread it down.
Hit with weete, and so wel weet the londe,
all

12 Doo beestes smale in hit to stere and stonde,

And make hem route aboute, and trede, and strayne
It wel, and so to drie it they complayne.

De messibus.
3.

Barley is to be
Now gynneth barly ripe, and is to anende,
1

harvested before 2
the ear break. 16 Er the eere to breke and shede it ;
for as whete
A good reaper
can get five It is not cladde nor cloked syde & ende.
strikes a day.
The corn swells Oon daywerk of a goode repman may gete
if left to lie loose.
V strik, a febbler for in may swete.
20 And that the corn may grete upon the grounde
Thay sayen is goode to let it lye unbounde.
1
consumanda. spica.
BOOK VII.] HARVEST OPERATIONS. 159

4.

This moones ende in places nygh the see At the end of the
month -wheat-
And hot & drie is gonnen repyng whete. harvest begins.
See if it be ripe
24 But by seeing if the
first, yf it be ripe, is forto see whole field grows
red at the same
Yf alle the lande atte ones rody grete time.

Enclyne & thonke unlaced so for hete.

The playner parte of ffraunce a crafte hath fonde
28 To repe in litel space a worlde of londe.

5.

Oon oxes werk alle hervest up shall take In the plain

country of France
With litel mannes help, and in this wyse : they make a
square cart on
A squared carre on wheles two thay make, two wheels,
boarded so as to
32 And horde it hredyng up of certayne sise,
be broader to-
wards the top.
That tort the brede alway & rise.
brynk it Its jaw (front-
board) is not to
His chaule aforne that shal etc up the whete be high.

Ys not right high, but so of even mete.

6.

36 That to we 1 is toothed thicke as the mesure That apparatus

is to be toothed
Of erees 2
wol not passe hem, upwarde bende. so close that the
ears will not pass,
And bakward beth twey thilles made full sure, bending up-
wards. It has
As forwarde hath a drey, and in that ende two shafts be-
hind as a dray
40 An meke oxe that wol drawe & stonde & wende has before.
Yoke to it a quiet
Wei yoked be, and forwarde make it fare. ox, and every
corn will fall

And every corne 3 wol start into this chare. 4 into it.

7.

This teeth wol bite hem so that beth These teeth force
bifornjs in the ears in
44 And fere hem in,
5
the drover aye in kynde front. Theidro-
ver will regulate
Doo list & lethe as lowe & high the corne is, the height. This
cart is for plain
That shall trippe in, the chaf fletyng lands, where
behynde. chaff is not
wanted.
Thus shall an oxe in dayes few upwynde
48 An hervest alle ;
this carre is thus to carie

In feeld lande playne, ther chaf nys necessarie.

1 4
tabula anterior. spicarum. man. vehiculum. 6 bubulco.
160 VETCHES, LENTILS, AND PARSLEY. [BOOK VII.

De agris prosdndendis, vineis occandis, fyc.

8.
l
In coldest lan<ie tbin g lefte undoon in May
now, viz., plough
cold grass land,
MayJ now be doon, as feeldes me mayJ plowe.
L
cover the roots 52 In grassy 2 cold lande vynes rootes may 3
of vines, gather
rough vetches, Eke nowe be wrie, eke now the fittches 4 rowe 5
and cut fingreek ~ ,. ,
. ..
,
. .
for fodder. Collect and layngreek downe to rowe 6
may be,
Where land is-,-.,,,,,,7 .. , , ,

cold, now hold For fodder now is tyme and every puls, 8 ;
of pulse.
56 There lande ig cold ig hmregt nowe to huls>

9.

^ntiis
P
S
ag e
ashes
^owe potageware in askes mynge & kepe
In oilbareUes or salt tubbes doone,
iaiwubs^^they
are safe laid
'
by gadde cleyed well thai save beth leide to slepe.
strongly Trias-
tered. Beans 60 Nowe benes, in decresyng
J of the moone, '

plucked early
kept in a cool Er day
J and er she ryse,
J upplucked
* soone,
place will be free __ n
.

from grubs. Made clene, and

up wel refrigerate,
sette
9
Prom grobbes save wol kepe up thaire estate.

10.

collect lupine, 64 Lupine also collecte is in this moone,

you may^sow^it ^n(l jf me wolle, anoon it may be so we,

place.
06 in a ^ Bight from the floor as fast as it is doone.

But ferre away from humour it bestowe,

68 In that garnar that stont not over lowe,
To keep hem longe, and rathest yf the smeke lo
Perpetual uppon thaire dwellyng reke.

De diversis herUs serendis.

11.
sow cabbage at Brasik is sowe atte stondying of the Sonne,
plant it out in 72 And atte the hede of Aust it is to plaunte
the beginning of ,

August. Beet, In landes weet, or elles rayne beronne.

radish, lettuce, .. , . ,
and coriander And ache also is sowen come denaunt,
W
5own? Bete and radisshe excerciseth thair haunt ;

76 Letuce and coriander, yf me wete

Her lande, up groweth nowe this h^rbes sete
11
(
= sweete) .

1 2 3 4 5 6 resecare.
Maio. herbosa. possint. vicia. rugosa.
7 8 9 10 fiunus. n salubres.
pabulo. legumina. gurgulionibus.
BOOK VII.] POMEGRANATES AND FIGS. 161

De pomls etflore punici, fyc.

12.

Yit the pomgarnates floure enclude

A pomegranate
may inclosed in an
earthen pot will
An erthen potte, as twye
taught beforne, is bear large fruit.
Pears and apples
80 To make a pome of mighty magnitude. being overthick,
the defective are
ETowe peres and meles 1 over thicke ar torne taken away, lest
the sap should be
Away the vicious, lest juce ylorne lost upon them.
On hem sholde be that gentil fruyt myght spende.
84 Nowe jijiphus in colde lande wol ascende.

13.

The figtree, as forsaith his discyplyne,

Now caprify the
fig-tree. I have
This moone in season is to caprifie. known several
graft it. Peaches
Nowe have hem vin or ix ne are now inocu-
I wist men graffe
-

and men
lated,
round the
88 Now peche in places colde is putte in theye.
2
dig
palm. Trees are
The plannte of palm men umbydelvyng hie. now to have em-
plastration.
In Juyl and nowe solempne insicion
Hath treen, that men calle emplastracioun.

14.

92 Emplasturyng accordeth with the tree It accords best

with a tree that
That hath a juce of fattenesse in the rynde, has a thick juice
in the rind.
As and other suche be. Look up the
figge, olyve, branches of the
young trees that
Eke Marcial saith peche is of that kynde.
appear most fer-
tile and fresh.
96 Thus it is doon, as we in bookes fynde :

Of fairest treen loke uppe the brannches clere

That fertilest and fresshest yonge appere.

15.

Under the fresshest gemme alle subtily, Under the fresh-

estbud raise the
100 That unhurt, with yron reyse a rynde.
gemme rind with a knife,
without hurting
The tre3 that shall emplastred be therby the bud. Take
off the bud and
Take bark of the tree
of the gemme, and bark, and
therto bynde
to be emplas-
This and so in bondes tered, and bind
gemme unhurt, wynde on toit this un-

104 Hit softe his gemwe above alle that excede, hurt bud, that
one may take the
Oon gemwe as for another so succede. place of the
other.

1
mela. inoculatur.

11
162 CALVES, BEES, ETC. [BOOK VII.

16.
Place dung on Doo donnge upon and umbe on evry syde
and around, and
And bynde it to ;
the bowes of that tree
branches, a
a e 108 That higher beth, let hewe of or devyde
da ys
tt
Away, and dayes xx let it be.
Unbynde it thenne, and there expertly se
How oon tree is in til an other ronne.

112 Thus better fruyte of bitter fruyte is wonne.

De vitulis castrandis: de casio; fy omni tonsura,

17.

Care necessary in Eke in this moone is made castracioun

treating calves.
Now is time to Of calves, as is taught a lite aforn.
make cheese and
shear sheep. is subtil
Therynne operacioun
116 In memory wel worthi to be born,
And crafte to make cheses be not lorn,
But used nowe ;
and no we in places colde
Solempnitee of sheryng sheepes is holde.

De Apibus, cera, melle, fyc.

18.

An indication 120 And in this moone is eke castracion

Of hyves ronke of hony fild, the some 1
murmuring of __._, _ . , . . .

the bees, if the wherof is this signmcacion :

hives are empty, .

,.,-, .

there is more
..,
All subtilly & smale that thai summe,
-,

it

124 All hugely & harke yf that thai humme,

As houses holgh thaire voices multiplice, (sic !)

A signe is that her combes beth full done.

[Here several pages are lost.]

2
numerent.
BOOK VII.] TO MAKE A POTTAGE OF ALTCA OR SPELT. 163

19.
Thus siste it that the graynes stille abide Let the grains
remain in the
128 Inwithe the syve, and floures downe to shake; sieve, the flowers
pass through,
This floures smale into hony swetest slide and lie inhoney
and
And therof xxxti dayes let hem take thirty days,
then let no man
fail to make
Ynough, and thenne uptemperyng forsake them in their
1 32 No man for hem to make into thaire
kynde ;
kind.

As of rosate is taught, yf ye have mynde.

1

De Alsica.
20.
Alsike is made with barly, half mature Alica is made of

A party grene
and uppon repes bounde unripe harley,
bound in sheaves
and roasted in
136 And in an oven 2 ybake and made to endure an oven until
hard enough to
That lightly on a querne 3 it may be
grounde. grind in a mill.
Nowe til a strike a litel salt infounde

As it is grounde, and kepe it therin boote is.

140 This Juyn and Juyl accorde in houres footes..

De horis.
21.
Half pryme on xxtt feet hole pryme ; Half-prime is the
first hour of the
On xn half undern vin hool undern v
; ; ; Roman day,
whole prime the
Mydday on im and noon on n feet by me
; 2nd. Half undern
the 3rd, whole
144 Stont fast Now Phebus chaise upthrive
ynough. undern the 4th.
No lenger may the Occident asblyve
til

Enclyneth it and erst from the Est it wried.

Forthy beth feet with houres multiplied.

Deo gracias*
22.
148 Nowe Juyn is doo. Salus, blisse, umne, honoure, Translator's
epilogue.
Joy, jubile, power, and diademe,
Jesu, be to the, Jesse, the rooters floure,
In mageste that is 4 to sit and deme,
152 He 5 to us se that in that houre extreme
That 6 prison, helle, all cloose from us be loken,
And with Him we dwellyng. Yet must I yeme
This book, and telle at Juyl of lande up broken.
1
This stanza treats of the making of cenanthe from the flowers and
grapes of the
wild vine. 2 3 * art. 5
furno. mola. So. xhi.
 JUYLL.

BOOK THE EIGHTH.

De iterandis agris, de messibus triticea, fyc.

I.

Plough again
Atte Juyl the lande up broken in Aprile
early. Time to
finish wheat-har- Is efte to plowe, and sone is best his season.
vest, and clear
fields of bushes, Whete hervest nowe in teinpre lande is while
and grub up
stocks. 4 Forto conclude ;
and by the forsaide reason
Nowe make the feldes wide of busshes geson.
Nowe stocke upp grobbe and tree in wanyng moone,
Thaire rootes eke to brenne is now to done.

2.

Now the corn is 8 Nowe treen that have amongst the cornes growe,
away, cut down
the trees that The corne awaye, adowne it is to caste. 1
were amongst it.
Before the dog- Oon daies werk may xxtt overthrowe :

days, take up
fern and sedge. Nowe
vynes yonge ydolven first and laste

12 ,Wolde be ; but not in hete, and pouder 2 caste.

Er the caniculere the hounde ascende
Have uppe the fern and segges to be brenned.

De orti seminibus serendis.

3.

Sow onions, Smale onyons nowe beth sowe in places colde

radish, orage,
and basilicon. 1 6 And wete, eke radisshe & orage, yf ye
Water lettuce,
beet, and mal-
May watter it, basilicon wol holde,
lows. Sow tur-
nips in wet,
loose land: they
Letuce & malves, betes, lekes be
delight also in To watter nowe ;
the neep in weet lande we
fields.

20 Nowe sowe and rape, in roten lande rare

In weet lande and in feldes gladde thai are.

2
proscindere. pulveratie.
BOOK VIII.] TURNIPS AND RAPE. 165

4.

But nepes loveth heldes sondy 1

drie Turnips love
sandy slopes. In
And some lands rape
thynne, eke of the landes propurtee changes into
24 Er either seede of other multiplie turnip, and vice
versa.
A wonder thing a man may often see :

Two yere if neep in some lande sowen be

It wol be rape, and rape in sum land sowe
28 Wol ther ayenne uppe into neepes growe.

5.

Depe donnged lande yturned wel thai love : Upon an acre of

land sow four
That pleseth hem & comes that ther growe. sextarii of rape,
five of turnip.
An acre lande mi sester rape above If they are too
remove
thick,
32 And v of neep is suffisant to sowe. part, and the
others will be the
For over thicke it is not hem to strowe. larger.

And yf thai be to thicke away thou trete

A part, and so that other wol be grete.

36 And forto have the rapes seedes greet To have great

re-
rape seeds,
Let pulle first the rape oute of the grounde. move the leaves
at the thickness
of half a finger,
The foiles are of it awaie to geet, and plant at
A mydde his caule at half a fynger rounde eight fingers'
distance.

40 Let smyte him of, and plante hem forto abounde

VIII fynger fro : thus wol thai growe in longe
And, as I wene, her seedes sholde be stronge.

De implastracione.
7.

Solempnyte hath emplastracion, Emplastering

now solemnized,
is

44 "Wherof beforne is taught the diligence. and inoculation

of pears and
JS"owe have I made inoculacion apples. Science
now selects the
small winter
Of pere and appultree the experience:
fruit and takes
them away, that
Hath preved wel. Of wynter fruite science the tree may
nourish the
48 Yet leseth 2 oute the smale unto the greet
larger.

So that the tree may sende her drinke & meet.

1 2
devexa. eligit.
166 BREEDING CATTLE. [BOOK VIII.

8.

I have
citrons now to
planted Now 1
plannted I scions of citurtree
great advantage. In colde and weete, and wattre it so longe
Now inoculate
the fig. Graft 52 That forth thai come in greet felicitee.
citrons and dig
about palms in The to encye 2 it is noo wronge.
the middle of figtree mowe
the month.
Gather almonds
In weet lande citnr graffed wol be spronge,
early. And palm.es delve aboute amydde this moone.
56 Almondes ripeth no we :
go gete hem sone.

De armentis 8f gregibus admittendis.

9.

Time for cows to Nowe shal the bulle his Wyfes to him take,
breed, that their
ten months may And fille her wombe, in monethes x to anende
end in spring.
If they are too Thaire tyme of birth at veer for now thai wake ;
fat, they do not
breed so well. 60 All fresshe, for veer thair Yenus bronde hath tende.
XV of hem oon male is forto ascende,
As telleth Columelle, and wol contente.
Yit yf thai be to fatte her werth is shente.

10.
Where fodder is 64 In places ther is fodder abondannce,
abundant the
cow may breed The ky may other whiles be withdrawe.
oftener.
Moderate food is
beneficial. If
Mete in mesure her calvyng wol advannce.
they are put to Eke in the plough perchaunce yf thai shal drawe
the plough they
may breed alter- 68 Itche other yere thai may go to by lawe.
nate years.
Antl so shal thai for either werk endure,
That is to saye, in laboure & feture.

11.

The tups should Nowe putte amonge the shepe thaire tnppes white
have white
tongues. If they 72 Not oonly woolled, but also thair tonge ;
are spotty the
lambs will be so Yf it be spotty that a man may wite
too. From white
sometimes other If he begetshim spotty lambes yonge.
colours spring,
but not from Yit sumtyme of the white are other spronge.
black.
76 But Columelle, he saithe, of tuppes blake
White sheep Nature is never wonte to make.
1 2 inoculate.
taleas.
BOOK VIII.] RAMS AND EWES. 167

12.
The tuppe is chosen faire of altitude, The tup should
be tall, broad-
Ywombed side, and tecte in whittest woolle, 1 bellied, and
covered with
80 A besom tail holdyng his longitude, white wool, with
a long tail and
Yfronnted large, and stoned atte the large forehead.
fulle.
He answers until
From youthe until vin yeres olde thei wole 3 eight years, the
ewe till five.

Wei do this crafte, and she from yeres tweyne

84 V yere is goode, and then is she bareyne.

Yboned large, eke long & softest flesys. Ewes should

have large bones
And thai that wide wooly wombed be ;
and long soft
fleeces. Their
Such ewes to the tuppes oute to chese is. pasture should
be rich, and free
88 Of pasturing thai must have ubertee from briars,
which would un-
Fro breres ferre for thaire iniquitee clothe the silly
;
innocents, and
also tear their
This seely innocentes wol unclothe,
skin.
And wellesay to tere her skynnes bothe.

14.

92 Nowe let hem

by wynter to be stronge.
doo, The lambs should
be strong before
Males to make, as saithe the Philosopher, winter.
Aristotle says
Septemtrion pastures let hem fonge, males are born
in northern pas-
And towarde that wynde if the tuppes ofre 3 tures, females in
southern.
4
96 With litel males filleth thai the coffre ;

And towarde Southwynde geteth thay femalys.

Yf it be sooth, right notable this tale is.

15.
In hervest putte a way thi feble shepe Sell or use feeble
sheep in autumn.
100 As thus thai may be solde, or elles spende. Some men let
their sheep breed
A coitu twey monethes summen keepe at any time of
the year.
Her raam until Cupido be wele to ende.

And sumen lette hem alle the yere ascende.

104 And instinct so dayes shortte & longe,
Ther shal not lacke hem. tender lambes yonge.

1 2 4
lana. volunt. profre. ventrem v. raatrem.
168 TO MAKE SQUILL- WINE AND MEAD. [BOOK VIII.

De extirpando gramme.
16.
when the Sun is Nowe with the Crabbe inHabityng the Sonne,
* &
in Cancer, and
6 ^"^ e moone f VI * n Capricorn ysette,
da s o?dhi cf
pricorn, grass 108 Yf gresse vpuled uppe be the lande is wonne.
pulled up will _.. .

not grow again, .Lke cipur tonges l with gootes bloode wette
with a cypress And toles from the furneys if me sette
fork, or tools, -r> , .,-, , n , ,,
sprinkled with -DJ sprent with gootes bloode, the grasses rowe
goats' blood.
j 12 With theeg if me fordoQ ^ thai gliall n

De Vino scillite.

17.
TO make squill- And vvne squyllitee is thus made in this moone
wine, dry moun-
tain, or sea The montayne
~ squylle. oth^r of nygh the See
squills, as soon .
i
as the dog-star As nseth the Canyculers as sone
rises,
from the Sun;
far away
116
^VVol
T ,
j-j-i
lerre away fro sonne ydned be.
put a pound into -

a jar of wine. A stene of wyne a poundes quantitee

A , /. , ,

Of hem receyve, alle leves superflu

Ikiste away, and thai that paled greu.

18.

others thelet 120 And other garlande hem, and so depende,

leaves hang over T .
. . . , . ,
the wine, but not Into the wyne so thai go not to depe,
m
deep. it i?good And take hem oute atte XL dayes ende.
r OU gh and 2
pain8 o f the This wyne is goode the cough away to kepe ;

Sspi^dllTs- 124 Alle iUe oute of the wombe it maketh krepe

'
;

and eye "

Jt solveth flevme, and helpeth splenetyk ;
sight.

Digestion it maketh, and een quyk.

De Idromelle.
19.

TO make mead, For meth in risyng of Canieuler

8
of unscummed 128 A sester of unscomed hony doo
n y f
cie ar w a?erfand In sesters vi of weU water cler
In carenayres naked 3 children goo
And glocke it oures v to & froo
stand forty days.
132 yessel and ^ &nd after in the Sonne
"With xxxx daies standyng it is wonne.

1 2 3 investes.
ciprei bidentes. tussim.
BOOK VIII.] SQUILL- VINEGAR AND MUSTARD. 169

De aceto squillino.
20.
And in this moone is made Aisel squillyne : To make squill-
vinegar, take off
Of squylles white alle rawe take of the hardes, the shells and
rind,and put the
136 And althe rynde is for this nothing fyne, middle part only
into twelve sex-
Then oonly take the tender myddelwardes tarii of vinegar.
Shred one pound
In sesters xii of aisel that soure harde is. six ounces, and
let it stand forty
A pounde & unces vi yshrad be doo days in the Sun :

140 And XL dayes sonnyng stonde it soo.

21.
After this XL daies cloos in sonne then cast out the
squillsand strain
Cast oute squylle, and dense it feetly wel, carefully into a
closed vessel,
And into vessel pitched be it ronne. Or, thirty gallons
of vinegar with
144 An other xxx* 1 galons of aisel eight drachms of
squills, an ounce
With dragmes vin of squylle in oon vessel, of pepper, and a
1
littlecasia artu
Pepur an unce, of case and mynte a smal mint.

Wol do, and use in tyme as medicinal.

De sinapi.
22.
148 A sester and a semycicle take Grind a pint and
a half of mustard
Of senvey seede, and grynde
pouder small, it seed, mix five
pounds of honey,
V pounde of hony theruppon thou slake, one pound of
Spanish oil, and
Of Spannysh oile a pounde do therwithall. a pint of vinegar.

152 A sester of fyne aisel tempur shall

This thinges groundon well thus use it longe.
;

This Juyl and Juyn have houres even longe.

De horis.
23.
Oon goothxxn with xi,
of The length of
the hours in
156 And n with x on xn feet goth blyve. July.

Eke rn with ix on vin extendeth even,

And mi as vin abregged is to v.
To v & vn leveth in alyve.
160 And manly vi in myddes of the day
Stonde forth an houre, and uppon feet but tway.

aliquantum.
170 ADDRESS TO THE TRINITY. [Boon VIII.

Finis vm libri. Preefado in novem librum.

Translator's
epilogue. The
This Juyl
J is doon. August I must begynne
toj
latter part unin- Q tryne and oon, God Lorde, recorde I the
telhgible.
164 That sensis spille or pointe disjoynt be therynne
Is not my wille ;
and yet in it is she

Myne ignoraunce. And whi not I but he

That she myschaunce he pricke or nycke it ther
168 Thi p'uce, mene as mene or nought it be
He rynce if Aust be faust nygh September.
 AUGUST.

BOOK THE NINTH,

1.

Nygh September kalende atte Austes ende, Plough at the

beginning of
Ther feeldes playne, humyde, and lene be, September, pre-
pare vineyards,
To gynne plowe is goode to condescende. and in cold
places the vines
4 And also nowe in coostes of the See would fain be
covered.
Vyndage araied [arayed] fore is forto se.

In places eke ther it is passyng colde [N.B. In verse

5 both forms are
The vynes unwried be fayne wolde. in the MS., and
in verse 7 " un-
wried" is written
instead of um-
De exili misera vinea. wried.]

2.

8 In Aust eke if the vyne yerde be lene, The best manure

for a poor vine
And she, thi vyne, a ruthful thing to se,
is lupine, three
or four strikes to
Thre strik or rrn of lupynes demene an acre. Let it
be covered.
On iche acre. So let it wrion be.
12 Whenne it is uppe and hath fertilitee,
Turne it efte in, it doungeth best the vynes.
All other dounge is infectif of wynes.

De pampinandis fy
obumbrandis vitibm*
3.

Nowe ther is colde is pampinacion Prune thick-

leaved vines,
1 6 To overtake a thicke yleved vyne and, where it is
;
hot, do not for-
bid to shade a
And ther is hoote is occupacion luxuriant vine.
Pull up sedge
The fervent yre 1 of Phebus to declyne and fern.

With obumbracion, if so benygne

20 And longly be the vyne, is not to werne. 2
Eke nowe is goode to pulle up segge & feme.
2
hete. vetare.
172 RAPE, TURNIPS, AND RADISHES. [BOOK IX.

De urendis pascuis.
4.
Burn the land to Pastures eke in this moone is to brenne
destroy bushes
and their stock. That busshes, ther thai groweth over
If the land is hie,
covered with dry 24 And besy beth the lande to over renne,
plants, burn
them, and they This brennyng may thaire stocke & hem destrie.
will grow again
'

more fresh.
Eke if the lande be wriehed in herbes drie,

Nowe brenne hem uppe, and efte they wol arise

28 All glaad arayed newe in fresshest gise.

De herbis in orto.
5.

We have not to Nowe rape and neep in places drie is sowe,

sow radish in
ragstone or clay, As taught is erst, and radissh last this moone
but it loves a
moist air. Atte drie is sowe in Wynter forto growe,

32 In lande solute & fatte it groweth sone,

With ragston or with cley it naath to done,

But gladde is it to loke on dronkyn ayer,

In beddes brode & deepe it wol be faire.

6.

They grow best 36 In gravel best after a nobel rayne

after a good rain.
As soon as it is Thai growe, and weete hem if thine ayer be drie,
sown, cover it in.
Two or four sex- Anoon as it is so wen, wrie it playne.
tarii suffice for
an acre. Dung Two sester in oon acre is to strie ;
makes them fun-
gous or spongy : 40 And nn, as other sayen, wol multiplie,
chaff is prefer,
able. And chaf is better for hem thenne is donnge,
For thai therof wol be right fungous stronge.

7.

Salt- water makes Saltwater hem : therof thai wol be swete.

them sweet. Be
careful to have 44 Eadissh female hath litel bitternesse,
seed of the female
radish. To have With leves brode, & playne, glad, grene, & meete.
great plants,
leave scarcely Thaire seede to have as do thi bisinesse.
any leaves on
them, and so let And forto make hem wexon in greetnesse
them grow.
48 Unneth on it a litel eroppe me leve,
And sette it so to growe & gret to preve.
BOOK IX.] FRUIT TREES AND BEES ;
FINDING WATER. 173

8.

The swete of that is bitter forto make To make them

sweet let them
Oon day & nyght the seede in hony stonde, stand a day and
night in honey,
52 Outher in meth as longe tyme it take. or in mead.
Rape
and cabbage are
so inimical to
Rave, as brassik for vyne as ille is fonde.
vines, that they
would refuse to
Thai so discordeth that in oon poort londe land in the same
port : therefore
Wei may thai not ;
forthi oon utter kepe.
keep them apart.
56 Also this moone is sowing of pasnepe.

De pomis vi cam de apibus

-
vn cam -

9.

Emplasturing eke in this moone is doo. Some men now

graft pears and
And sumen nowe wol graffe a perytree citrons. Pursue
and kill the
And citurtree in places moist also. sharnbod, or
hornet, and do
60 Nowe sharnebodde encombreth the bee. what was left
undone in July.
Pursue on him that slayne anoon he be.
The werkes that in Juyl be lefte undoone
Nowe may thay take an ende in this Aust moone.
De puteis faciendis.
10.
64 Now seche and fynde up water in this wyse Seek for water
by leaning your
Doune lene and lay thi chyn 1 righte to the grounde chin to the
ground before
Estwarde, and rather thenne the Sonne arise, sun-rise. Pitch
upon a mark, and
And where a subtil myst gynneth to abounde take notice, and
judge them good
68 In dewe upon, ther water may be founde or bad.

Ther pitche a mark, and on the lande take yeme 2

Thayme goode or badde, faire or foule to deme.
11.
The marl hath veynes thynne unsmellyng best ;
Marl has veins of
bad smell loose;

72 Sclak sonde lymous & lene, unswete & depe ; sand has scanty
and muddy
Blake erthe humour not moche hath in his chest water ; clays
have an uncer-
Of wynter shoures leide up forto kepe, tain supply of
sweet water.
For swetly smylleth that lande clayes wepe :

76 Uncertainly, whoos teres beth right swete.

A man may be right gladde that hem may gete.

1 2
mentum. considera.
 174 SIGNS OF THE PRESENCE OF WATER. [BOOK IX.

12.
Strong gravel Sadde sonde gravel, and there eke as beth stonys,
and stony land
have a certain Certain humoure is and in ubertee.
supply, and
where the stone 80 Goode abundance is ther as rody stoon is.
is red, there is
abundance, but But war: for thai 1
beware lest it thorough chenes lightly flee.
escape through
fissures. In flint Amonge flynt stoon atte hilles rootes be
is cold and
wholesome Yeynes ynowe, and chillyng colde & seete.
water, in plains
hard and tepid. 84 Ther felde hath salte and saad, luke & unsweete.

13.
A good flavour And savoure wel, thenne thay begynne
if thai
shows they
spring from Under the mount, eke ere amonge ther be
under a moun-
tain ; but there "Welles wel colde in playne ther shades twynne
are cold springs
in plains if the
88 The Sonne away. Yit signes moo men see
sun is kept off.
Withy, reeds, Ther water is, as the fertilitee
alder, ivy, show
there is water. 2 3 4
Of withi, reede, aller, yvy, or vyne
That ther is water nygh is verrey sigue.

14.
Where these 92 Ther as thai growe, updelve in latitude
grow, dig three
feet, broad, and Thre foote, and deep v foote into the grounde,
five deep, and
put in the ground
a vessel upside
And whenne the Sonne adowne gothe, ther enclude
down. This hole,
covered with a
Of leede or brasse a vessel clene ygrounde
hurdle and
96 Downwarde the mouthe, upwarde the bottom rounde,
mould, should
remain so till
the morrow. This pitte ywrien with a fleyke and molde

Uppon so dwelle until the morowe sholde.

15.
Take away the The next day the fleyke away thou plie,
hurdle, and if the
vessel be
moist
damp or 100 And se yf
J this vessel withynne
J swete,
there is

baked earthen*"
^ r ^ *ke dropes therin multiplie,
ere
wm "Withoute doute ther wol be water gete.
Sny water
be softened.
A potters potte uneled 5
wol alete 6

104 And yf it be leyde therynne the same wyse,

Yf any springe of water ther wol rise.

1 2 8 6
rimas. salicis. arundo. alnus. non coctum. 6
resolvetur.
BOOK IX.] SINKING WELLS, ETC. 175

16.

ther a flees of woole in like maner, Or a fleece of

Ley wool, wringing
Yf it wet, is a sign, or
conceyve of humoure in oon nyght a lamp if extin-
108 That we may wrynge oute of it water clere, guished.

It is recorde of water : eke a light.

In oil by like maner therynne ydight,

Yf it be fonde yqueynte, ther is a veyne

112 Of water nygh ; the nedeth not complayne.

17.

Eke of a fier ther made if smooke ascende Or if you make

a fire, and the
Alle fatty, weet, & cloudy nebulose,
smoke is fat and
moist, sink a well
To make a winche alsikour ther descende, with confidence,
for springs will
116 Forto thyne honde wol sprynge or springes ose. 1 ooze, and many
may unite in one.
And springes feel into oon may be complose.2
In hilles feet towarde Septentrion
Good humour hath multiplicacion.

De puteis faciendis.
18.

120 Goode bewarre the wynches 3 whenne to delve,

is Beware of clay,
alum, and brim-
For cley, alum, and brymstoon,-otherwhile stone, which kill
the delvers
Though brynkes stonde and wol not over whelve, within a little
while unless they
Enfecteth the ayer, and delvers so begile, fly ; therefore,
ere they descend,
124 That dede thay are in with a litel while, leta light be sent
down.
But if thay flee : for thi, or thai descende,

A light into the wynche may downe be sende.

19.

Yf it ne
quenche, of perill is ther noon. If it be not
quenched there
128 Hit quyncheth, lo the place is pestilente. ! is no danger, and
vice versa. Or
An other way to this is to goone : dig a hole till the
water escapes,
On either side a pitte must have descent and bore the well
into it that the
Until thi sought licoures librament. noxious air may
evaporate.
132 And ever amonge into the wynche hem thorle,
4

That wynde away the wicked ayer may hurle.

1 2
scatere. connexe. puteos. perfo
176 PROOFS OF GOOD WATER. [BOOK IX.

20.
Make it eight This doon, the sydes make up with structure,
feet wide and
secure it with
courses of wood,
And footes vin it hold in latitude.
the walls being
of ragstone or
136 With barres bigge is goode to make it sure ;

flint. A mixture
of salt wiU cor- Or wall it well with ragge or flyntes rude.
rect muddiness.
In square or round this werk thai may conclude.
If water ther be lymous or enfecte
140 Admyxtion of salt wol it correcte.

21.
If the brink keep And yf thi
wynche in digging wol not stande,
falling in, board
it up, and
But nowe and nowe be fallyng in the brynke,
strengthen the
boards with P<?raventure it is so
transverse slippyng lande.
lest
planks,
close
it
144 Thenne an other crafte thou must be thinke :
upon thy
working men. Yf bordes holde not synke.
it oute, it may
But thai must oute be borne with barres rude,
For doubte if it thi worching men conclude.

De aqua probanda.
22.

Sprinkle it on a 148 His water newe is goode a man to preve :

clean brass ves-

sel,;and if it leave Let springe it on a brason vessel clene,
no spot you may
maintain it to be And yf noo signe of it on the brasse leve,
good. If, when
boiled in a brazen The droppes here & there appering sene,
vessel, it leave no
sediment at bot- 152 That veyne is good prudently to sustene.
tom, it is sound.
Decoct in brasse, yf gravel in the grount
EToone leve is preef that that licour is sount.

23.
Or if food soon Yf mete in hit wol boile in litel while,
boils in it ; or if
it be clear, with-
out blemish. By
156 Yf it be cleer appering like the skye,
piercing the
mountain, we
Withouten wem or signe of thinges vile.
may bring a well The wynches eke that stonde in hilles hie
that stands in
high ground to To lower stede as welles we may trie.
a lower place.
160 This must be doon by persyng the mountayne
The water so to lede into the playne.
BOOK IX.] AQUEDUCTS. 177

De ague ductibus.
24.
The water may be ledde by weies three. Three ways of
leading water,
In channels, or (in) condites of leede,
viz., channels,
conduits, and
164 Or elles in trowes ymade of tree. wooden troughs.
In channels it
And first in a channel if it be led must sink gradu-
ally a foot in
every 100 feet,
In evry hundreth feet downe from the heed that so it may
have strength to
A lite and lite a foote it must avale, run down the
hill.
168 That it have myght so downe the clyf to hale.

25.
And If a hill come in
happe an hille the water mete,
if it
the way, make a
lane and force the
Let make a lone and through thi licour hale. water through,
or let it go
Or elles by the side aboute him trete.
round it. Carry
over a valley
172 And if it sholde affalle into the dale it
on piles, or
arches, or leaden
With piles over that it must avale. pipes.
Or make an arche it over on to lede 1

Or pipes it to conduyt me may lede.

2

26.

176 In condites descende into the slade It may descend

into the valley
Itmay, and on that other side aryse. in conduits, but
wholesomest are
But hoolsumest and best is to have made clay tubes, one
end being made
so narrow, the
Trumpes of cley by potters in thaire gise, other so wide,
180 And iche of hem n finger thicke assise.
that each may go
a hand's breadth
Oon ende ymade so streyne an other sprede, into the other.

That iche into other may an hondes brede.

27.

Oil-tempred lyme this joyntes shal scyment, Cement the j oints

with lime and
184 Thenne ysels 3 myxt with litel water renne oil,or let ashes
and water run
Thorough, deching alle this hoolsom instrument. through. Leaden
pipes are un-
The water that goth thorough the leden penne* wholesome.
the vein
Though
Is rust-corrupte, unhoolsom of water be poor,
leve it thenne.
;
make a large
188 And if thi veyne of water be but poore, receptacle.

The dwell yng-place of it be made the moore.

2 3 4
ducere. plumbare. favilla. condite.

12
178 A COMFIT OF HONEY AND GRAPES. [BOOK IX.

De mensuris fy ponderibm fistularum.

28.
1200 Ibs. of lead Theleed condite conteyneth this mesure :
suffice for 10 00 ft.
of pipes, and in XII C pounde of metal shal suffise
proportion.
1 92 A thousand feet in lengthe of pipes sure.
And so whether the lengthe avale or ryse
The lesse or more of weght for it devise :

As poundes few and footes fewe applie,

196 So poundes moo to moo feet multiplie.

De onfaco mette.
29.

To make ompha- For comfit that is clept hony-onfake,

comel: take six
pints of half-ripe Sex sester take of grapes juce half soure,
grapes and two
of honey well Two sester hony mightily let brake,
pounded, and
leave it forty
200 Or stampe, and putte it into this licoure.
days under the Thenne XL* 1 dayes stonde it every houre
beams of the sun.
To boile under the bemes of the sonne,
And after kepe it cloose, and it is wonne.

De Horis.
30.

Length of the 204 This Aust and May in houres lengthe are oon.
hours in August.
To xxm feet next either ende,
And two next hem in feet xni goon,
And other two to footes ix extende,
208 And after two the next on vi ascende.
Next after noone, and erststondyng on irn is,

And none on in stont up and myddel houre is.

Finis noni libri, et prefado in decimum librum.

Translator's Thus Aust is
spende, Lorde, alpha and <w,
epilogue.
212 endlesse ende, gynnyngles gynnyng,
To make aright until this booke be do
So graunte myght and therwithall connyng,
As myne
entente is thyne honoure to spryng,
216 And jugement thi pryncis floure on clere
;

Or cloudy derk or light he must uphinge.

And I to werk am sette atte September.
 SEPTEMBER
BOOK THE TENTH
I>e agris pinguibm
t tertiandis.

1.
Fat land accus-
Atte September the fatte lande using longe-, tomed to hold its
moisture is now
Homoure to keep is plowed, and so thrie ploughed thrice.
In a wet season
It plowed is ; the same eke is noo wronge it may be done
earlier. Plain,
4 Rather to doo yf season be not drie. humid, lean land,
spoken of in
The playne, humyde, & lene lande espie, August, is now
ploughed again,
In Aust saide of, nowe plowe it newe ayeine,. and immediately
planted.
And plowed, hoote let kest n it his greyne.

Light hills are

The thynne are ereed nowe & sowe
1
8 clyves ploughed and
planted towards
And nowe nygh equinox. Thi landes dounge, the equinox.
Dung thickly in
In hilles thicke, in feldes thynne it throwe. hills, thinly in
plains, at the
In wanyng of phebus be thai to flonge ; waning of the
moon. Twenty-
1 2 So
may it moost availe and do lest wronge. four carts of
for
dung enough
And for an acre lande, saithe Columelle, an acre.

Carpentes xxmi is to telle,

3.

For hilles so for feldes take xvm. Dung and plough

; on the same day,
lest the manure
16 And every day as many is to sprede. dry up. We may
dung the
all
And thou that day to plowe up may sustene, winter ; but if it
is not done at
For drede lest the dounge uppe drie and dede. the right time,
sow it like seed.
Alle winter me may dounge also for nede.

20 Yf dounge in time on landemay not be throwe,

Eke sowe it smal as seede whenne thou wilt sowe.
1
clivi.
 180 MANURING, WHEAT-SOWING. [BOOK X.

Lay on dung At ones lite & ofte is goode to dounge,

little and often ;
more on wet
land; marl may
Weet lande wol more of it than wol the drie ;

be spread instead
on sandy land, 24 For lacke of dounge in sondy lande be spronge
or sand upon
clay, for corn or
Goode marl, and it wol make it multiplie ;

Tines. Dung
will impair vines. And uppon cley the sonde is goode to strie ;

That helpeth eorne, and maketh vynes feire ;

28 For dounge in vynes wol the vynes peire.

De serendo tritico adoreo.

5.
In moist, lean, This moone in lande uliginose or lene,
cold, shady land,
manage to sow
ador (a sort of
And in the landes also that beth colde,
bread-corn) and In thicked lande also is to
wheat at the demene,
equinox in serene
weather.
32 Whenne day & nyght yliche longe is holde,
Eothe odor (sic) and thi whete in lande to folde.

Whenne ayer is faire, that thay may uppe be spronge,

Er wynter come and*wexe a partie stronge.

De remedio humoris fy
de mensuris.
6.

On salt land 36 Sum lande is wont salt humoure up to throwe

spread doves'
dung and cypress That sleeth the corne. There douves dounge instrie,
leaves,and
plough it in. Or And leves of cupresse eke on it sowe,
let good water
expel the bad. And eree it ynne. Or thus it remedie :
Four strikes
enough for an 40 This fals humour let goode water oute trie.

In mene lande of ador or of whete,

An acre lande to strikes nn is mete.

7.

Clothe thy
Thyne hopre cloth hienes skynne, and throwe
hopper (small
square field) with 44 Thi seede therin, and stonde it there a stounde, 1
a hyaena's skin,
and let the seed as thai sayen, the better wol
stand therein a And, it growe.
short time. In-
sects, which de-
Yf bestes harme it that beth in the grounde,
stroy the seed, Let mynge juce of cedum smal ygrounde
may be kept
away with juice 48 "With water, and oon nyght thi seede ther stepe,
of sedum (house-
leek).
And beestes wicke away thus may me kepe.
1
tempore.
BOOK x.] BARLEY, PEAS, SESAME, ETC. 181

8,

An ofbei juce of wild cucumber useth, Others steep the

seed in the juice
And hath the roote ystamped of the same of the wild
cucumber, or the
52 "With water mixt, and so his seede enfuseth. root pounded
and mixed with
Oil dregges fressh of sum men have the name water. Some
anoint the land
Of helping from thees and their ploughs
beestes worth! blame,
with oil-dregs.
Wherwith thaire landes liketh thai to enoynte
56 And bathe her plowes therin every joynt.

De hordeo canterino.
9.

Nowe sowe in smal lande barly canteryne, Sow horse-

barley before
V strik an acre hath. Eke nowe or lite winter's cold in
lean, red soil.
Afore in every lande is kest lupyne.
60 But sowe it er the coldes angry bite.
It hateth slymy lande and marles white,
And aswel lene it loveth and rubrike.

To sowe oon acre sufficeth x strike.

De piso serendo fy sisamo.

10.

64 Late in this moone is pese ysowe in light Sow peas late in

the month ; four
Lande and solute ;
in weet it liketh growe, strikes to an
acre. Sow also
"With strikes im an acre lande in dight. sesame in rich
land or gravel,
soil and gravel is sowe, and break up
Sysame in fatte land for clover.
68 Sex sester in oon acre lande is throwe.
Late in this moone is eke to breke uppe lande
Ther medica shall sowen be to stande.

De vicia 8f Grcecofceno fyfarragine serendis.

11.

Nowe first the fittche is sowen and feyne greek. Vetches and fen-
greek require
72 Oon acre served with strikes vn;
is seven strikes to
the acre. Far-
Farrage in restyf lande ydounged eek rage (matlin) to
be sown in stiff
Is doone, x strike is for oon acre even, land, and it must
rise out of the
And oute of moolde are colde eke must it heven. mould ere
cold
weather. Unless
76 Til May it wol uppon to fede.
suffice it run to seed, it
may be fed upon
But lenger not thenne Marche if it shal sede. till May.
182 NEW MEADOWS. [BOOK X.

Be lupino serendo fy evertendo.

12.
It will improve Also take hede in this September moone,
poor land to sow
lupine. Where erthes are out of fecunditee
80 And lene, and nygh this moones Idus sone,

Lupyne into the landes sowen be.

And whenne thay shewe uppe thaire fertilitee,
So turne hem with the plough to putrifie;
84 And after that thi lande shal multiplie.

De pratis novellis formandiz.

13.
Now form new Nowe meedes newe if that the like.
meadows, if you enfourme,
like. Choose Lande dewy
those that slope
fatte so lenyng sumdel playne
into a valley.
Loose land, if
In places like a valey, hem thou prike
watered, will 88 Where humour nys not longe nor to shor slayne.
bear grass.
Alle other lande of meedes hath disdayne.
Yit lande solute & lene, if it be softe,

Wol here gresse yf It be watered ofte.

14.
Time to root up 92 This tyme is to be stocked every tree
treesand herbs,
and plough and
dung at the
Away with herbes brode, eke root and bough,
waning of the
onoon.
And iche impediment oute taken be.
Eke exercise it after with the plough
96 Whenne it of erthe is resolute ynough,
The cloddes broke and piked oute the stonys,
Freshe dounging tyme in wanyng of the moone is.

15.
If cattle tread For any thing 1100 beest upon it trede,
upon it, they will
make uneven.
it 100 Uneven it that wolde, it is to drede.
If moss overgrow
it, shave it, and And if olde moos thi medes over lede,
sow hay seeds ;

and it will not be

amiss to scatter
Let shave it
away clene & bredein lengthe ;

ashes to slay the The shaven grounde with sede of hay lete seede.
moss.
104 Eke forto sle this moos is doone noo wronge
Yf askes ofte aboute on it be spronge.
BOOK X.] VINTAGE. 183

16.
If the meadow is
And if thi mede is drossy, barayne, olde, drossy and old,
Let plowe it efte and playne it efte doune lowe. plough it again,
and level it.
108 Eryng is goode for aged meedes holde. Ploughing is
good for old
meadows. Hu-
The rape is sowe in hem, eke fitches throwe midity would
spoil all the
Beth ther with hay seede, better forto growe. work.

Til it be harde unwattred must it be,

112 Lest alle the werk corrupte humyditee.

De vindemia cekbranda.
17.
This moone in places warme & nygh the see Preparations to
be made for the
Vyndage is hugely to solempnyse ; coming vintage,
e.g. pitch the
In places colde arayed fore is he. casks, 12 Ibs. of
pitch, more or
116 The tonnes forto pitche is to devyse : less, for each
cask, according
A tonne of two hundred congys suffise to the size.

With poundes xn of pitche, and more or lesse,

After the quantitee therof then gesse.

18.
1 20 Sumen to xxtt pounde of pitche a pounde Some men add
lib. of wax to
Of wex wol doo, to ese it lest it lepe 201bs. of pitch,
lest it should
In colde ;
eke wyne to taste and smylle sounde split. Keep the
vines from pitch.
1
Fro bitter pitche also thi
vynes kepe. A brown and
blackish colour is
124 Yf'thay be browne and sum eke blake be. a sign of matu-
rity. Pay atten-
That is a token of maturite. tion to the grape-
stones.
2
Upon the grayne in grapes eke take kepe.

De panico <f milio metendis acfaselo serendo.

19.
Now in sum stede is panyk rope and mylde, In some places
128 Fasele also is sowen nowe for mete. panic and millet
is now reaped,
Nowe gynnes forto take foules wilde and phaselus
sown. Gins for
wild fowl pre-
And oth^r beestes, be thai smale or greet, pared against
October.
By nyght is wrought, and alle to hand ygete,
1 32 To exercise atte October kalende,
That joyneth right upon the Idus ende.
1 3
custodies. attendas.
184 GARDENS. [BOOK X.

Depapavere, brasica, timo y origano, fyc.

20.
cheese-bowls Chesbolles nowe beth sowe in hoote & drie
(poppies) sown
now alone or Allone or oth0r seede with ;
and it sowe
with other seed. f ,
if sown in land 136 Ther as thing hath be brent, wol multiplie
which has been
burnt they will Best, as thay say en ;
and no we brasik to growe
sow cabbages to For November plauntyng in lande is
J throwe,
plant out in No-
J

Wherof in "Wynter wortes me may have.

and spring. 140 ^n(j jn y eer O f foe same croppes crave.

21.

Land, wanted in Thi earth, in springing tyme to be sowe,

spring for plant-
ing, may now be
three feet
Thre footes depe may nowe pastyned be ;
dug . .

deep. Thyme Atte wanvng

J moone is dounge in it to throwe.
will thrive from
'

144 Nowe tyme, of plaunte or seede, utilitee

equinox. Wol do, that loveth lene & nygh the see.
Sowe origon whenne day and nyght is longe
Yliche, and water it till it be spronge.

22.

sow capers by 148 Hit loveth dounge and sharped stony londe.
themselves; for
their juice is a
foe to other
Nowe cappares ysowen
*
is also,

plants : therefore That by it self is best to make stonde.

let them not
spread They Forwhi ? hir Jjuce is other herbes foo.
flourish in sum-
152

That when Yirgiles downe gooth gynneth fade.

23.

Gith (or cockle), And gith is laste eke in this moone ysowe,
radishes, par- 156 Cresses and dele also in tempre lande,
snips, cserefo-
lium, lettuce, Or hoote radisshe in drie also wol growe,
beet, coriander,
rape, and turnip Parsnepe and cerfoile also forth may stande
are sown now. .

Atte October kalendes kest with hande,

160 Letuce, and bete, eke coriander seedys,
Nowe rape and neep ysowen goode in dede is.
BOOK X.I TUBERS. 185

De pomis scilicet de tuberibus.

24.
Sow tubers from
Nowe tuberes atte Octobre kalendes, kernels or cut-
tings. They re-
Or Feberyere, by cornels or slevyng, quire care at
164 The besinesse of settyng M wel spende is.
first. A plant
pulled up with a
root will grow.
Whoos tender youthe applaudeth cherisshinge. Anointed with
ox-dung and
With roote a plaunte up puld and sette wol sprynge, clay, sea-weed
and shells, it will
Oxdounge ennoynte and cleyed in fatte londe mount up.
168 With seefroth upon shelles uppe wol fonde.

25.
Thre greynes sume oute of an appul take, Some take apple-
pips dried in the
And sonne ydried sette him in and m, sun, and plant
three together.
Oon springe nature of greynes in wol make, Nature will make
one to spring out
172 That wette and dolven besily must be, of three grains.
Grafted on
And oon yere olde hem
plaunted is to se. quince after a
year in January
So wol thaire fruite be swete, in Janyveer or February,
they will bear
Graffe him in quynce, and eke in Feveryeer. sweet fruit.

26.
176 And graffe it best in plumme and
1
peretree It does best in

In Meles Calabrike, and with a rynde, plums, pears,

and Calabrian
apples in the
Or skeppe, or potte, ydounged moolde be rind ; or let a
skip (basket)
Upholden to the graffe until it finde with dunged
earth be placed
180 Almoost the toppe. The same crafte is kynde over it. Tubers

For meles eke. This tubre fruyte men kepe may be kept laid
to sleep in millet.

In mylde or pitched pottes leide to slepe.

De pavimentis fy laterifais de diamo.

27.
Nowe floores me may pave, and brikes make, To make diamo-
rou take a cer-
184 As is the crafte described erst in May. tain quantity of
wild sycamore,
Sycomore wilde a certayne is to take boil it gently,
and temper with
And boile it so, not with to greet affray. one-third honey,
and stir it till it
Two parties of this juce is forto allay mis.

188 With oon part of hony. Up boile it thenne,

And stere it until hony thicke it renne.

1
pmno.
186 SICKLY VINES. [Boos X.

De servandis uvis.
28.
Choose grapes to Trie oute the grape unhurt, neither to ripe
keep neither too
ripe nor too sour, Neither to soure, as gemmes luculent,
bright as gems, ,nn
soft and hard to 192 Of softe and hardde as goodly is to gripe,
the touch pull
off thecorrupted
;
Tho puld of that corrupcion hath shent,
ones burn the
;

stalks of the
The closter tenes 1 in hoote picke be blent. 2
Suspende hem so in colde hous, drie, obscure,
clusters in hot
pitch, and sus-
pend them in a 196 Ther noo light in may breke, and thai beth sure.
cool, dry place.

Ce vite cujusfructus humore putrescit.

29.
A vine suffering A vyne whoos fruite humoure wol putrifie.
from moisture
should be Pampyned is to be by every side,
trimmed only on
the sides, the Relicte on hit oonly the croppes hie
upper branches Pro Sonnes heete her gemmes oonly to hide.
being left as a
protection
the Sun.
from And thenne rooted wol the grape abyde.
September is with Aprill houres even,

For Phebus like in either gireth heven.

De horis.

30.

The length of the 204 Er either ende is xin and xi

hours in Septem-
ber : 1st and And next her either ende is vn twye,
24ft. 2nd
last,
and 10th, 14ft.
;
And thridde is x, and fourthe is fully vn,
3rd and 9th,
10ft.; 4th and
;

And fifte is v, and none is stonte hie. m

8th, 7ft.; 5th and 208 Surtrete hem first, and after multiplie.
7th, 5ft.; noon,
3ft.(qu. 4). First As in Aprille in sense is saide the same
subtract, then
multiply. In other speche, yf I be not to blame.

Finis Septembris ; prefacio in Octobrem.

Translator'*
September is anende.
Honoure, empire,
epilogue.
212 Laude, Ympne, and Bliss ascende (un)to oure Eterne
Almighty Lorde, that wolde us alle enspire
In werk his worde to holde, if galle interne,
Yf synne in oure entente hem nolde externe.
216 Jesse floure, so hent and bold us heer
To fie fro synne and derk fire sempiterne,
As me to gynne a werk atte Octobeer.
1 2
botryonum tenaces. or brent.
 OCTOBER.

BOOK THE ELEVENTH.

De adoreOj fy tritico, hordeo canterino.

1.

Atte October is whete & ador sowe. The regular time

for sowing dif-
ferent sorts of
Just sowyng of hem is frox kalende wheat is from
Oct. 22 to Dec.
Of November until vi Idus bio we 8. Sow also
4 Of December, and thenne is it atte ende. horse-barley.
,

1
This moone is dounge (is) caried oute on ende.
This moone is sowe eke barly canteryne ;

Lande lene, or fatte, or drie, is for it digne.

2.

8 Hit holdeth ther as seedes seldom growe,

And gretly hateth it al dounged londe. It flourishes
where other
Now fitches, pese and lupynes beth sowe, seeds will not
grow.
Sysame also right, as beforne is fonde,
1 2 Sowe at this moones Ide eke after honde ;

Fasele in fatte or bareyne lande wol rise,

And strikes nn oon acre shal suffice.

De lini semine serendo.

3.
Linseed sucks
Nowe lynneseede, if the likest, may be sowe ;
out the strength
of the land.
16 But sowe it not; it souketh oute the swete
Of every lande ; and, if thou wilt it growe,
Sowe it in fattest landes sumdel wete ;

VIII strik of it is for oon acre mete.

20 Eke suwmen sowe it thicke in lene lande,
And subtile flax ynough theron wol stande.

1
diligenter.
188 VINES. [Boos XI,

De notanda mtiumfertilitate.
4.
Mark the fertility
of a vine, but one Nowe nede is sette a signe on every vyne
year's growth is That fertile
not enough as a is, scions of it to take
proof. 24 For setting. Columelle oon yeres signe
Reputeth not ynough preef forto make
Of fertillesse but if it never slake
;

In yeres foure of bering forth expresse,

28 This is a preef of craftes gentillesse.

De ponendis vineis vel propagandis.

5.
Late in this
month propagate Nowe late in lande ther ayer is hoot & drie,
vines in a hot
dry air. Cutting
And erthe exile or hilly drie or lene,
and dressing,
etc., to be done Vynes beth best ysette to multiplie.
now in hot, dry, 32 Settyng, kytting, and pastynyng demene,
lean land.

Trailing, repairyng, bosshing vyne clene,

As taught yf lande be drie, exile,
is erst,

Hoot, gravelly, and gladsom other while.

6.
Where land is
36 So holpen the vyne of winter rayne
is
of that nature,
frosts have no
domination. Ayaine the landes lene povertee,
So drinketh it that is of drynkes fayne,
That is not wont of frostes vexed be,
40 For ther as lande is of that qualitee

The frostes na noo dominacion.

Nowe cometh este ablaqucacion.

De ablaqueandis vitibus.
7.

Cut away super- After this moones Ide of

fluous roots, and Yynes yonge
let the vine 44 The rootes voide away be kitte, lest they
balance on tip-
toe ; but cut not Be cause of deth unto the rootes stronge ;
the roots too
close, lest too And so right on the tiptoo let hem gey 1
many shoot out,
or lest they So shal she not for hoote nor colde obey.
fester.
48 But kitte hem not to nygh, lest thei abounde
Three toon for oon, or feestern into a wounde.
1
librare.
BOOK XL] VINES AND OLIVES. 189

Kitte hem a finger froo, and if ther be Cut them an inch

from (the stock).
Wynter plesaunt, apert is hem to leve ;
In a fine -winter
leave them apart
52 And violent yf thou the wynter se (uncovered) ; in a
severe one, cover
December Idus wrie hem, lest it greve. them at the Ides
of December.
For over colde doo douves dounge at eve Doves' dung will
keep away cold.
Aboute her roote, algour away to dryve. Columella says
do so five years.
56 Eke Columelle hath this yeres fyve.

De utilitate propagations, de inserendis arboribus.

9.

In September the propagacion, Now is the time

for propagating
In landes suche as tolde is of before, trees ; for they
now make roots,
Is best to sette in occupacion :
not branches.
Some men graft
60 For nowe thai maketh rootes lesse and more. vines now in hot
land.
And whi ? for branches nowe may thai noo more.
Sunmen also nowe graffeth vyne and tree ;

But that in hattest lande is wont to be.

De olwetis institmndis fy purgandis.

10.

64 In places nowe that hattest beth and faire, In hot places

now make olive-
As erst is saide, make uppe thyne olivete, yards, and all
that belongs to
And alle that longeth to thaire semynaire. the seed-bed. It
istime for olives
Of olyvetes tyme is on to swete. to sweat. Now
preserve sweet
68 Olives white eke nowe confite hem swete, white olives. In
dry places abla-
As shal be taught ;
eke there is warme and drie,
queate them,
that they may

Ablaqueate hem that thai may undrie. 1

11.

Pulle of ich plaunte, as chargeth Columelle ; Contrary to Co-

lumella's direc-
72 Yet thinketh me
the saddest ever amonge tion, methinks it
is good husban-
Were husbondrie a parcel forto dwelle, dry to leave a few
shoots amongst
That whenne the damme is feint, the childe be stronge. the strongest to
succeed the
In stede of semynary werk, to fonge parent stock and
go at once to the
76 On foote and goo eke atte in yeres holde
: olive-yard in-
stead of the seed-
Hem goode to dounge ;
and namely ther is colde.
bed. Dung them
at three years,
1 especially where
burner e. it is cold.
 190 TO IMPROVE TREES. [BOOK XI.

12.
Six Ibs. of goat's Six pounde of gootes dounge is for oon tree,
dung for one
tree ; or let every Or evry tree a strike of askes gage,
tree engage a
strike of ashes,
and let the moss
80 The mosse alway yrased from hem be.
be removed. If
Eke Columelle hem kitteth vin yere age.
boughs are
barren, weak, or But I saye bareyne, feynt, or in dotage,
old, single them
out yearly. If
they -will not
Tf bowes be, hem yerly utter trie.
fructify, help
them thus : 84 And help hem thus if thay nyl fructine :

13.
Let a French Unto the pith a ffrenssh in bore,
wimble bore into wymble
the pith; thrust Threste in a braunche of roggy wilde olyve,
in a branch of
rugged wild Threste ynne it faste, and to thaire rootes store
olive, and at
once cast oil
88 Alle naked made oildregges kest as blyve
dregs, or old
urine, upon their
roots laid bare.
Or old uryne. In this maner do thrive
Thus a barren
tree will bear. A barayne tree to childe ;
in this courage
It is good to graft
them in the wild Hem forto graffe is goode, as sayen the sage.
state.

Remedium si uva compluta est.

14.

Clean brooks and 92 Kowe purge upp broke and diche eke if greet rayne ;
ditches. If rain
has made grapes The grape hath weete, after the formest hete
watery, it is best
to get all the Of must of hem comyng, as Grekes sayne,
must coming
from them after Is best alle into oth^r vessel gete.
the first heat into
another vessel. 96 The water wol behinde alle heirylete.
The water will
let all
remain behind.
sediment This wyne translated thus is save & pure
And waterles. For whi ? It hath his cure.

De oles viridi 8f laurino faciendo.

15.
Take fresh olives, Fresshest olyve is taken, so dyvers
diverse as is
their colour, to 100 As his colour is, and, to dwelle ore eve,
keep over the
evening ; spread Let brede hem, lest thai hete & be the wers.
them, lest they
heat. Remove Eke everie drie or roton cors remeve,
dry rotten ber-
ries,strew on And rather hool thenne groundon salt let streve
them whole, not
ground, salt, and iA A
' 4 On hem in strike on x strike of olyve,
put them quickly
into new baskets.
And into skeppes newe hem haste as blyve.
BOOK XI.] TO MAKE OLIVE-OIL AND LAUKEL-OIL, 191

16.
Let them drink
This savery salt alle nyght so let hem drinke, up the salt all
night,and early
And erly sette on werkyng hem the wrynge ; set the press at
work upon them.
108 A savery oil ther wol oute of it synk; First sprinkle
with warm water
But first with water warme is to bespringe the pipes and
vessels of this oil.
The chanels of this oile and vessellyng. Keep away fire,
lest the oil he-
Lest rancoure oil enfecte, do fier away. come rancid.

112 No we eke is oil to make of laury bay.

De herbis in orto serendis 8f plantandis.

17.

The winter goolde is sowen in this Endive loves wet

moone, and loose gravel.
That loveth weet solute and gravel londe. It grows quickly
near the sea but ;

In salt lande nygh the see thay springeth sone, let it stand in a
plain, lest, if
16 But make hem mould fail, the
1
playne upon to stonde, roots be found
bare. Transplant
Lest rootes bare, if molde fie, be fonde.
quatrefoil into
manured land.
And katrefoil, whenne thai beth up yspronge,
Transplaunte hem into lande ydight with dounge.

18.

120 The tasul plaunte is also nowe to sette, Set teasles three
feet apart, the
Thre foote ich oon of hem from other stonde. roots being first
clipped and
The rootes cropped first and dounge ywette, moistened with
dung ; they will
The increment in hem is to be fonde. increase. In
winter cast dry
124 In wynter dayes drie uppon thaire londe dung and ashes
on their beds.
Let dounge and askes kest eke now is sowe :
Sow mustard in
hard ground.

Senvey that wolde in hardest lande be throwe.

19.

Yit every where it maketh plaunte & flour ;

It is nourished
by dust: it does
not like much
128 And fedd it is to dust ;
is ofte and weete. wet. For seed
But moche humour. keep it in its own
litel joy hath it of soil: for meat it
isbetter to trans-
And as for seed in natal soil it fede
it, to make
Slant
;
strong. If it
Transplauntyng as for meet is better dede be green inside,
it is good for
132 To make hem stronge ;
if it withinne is grene sauce and for
seed.
For sauce or seede that grayne is to sustene.
192 MUSTARD AND ANISE, ETC. [BOOK XI.

20.
Mallow is kept
back by winter This moone is malowe ysowe, and to be longe
from growing
long or large. It The winter latteth it, or greet to thryve.
likes rich moist
land and dung. 136 And gladde is it of fatte lande weet and dounge.
Transplant when
it has four or Eke hem transplaunte atte leves mi or v.
five leaves. The
tender plant The tender plaunte is take anoon, and blyve
takes best and
grows quickly ;
that transplanted
Upgoth, and sekkul beth the greet ysette,
large is sickly : 140 And thay that stille stondeth savereth bette.
those not re-
moved have best
taste.
21.

A clod or a stone But to fast into croppes lest thai rise

will prevent
their growing Ley softe a litel clodde on, or a stoon ;
too fast : they
require to be Ofte weded rare ysette eke is thaire gise ;

planted thin and

often weeded : 144 But to pulle uppe the weedes oon and oon
but pull up the
weeds one by That roote of it be meved therby noon.
one, that none
of the roots be And yf me make a knotte on everie roote
moved; by mak-
ing a knot in the
root, they become
Thay wol be frogh ynough and tender soote.
tender and sweet.

22.

Dill, mint, 148 Nowe dile is sowe in places temporate,

capers, bete, etc.,
are sown this Also the mynte is in this moone ysowe,
month.
And onyons forto sowe eke tyme is atte,
Pasneep, and origon, and Tyme is throwe
152 In moolde, as no we Armarik wol growe
Nowe sowe or sette and bete in landes drie
;

Is in this moone ysette to multiplie.

23.

Transplant leeks Nowe leek ysowe in Yeer transplaunted be

that they may
grow to head ; 156 That it may hede, and ofte aboute it weede
and weed it
often; and raise And her plaunte a litel quantitee
lifte
it a little, so as
to leave a hollow. So holgh to stande and in the heed to sprede.
Basilicon grows
quickly if a little Basilicon eke nowe to sowe I rede
vinegar be
sprinkled on it. 160 That springeth sone if aisel on hem reyne
I mene on hem al light if it me spreyne.
BOOK XI.] PALMS, ETC. 193

De pomis cokndis fy pomis condiendls.

24.
Who wol do perveaunce in worldes longe He who would
look forward to
The palmes forto sette he must have mynde. future ages must
plant the palm.
164 No we dates bones trie out fatte & yonge Now select date-
stones.
And hem that fresshest newe are in thaire kynde
Hem under erthe in moolde and askes wynde.
Aprille or May the plaunte is in to sette.
168 Hoote land thay love, and often to be wette.

25.
Palms require a
Solute or sondy landes thai require, certain quantity
of rich land ;
So that aboute or under hem be do transplant them
when they are a
A certayne of fatte lande as thai desire. year or two old;
and to keep off
172 And hem transplaunte oon yere of age or two; heat, water them
every now and
But do this first in Juyn and Juyl also ; then.

Eke delve it ofte, and

kepe of hete
forto

Ay with and with licoure on hit to trete.

26.
1 76 Salt water helpeth palme, or of nature Natural or arti-
ficial salt-water
Or made and yf the tree begynne seke 1
:
isgood for palms,
and if the trees
The dregges hegin to sicken,
olde of wynes wol it cure, the dregs of old
2 wine will cure
So it unto the bared rootes seke.
them, searching
to the roots. Cut
180 The heer do barke away from either cheke off the hair (fila-
ments) of each
Of everie roote, or make a saly pynne root, or drive in
a pin of willow.
And in the rootes clifte let drive it ynne.

27.
Land in which
The lande nought is for fruite that palmes growe palms grow natu-
184 Untilled ynne. Pistace rally is not good
is in this moone for fruit. Pista-
chio nuts grow
Of plauntes sette outher of nuttes sowe. from plants or
kernels but
But men & women sette together sowe ;

plant male and

female nuts to-
Wol fructifie, and so it is to done. gether. The
male has a long
188 The man is he that hath under his rynde bony substance
under the rind.
Like bones longe stones as mankynde.

segrotare. quserat.

13
 194 PISTACHIO NUTS, AND CHERRIES. [BOOK XI.

28.
And other use an otlier diligence ;-
d p ut
mo ui d Thay smyteth oute the hede of skeppes smale,
192 And dounged moolde in it they wol dispense,
wm rfeeTgerm! And therin doo pistaces HI by tale ;

transplant it to And of hem alle up wol ther a stale. 1

In Feveryere when it is waxen stronge,
196 If me transplaunte hit not me doth his wronge.

29.
it may be grafted jje loveth moiste & hoote & often drinke ;

o^mTan^aTmond
^ n terebynt in Feveryer is he

Steadies not Ygraffed, and in Marche as other thinke

thrive in heat.
20Q He may be graffed in an Almauntree.
Colde ayer and weete lande hath the chiritree.
Thaire fruites wol be smale in places warme,
And hetes that be greet wol eke hem harme,

30.

upgooth with merie chere,

illes sette

nowe transplaunted beth thaire plauntes wilde,

November also but Jany vere,
;

r aft
them. p\a?t Whenne thai beth take & gynneth go with childe,
208 Hem is it goode to graffe in dayes mylde,
Or in moones thre thaire pomes springe 2
this

In moolde, and plauntes faste of it wol springe. 3

31.

of the
* P reve(* h ave encrece of Chiritree.

tttUfcuttSgs
212 The yerdes that my yyne I sette unto
h h a ve n
us ed fo r vine - A110011 hatl1 gwen up an huge tree.

r P 8h
o n inIo
g W
Lr ge ^ Janyveer and November also,

ary^'Novembe^ And other sayen in October therto,

C b 18
Sme to g r'aft 216 Ys hem to graffe in trunncke, as Marcial
them; Marcial
says in the trunk,
<*
Saith, I in
11
rvnde have tounde
p 1-1
it
-\

goode atte
-i

al.
I say in the rind.

1 2 3 nasci.
planta. sere.
BOOK XI.] TO GRAFT CHERRIED AND MAKE THEM STONKLESS, 195

32,
he who wol hem doo If they are
And, as saith, in truncke grafted in the
Must pike away the downe trunk, the down
of alle the tree, must be picked
off; otherwise it
220 For many a graft, he saithe, it hath fordoo. will ruin the
graft. In all
This observaunce i& to be kept, saithe he, gummy trees
grafting must
In chiritreen, and alle that gummy be : take place when
there is little or
To graffe hem whenne noo gume upon hem growe, no gum.
224 Or elles whenne it stynteth oute to flowe,.

33.

In plane, & in himself, in populeer Graft cherries on

planes, cherries,
He graffed is, and in the plowme-tree.
or poplars, or
plums. They
in deep
In delves deep he is of mery cheer. delight
much
holes,
space, and fre-
228 Greet rowme and delvyng often loveth he.
quent digging.
Cut them if they
Kitte hem that dote or drie or densed be. are decayed, dry,
or too thick.
Thay hateth dounge ;
it dooth hem oute of kynde. Dung injures
them.
Nowe crafte to have hem stoonles kepe in mynde,

34.
Cherries will
232 Withouten stoon wel wol thai growe & cheve, grow without
stones if you cut
As Marcial saithe, if a tender tree a young tree at
two feet, cleave
Me kitte atte footes tweyne, and thenne it cleve it to the root,
and see the mar-
Unto the and with an yron se
roote, row scraped out
with an iron.
236 The mary raised oute, and closed be Close it again,
and wrap in dung
Hit sone ayenie and binde it, wrappe in dounge
;
the head and the
two halves along
His heede and either half the slitte in longe. the slit.

35.

And in oon yere uppe heleth it atte ones. In one year it

heals. Graft on
240 Thenne in it doo graffes that never bere, it shoots that
have never borne,
Therof wol be chires withouten stoones. and cherries
without stones
And that the trunkes roteth if thou here will grow on it.
If the trunk rots,
Humoure ytake out of hem it to pere, 1 and moisture
flows out of it,
244 TBy grounde into the stocke it is to bore. you must bore a
hole in the
Of auntes harme a crafte is eke therfore. stock.

1
effluere.
 196 TREATMENT OF CHERRIES. [BOOK XI.

36.
Against ants
sprinkle on the
Held on the tree the juce of Portulake
tree the juice of
purslain mixed
Half aisel mixt, and forth thai goth yfere.
with vinegar, or
winedregs will
248 Or wyne dregges wol make hem thens slake
drive them
thence, when the
As floures gynne and if Canyculere
;
tree flowers
and if the dog-
;

So make hem faynt, hoote, & of drury chere,

8 tar make them
faint and cheer- 'A sester take atte iche of welles three,
less, povir on their
roots at eve a 252 And on thaire rootes atte eve it poured se.
pint of water
taken from each
of three wells. 37.
But must not
it But let not Echate 1 this crafte espie.
be done by moon-
light. Or the Outher an herbe is, clept symphoriake,
herb, called Sym-
phoriac, is Ylike a crowne aboute her bodie plie ;
twisted like a
crown round the 256 Or nygh the roote a couche of it thou make.
trunk ; or make
a bed of it near
the root. Take
And chiries in the sonue ydried take
cherries sun-
dried when they
And kepe as thay begynne in ryvullyng. 2
begin to wrinkle. This moone also the male is sette to
Plant apples. sprynge.

38.
The apple is 260 The male is sette in landes hoote & drie.
planted in hot
soil quince and
; At November kalendes quynce ane serve 3
service-tree on
the 1st of Novem- In semynaire is sette to multiplie.
ber,and almonds.
Pine is also to be And of the same an almandtree thay serve, 4
sown, and fruits
to be kept for
264 Nowe pyne is sowe, and pomes forto observe
preserves, as has
already been In condiment is nowe to make afore,
taught of each.
Of iche of hem as erst is taught the lore.

De apibus castrandis.
39.
The bees are Castracion the been have efte this moone,
a?ain to be de-
prived of their 268 As said is erst, if thai be riche, and elles
h.mey, if they
are rich ; other-
wise, leave the
To leve hem halfe thaire goodes is to doone,
half their goods;
if poor it is
And if povert appere in thaire celles,
wicked to rob
them. Attend to That robbeth hem wel worthi go to hell is.
what is to be
said of wine. 272 Hony and wex as erst is nowe to make.
"What shal be saide of wyne is tente to take.

luna. 3
rugas h(ab)ere. sorbus. faciunt.
BOOK XI.] CHARACTERS OF WINES, 197

De vinis pomorum.

40,
Greeks say that
That I have redde, and Greekes in thaire faith
sweet wines are
heavy white
Afferme I thinke it here to you declare. saltish
;

wine is
good the
for
276 This difference in wine thaire writyng saith bladder ; by
yellow wine di-
Ther is, that swettest wynes hevy are, gestion is
assisted.
The white a partie salt is not to spare,
The bledder helpeth it, the yolgh coloured
280 Digestion is greetly by socured.

41.
A white styptic
The stiptik white a stomake that is laxe helps laxity, in-
ducing paleness
Wol helppe enducing coloure that is pale and making little
blood. Black
And lesse of bloode in man therof wol waxe ; grapes make a
strong wine, red
284 Prom grapes blake a mighty wyne wol hale ; a sweet. Com-
mon wine is from
And swete of rede and swettest from the sm ale
; ; white grapes.

And fro the white is drawe a commune wyne,

But condyment is thus to make it fyne.

42.

288 The must decocte to his medietee To flavour wine,

the Greeks add
Or thridde parte thay caste to thaire wyne. to it must boiled
down to a half or
But Grekes have an other subtiltee :
third. Another
contrivance is to
Of take clean water
see quyete up taketh thai maryne from the sea
292 Water purest, oon yere thai lete it fyne, when quiet, and
let it fine for a
Wherof thai sayen so maade is the nature, year.
it is
They say
thus free
from salt and
Of bitternesse or salt that it is sure.
bitterness.

43.
Its 8th (qu. 80th)
This age alle ille odoure eschaungeth sweete-.
part they mix
with must, and
296 The viirth part therof in must thay doo ; a 5th (qu. 50th)
of gypsum. After
The vth part of gipse is therto meete. three days stir it
well, and it will
And after dayes three thai gothe therto,
keep long and b
brilliant.
And mightily thai route it to and fro,

300 Thus dight, thay sayen that longe thai wol endure,
And in coloure be resplendent & pure.
198 CHARACTERS OF WINES. [BOOK XI.

44.
Every nine days Iche dales ix a be moeved, is to
it should be wyne
stirred, especially
in a late vintage.
And namely when ther is a latte vyndage.
Frequent obser- or\A
^^ By seyng ofte is what to hold ypreved
ration will teach
what to keep and
what to send And what is goode to send on pilgramage.
away. Some
plunge three oz. Of resyne drie and stamped sumen gage
of resin into the
barrel to make it Three unces into a tonne, and alto meve
keep>
308 It, and it shal endure, as thay byleve.

45.
l
They know by The must that is byrayned thus thai cure :

tasting, whether
must has
J wite yf
the
been damaged by
By taste thay J it berayned
J be,
rain, and they The xx part away
J to bone, her cure
boil away the
2oth part, and 312 Is first of gipse an hundreth quantitee
cure it with
looth part of Doon with : and other wol it boiled se
gypsum.
Until the v the parte of it consume,
-And after yeres nn in use assume.

46.
Sour wines are
made sweet by
Of wynes soure is taught to make sweet
two cyathi of 3
"With barly floure, and not but cruses two,
barley meal, left
in onehour and
some add dregs
;
As for a smalle vessel so moche is meete,
of sweet wine,
or dry liquorice,
An houre into the wyne let it be doo.
and use it after
it has been long
320 And oon doth dregge of swete wyne therto.
shaken.
Of glizicide a parte he hath infuse
All drie, and longe yshogged it wol use.

47.

In a few days And best odour hath wyne in dayes lite,

wine acquires
best odour if myr- 024 The bay of myrte agrest mountaine and drie
tie-berries dried
and ground, or Yf that me grynde, or braying al to smyte,
pounded, are al-
lowed to sink in And into a wyne barel downe let hem sie, 4
the barrel for ten
days ; or keep And after dayes x theroute of trie.
sweet flowers
dried in the 328 Or floures sweete of vyne or other tree
shade.
In umber dried may reserved be.

1 2 3 4
sanant. cura. ciati. descendere.
BOOK XL] TO IMPROVE WINES. 199

48.
And pound them
But bray hem smal, & presse hem in a newe small and
sprinkle a cer-
Vessel, and whenne thou wilt, on kades thre tain quantity of
them on three
332 Of wyne a certayne of this floures snewe, casks of wine,
and close them
And closed fast uppon the vessel se ; for six days, or
put in a sufficient
At dayes vi ydroken may it be. quantity of sa-
voury or fennel.
And forto make a wyne to drynke swete
336 Of saturege or fenel putte in meete.

49.
Others bake the
Other the fruyte of pynes nuttes two fruit of two pine-
nuts and let
Wol bake, and in a cloothe into the wyne them hang in a
cloth in the
Vessel let honge, and cleme it wol therto. vine-vessel, and
plaster it well
340 Atte dayes v yserved this wyne is. over. Give ear to
another method
To other crafte an ere eke to enclyne is : how to make
young vines ap-
Howe vynes yonge as olde shal appere :
pear old.

Who liketh have that crafte may lerne it here,-

50.

344 The soure Almaunde, & wermode, & feyn greeke, Rub together
sour almonds,
Frote hem yfere asmoche as wol suffice, wormwood, and
fengreek, and the
The gumme of fructifying pynes gum of fruit-
eke, bearing pine.
Put a cruse of
And bray alle aswel as thou canst devyse. it into a stone of
wine thus they
348 A cruce into a stene of wyne devise : will
:

be
great wines.
Confected thus ther wol be wynes greet.
Lest thay enfecte is forther nowe to trete :

51.

Tak aloen & murre & magma with Take equally

aloes, myrrh,
of

352 Saffron, of iche iliche, and thus demene saffron-dregs,

and when they
are pounded to a
"With brayyng whenne thay made to pouder beth powder, mix
them with pure
Let mynge hem with an hony that is clene,
honey, put a cup-
A cruse of this nowe putte in a wyne stene ;
ful into a stone
of wine, and it
will make new
356 And save thay are ;
and wynes of oon yere wine appear old.

Atte passing age is thus to make appere.

200 TO GIVE AGE AND COLOUR TO WINES. [BOOK XI.

52.
One ounce
of An unce of melion, of gliciride
meliot, three of .

liquorice, three Thre unce. and take asmoche or narde Celtike :

of Celtic nard,
stamp them 360 Let stampe hem also smal as may
J betyde,
J '
small with two
ounces of hepatic "With aloes tweyne unces epatike ;
aloes, put into a
ess in the 1
j
i
J^et vessel it, and set it uppe in smyke.
ancient
appear ^ex SP 0011 ^ putte in v sester wyne
364 Wol make it auntceaunt appere and fyne.

53.
e
ch ang
ash
dark
^ e wJnes Browne esehaungeth into white
or^he^whlJe^of
Yf that me P utte in tt lomente 2 of hene.

mish oTlfri
beans.
^ To P*tte also in oon galon the white
368 Of eyron m, and shake it in his stene,
The next day al white it wol be clene.

Of Afre 3 pese if thou do to loment,

The same day it serveth thyne en tent.

54.
if one burns a 372 The vyne
J also thai sayen
J hath that nature,
vine, black or
white, and casts That vynes
J yf
J me brenne, or white or blake,
it into wine, it
will take the And kest hem into wyne, me may be sure
same colour.
into a tun of The wyne coloure after the vynes take.
wine put a strike
of this burnt vine 376 For white of white, and broune of browne, shal wake.
for three days.
But therof into a tonne a strike donne be,

That is x stene, and there be dayes three,

55.
close and let
it So close it, XL dayes let it rest.
it remain forty
days. TO make a 380 An esy wyne a man to make stronge,
mild wine strong,
boil the leaf, root, Take leef, or roote, or caule of malowe 4 agrest,
or stalk of wild
mallow, and cast And boyle it, kest it so thyne wyne amonge.
Or gipse, or askes twey cotuls no wronge
384 Thi wynes doth, piluls of cupressem
Or leef of boxe an handful thereto gesse.

1 2 3 4
fumo. lomentum. Afra. altheae.
BOOK XI.J TO MAKE TVINE CLEAR AND FINE. 201

56.
Or parsley-seed,
Or ache seede, & askes of sarment or ashes of burnt
vine-cuttings
Wherof the flaume hath lefte a core exile, from which the
flame has taken
388 The body so, not alle the bones, brent ;
body and
strength and in
:

Also a man may in oon dayes while one day a strong

and rough -wine
So trete a stordy wyne that it shal smyle, may be made
light and clear.
And of a rough drinker be clere and best.
392 Now se the crafte is easy and honest.

57.

Take pepnr cornes x and twye as fele Mix ten pepper-

corns and twice
Pistacies, hem with a quantitee as many pistachio
nuts stamped as
Of wyne to as smal as thou small as possible
stampe may dele, with six pints of
396 And to YI sester wyne comyxt it be, wine, and shake
well together.
And route of so that thay togeder fle.
Nowe let hem rest, and dense hem, and to use
Hem right anoone ther wol noo man refuse.

58.

400 A trouble 1
wyne anoon a man may pure : A muddy wine is
made clear by
Seven curnels of a pyne appul do putting seven
kernels of pine-
In oon sester of wyne that is ympure, apple into a pint,
and working it

And travaile it a tyme to and fro,

well.

404 And after suffre it to rest (to) go,

'

Anoon it wol receyve a puritee :

So clensed thenne & used may it be.

59.

Cretenses were ytaught of Apollo, Four oz. of hepa-

tic aloes,four ox.
408 As it is saide, of aloes epatik of sweet rush,
one pz. of pine
Foure unces, and of squinuant therto mastick, one oz.
of fine myrrh,
Asmoche, and oon unce of fynest mastic, half-oz. of Indian
spikenard, one
oz. of sweet male
Fyne mirre an unce, and of the piste Indik frankincense,an d
412 But half an unce, an unce of mascul thure one oz. of hard
pepper :

Wei smellyng, and an unce of pepur dure,

1
feculentum.
202 TREATMENT OF WINES. [BOOK XI.

60.

Beat small and

Bete all this smal, and sarce it smothe atte alle.
strain, and when
your must boils And whenne must
skim oft the top the boileth scome of the grape
carefully. Take
gypsum and pul-
416 That wol rise and be superficialle,
verize it by
stamping strain
;
So take hem that nought oon of hem escape.
it and add three
Italian pints to Take gipse and with stamping al
it to frape
ten stones (am-
phorae) of this Sarce it, thre sexster Ytalike be do
wine thus skim- . _ rt
med. 420 To stenes x of wyne yscommed so.

61.

But first bring a But first this wyne forsaide the fourthe part
quarter of this
wine into another Into sum other vessel
is to brynge,
vessel ; then add
the gypsum to it Therto this gipse is after to departe,
and stir it with a
fresh green reed ; 424 And with a reede all greene of fressh growinge
on the third day
let four spoonfuls
of this powder be
Two dayes in his turne it alto flynge,
added to ten
stones of the
The thridde day of this wyne in x stene
wine; Let spoones foure of this powder demene ;

62.
Then let the ACto
fourth that was 428 Thenne unto it the fourthe parte be doo
taken out be add-
ed to fill up the That fro was take, and so fille up the tonne,
cask; stir it till
the spices be And move it long tyme to and froo
mixed with the
must. Stop it Til alle this spice amonge this must be ronne.
up, leaving only
a little breathing- 432 So stoppe it uppe all save from wynde or sonne,
hole to allay
their boiling Yit leve a litel hool oute atte to brethe
heats.
Thaire heetes estuant forto alethe

63.

Close up this And after XL dayes this spiracle

spiracle in forty
days, and drink 43 u Is uppe to close, and whenne the list, it drinke.
when you like.
A naked boy is The taste therof wol fare as a miracle.
best to move it.
Ashes of vine- But whenne wyne is to move, uppon this thinke,
cuttings are the
best plaster for
the casks.
A naked childe may best uppon it swynke,
440 Or oon as pure as he. In lynyment
For tonnes best dothe askes of sarment.
BOOK XI.] TREATMENT OF WINES. 203

64.
For a stomachic
Goode stomak wyne and counter pestilence wine against
in a
Thus make of fynest must in oon me trete, 1 pestilence :

:
metrete (or kil-
derkin) of fine
444 Or it be atte the state of his fervence, must, ere it boil,
suspend eight
VIII unce of grounden wermode in a shete oz. of pounded
U wormwood in a
Dependaunt honge, and XL dayes swete ; linen bag (or
sheet), and let it
Thenne oute it take in lomes smaller hent
;
stew there forty
days; then take
448 This must, and use it as wyne pestilent. it out, and place
this must in
smaller vessels.
65.

Nowe thai condite her must egestion Those who medi-

cate their wine
That wol with gipse her wynes medicyne. with gypsum,
flavour it now,
In light smal wyne withouten question after the must
has settled. In
452 Two sester gipse ynough is to reclyne, light wines two
pints of gypsum
are enough for
An hundreth conge wyne to that assigne. 1 00
coM^zi,
or gal-
lons ; in strong
And yf the wyne be sadde and mighty rounde, wines one.
Therto shal oon sester of gipse abounde.

De rosato sine rosa faciendo.

66.

456 Nowe is rosateymade withouten rose : To make

wine without
Take leves green ynough of Citur tree roses, put citron-
leaves into a
And in a palmy basket hem dispose, palm - basket
throw them into
;

And into must that yit not fervent be must not yet
boiling ; close,
460 Depose, and close or faste it closed se. and after forty
days add honey.
This taken oute atte XL dayes ende
Kest hony to, and as Rosate it spende.

De vims pomorum ; de ynomette*

67.

Now everie wyne of pomes is to make Every

-
kind
wine
of
is
apple
464 As crafte is taught before, iche in his moone. made now. Take
as much must of
Of greet and noble vynes nowe let take large vines as
you think fit

Of must asmoche as semeth the to doone. twenty days after

it has been lifted

Atte xxu dayes ende it (is ?) not to soone, from the vat, add
the fifth part of
468 Oute of the pitte after that it is do, honey.

The v the part of hony rough putte to,

1
potius me trete.
204 HONEY-WINE. [BOOK XI.

68.
Not scummed
fine, stirred till
Not scorned fyne, wel stamped must it be
it become white ;
see it stirred well Until it white, and moeve it mightily
with a green reed
for forty days,
With reede algrene, and XL dayes se,
or rather fifty,
covered all the Or better L, doon contynuelly ;
while with a '
cloth ; then take Aye with a shete, ycoverted clenly ;

up with clean
hands all the After this tyme in handes clene uphent
476 Alle that wol swymme and be superfluent.

69.

Then plaster it So gipse it uppe, and kepe it for

thyne age ;

up to keep. It
is better to keep But bette is kepte in pitched loomes smale,
it in small ves-
sels and trans- And next atte veer let gipse hem, and forth gage,
fuse and plaster
it in the spring, 480 And in a celle or colde erthe hem avale,
and put it down
in a cellar, or in In floode gravel, or ther thay stonde a dale
cold earth or
river sand,
make a
or
hole on
Do make, and drenche hem therin : til worldes longe
the spot, and This drinkes wol abyde, and aye be stronge.
plunge it in.
These drinks
keep for long
(De) defructo, careno, fy sapa.
70.
Three sorts of 484 Defrut, carene, & sape in oon manere
wine, viz. defru-
tum, carenum, Of must is made. Defrut of defervyng
and sapa, are
made in the same
manner. In the
Til thicke ;
carene is boyled nere
firstthe must is From three til two ;
but sape unto oon lette brynge
boiled till it
thicken. In the 4gQ Fro three
second one part ;
and mys but boylinge.
alle this crafte
out of three is
boiled away; in
But sape is best if quynces therwith be
the other one-
third alone re- Decocte, and alle the fier made of figtree.
mains. Mix
quinces with
sapa, and make De passo.
the fire of fig-
tree. 71.
Now passe is made, that Affrike useth make,
Raisin wine is 492 Afore vyndage and thus this crafte thai trete.
;
thus made in
Africa before vin-
tage: they put a
A multitude of reysons puld thay take
large quantity of
raisins into fine
And into risshy frayels rare hem gete,
rush
beat them with
baskets,
And mightely with yerdes first hem bete
sticks until they AC a Until
.

blend with the 496 this with the grapes so desolve,

grapes, and then
press them. And thenne hem to the presses thay devolve.
BOOK XI.] QUINCE MARMALADE AND LEAVEN. 205

72.
1 When
Ther pressed oute is all that oute wol passe, keep it in a jar
like honey, in-
And under kept into sum vessel clene, stead which
of
2 you may use it
500 And this licoure Affrikes calleth passe. as a sauce, and
it will preserve
As hony me may kepe it in a stene, you from flatu-
lence.
In stede of whome in metes it demene.
This condyment is esy and jocounde,
504 "Wherof inflacioun shal noon redounde.

De cidonite.

73.

ripe, and pare hem, hewe hem smal

T^ke quynces Cut quinces very
small, throw
And al for smal but kest away the core,
;
away the core,
boil it in honey
For it is to this effect atte al. till reduced to
nought one-half and mix
508 In hony thenne up boile hem lesse & more ground pepper
with it.
Til it be halvendel that was before.

Do pepur with in boilyng smallest grounde,

This is the first maner ;
and this seconde :

74.

512 Another wise is this : take sestres two Or take two pints
of quince and one
Of quince, and oon sester (of) aisel and a half of
vinegar, two of
And eke two sester hony therto honey; mix till
half, ;
it be all as thick
as honey. In
This mynge, and boile it alle togeder wel this pour two
oz. of pepper and
516 Til it be hony fatte & thicke iche dele ;
ginger ground to
powder.
Of pepur and ginger tweyne unces grounde
To pouder smal is therto forto infounde.

Defermento mustorum servando.

75.

A galon muste from under feet do to Add to a gallon

of must that has
520 A strike floure of newe wheete, and it let drie been trodden
down, a strike of
new wheat
In sonne, and weete it oft & drie it do dry it in the sun,
flour,

wet it and dry it

Yit efte the same in smallest loues plie
;
again: then roll
it into small
And drie it harde in sonne ;
in pottes trie
lumps and dry it
in the sun, and
524 Now gipse it fast ;
and use this ferment plaster it up in
pots to make
For musty brede, whom this wol condyment. new bread when-
ever you require
1
effluere. passum. it.
206 RAISINS. PREFACE TO NOVEMBER. [BOOK XI.

De iwd passd Grcecd condiendd.

76
To make Greek The reison greek in this maner thai make :

raisins, where the

grapes hang good where hongeth grapes goode & swete
Thai se
and sweet, they
twist the stalks 528 The stortes softe in handes wol thai take
and let them dry
in the sun, and
'
And writhe hem, and so writhen wol thai lete
afterwards sus-
pendtheminthe Hem honge and drie awhile in sonnes hete,
shade, whilst
they prepare ves-
And after hem in shadowe thai suspende
sels for them. c on
Her vessel while in dightyng thai contende.

77.

Underneath they The leaf of vyne all drie and chillyng colde
place vine-leaves
and press down, Under thai do, and therin grapes presse,
and add more
leaves, and keep And with thaire handes fast adoon hem folde,
them in a dry roc So fille it
cold place where 0dD uppe, and therto leves dresse,
there is no smoke.
The hours of Oc- In drie and colde, ther smoke is noon expresse,
tober
feet
agree
with those
in
Hem kepeth thai. This October upborn
of March. With feet is as in Harche is saide beforne.

De Horis Octobris
78.
The length of the 540 The first houre xxv even,
and last
hours in October. . - ., . , . . .

And next the nrst & last houre is xv,

The thridde houre from the first and last xi
Hath, and the fourthe houre vni is to sustene.
544 Next noone on either side on vi demene,
And noone himself stont short on footes y.
And whi ? For Phoebus so short made him thrive.

Lam Deo, fy continuacio librorum.

Preface to October spende,
November. sonne, light superne,
548 tryne and oon, lovyng, honoure, empire,
Withouten ende unto thi might eterne,
That shyne and goon aspire
Magre thi foon so list iche houre and gire
552 His spere aright, that savyng
Sterre is ther noone in alle oure emyspire :

Under whoos sight I gynne on November.

 NOVEMBEB.

BOOK THE TWELFTH.

De satione tritici, farris, ordei, fabce et lenticulce.

1.

Novembre wol with whete & far be sowe In November

sow wheat of
In lawful wise and with solempnitee. two sorts in the
accustomed man-
V strike upon oon acre is to strowe. ner, five strikes
to an acre : bar-
4 With barly wol this moone eke sowen be, ley also and
beans in manured
And benes unto greet felicitee. lands or valleys
in which the
moisture from
Right fatte or dounged lande thai loveth best, the hills rests.
Or valey ther hilles fattenesse hath rest.

2.

8 And clodde hem large, as wel thai may be wrie. Cover them with
large clods. Some
Eke sumen sayen the benes sation say that in sow-
ing beans in a
In places colde is best to fructifie, cold place they
thrive best if
On hem if me doo noon occacion : no harrowing is
done upon them
12 For cloddes wol thaire germinacion at all. They
(who do harrow)
Obumbre from the colde and wol defende. impair the land.

Thei peireth lande, but lite & nought amende.

3.

For Columelle affermeth that a felde Columella says a

field is better for
16 For whete is rather proved profitable wheat that has
been left fallow
That bare thenne the felde ther benes yeld than one which
is,
has produced
Hath been and for an a(n)cre fatte is hable beans; and that
;
we may sow six
Sex strike to sowe, and strikes to an
lesse is aboundable acre of rich land;
less in mediocre
20 In mene lande ;
but sadde lande wol the bene land but
: the
bean likes strong
In dwelle, and hateth nebulose and lene. land.
'208 MEADOWS AND VINEYARDS. [BOOK XII.

4.
Sow them on the
15th of the moon
And whenne the moone is dayes olde xv
before sunrise ;
others say the And so not repercusse as of the sonne
14th is better.
The Greeks, who 24 Sowe hem but other sayen bette is xm.
;

know, say that

to sprinkle them From wedes thai with capon bloode beronne
with capon's
blood preserves Beth save, as Grekes sayen, that thei on konne,
them from weeds.
Steeped two days Two dayes stept anoon thai wol aryse.
they grow quick-
ly. It is the 28 JSTowe lyne and puls is sowe as is the
gise.
custom now to
sow flax and
pulse.
De pratis fy de vitibus.
5.
Make up the mea- jNowe mede is first to
dows and plant make, as saide is erst ;

young vines, and

hasten to
Nowe vynes sette in places hoote and drie ;
dig
round them, and iNowe also to provyne is not the werst.
cover those that
are bare, before
the Ides, and the
32 Younge vyne and plauntes umbydelvyng hie,
layer at three And also hem that naked beth let wrie.
years old may be
cut from the vine.
Eke er then Ide. Iche merges curvature
Of m yere old kitte from the roote is sure.

De vined vetere in jug o vel perguld reparandd.

6.
Trim the roots 36 Prom hensforth the vynes that ferre traile
of strong trailing
vines, and cut On perches or forkes and over longe
them at less than
five feet
gether from the
alto-
An encombraunce are and of nought availe.
ground. Beholde hem if thaire trunnke be hool & stronge,
40 Ablaqueate hem, feede hem fatte with donnge,
And kitte hem shortte over the londe not v
Feet longe allyng, and thus make hem to thryve.

7.

Where the rind There as the grenest place is of the rynde

is greenest punc-
ture with the 44 The sharppest yren take, and with the pointe '

point of a sharp
iron : for accord- On either side, afore also behinde
ing to Columella,
matter to repair So goodly by and by, it is to pointe.
the vine will
thence germinate Eor Columelle affermeth in that jointe
in spring.
48 To germyne, and in veer theroute to stare
Mater thi vyne alle newely to repare.
BOOK XII.] OLIVES, GARLIC, ETC. 209

De putandis vitibus Sf arboribus, ac oko faciendo.

8.

Putacioun autumnal celebrate Autumn pruning

is practised
Is in vyne & tree ther nys noo colde.
nowe where it is not
cold. Olive is
52 Olyve is pulde of coloure variate. picked when it is
parti-coloured ;
Make oil of hem al blake on to beholde. when it is black,
make oil. Best
Olyve and other treen thus best is holde to cut off the
tops and leavethe
The croppe to kytte, and save on every side side branches.
56 The bowes profluent for fruyte to abyde.

But where is lande unkept & insolent, In lonely un-

guarded places
Take from the trunncke al clene until so hie cut all away to
the height beasts
As beestes may by noon experiment can reach; there
let them bend on
60 Attayne, and there let bowes multiplie, every side, but
beware of the
And afterlonge on every side hem plie beast's mouth.

Salutyng est & west, & north & south;

1

Yit alway warre the touche of beestes mouth.

De olivetis ponendis fy curandis.

10.

64 The olyve is nowe there lande is hoote & drie Plant olives in
hot dry land. It
Ysette, as erst is saide. Wei wot this tree will increase if
well rubbed and
Encre in litel moiste and places hie. manured, and
agitated by fruit-
Wei froted wolde he fatte ydonnged be, ful winds.

68 And wagged with wynde of feracitee.

And cure hem as beforne. Nowe baskettes (corbes) fyne
Beth made ;
in tempre lande eke oil lauryne.

De Allio, Ulpico Cep(\ti)lis, & plantis carduorum.

11.

This Moone TJlpike & Garlic is to sowe. For African and

common garlic
72 White erthe wol dolvon withouten donnge.
it prepare well-dug
white earth with-
Make reedes in the borde, and ther bestowe out dung. Make
trenches in the
Hem in the toppe atwene in brede & longe borders, and
place in the high-
Fyngers but im eke deepe sette is their wronge
; ; est parts four
inches apart, not
76 And weede hem wel, so wol thai wex(en) fele. too deep. To
Butforto hede hem greet trede downe the stele. have great heads
tread down the
stalk.
1
touting fort.

H
210 ONIONS, TEASELS, AND FRUIT-TREES. [BOOK XII.

12.

They say that if So shal the juce into thaire hedes goo.
they are sown
and also gathered
when the moon
And whenne the moone is downe also thai telle
isdown, they will
have no strong
80 Hem if me so we, and pulle hem uppe also,
smell. Now sow Of crueltee noo thing wol in hem smelle.
onions, teasle,
marjoram, and
horse-radish.
In chaf or smoke ykept wel wol thai dwelle.
Nowe onyons sowe, and tasul in his place
84 Lette plaunte ;
and cunel sowe, eke Armarace.

De persico, pinu, prunis, castaneis, et aim pomis.

13.

Where it is hot Kowe ther is hoote, and elles in Janyveer,

plant peach-
stones in well- The peches boon in pastyn is to sette.
prepared ground
two feet asunder. To sounder hem two footes best it weer.
Transplant them
when sprung. 88 The plauntes spronge into other places fette ;
Plant them with
the point of the
stone downward.
And sette hem deepe m
or n handes mette ;

But pitche adowne the pointe intort the grounde.

An other crafte yit other folk have founde.

14.
Others dry the
92 The boones to be sette first wol thai drie
peach - stones,
mix. with ashes
and keep in
A dayes fewe, and thenne in askes moolde
baskets. I say
keep them as you Thay mynge, and it thai into skeppes trie ;

please, they will

grow anywhere, In this thaire dried boonas wol thai holde.
But they last
longer 96 I say that men myght kepe hem as thai wolde,

And everywhere also saye I thai sprynge.

Yit sum place hath best & lengest durynge,

15.

in warm air and Ther warme ayer is & gravel landes weete ;
wet gravel cold ;

winds will kill 100 For ther is colde and wyndy thai wol die
them. Dig often
and pull out Yf noo defense awai the coldes bete.
weeds, trans-
plant at two years
in short trenches
And delve hem ofte, eke herbes bitter trie.
Transplaunte hem two yere olde to multiplie
close together.

104 In delves shortte, and nygh ichoon til other,

That from the strom of hete iche help his brother.
BOOK XII.] PEACHES. 211

16.

Ablaquiatyng hem in h(ar)vest hie, W Trim the roots in,

autumn and give
Here oon foiles yeve hem as for donnge ;
them their own
leaves for dung.
108 And kytte of every roton thinge or drie. It slays them if
we cut off green
For grene yf that me kytte of, that is wronge, shoots. If they
are sick, old
That sleeth hem uppe eke seek if thai be longe
;
wine - dregs in
water will cure
olde in water let infounde them.
Wynedregges ;

112 Yeve hem this drinke, anoon thai wol be sounde.

17.

The Greekes sayen that Peches me may make Peaches grow

with an inscrip-
Ywriten growe, yf that me first hem sette tion on them, if
taken up seven
And after dayes vn up hem take. days after plant-
ing, when the
116 By thenne oute wol a spronke of hem be lette shell breaks.
Take out the
kernel and write
Upon the shelle, and oute the curnel fette, what you like
with
And write oute whate the list with cynabare. and
vermilion,
carefully
cover up the
To close anoon the boon thereon do care. peach-stone.

18.

120 Thaire kyndes beth, oon is peche Armenye, Their sorts are
the Armenian,
Precox is next, the thridde is duracyne. the Precox, and
the cling-stone.
But If the tree he too
if this tree to sore in sonne drie
sorely sun-dried,
erthe aboute and humoure vespertyne, heap earth about
Hepe it. Let any-
124 Eke thing thing placed as
object the fervoure of declyne. a protection ward
Men
A serpent skynne doon on this tree men lete
off the heat.
think a serpent's
skin avails to
Avaylant be to save it in greet hete. save it.

19.

For frostes nowe do donnge aboute a peche, Against frost use

dung or water
128 Or water, mixt wynedregges, or the best mixt with oil-
dregs, or boiled
Of benes boyled water may be leche bean - water as
Doctor if worms
;

ashes
To sle the frost ;
and if wormes unrest disturb,
mixt with oil-
dregs or beef fat,
Hem, aske, oildregges mixt, on hem be kest, with one-third
vinegar, either
132 Or oxe talgh with the thridde parte aisel, of these will kill
them.
Her either cast on hem wol elee hem wel.
212 CURES FOR FRUIT-TREES. [BOOK XII.

20.
If the fruit fall
__|,
off, drive a pin The iruite caduke is goodly thus to cure :

of fir or birch
into the root or Of terebynte or briche into the roote
trunk; or if it
threaten to rot, 136 Or truncke indryve
J a *
pynne,
J and it is sure
it is useful to
bore a hole in For fallyng fruyte ;
or holdyng forth to rote
put in a willow The myddel
J into bore also is boote,
stake.
And putte a saly stake in it with crafte ;

140 Pro rotyng and ryving thay be berafte.

21.

Cut the rind low Lowe on the truncke as wounde him in the rynde,
down, and when
bind the woumi
^- ^ Q numoure whenne oute of it is ronne,

chaff ami when

With chaved cley the wounde ayein to bynde.
them witTgoatS 144 ^ n(* whenne thaire flouring time is so begonne,
k M1S
un 7s thrice While thrie aboute his course gireth the sonne,
rOUnd Ms
!oSfe. With sestres thre of gootes mylke hem wete,
And ther wol be the peches swete & greete.

22.

Hang Spanish 148 Upon thaire bowes Spartea to honge

broom from their
boughs, or tie it Is goode for hem, or sparte until hem bynde.
to them. Graft
according to In Janyveer or Feveryere no wronge
their kind, in
cold land in l s grafrvng hem, but cordyng to thaire kynde
January, in hot
land November,
and take the
\% jf i an(j b e C olde : and hoote land if thai fynde
grafts low. j n ;Novemb0r : but take thaire graffes lowe
And nygh the storcke, for gladdest wol thai growe.

23.

Tte tops do not The toppes taketh

take, or do not
not, or nought endure.
last. Graft the i$Q Graffe in him
Armenian and self, or plumme, or Almandtree,
But ^rmenye and Precoqua beth sure
d
fn?ciatetnAprii
In plumwe, in Almaunt Duricynes be
Lengest to growe in moost fertilitee,
160 Aprille and May hem wol enoculaire
Ther as the lande is hoote in places faire.
BOOK XII.] PINES. 213

24.
Italiene enoculacion

In thende of May or nygh ther Juyn begynne Italian inocula-

tion in May or
164 In peehes saien goode occupacion. beginning of
June bespeaks
Emplasturing (and) of hem eke is no synne, good occupation :

plastering them
And
rede oute of the plane ygraffed wynne. is also right.
Grafted on the
The Duracyne is kept in oxyraelle plane-tree
come out
they
red.
1 68 With
dregges myxt wel for to taste and smelle.

25.
The bones oute, as figges sumwen drie The stones being
taken out, some
Hem and suspende ;
eke I have seen, the bonys dry peaches like
I have
figs.
Detracte of ]>uracyne, in hony trie seen Cling-stone
peaches, after the
stones were re-
1 72 So kept that gladder tasting never noon is,
moved, kept in
Hoote pitche a droppe if into iche (n)aveP goone is honey, so that
;
none were of
better taste, if a
That so thai be coart (coact ?) to swymme in sape,
drop of pitch be
poured in the
Enclude hem, and alle harme thai shal escape. navel.

26.
1 76 Thai sayen the pyne 2 unto all thing under sowe The Pine does
good to every
Is commodious, and his sowing is thus : thing sown un-
der it. Plant in
& drier growe
His kurnels wol in hoote October or Nov-
ember in dry
In October, or November not mys, land ; in Feb-
ruary or March
180 In Peveryere or Marche ther colde weet is. where wet. It
delights in fine
land amid hills
In smal lande nygh the see, amonge the hillys and stones.
And stones, wide and fresshe this tree at wille is.

27.

In wyndy moiste encreseth thai right greet. They grow large

in windy places.
184 But with this tree what grounde ever shal growe, But whatever
the ground, it is
As is for other treen is not to trete. not to be treated
like that for other

But plowe it, whete on it as me wolde sowe, it

but plough
trees,
as if wheat
were to be sown
And right as wheet in it the seedes strowe ;
in it.

188 And wrie it light, an handbrede it descende,

And let noo beste his tender youthe offende.

1
umbilicum. pmus.
214 TREATMENT OF PINES AND PLUMS. [BOOK XII.

28.

Steeping the Three daies wattering up helpeth eke

kernels three
days in water To greet encrece, and his translacion
helps to make
them grow large; 192 The pynes fruyte wol easy make & meke.
transplanting
makes them mild. Eke plauntes have this procuracion
Place the seed
under ground in Unto thaire greet multiplicacion :
baskets with
mould. That first is doone the seede with moolde & dounge
196 In skeppes under lande to rere up yonge.

29.

Remove the Whenne thai come up the smallest fro thai do

weakest that the
strongest may So that the saddest faster may ascende :

grow faster.
After three years Atte in yere olde, this skeppes broken
the baskets being fro,
burst, they shall 900 In delves large adowne shal thai descende.
strike down. Put
on them alternate And dounge asmoche as moolde aboute hem spende ;
flakes of dung
and mould.
A flake of this, a flake of that thai make,
So hath a kake of moolde of dounge a kake.

30.

See that the top- 204 But see wel that the chief roote oon directe
root, one and
straight, be re- Be hool translate unto his summyte
moved whole to
its extremity. "Withouten hurte and in no wise enfecte.
Cutting helps
them to nourish, Putacion so helpeth hem to thee
so that we shall
see them grow 208 That two so high ascende hem shal me se
twice as high as
we expect. As me wol wene ;
and thaire nuttes abide
Wol on the tree, and ripe until this tide.

31.

Pun them before But pulle hem rather then thai flete atwvnne.
*
they split asun-
der. pium-stones 212 Thaire nuttes must be clensed forto kepe.
steeped grow
more cheerily. Newe erthen pottes sum^en kepe hem ynne,
So thai in erthe & with thaire shelles slepe.

Nowe plommes boon to sowe is two hande depe

216 In lande subact; the same in Feveryere.

First stept in lye up goth with gladder chere.
BOOK XII.] TREATMENT OF PLUMS. 215

32.

His plaunte is sette uptake in Janyveer The plant is

taken from the
As from the codde, and nygh the moones ende. stem in the end
of January or
220 Or plaunte hem nygh the Ide of Feveryeer. middle of Febru-
ary. Surround
The rootes wel in donnging umbywende. the roots with
dung. Where it
is warm they
In fatte lande moist thay joyfulliche ascende. grow bravely,
but yet they can
And ther is warme eke hugely thai bold, stand the cold.
224 Yit not for thi thay may endure in colde.

33.
Where it is clayey
Ther cleyi landes are & lapidose, dung them and
give no cause for
With dounge goode to help hem & excuse
is their falling
wormeaten. Cut
Lest thaire fruite falle and be vermyculose. off all the suckers
from the root,
228 The plauntes from the rootes eke refuse but leave the best
unpulled. Heal
Not up to pulle eke plauntes faire excuse
; your sick plums
thus:
To stande unpuld, that thai be not to seke. 1

And hele in this maner thi prunes seek a :

34.
Cast on them
232 Oildregges water tempered evenly oil-dregs mixt
equally with
Let kest on hem, or oxe uryne alone, water, or old
brine with two
Or olde bryne admixt unevenly parts water, or
ashes from an
With water parties two, or of an oone* oven, and especi-
ally loppings.
236 Askes, and rathest of sarment be doone
On hem, and if caduk thaire fruites be
Dryve in the roote of Oliastre tree.

35.

Eubrik and taar 4 wormes & anntes sleth ;

Red ochre and
tar kill worms;
240 Doon esy on for of the tree, put on lightly,
harmyng not to harm the
tree. Some graft
Lest medicyne eschaunge into the deth. in January before

Ydolven and wet holpen thai be.

ofte they weep gum.

Thai graffed are in Marche extremyte

244 In truncke or rynde hem graffeth also sum we
;

In Janyveer er thenne thay wepe gumwe.

1 3 furno.
querendae. languidas. pix liquida.
216 CHESTNUT TREES. [BOOK XII.

36.
Plums are
grafted on al-
In Almaunt, in himself, in male, in peche,
monds, plums,
apples, and Ys graifed plumme and plommes summen
; drie,
peaches. Some
dry them on hur-
And hem on fleykes kepe and other teche ;

dies, and gather

selected ones in Whenne see water or dregges boiling frie
sea water or boil-
ing dregs, and The plommes fresshe collect ther into trie.
dry them in the
sun or lukewarm Hem
taken uppe so drieth thai in sonne,
252 Or in an oven luke, and thai beth wonne

37.
The chestnut 1
Chasten wol uppe of plauntes that alone
will grow from
self-sown plants,
or from seed. In TJpgrowe, or of his seedes multiplie.
two years it will
be sick. Choose The plaunte in yeres two wol gynne grone
out good strong
For and peraventure he wol die.
seke,

Freshe, ripe, and grete of hem to sette oute trie.

In November hem sette, and up thai crepe.

And thus to sowe in Feveryere hem kepe.

38.
them in
hem
Dry
heaps and cover
OfiO Drie in shade, and hem togeder hepe,
with river sand
for twenty days.
"With floode gravel let diligence hem wrie,
When that is
done place them And xxx
dayes under that hem kepe :

in water, where
the sick swim, Thenne, doone of that, hem into water trie.
and the healthy *
QA Ther
sink. Again put *v* swymmeth seeke and hool adowne wol ; hie.
the good ones
under gravel, and Ayaine the goode under gravel be do,
try them thus
three times. And tried efte and thries preve hem so.

39.
You may
them
plant
quite se-
Hem that remain al sekur maist thou sowe.
curely. OAQ
Some ZD? Sumew in gravel hem and so kepe.
keep them in closeth,
gravel ; but they In lande and
do not like sandy solute softe uppe wol thai growe
land. Black earth
is and But as of gravel lande no thing thai kepe. 2
suitable,
carbuncle, and
ragstone well In sandy lande thai stande if that it wepe
broken.
Black erthe is apte, and londe carbunculyne,
And ragstoon all to rapte is for hem digne.

1
castanea. optant.
BOOK XII.] CHESTNUT TREES. -217

40.

Thai growe unneth in sadde lande or rubrike, They scarcely

grow in strong
or red land, or
And for noothing the cley thai may not use,
clay. They like
a cold climate,
276 The colde estate of heven wele thai like. hut do not object
to one partly
Aparty warme also thai not refuse,
warm, or to hills
if there be mois-
Nor clyves ther humoure is not excluse. ture they love a
:

northern aspect,
Thai loveth derk septentrion beholde, and do best in
well - prepared
280 And best in pastynated lande thai holde. land.

41.

Pastyne it deep a foote and half, or plowe Dig one and a

half foot deep, or
plough here and
Itby and by, and wel with dounge it fede, there; feed well
And with dung; put
therin do thi chastens forto growe in your chestnuts
284 A foote depe the crafte is hem to seede.
one foot deep,
three or four in
each hole, and
Sette uppe a stick upon hem the to lede. four feet apart.

And sette in everie stede or in or v ;

But footes iv asonder hem to thryve.

42.
in
288 Transplantyng hem is best atte yeres two. Transplant
two years, make
gutters to keep
So gutteryng the water from hem shelve ; off the water,
which would de-
If water stande on hem thai beth fordo. stroy them. The
chestnut may be
Also this tree may pleched be him selve. propagated by
suckers. Prun-
292 Eke besily the yonge it is to delve. ing is growth to
them.
In Marche and September putacion
To chastens is incrementacion.

43.
Graft them in
Thai graffed beth in rynde, as I have preved, March. Inocu-
296 In Marche and in Aprille, and right wel do. lating is also suc-
cessful. Grafted
on willows they
Inoculing also in hem hath cheved. have an indif-
ferent flavour.
In saly if me graffe hem forth thai go. Keep them in
wicker baskets,
And ripeth late and tasteth not but so. or in sand laid
asunder.
300 Chasteynes kest in flakes me may kepe,
Or under sande asonder leyde to slepe.
218 TREATMENT OF APIARIES. [BOOK XIT.

44.
Others keep them And hem in erthen pottes doo,
other
in earthen pots,
or dry holes, or
beechen baskets,
Anddelveth hem in places that beth drie.
or they fold bar- 3Q4 In beechen baskettes men save also
ley-chaff round
them, or we may This with cley be stanche ywrie.
use thick baskets fruite, so thai
of and
sedge
cover them up.
Or smallest barly chaf aboute hem plie,
Or baskettes of segges me may use,
308 So thai be thicke, and save hem ther recluse.

45.
The wild pear is This moone in places (drie) and regions colde
now to be planted
for grafting; the
The piry wilde is sette ygraffed to be,
citron, olive,
pomegranate, to holde
service, medlar,
Citur, (and) Olyve, eke Pomgarnat
carob, mulberry, o i o The
cherry, fig, al- Serve, and Meddleler, and Silique tree,
mond, and wal- The Molbury, the Chery, and
nut are to be Fig-tree,
renewed.
Almandes, and Juglande in semynaire,
As crafte is taught beforne, is to repaire.

De mundandis fy muniendis apium castris.

46.
The bee picks 316 Atte gynnyng of this moone of thamarike
some honey from
tamarisk,
which should be
etc., And other floures wilde useth the bee
left for their it be smal, sumdel to pike
winter store. Hony, though ;

Cleanse their
Thaire winter stoor is reson that it be.
hives now, for
it would harm
them to move
320 Now clensed alle thaire houses is to' se ;

them in winter.
For wynter moeving like is hem to harme.
But do this in a faire day and a warme. .

47.
Have them swept hem with
with a wing,
Let sweepe a wynge and with a penne,
pinion, or fea- Or fether of a foul there as an honde
ther of a fowl
where the hand not come to *

cannot enter ; May ; pike all the filthes thenne ;

stop every chink

that is found, and Stoppe every cheve aboute her houses fonde
spread a covering
of broom over "With cleyed dounge and over ther thai stonde
;

them.
A tegument of brom or such extende
Hem fro tempest and coldes to defende.
1
inde.
BOOK XII.l VINES, OIL. 219

Remedium vitibus quce sinefruge luxuriant.

48.

In places glade and warme if vyne abounde If vines abound

in leaf, and have
In leef, and have of fruite but povertee, little fruit, cut
them close, and
332 Now kitte hem short and thai wol be feconde. they will be fruit-
ful. If this do
In colde lande this in Feryere doone be not succeed, heap
; ashes or river
And if thai amende not, yheped se sand about the
roots. Some drive
stones into them.
Askes or floode gravel aboute her roote,
336 That sumwen stoones dryve into for boote.

Remedium sterili viti.

49.

The same To cure a barren

place and'tyme a bareyne vyne
vine, cleave the
Is thus to cure : his storke is first to cleve, stalk and put a
stone in it.

And ther enclude a stoone eke olde uryne Throw four pints
;
of old urine
upon
340 Let cotuls nn aboute it helde at eve, it,and remove
the earth from
that the mois-
And alle the moulde aboute it to remeve, it,
ture may descend
to the roots :
That this licoure the rootes to descende, then put to it
earth and dung.
Eke ley to lande and dounge, and thai wol mende.

N.B. Here several Stanzas have been torn out, and

the following cannot be numbered.

For browsty * oil white wex is to resolve To cure rancid

oil melt white
In fynest oil, and therin throwe it so :
wax in fine oil,
and hot ground
on salt, and cover
Hoot salt ygrounde is it to dissolve all up. Oil
should be kept in
And in a vessel wried alle be do.
earthenware, its
nature is to be
So wol it mende odoure and taste also. purified by salt,
or fire, or hot
In erthe ich oil to kepe is his nature, water.

Whom salt, or fire, or water hoote may pure.

1
rancid.
220 OLIVES. [BOOK XII.

De condiensis olivis.
This month
olives are made
This moone made olyve in condyment
is ;

into preserves :
there are several That is dyvers Oon olyve columbare
:

kinds. The light

(or swimming)
Ther flaketh first olyve as fundament ;

olive is preserved
by sprinkling on And after that the pulioles are ;
alternate flakes
of olives penny- A flake on that hony and saltes rare,
royal, honey, and
a little salt. Or Or flake olyve and fenel graffes be
put thereon a
layer of olive and Theron or birche, or dile, or olif tree.
fennel cuttings,
or birch, or dill.

.B. Another chasm.

So are they kept

only eight days.
So beth thai oonly daies VHI endured.
Unbruised olive 1
isplaced in brine, Olyve unhurt in barme of oil is do,
which is fined in
forty days. If That after XL dayes up is pured.
you want it sweet
add two parts of And swetter for to have it, do therto
syrup, one of
vinegar; if sour, Two parties sape and aisel oon also.
one part syrup,
two vinegar. To have it sharpe, of aysel tweyne infounde
And oon of sape, as may the sharpe abounde.

A pint of raisin A sester passe, a

2
yespon alto grounde
wine, a double
handful of cin- Of cyner, of olde vyne a quantitee
der-ashes, a
3
quantity of old Foil of cupresse a parte in it contounde.
wine, bruised
cypress leaves :
Let mynge all this olyves nowe let se,
mix all this and ;

steep make a
crust
it,
Suche as unhurt beth taken from the tree,
upon it,
and fill up to the
brim.
Doon in and dreynt, a cruste upon it make,
And fille it to the brinke until it take.

- 3
muria. quantum manus utraque comprehendere possit. contunde.
 NOTES.

1/4. Gesner considers this to be a taunt. aimed at Columella,

though he gives no more occasion for it than Palladius himself; and
the latter by his remark in the next line seems to be conscious that he
is open to this retort.

4/8."Us is to write," and 43/1165, "us to were honest is," are

instances of the old dative : and so " the was saide"=it was said to
thee, 81/570; and 96/1001, "is hem to stoppe"=they must stop:
but "me moost enforme," 1/2, and " The floure me with the roos is
not to take," 80/528, are different: in these latter instances me may
be the nominative, like the French on.
2/23. "hole" should have been printed hoole. Qy. whether we are
not wrong in writing wholesome, as if from walg, and not holesom
fromA.S. "hsel."
To " take to
4/74. probably
take, pieces," suligis; or it may be the
to frequently redundant before the imperative.
4/80. ataste alore="judicio saporis explores"; but which is the

verb, and which the adverb, it does not seem easy to determine.
4/94. The metre seems to require that Thater should here be
written in full " the water."
5/117. Sic in MS., but Clerces is more probably the right reading.
6/125. obeye unto, as in Chaucer, "to Nature obey," representing
the Latin dative.

6/152. This redundant as is frequent in Chaucer, e.g. Knight's

Tale, "As keep me from the vengans of thilk yre." See mfrd,
9/226, etc.
7/160. Sic in MS., but selve is more probable.

7/168. synne represents the old corrupt reading vitium, instead of

vicinus.

8/199. to thair above = to

an improved condition. See Professor
Child,
'
On Gower and Chaucer,' in Ellis's
Certain Peculiar Phrases in
Part I. This remarkable expression
Early English Pronunciation,
occurs also in Eobert Manning of Brunne's Chronicle, Part I. Vol. I.

p. 253 of Mr. FurnivalFs edition :

"
Knyghtes, he seide, mykel I jow love,
I have jow holpen to joure above,
And more y wolde yff y hadde ought."
15
222 NOTES.

9/227. So in MS., but " is

"
should be it.

9/230. Palladius says that virgin chastity, i.e. Minerva, is "promy-

nent," i.e.
patron, presul, of the olive; the translator has reversed the
order.

10/254. That manner molde; so 27/723, all manner puts, like

Chaucer's " 2fo maner wight," in Prologue to Canterbury Tales, and
elsewhere.
12/306. Sic in MS. : there is doubtless an omission of South, the
original having "praBcipue quse ab Austro vel Occidente."

14/373. Spongia in original is a kind of stone. Vide Pliny.

15/383. The translator seems to have mistaken tectorium of the

original = a kind of rough-cast, for tectum.

15/400. It will be observed that tough is made to rime with yo, as

in Robert of Brunne's Chron. I.
357/10,218, hughes (lochs) rymes
with trowes (trows, boats). There also tow (tough, A.S. toh) rymes
with drow (drew), 452/13,038. In the Midland dialect, and standard
speech, the final guttural was no doubt silent.

16/423. The comma should be at "foule"; and the meaning is

excused (by themselves on the plea) lest they should lack water, or
sea-fowl.
"
18/463. Chaucer uses the singular " gre for a step ; but I do not
know another instance of the plural form grece.

20/544. The translator has inserted this line proprio motu in

derision of these absurd superstitions.
This remarkable stanza is for the most part due to the
25/659.
translator. Palladius' s account of the Pheasant in the original has been
much applauded.
26/712. There is nothing in the Latin about this laughter; and it

is not easy to see what gave rise to it.

This is no nay, is a phrase of Chaucer's.
27/728.
29/790. diche here seems to be superfluous; and for the
first thi

one would be inclined to substitute the; but see infrd, 30/815.

30/818. So in MS., but thennes seems required.

It is shouell in MS., and so I ought to have given it, as
31/837.
Mr. Skeat reminds me.
31/840. for dyveres <?m?s=against divers injuries.
33/892. Democritus of Abdera wrote a book called Georgicon, which
is referred to by all the Latin writers de re Rustica.

36/980. There is nothing in the original corresponding with

 NOTES. 223

"aboute a quyk calf gridde": the translator probably mistook the

meaning of viticula.
37/1021. fold. "We get the meaning of this word, 88/770, where
it is explained
" ornus." I have omitted to mention that these
by
explanatory words are all in the MS. inserted by the translator be-

tween the lines they are by no means always the same words as are
:

used in the original. I do not find this name for the ash in the
Dictionaries or Glossaries.

38/1035. So in MS., but gutteres is required.

39/1053. into stonde, i.e. to stand in.

40/1085. The celles suspemures, in original " cellarum suspensuras,"

i.e. the arching, or vaulted work on which the Roman baths were
built.
43. In the Latin distich at the end of this page Mr. Skeat saw at
a glance that I had mistaken unus for imus. It is in fact meant to
rime with primus, and to signify last. It is to purpose to say little

that Horace would have written summus, not imus, vide Hor. Epist.
"
1.1. I had taken unus in connexion, not with liber," but with the

subject of the next line. I take this opportunity of thanking Mr.

Skeat for this and several other services rendered me in his review in
the Academy.
44/15. Barnaby Googe says of these balks: "The good husband
must whether it be well plowed or no, & not onely trust your
trie

eyes, which (the balks being covered with mould) may easily
be
deceived, but trie it with your hand (which is a certainer proofe) by
thrusting downe a rod into the furrow, which if it pierce alike in
If it be
every place, it sheweth that the ground is well plowed.
shallow in one place & deepe in another, it declares the ground to be
evil handled in the plowing."
46/67. =so much will grow to thee.

46/77. In this, and other places, where the metre requires a mono-
syllable, one would have expected forwe.
See next line.

47/78. A required at wyse.

full stop is
"
48/114. Dissensseth," so written in the MS., and it is evidently,
as required by the context, a verb in the imperative but as the Latin :

" dissensseth " to be a mistake of the

is discuties, I suspect copyist for
discusseth.

50/172. would seem as if the pronunciation of this word varied

It
with the spelling, and the same
with tough and ynough, with which it
is often made to rime. Compare the rimes of this stanza with those
of stanza 4, p. 45: plowe there rimes with growe, and "tough,"
224 NOTES.

"ynough," and "plough" are meant to correspond with, each other

in sound, I fancy according to the modern pronunciation of " tough" ;
and so in 85/672. "Ynowe," like " plowe," often occurs with the
"
other sound, 52/231; but then we have
e.g. lough" (72/304, and
50/184) meaning low, and most probably with the same sound as
1
'low" : so that it is not easy to come to a satisfactory conclusion on
the matter.
50/184. The side-note, notwithstanding the gap in the printing,
has said all that was intended " and," however, should have had its
;

first letter, and low should have been given, without the (?), as the
explanation of " not
lough," longh.
52/231. It is strange that our word very should have established
itself as almost the sole representative of the intensive adverb. Our
Early English was much more copious in this respect; and "right"
and ful were often employed with good effect in this service right :

occurs twice in this line, and in other places,

where the substitution of
very would be no improvement. In 172/42, where it seems used to
signify excess of badness, it may be a little perplexing. In such
phrases as "right by" (6/149), and "right as thou went" (36/968), it
conveys a meaning of local exactness. In 45/49 the adverb "forth
right" relates to time, and signifies immediately.

55/303. Gargilius Martial is several times quoted by Palladius as a

writer on Agriculture, but little is known about him with certainty.
There was an author of this name contemporary with Alexander
Severus, whom Yopiscus speaks of as a second-rate writer ; but whether
he is the same person with the Martial in the text it is not possible to
determine.

56/344. The meaning seems to be "the walnut is to be planted

sideways, one of its sides downwards, the point, or thinnest end,

looking towards the north."
56/352. This represents the old reading una instead of ima.
"
57/371. The two misprints in the word copron," which I have
noticed in the Corrigenda, have sadly disfigured it.

58/399. So in MS. for er, i.e. ere, before.

60/443. Notice " an other," like altera=i^Q second.
60/442-448. These hours are the divisions of the Roman day from
sunrise to sunset. The sixth hour is always midday. The calculation
is only for the first day of each mouth. The feet represent the length
of the shadow of the gnomon of the Roman sundials when struck by
the rays of the sun. Gesner and Schneider, in their respective editions
of Falladius, have produced at length a learned dissertation of Aldus
 NOTES. 225

on the subject, to which we refer the reader who may desire a

thorough investigation of the questions involved.
61/12. The translator seems to speak of the same land as thin and
fat at the same time in the original it is " solo tenui et resolute, vel
:

etiam pingui."
63/527. The old reading was fecundas for " infecundas."
64/86. The Aminean vine has its name from an old town of
Campania. Pliny says the bees gave their name to the Apianean.
66/153. There is a space left in the MS. for a word before "besi-
nesse" probably the word omitted is "better."
;

67/167. leves in MS. is a manifest error of the transcriber.

67/187. Mago, a Carthaginian writer on Agriculture, of uncertain
age, wastranslated into Greek, and is frequently quoted by Pliny and

Co-lumella, as well as by Palladius.

67/188. I have proposed to expunge the d from "yerdes" as a
manifest error of the MS.
68/191. In the original it is putrefient; therefore there can be no
doubt that purifie should give place to putrifte. The semicolon should
have been placed after "rootes" in the next line, and not at the end
of this.

69/236. This line labours under some defect, but I cannot say
what it is.

I propose the substitution of "

72/318. to for the," in deference to
the original " formandam esse."

73/346. So in MS., but of seems to be required before " graffynges."

75/397. "her either" here, and "Ereither," 32/880, evidently
represent the A.S. Heora cegther ; but in these places the meaning
seems rather to be loth of them together, than either of them separately.
76/431. The original has here in the Pastine, or land prepared for
vines ; and two lines above the " tables brinkes," or extremities of the
beds, are spoken of as in the vineyard at the Decumanus limes ; for the
vineyards were laid out with all the precision and order of a fixed camp.
" seems a
76/433. "an handful strange measure of length here, and
in 119/429. In the original it is palmus=& handsbreadth, as in
80/536, or manubrii crassitudine. In Old English it was called a shaft-
man: thus, in Barnaby Googe, 780, we read "not exceeding a foot in
length, nor a shaftman in shortness." Vide Halliwell. Bailey is more
and " Shaftment."
accurate, as becomes a lexicographer, calls it
" hedes."
76/437. A verb is wanting in the MS., perhaps cley after

81/577. i.e. "lete to plannte it "=have it planted. The "to" is

unusual.
226 NOTES.

82/600. "here a belle." This proverbial expression occurs in

Chaucer ( Troilus, iii. 199):
" And let see which of
you shal beare the belle
To speake of love aright."
83/612. It would help the metre to read cleyi, i.e. clayey.
84/645. "roote" in this line, though explained by "radicem," is
not the accusative, but the nominative to "is sowe" in next line.
The first "sowe" I think is a verb active, and that is has found its

way into the text by an error of the copyist.

84/656. "synk." It is not easy to recognize the French cinq
under this grotesque form but it seems to have been at one time the
;

current spelling of the word Anglicized thus in Lydgate's

:
" Order of

Pools," edited by Mr. Furnivall in Queene Elizabethes Achademy,

" whos chaunce
81/51, we read :
gothe neither yn synke or syse."
"
85/668. goo too." This expression, of such frequent occurrence
in the Authorized Version of the Scriptures, answers nearly to the
Latin interjection Heus. "We meet with it also in Spenser, e.g.
F. Q. 5/43, Book I. :

" Goe thou far-renowned sonne

to, then,
Of great Apollo."
89/795. So in MS., but okfte, as in 40/1088, seems certainly
required.
90/829. I and the translator's scribe have made sad havoc of this
line between us. I am responsible for the omission of the verb
" trede "
before "hem": he has inserted an unnecessary "and"; and in the
next line he has written "peres " instead of "pure."
92/877. I have no doubt it should have been "populer," as in
93/900.
93/907. So in MS., as in other places, for " seyen "=seen.
98/1049. The " pynappultree " is the common pine, on which cones
or apples grow.
"
99/1074. thaire," in this place and many others, is the adverb
there, i.e. where.

100/1088. i.e. over and above six consume or sell. Vide supra
1069.
100/1092. So in MS., instead of " wage."
100/1096. The meaning is, "let a basket made of palm-leaves
wine." The punctuation is wrong.
strain this

101/1140. OTTOV KvpTjva'iKov. The first meaning of Opium was

only vegetable juice.
103/1172. Sarmentes (scions). Both words are in the MS.; the
second is unnecessary.
 NOTES. 227

106/52. I suspect some error in this line. In the original it is :

"nee in sabulone solum, sed in arena quoque pfoveniunt."

108/128. So in MS. for dounged.

110/169. "armorace" or "arborace." The translator is not always

so particular about the right spelling.

110/175. This, with several ejaculations of a similar character, is

due entirely to the translator.

111/191. There is a redundant word, probably "flatte."

111/217. =That will not be denied, but flourish in all weathers.
113/247. I have remarked already on the care of the translator to
show that the words which he makes to rime together have a difference
of meaning. It is sometimes very slight, but he is at
great pains to
point out that there is a difference. This stanza a good example
is :

the word "ferme" occurs no less than three times at the end of lines;
and there are Latin words placed above to mark the difference of

meaning. Unhappily, the explanation of the word in the second

instance of its use is not very legibly written, and there is nothing in
the original answering to it. It looks like ad Jirmam, but it is more
probably affirmare, orsome other part of the verb perhaps adfirman-
;

dum. After saying that it was trouble to no purpose to break the

plants off, instead of pulling them up, after the first year, he adds,
" set it
therefore, down
as a affirm
thing to that
('to ferme') places
which before were and become unfruitful
fruitful 'close themselves,'

by so doing, by reason of the roots which cumber the ground."

113/266. all to Iraye, written as three words. In other places
"alleto" is made one word; but I do not remember an instance in
which either to or alto is joined with the verb.
114/275. "sette" is not in the MS., but is evidently necessary:
" is
" is a " in."
misprint for
114/291. What is the herb here called Elite, Lat. Blitum, is not
very clear, perhaps Spinach.

114/294. Wordes of the MS. should probably be worldes, i.e. worlds

in the sense of
ages; as we say "world without end." So I had
written, but Mr. Skeat remarks that werdes and wordes occur so often
for worlds, that
they may be considered as only different forms of the
same word. There still remains, however, its peculiar signification
here.

116/342. The word here rendered "togh," and in 118/395, "tenes,"

is in the original tenacibus, and means stalks.
" "
116/351. I have put the syllable up in brackets as redundant.
1
18/412. This means " some omit the boiling."
228 NOTES.

120/446. Hem seems to be wanted before "hie."

120/454, 467. It is to be noticed that these remarks are not in the
original, but insertions due to the translator. There have been many
such, of which no notice is given.
" There " refers to and this line should be in a
121/470. Sardinia,
parenthesis ;
the next lines to the end of the stanza describe the
" Marcial
"oothinge worthie memorie" which saugh in Sardyne."
" after harme." It
121/472. may not be easy to trace the descent
of this word, but I have little doubt that it represents, through some

channel, the German nachamen, to imitate. The r seems to present

an objection to this but we have seen our translator writing
;

" armonaike" for ammoniac.

(23/605)
121/489. "clere" in this line should probably have been "clese,"
i.e. close.
" Is far to fetch," therefore is slow in coming.
122/501.
125/593. The author has told us what caprifying "
is to signifie" ;

but, as his text is very uncertain, the translator is to be excused if he

is not very intelligible. There is nothing in the original about " a
tree made sawe"; but the green fruit of the wild figtree is to be
like a

suspended on the tree to be ripened, with a thread run through it like

serta, garlands,not serra. Pliny tells us that this was in order that
a kind of gnat, which was bred in the caprificus, might be induced to
suck out the moisture of the figtree, and so hasten its maturity.
127/641. Two syllables are wanting in MS. to complete the sense
and the metre, probably "leste wynde."
127/644. There should have been a stop at the end of line 643,
and again at nought, the sense being : "it is (necessary) to refuse

more or less than a year, as nought," i.e. good for nothing.

130/722. Sic in MS.
133/800. Mr. Skeat refers me to Dr. Morris's note on Chaucer
"
(Clarendon Press Selections) for the meaning of steep eyes"; but in
the original it is "magni." Perhaps I ought to have explained it
projecting.
134/839. I cannot account for the omission of this line. The gap
must have been conspicuous enough in the proof, but some how or
other it escaped my notice. It is perfectly legible in the MS. as
follows :

" That thai abundance."

may mylk her foles
" craffes " in the
should no doubt be " graffes."
141/46. MS., but it

142/68. We
need not be surprised at the wrong done to the
quantity of the word crekwov.
 NOTES. 229

144/107. So in MS., but I suspect it should be fervent, not

" and that the words " is sette," or some equivalent
infervent,"
expression, have been omitted.
144/118. To agree with the original this "by" ought to mean
against ; but whether the translator so intended it is at least doubtful :

his words seem rather to signify " approaching the fat rather than the

lean;" whereas the original is "proximam tenui atque jejunse." It

is hardly necessary to say that ly does sometimes mean against, as in
1 Cor. iv. 4.
" Nowe " of the MS.
144/125. apparently should be noo, i.e. no,
none.

148/219. These prologues and epilogues afford some very curious

specimens of in-riming. Here every line is made to rime in itself as
well as with its neighbour. The sense is not always rendered the
clearer by this process. It looks as if " doon is," in line 220, is
meant to be a plural form of the gerund, i.e. agenda. " Jesse floure,"
in the next line, calls to mind the Jesse-trees of ancient art, on which
our Lord's genealogy was depicted. In 224 I have put " s" in brackets
as evidently an error of the MS. "Of floures flour" is Chaucer's
expression in the prologue to his "Legend of Good "Women," which
seems to have been in the mind of the translator whilst writing this
epilogue. There is a word omitted in the MS. in 1. 225, probably
cloudes, or worldes. Chaucer in the forecited prologue has, " That in
this derke world me wynt."
151/61. See under Peculiar Order of "Words in "Grammatical
Notices," suprd, page xx.
153/129. The last word in this line, which ought to mean "mix,"
or something equivalent, is not completed in the MS. the second
;

syllable is wanting.
" and " seems "
154/151. wanting in the MS. before yet."
157/218. "That" of the MS. should probably be "Take" at the
beginning of this line.
157/225. The hours which are here represented by the technical
names of the division of the day in A.S. times, in the original are
simply described by their number, as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. In the side-

note I have made one agree with the other.

157/232. The same in-riming is observable in this epilogue, the
meaning of which is tolerably clear. I ought to have printed drope
in 1. 237.
159/26. This picture of the wheat-field bending to greet and
express thanks for its ripeness is due entirely to the translator.
230 NOTES.

159/27. From this knowledge of French husbandry, it has been

concluded, perhaps too hastily, that our Palladius must be the
" Facundus Gallorum ab arvis
"juvenis nuper
Missus

mentioned by Rutilius, as related in our preface. With respect to the

cart, Barnaby Googe's account is: "Palladius teacheth, besides the
labour of men, a shorter way to be done with an oxe, that shall in
short time cut downe all that groweth, which was woont to be used
in Fraunce. The devise was a low kind of Carre with a couple of
wheeles, and the front armed with sharpe sickles, which forced by
the beast through the corne did cut downe all before it. This tricke
might be used in levell and champion countries ;
but with us it would
make but ill-favoured worke."

160/74. There is nothing in the original to decide the meaning of

these French words : but as ache, parsley, has been mentioned before,
*p. 142, they are most likely comme devant, as Mr. Furnivall has kindly

pointed out to me, to whose advice, guidance, and encouragement,

whenever I have consulted him, I am greatly indebted.
" " of
the MS. should be " multiplie," to rime
162/125. multiplice
with " drie
" in the next line.

163/143. It is to be observed here that a difference is made between

noon and midday by the translator. In 'the original we have only the
fifth and sixth hour i.e. eleven and twelve o'clock.
:

163/148. This epilogue is free from in-riming, and presents no

" umne" in the first lineshould have been " ymne"
especial difficulty :

=hymn.
167/90. This is Chaucer's phrase: he (jails Constance, in the Man
of Lawe's Tale, "the sely innocent." Spenser speaks of "a silly
lambe " becoming " the innocent prey " of a lyon in F. Q,., b. 1, c. 6.

168/129. There is in the MS. a faint tail to the end of well, which
may be meant for a y.
170/162. The in-riming of this epilogue is most extraordinary;
and in addition to the final rimes, every two lines are made to rime

together in the middle. The latter part is very obscure, and the
misprints make bad worse. In 1. 168 it should of course be Prince,
and /should be inserted before the first "mene." For " she mine
" " faust
ignorance compare 171/9. nygh" in line 169 I take it to be
=hard ly, as in Spenser, F. Q. 1, 12, 25, " Fast before the king" ;

and in F. Q. 2, 2, 37, " Fast by her side did sitt the bold Sansloy."
172/42. The translator has mistaken the meaning, if "fungous
 NOTES. 231

"
are epithets of praise ; but perhaps he meant the contrary,
stronge
and referred * 'thereof" to dounge, not to cTiaf.
173/54.This notion of the rape and the cabbage refusing to land
at the same port is due to the translator.
178. Here again observe the lines riming in the middle as well as
at the end. In 213 "make" is Chaucer's word for writing poetry,
adopted from the Greek Troirjrrjs. In 216 " the Prince" occurs again.
I do not clearly see to whom he refers in 1. 217.

179/11. In the original it is plainly "cum minuitur Luna." The

translator probably wrote, or meant to write, Phoebe.

So in MS., but " As " seems necessary instead of " And."

179/17.
180/43. Sic; but there is in MS. a flourish, which may indicate
an e. I have no doubt that Mr. Skeat is right about "Hopre"=a
seed-basket, in the Latin modium; but for "cloth," or "clothe," we
have I had mistaken hoppit for Hopper, a word used twice
vestieris.

by Chaucer in the Miller's Tale, 11. 924 and 927.

183/126. This line, printed just as in the MS., is evidently out of
its place. It ought to have come before 1. 124.

186/211. In we
again have the double rimes and the
this epilogue
same sentiment, but in language more easily intelligible. I have
bracketed the syllable " un " as unnecessary.

187/5. I have put the superfluous "is" in brackets, "on ende"

at the close of the line is carefully explained to mean diligently, to

justify the rime with "atte end" in the line before. The phrase
generally means completely.

188/46. It is difficult to follow the translator here. I see nothing

in the original about balancing on tiptoe, or three toes growing for
one.

190/96. The word which looks like heiry is probably heivy, or

some form of "heavy." It should have been printed separately from
lete, which I take here in the intransitive sense of stopping,
or sinking.
The Latin is "propter nature gravitatem remanens aqua subsidet, et
translatum vinum pure servabitur, relicto quicquid se ex illi ex imbre
miscuerit."

191/116. There is space left in the MS. for a word before " playne."
191/128. The MS. is here manifestly faulty. One would expect
it to be "
An&feede (i.e. food) it is to dust it ofte and weede."
In the
original we have "sarculari debet assidue, ut respergatur pulvere, quo
fovetur." In what follows the translator had the old reading nimis
instead of minus, which makes all the difference.
232 NOTES.

196/266. Castration of bees. The translator would seem to have

"
read " de apibus castrandis instead of "de alvearibus castrandis."
196/271. This benevolence towards the bees is expressed in the
original without the unceremonious severity upon those who deprive
them of their stores.
197. There is surely a mistake in the MS. in the heading of this
section, which intimates that all these wines are made of the larger

fruits, such as apples or pomes. Barnaby Googe shall tell what these
are. He " to be understood of all
says, Pomum, generally spoken, is

that the Greekes comprehended in the word oircopa, as peaches,

quinces, and peares, whereunto the Lawyer agreeth."
197/296. In the original it is eightieth here, and fiftieth in the
next line, which the metre seems to require, to say nothing of the
wine.
198/305. This is rather a free translation of utrum vendenda sit.

198/308. The must have had another reading before

translator
him, or else he has strangely mistaken the meaning of diuretica.
199/334. ydrolcen looks like a slip of the pen for ydronken. The
Latin word is aperies, and perhaps this sense may be got out of A.S.
dreogan, German drulcen.

200/358. This plant, the Italian elover, should have been written
melilot quasi melle lotus. Gliciride, or rather glycyrize, sweet root, is
the liquorice.
A syllable is "
200/369. perhaps and before
wanting ;
clene."

201/404. I have at a venture supplied a syllable in brackets.

202/418. In the MS. the three last words are written separately.
Modern editors incline to unite the three together. In similar ex-
pressions we may have had the prefix to joined to the verb or parti-
ciple ; and frequently alto written as one word ; but in no case, as far
as I remember, are the three words amalgamated.
203/443. me trete, divided in the MS., is the Greek /Lter^r^?.
205/513. I have added a syllable in brackets to help the metre.
205/519. The feet spoken of are, of course, those that trod out the
wine.
205/525. Musty bread has not a very attractive sound to our
notions ;
but the Romans used the term to signify new, fresh, and good,
of apples, cheeses, honey, and even books. musty A book would
hardly be considered now-a-days one to be desired.
206/547. It will of course have been observed that all these epi-
logues are in the stanza of eight lines, and that they have, for the most
part, been very carelessly copied by the translator's scribe. Chaucer,
 NOTES. 233

probably, would not have had milder words for him than he bestowed
upon his own immortal "Adam Scrivener." This stanza is pro-
vokingly full of omissions, which it is impossible to supply. The
translator's freak this time is to make both the last and antepenult
syllables rime : with "might eterne," "honoure,
thus, "light superne"
" houre and " but
empire," with gire the fourth and sixth lines
;

limp terribly for want of their proper feet. Here again I fail to see
distinctly who it is saving whose brightness there is no star in our
hemisphere.
207/14. I have referred " Thei" to the harrowers; I fancy, how-
ever, from what follows, that it belongs rather to the beans. In v. 18
the MS. has the superfluous "n," which I have bracketed.
208/23. That is before sunrise for after the full moon, sun and
:

moon are both above the horizon at the same time.

209/69. Another redundant word.
209/76. I have here supplied the syllable in brackets.
The MS. inserts this " and."
213/165. unnecessary
213/173. The initial letter of "navel," omitted in the MS., is
" coart " in the next line must be a slip of the
evidently wanted, and
pen.
218/309. I have supplied drie from the Latin, and two lines
below I have marked a redundancy of the MS. The brackets in every
case indicate a proposed departure from the MS., whether by insertion
or suppression.
" drent "
220, last line but one dreynt. :
Spenser, P. Q., also uses
for drowned. E.g. in 2, 6, 49, where Archimago calls to Pyrochles in
the Idle Lake :
" What " when I thee see
flames," quoth he, present
In danger rather to be drent than brent ? "
The rest of November and the whole of December have been torn
out of the MS., and destroyed. I question whether the fourteenth
book, "de Insitionibus," was ever done by the same hand. Probably
if he had translated it, he would have done it in prose.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

A, And, 34/915. Amende, correct, 6/139.

Ablaqueacion, Lat. (see side-note), Amonge, at times, 174/86.
44/1.' Amorwe, on the next day, torn
Aboundable, abundant, 207/19. leaf, sub finem.
Abounde, be abundant, 203/255. An, one, 150/40.
Above seems used as a substantive, Anende, anent, opposite, 40/1094.
superior condition, 8/199. Anende, to finish, 158/9.
Abrood, broadwise, across. 158/5. Anende, diligently, 109/138.
Abroode, across, 125/586. Anyghtes, adv. in night time,
Adell, much, a deal, 19/502. 173/379.
Admyssure, Lat. pairing of horses, Anoie, annoy, 108/131.
136/875. Anoon, anon, presently, 10/263.
Adolent, grown up, 105/30. Aparty, not apart, but somewhat,
Advail, advantage, 78/497. sumdel, 83/629, 85/679.
Adorate, Adorify, sweet smelling, Apert, Lat. open, uncovered,
110/180. 189/151.
Ador, Lat. a fine wheat, 180/41. Appeire, Pr.to deteriorate, impair,
Afere, frighten, 131/750. 62/41.
Afer, afar, 150/47. Appeson, appease, 120/418.
Affray, commotion, 185/186. Ar, ere, before, 50/173.
Afterharme, to imitate (note), Are, ere, before, 155/184, 181/75.
121/472. Arew, in a row, 25/678.
Afterlonges, lengthways, 66/139. Arm-greete, as big as the arm,
Agoo, ad. agoing, 75/412.
Agrest, Lat. wild, 198/324. As with adjective or adverb, in-
Aisel, vinegar, 169/134. tensive, like quam, Lat., but
Alete, to melt, be softened, often redundant with impera-
174/103. tive, 16/429.
Alethe, vide Alete, allay, 202/434. Ascaunce, a slope, 150/39.
Alfor, alto, thoroughly, 205/506. Aslepe, sleepy, as said of ripe
Alight, lighted, kindled, 147/208. fruit, 59/429.
Alite, a little, lightly, 23/621. Askes, ashes, 22/592.
Allyng, A.S. eallunga, entirely, Aslake, v. remove, 38/1041.
208/42. Aspy, aspie, espy, 145/160.
Als, else, besides, 35/948. Assise, to place, 16/431.
Amydwarde, towards the middle, Assise, to adjust, to measure or
126/631. weigh, 177/180.
236 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Assure, verl neut. as in Chaucer's rupt reading for "Yervacta,"

"Troilus," 1358, rely upon, fallows ploughed in spring,
9/214. 105/48.
" In
Assure, resting thai assure," Besily, busily, anxiously, 23/612.
i.e.
they are sure to rest, Bete, beat, to make (a fire), 19/501.
146/185. Bethought, thoughtful, 40/1080.
Asswithe, quickly, 126/623. Bette, better, 113/270.
Astate, state, estate, 98/1036. Betwet, qu. bewet? wetted, 45/26.
Astite, quickly, soon, 16/409. Bey, buy, 11/281.
Ataste alore, learn by the taste, Bicornes, Lat. pitchforks, 42/1161.
16/404. Bifornys, pr. anterior, in front,
Athide, cover, A.S. thy dan, 159/43.
35/955. Bigge, rich, strong, vide Morris's
Atte alle, altogether, quite, Specimens E.E., 41/1130.
202/414. Bipedal, Lat. two feet long,
Atteones, once only, 94/927. 155/185.
Atteroppes, spiders, 138/945. Blichenyng, mildew, blight,
Atwynne, between, 15/396. 31/827.
Atwynne, apart, 66/134. Blyve, quickly, 21/521.
Auntceaunt, ancient, 200/364. Blyve, as blyve, as quick as possi-
Avale, to go down, descend, ble, 60/445.
177/167, 178/193. Bolde, to make bold, embolden,
Avance, advance, improve, 105/24, 151/77.
42/1144. Bold, v. intrans., become strong,
Avaylant, availing, 211/126. 215/223.
Avisily, carefully, 4/73, 73/357. Bole, bull, 41/1133.
Avowe, vow, 42/1145. Bonchief, opposite to mischief,
Avyse, attend to, cure, 140/14. 5/115.
Axe, ask, 44/2, etc., etc. Boon, bones, or stones, or pips of
Ayenie, again, 140/1, 195/237. fruit, 144/110.
Aysell, vinegar, 93/904. Boote, A.S. benefit, 9/238.
Borde, border, or bed, 109/150.
Bake, Bak, back, 39/1068, Bosshing, making bushy, 188/33.
42/1156. Boteler, butler, 86/696.
Balk, to leave land unplowed, Bragot, a British liquor, 90/812.
8/184. Brawnes, muscles, 129/575.
Balke, s. land so left, 44/15. Bray, bruise, 111/195.
Barme, sauce, preserve, 220/9. Brede, broad, breadth, 18/466,
Bay, berry, globule, 61/198. 47/85.
Begoon, adorned, covered, gold be- Brede, bread, 34/911.
goon, overspread with gold, as Brede, make broad, spread out,
woe-begone, full of woe, vide 190/101.
Coleridge's "Glossary," 23/630. Breres, briars, 42/1160.
Begripe, grip, contain, 54/279. Breses, locusts, 24/654.
Berafte, snatched, saved, 212/140. Briche, brick, 212/135.
Berayned, rained upon, 198/310. Broke, brook, 190/92.
Bernetes represents the old cor- Brolles, heads, brows, 43/1166.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. 237

"Browsty, rancid, mouldy, 219/15. Carenaynes, Lat. carenarias,

Brustles, bristles, 27/724.
Brymme, brim, subare, vide Al-
bert Way's Prompt., 98/1051,
99/1070.
Bryning, Brenning, burning,
9/224, 127/665, 153/117.
Burgyne, to bud, 53/307, 74/376.
But, unless, 35/949, 94/934.
But, boot, benefit, 113/269.
But if, unless, 137/910, etc.
Buxom, obedient, 6/126.
By, towards, against, 1/7.
By & by, frequently, 208/46.
By, hard by, close (compare
"Eight by," 6/149), 108/119.
By dene, altogether, wholly, vide
Stratmann's O.E. Diet, 8/184.
Bygrounde, to the bottom, com-
pletely, 41/1132.
Byraine, v. shower, 35/952.
Byrayned, rained upon, 198/307.
Byspreyntt, sprinkled,
168/111.
Bystrowed, strewed, 92/889.
Bywette, Bewette, wetted, 65/125,
etc.
Caduc, Lat. ready to fall,
89/785.
Caire, to go, to creep, perhaps
an error of the transcriber, for
carte, riming with necessarie,
143/88.
Calcatory, wine-press, 17/461.
Callum, Lat. any hard substance,
125/599.
Calvair, Lat. skull, 36/984.
Caniculer, Dog-star, hound e,
164/13.
Cannibe, crooked, applied to knife,
suggests inquiry, 62/1157.
Caprify, to ripen figs (see note),
125/892.
Carbunculine, consisting of car-
buncles, or stone coal, 216/272.
Carene, vide side-note, 204/484.
boilers, 168/130.
Cast, determine, 9/234.
Caul, Lat. stalks, 200/381.
Caule, Lat. stalks, 165/39.
Cause, to cast or shed teeth,
135/862, 135/864.
Cave, upon (does not seem to
correspond very intelligibly
with the Lat. " in quern fru-
menta transfusarefrigerentur"),
37/996.
Certayne, a certain quantity,
185/185.
Chappe, crack, split, 116/339.
Chare, chair, car, 35/957.
Charge, dispute, 28/744.
Chasten, a chestnut, 216/253.
Chaufe, Fr. warm, 40/1088.
Chaule, jaw, jowl, here the front
of a cart, 159/34.
Chaunging, subs, a change, 71/63.
106/70, Chave, to cover or mix with chaff,
108/119.
Chese, chuse, 11/281.
Chene, chink, 17/441.
Chere, countenance, 196/250.
Chesbolles, poppies, 184/134.
mellow, Cheve, achieve, 50/168.
Cheved, succeeded, 217/297.
Chich, to chuck as a hen, vide
Bailey, 25/661.
Childe, v. to bear, 190/90.
Chyne, chyning, a chink or crack,
41/1116.
Chyne, v. to crack, 156/199.
Clave, Lat. a large truncheon,
119/415.
Cleche, to grasp at, clutch,
145/158,
Cleen, claws, hoofs, 68/5.
Cleme, daub, smear, A.S. clamian,
39/1078.
Cleme, to plaster up, 199/339.
Clenliche, cleanly, 115/311.
Clere(qy.clese ?), to close, 121/489.
Clese, close, enclose, 27/721.

16
238 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Cleve, Lat. clivus, declivity,
50/167.
Clock, to cluck as a hen, 25/660.
Clonge, withered, A.S. clingan,
55/339.
Cloos, close confinement, 169/141.
Cloothe, a cloth, 199/338.
Clorded, contracted, 137/919.
Closter, cluster, 186/194.
Clype, clip, 43/1164.
Coact, Lat. compelled, 213/174.
Coarted, Lat. kept close, confined,
101/1131, 213/174.
Cocurs, leggings, cothurus, vide
Albert "Way's Prompt., 43/1 167.
Codde, the stock of a tree, Lat,
codex, 144/119.
Coffyns, boxes, 128/672.
Coloquynt, colocinth, coloquintida,
bitter apple, 34/913.
Columbine, dove-coloured, 14/372.
Colver-hous, A.S. pigeon-house,
21/554.
Commysure, Lat. joint, 141/42.
Complayne, to suffer hardships, or
perhaps make level, 158/14.
Complose, Lat. knocked together,
175/167.
Comprehende, Lat. take, strike,
as plants, 141/46.
Corny n, moderately, commonly,
142/55.
Condite, Lat. condire, to flavour,
to season, 203/449.
Condyment, v. to flavour, 205/525.
Condvte, Lat. stored, or preserved,
157/222.
Confray, to rub together, 111/196.
Congius, six sextarii, 169/109.
Congys, the Roman congii, 183/117.
Connyng, skill, 97/1015.
Contende, hasten, 206/532.
Cool, colewort, cabbage, 32/879.
Coors, corse, body, 4/85.
Cordyng, according, agreeing,
156/214, 157/224, etc.
Cornel, corner, 13/326.
Cornels, kernels, 185/163.
Corser, Fr. horsedealer, vide Halli-
well, 135/846.
Cote, pigstye, 99/1081.
Cotul, Lat. a measure containing
about a pint, 200/383.
Counter, counteract, 63/66.
Courage, Fr. heart, mind, spirit,
190/90.
Couthe, could=couth, cti/& notus,
39/167. Stratmann's Diet. 109.
Covert, to cover, 6/146, 15/385.
Crafte, v. to make skilfully,
16/428, but see Stratmann.
Crece, increase, 9/227.
Crese, crush, 142/77.
Crodded, curded, 154/141.
Crofte, small field or garden,
89/796.
Croppe, to cut off the top, 143/92.
Croppes, tops of branches, 96/990.
Crucke, bend, twist, 51/210.
Crudde, curd, or rennet, 154/142.
Crueltee, harshness, foulness,
210/81.
Cuculle, Lat. hood, 43/1116.
Cure, care, 84/655.
Curiage, a herb, 37/1016.
Cyment, cement, 17/449.
Cynarbare, cinnabar, vermilion,
211/118.
Cyner, cinder-ash, 220/16.
Dalk, a hollow, 125/608.
Deche, v. cover, Germ, declcen,
41/1124.
Dechyng, covering, 175/185.
Dede, die, 28/752.
Defaicte, defeat, 3/44.
Defervyng, boiling down, 204/485.
Defie, to steep, digest, 102/1160.
Defrut, a kind of wine, 204/484.
Dele, divide, distribute, 66/150,
201/395.
Delf, a trench, 144/117.
Delves, trenches, 44/6, 52/239.
Deme, to judge, 4/83, 163/151.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. 239

Demene, manage, arrange, 5/95, Draff, refuse, lees of wine, 22/580.

19/497, Dragnies, drachms, 169/145.
Dene, ten, 22/587. Drenche, to drown, plunge,
Depart, v. trans, separate, part, 204/482.
29/779. Dresse, Pr. prepare, 79/501.
Dependent, hanging, 99/1060. Drestes, A.S. dregs, 35/944.
Dere, dear, 11/279. Dreynt, drained, drenched, strain-
Dere, injury, 31/840. ed, pressed, 220/20.
Dere, v. to injure, 31/840. Drie, thirst, 132/777.
Desolve, dissolve, reduce to a Dripe, drop, put down, A.S.
pulp, 204/496. dripan, 54/277.
Detracte,Lat. extracted, 213/171. Drope, drop or stain, 157/237.
Devise, Lat. divisus, being divided Drove, herd, 134/826.
or distributed, 199/348. Drury, dreary, sad, 196/250.
Devolve, roll down, remove, Dwyne, dwindle, 63/75.
204/497.
Devyse, Er. to order, arrange, ad- Echate, Hecate, the moon, 22/526.
vise, 61/21, etc. Eche, add, 41/1122.
Digne, Lat. worthy, 187/7. Eddres, adders, 38/1036.
Disclude, disclose, 152/84. Edifie, build, 14/364.
Discuss, Lat. divide, vide Corri- Eere, ear of corn, 158/16.
Effloure, to cease flowering, 64/82.
Dispense, to excuse, not to require, Efte, again, or after, 16/416.
157/235. Efte and tries, a second and third
Distempre, to put out of health, time, 216/266.
11/273. Eftsones, again, 62/27.
Distreyne, subdue, 16/415. Egestion, Lat. the issue or pro-
Disyoynt, destroy, put out of duction of the new wine, or its
place, 32/273, 170/164. removal from the vats, 204/449.
Divyne, guess, doubt, 75/410. Egge, edge, 16/411.
Do, make, 21/561. Eghen, eyes, 23/604.
Do fro, withdraw, subtract, Eitheres, either, 30/808.
214/197. Either, both, 186/203.
Dolve, delved, dug, 125/582. Eke, also, 38/1049, etc.
Dolven, dug, 14/353. Eke,destroy,wd.Halliwell,23/608.
" Doo the
Doo, make, place, e.g. EJebre, hellebore, 38/1044.
rootes to," place on the roots, Elles, else, 38/1031, 60/488.
16/417, 116/356. Elleveth, eleventh, 60/448.
Doom, judgment, 20/525. Elonge as the liketh, make as long
Doone of that, done with that, as you like, 47/80.
had enough of it, 216/263. Elonge, to keep long, 126/631.
Dote, decay, 28/752. Enable, become able, 154/834.
Do to, do with, add (do fro, Enarme, embrace, protect, 19/502.
subtract, 214/197), 200/370, Enaye, annoy, 50/163.
205/510. Encluse, inclosed, 113/261.
Dover, a hole, vide Pr. Parv., Enclyne, to bend, 159/126.
127/654. Encre, increase, 209/66.
240 GLOSS ARIAL INDEX.

Encrisped, curly, 154/139. Ever amonge, every now and

Ende, on ende, diligently, dili- then, 105/29.
genter in MS., 187/5. Excluse, Lat. excluded, 217/278.
Endure, harden, 90/816. Excodication, see side-note, 44/3.
Endured, kept, Lat. custodiri, Exile, Lat. poor, weak, thin,
220/8. 201/387.
Endwell, dwell in, 17/437. Exon, oxen, 19/513.
Ene, only, 45/44. Expert, experienced, 120/454.
Eneye, to inoculate, 166/53. Expresse, open, clear, manifest,
Enfecte, affect, injure, 155/177. experienced, 66/154, 188/27.
Enfecte, become infected or tainted, Externe, v. alienate, 186/218.
199/350. Eyles, eyeless, 81/564.
Englame, to stick, 26/692. Eyron, eggs, 22/582.
Enlyne, anoint, 152/105. Eyther, conj. either, 2/25.
Enmyne, sink or dig, 28/768.
v.

Ennoyes, annoying, 126/612.

adj. Fande, tried, attempted, 80/551.
Enoculer, to inoculate, 166/53. Ear, Lat. a kind of corn, 207/1.
Enrounde, surrounded, 22/590. Eare, to go, to be, to fare,
Enter, between, Lat. inter, 77/455. 102/437.
Entere, an intimate, favourite, Faust, fast, i.e. faust nygh, hard
11/289. by, near, 170/169.
Enterspace, intermediate space, Faute, failure, 129/699.
47/88. Fayne, desirous, 188/38,
Epatike, Lat. hepatic, relating to Fecundare, fruitful, 36/985.
the liver, 200/361. Feel, many, 92/869.
Ere amonge, ever amonge, ever Feestern, to fester, 188/49.
and anon, 174/86, 175/132. Feetiy, actively, carefully, 169/1 42.
"
Ere, an ear, Enclyne an ere," Feint, v. to make faint, 100/1090.
199/34L Feire, fair, also to go, 125/550.
Eree, v. to plough, to ear, 61/10. Felawe, fellow, 80/553.
Eree, ever, 62/40. Fele, A.S. many, 41/1109, etc.
Ereither, either of them (or rather Fenestell, Lat. window, 20/546.
the two together, vide Note, Fer or ferre, far, 18/471.
397/75), 32/880. Fer of, to be afraid of, 48/130.
Erthen, sooner than, before, Ferdfull, terrible, 130/704.
208/34. Fere, frighten, 159/44.
Erthes, ploughings, from eree, q. v. Fere, v. to remove, 36/1036.
106/68. Ferme, first, 113/547.
Eschewe, adj. Er. odious, 20/528, Ferment, Lat. leaven, 205/524.
125/586. Feme, to cover with fern, 13/338.
Eschewe, v. shun, Fers, fierce, 111/206.
21/553.
Estivons, Lat. summery, 124/580. Fervence, boiling heat, 203/444.
Estuant, Lat. raging, boiling, Feste, feast, entertainment,
202/304. 153/106.
Esy, agreeable to the taste, Fette, fetched, brought, 76/437,
203/503.( 111/192.
Even, to level, 150/39. Fette, remove, 210/88.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. 241

Feture, breeding, 131/731. Founde, try, endeavour, 42/1137.

Feverer, February, 50/178. Frame, blend, 42/1138.
Firthe, fourth, 126/621. Frape, THr.frappe, beaten, pounded,
" To all to
Flappe, to beat, flappe," 203/418.
to beat much, 156/194. Frayels, frails, light baskets,
Flete, v. flit, part, 214/211. 204/494.
Flette, flat, a floor, 18/474. Fresshe, to make freshe, 11/291.
Flevme, phlegm, 168/125. Frete, eat (forfreaten, eaten away),
Fleyke, basket, hurdles, wattles, 73/331
11/275, 92/881, 216/248. Frigiditee, cold or cool place,
Flonge, flung to flonge, flung on,
; 108/124.
179/11. Frough, crisp, brittle, short to the
Foil, leaf, 145/144. taste, 84/662, 85/671, etc.
Fold, wrapped, folded, 144/127. Frote, rub, 16/433, 25/683.
Folde, bend, 81/557, 88/774. Frottes, probably a mistake of the
Fonde, strive, try to go, 185/168. MS. for froftes, frosts, 55/302.
Fonde, found, 187/11. Fundament, foundation, 12/316.
Fonge, to lay hold, 189/76. Fungous, spongy, 172/42, but vide
Fonne, catch, be caught, 33/910. Note.
Foolde, mountain -ash tree,
27/1021, 88/774. Gage, Fr. measure, 119/427.
Foote, to found, to establish, Gage, to engage, claim, 190/79,
12/318. Garth, garden, 29/778.
Foothoote, speed (with foothoote, Gaseyn, marsh, Fr. gazon, 2/36.
immediately), see Warton, Gedroken, see Ydroken, 199/334.
52/228. Geet, jet, 129/471.
For, in many places, against, Gentil, generous, thoroughbred,
19/512. 86/71, 132/779.
Fordoo, destroy, 168/112. Gentillesse, Fr. good birth, 188/28,
Fore, for, 62/25. Germyne, to bud, 208/48.
Forfare, fare ill, 138/931. Geson, rare, 106/65.See Strat-
Forferde, greatly afraid, 109/160. mann's Dictionary.
Forkes, Lat. furcas, props used in Gesse, guess, or do by guess,
building, 20/922. 200/385.
Forme, first, 60/447. Gestes, guests, 21/574.
Formest, first, foremost, 72/317, Gey (qy. Wey), weigh, balance,
190/93. 188/46.
Forneis warde, towards the fur- Gire, gird, protect, 13/327.
nace, 40/1086. Gireth, Lat. encircles, 186/203.
a
Forthi, therefore, for this, 22/582. Gisily, ingeniously (from gise,

Fortunate, v. act. to make fortu- method), 75/409.

nate, 7/180. Gladde, cheerful, sunny, of land,
Forwe, furrow, 150/36, etc. 44/8.
Forwepe, waste by weeping, Glade, gladden, 84/648.
102/1149. Gliry, glutinous, 16/412.
Glocke, to shake violently,
Foryelde, requite, 12/311.
Foule, fowl, 22/627. 168/131.
242
Glose, fondle, 132/758.
Goldes, marigolds, 110/174.
Gomes, gums, 58/389, 135/863.
Gouldes, endive, 26/702.
Grave, to dig, bury, 150/45.
Grece, steps, 18/863.
Gree, degree, 121/471.
Greet, grit, 15/405.
Greithe, prepare, 128/689.
t>.
Grene, a gren, a snare, 110/164.
Grete to make great, 52/241
grow great, 97/1025, 149/6.
Grete, to greet, salute, 159/25.
Greves, groves, 49/149.
Greyne, grain or pips, 89/805.
Greythed, prepared in the original
; Heldes, slopes, 165/22.
parata, see Morris's Specimens,
62/35.
Grobbe, to grub, or dig up, 164/6.
Grobbes, grubs, 160/63.
Groissyng, explained by stridens,
14/357, perhaps the
French
grossir, gritty, 3/59.
Gross, Lat. a green fig, 126/633.
Grount, ground, bottom, 176/154.
Gurgolions, weevils, 18/485.
Hafte, spear-handle ; it
rough measure called
115/311.
,
Halde, poured, 101/1115.
Hale, to drag, 132/771.
Hale, v. intrant, pour
197/284.
Half, part, side, 37/1002. (So in
Sir J. Mandeville,
"
griffon is
more strong than vim lyons
such as been of this half.")
Half, side, every half, on all sides,
154/144.
Halvendele, half-part, 41/1123.
Happe, chance, 86/710.
Happe, Fr. fasten, 68/214.
Haras, Lat. stables, pigsties, etc.
Here it seems to represent the
French haras, studs, 134/820.
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Hardes, shells, husks, 169/135.
Hardnesse, Lat. duramenta, the
hard wood of vines, 69/240.
Harme, vide after, 21/472.
Haunt, practise, follow, 0.
Fr.
hanter, 61/196.
" He" is used in a
peculiar manner,
like the Greek Tt9, 105/52.
Hede, grow to head, 192/156.
Heedles, headless, 32/881.
; Heer, here, or rather higher,
"
supra ha3C podia," 39/1058.
Heer, hair, 193/180.
Hegge, hedge, 59/438.
Helde, A.S. to pour, 41/1132.
Hele, heal, 22/597.
Hele, healthy, hale, 3/46.
Heled, covered, 20/524.
Helthes, health, 12/301.
Hent, to catch or throw, 42/1151.
Hente or hende, kind, gracious,
186/216.
Her, their, 11/291, etc.
Herde, adj. hard, 41/1122.
Herde, sub. tow, 41/1122.
Her on, here on, 317/383.
Here oon, their own, 211/107.
is also a Herre, higher, 77/445.
haft- man ; Hervest, autumn, 10/260, 113/252,
etc.
Hery, hairy, 78/874.
Hete, promise, 94/936.
hail, Heven, intrans. to rise, 181/75.
Hewe, hue, colour, 99/1063.
Hie, hasten, 99/1076, 208/32.
Hie, high, 209/58.
Hinge, hang, 148/223.
Hocked, hooked, 42/1)54.
Hockes, caterpillars, 32/882.
Hode, cover as with a hood,
86/717.
Hokes, hooks, bills, 42/1159.
Hoketh, curved into a hook,
111/202.
Holgh, hollow, 70/757.
Holsum, wholesome, 2/34.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. 243

" No
Home, closely, thoroughly, Kepe, v. to care, thing thai
147/192. kepe," nil curant, 216/270.
Honge, hang, 114/285. Kerve, carve, cut, 72/308.
Hoote, hotly, quickly, 179/7. Kirf, cutting, 8/190.
Hopre, seed basket, or measure, Kirtils, coats, 16/417.
" to doone to
186/43. Kitte, kytte, to cut,
Hoole, whole, wholesome, sound, kitte," to have cut, 151/67.
42/77. Konne, know, 208/26.
Home, hoof, 133/795. Ky, cow, 166/65.
Howe, to hew down, 151/60. Kyen, cows, 130/707.
Huls, to reap hastily, cum strepitu Kynde, kind or nature, 65/123,
metere, 160/56. 163/132, etc.
Husbonde, husbandman, 40/1080, Kytte, cut, 6/127.
43/1168, 75/593.
Hutte, clod, 60/188. Laak, fault, lack, 136/895.
Laier, vide Leir, from A.S. leger.

Iche, each, 114/291. Lamber, lambron, lambs, 145/155.

Idus, Lat. 13th or 15th day of Langh, long, 38/1033.
Lappe, v. to wrap, 57/373.
Roman months reckoned from
the Nones, 45/29. Lappe, lop, loppings, 150/45.
Laste, late, 184/155, etc.
Iliche, equality, 7/167.
Latte, late, 198/303.
Immyn, free from, 157/237.
Lattest, latest, last, 14/364.
Implayne, plaster, 18/479.
Latteth, makes late, 192/133.
Incrementacion, means of increase,
Leche, leach, doctor, 211/129.
217/294.
Lede, cover with lead, 177/175.
Indistinctly, without distinction,
Lede, to lade or load overlede, ;
98/1064.
oppress, 182/101.
Inflacioun, flatulence, 205/504.
Lat. Leef, desirable, 129/687.
Insolent, unaccustomed,
Leendes, loins, 129/683.
209/57.
Lefte, dear, beloved, 142/55.
Instinct, instigated, 167/104.
Intort, towards, 56/344.
Legge, to lay, 22/583.
Leide, laid, 129/683.
Inwith, within, 101/1133.
Leir, lair, place. So Barnaby
Goodge (p. 17, B.), says "a
Jape, trick, deceit, 100/1104. Husbond must consider
good
Joyfulliche, joyfully, 215/222. what crop is best for every
layer," 3/52.
Kades, Lat. cadus, casks, 199/331. Lemes, lights, vide Way's Notes,
Kalendes, Lat. the first day of the Prompt. Parv., 57/229.
1

Roman month, 62/29. Lene, make lean, macerate,

Kake, cake, 214/203. 90/810.
Kark, to care, 129/701. Lene, leanness, 140/14.
Katrefoil, i.e. quatrefeuille, having Lere, learn, 3/45.
four leaves, 191/118. Lerned, taught, 144/128.
Kepe, sub. care, taketh keep, Lese, lose, destroy, 35/948, 87/737.
cavete, 58/406, 104/6. Lese, to select, gather, 165/48.
244 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Leson, loosen, 71/292.
Lest, lost, 77/462.
Lesure, injury, 87/733, 134/825.
Lete make, let make, to have
made, 12/310.
Lethe, mitigate, regulate, adjust,
159/45.
Lette, hinder, 45/39.
Leve, to grow to leaf, 71/276.
Leve, A.S. to remain, 176/150.
Lever, preferable, rather, more
desirable, 38/1046.
Levy, leafy, 121/486.
Leys, fallows, novales, see Tusser
on January, " Ley lands or lease,
Break up if you please," 46/76.
Leyt, lightning, 70/272.
Lief, leave, 72/315.
Lift, left, 130/718.
Lifte, lively, 133/793.
Ligge, lie, 109/157.
Like, likely, 156/199.
Like, mild, 45/32.
Liking, aspect, favour, 3/46.
Likyng, pleasing thing, dainty,
132/699.
List, listen, attend, 159/145.
Lite, little, 26/689, 31/836.
Lithe, kind, 61/8.
Loith, for leith, lays it down,
25/661.
Loken, locked, 163/153.
Loment, Lat. a mash, a mess,
200/366.
Lomes or Loomes, A.S. vessels,
203/447, 204/478.
Lone, lane, passage, 177/170.
Longe, owing to,
" On the soil it
is longe," i.e. it is owing to the
soil, 61/194.
Longe-woo, lung-woe, consump-
tion, 3/50.
Longes, lungs, 3/49.
Longeth, belongeth, 189/66.
Longh, rich, vide lough, 50/184.
Lome, lost, 25/663.
Loues, loaves, cakes, 205/522.
Lough, low, 72/304.
Loure, to look dull, or ill, 144/121 .
Louting, bending, bowing, 209/62.
Luke, lukewarm, tepid, 131/731.
Luys, lice, 23/608.
Lyarde, grey-coloured horse,
133/806.
Lygge, to lie, vide Ligge.
Lymous, Lat. muddy, 176/139.
Lyne, flax, 208/28.
Lynyment, Lat. a substance to
smear casks with, 202/440.
Lysardes, lizards, 39/1056.
Lyst, imp. the lyste, you please,
17/466, etc.
Maath, maketh, 120/457.
Magma, Lat. dregs, Crocomagma,
dregs of saffron, 199/351.
Magre, Pr. malgre, in spite of,
mauger, 206/551.
Make, timber, 59/437.
Mai, 0.to hammer, 44/17, 122/517.
Male, apple, 216/246, etc.
Malthes, cements, stuccos, Lat.
41/115.
Malves, mallows, 147/206.
Margh, marrow, 21/479.
Mary, marrow, 195/236.
Mascul, male, 201/412.
Mater, matter, material, 208/49.
Matier, Lat. materia, wood,
70/282.
Mayne, vigour, main, 36/870.
Me. This is not always the per-
sonal pronoun, but seems to be
an abbreviation of " men," and
corresponds to the French on.
Thus, in the first stanza, "What
mon me moost enforme," what
man is to be instructed, or one
has to inform, and so on. See
Stratmann's Diet, voce man.
Meath, mead, 54/282, 90/812.
Meddel, to mix, 118/413.
Mede, meadow, 208/29.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Medessyng, medicine, 29/799.
Medietee, half, 208/34.
Medled, mixed, 27/596.
Meene, less, minor, 64/81.
Meete, sufficient quantity, 199/336.
Melch, adj. full of milk, 99/1080.
Mele, apple, and any tree bearing
fruit of that kind, vide Barnaby
Googe, 91/838, etc.
Mele, tablemele, bed by bed, tabu-
latim, 66/148. See Stratmann's
Diet, in voce m&l.
Melincoly, ill-temper, 136/883.
Melle, to mix, 92/868.
Mene, middle, intermediate, 4/79.
Mene, centre, Fr. moyen, 75/389.
Menge, or mynge, mix, 13/350.
Merge, Lat. a layer, 208/34.
Mervaille, Fr. marvellous, like
wonder, 143/96.
Messe, moss, 86/708.
Mete, meat, 86/708.
Mete, measure, 75/406.
Mete, adj. moderate, 49/158,
Metrete, Merprjr^, a measure of
about twelve gallons, 203/443.
Mette, measure, 86/708.
Mewe, aviary, 20/526, 125/583.
Mirt, myrtle, 21/568.
Mo, moo, more, 42/1152, etc.
Molde, moldewarp, mole, 34/924,
108/130.
Molsh, soft, 49/141.
Molton, melted, liquid, 54/281.
Mon, man, 1/2.
Mone, month, 45/29.
Moost, must, 78/849.
Morter, Lat. mortar turn, a hole in
the ground, like a mortar,
108/116.
Mose, to cover with moss, 74/365.
Mougthes, moths, 138/945.
Mousdon, dun-coloured, like a
mouse, 133/812.
Moushered, dun-haired, 136/893.
Munyte, Lat. fortified, 157/223.
Must, new wine, passim.
245
Musty, made with must or leaven,
205/525.
Myddyng, dunghill, 28/750.
Myght, strength, 39/1068.
Mylde, millet, 21/556.
Mylge, dig round, molsh, 74/365.
Myliair, Lat. a vessel with pipes
for supplying a bath, 40/1093.
Myne, mineral, 14/374.
Myne, dig, as in undermine, 73/34.
Mynge, mix, 13/350.
Mynt, money, 99/1069.
Myres, gen. of mire, miry,
marshy, 35/966.
Myrous, wonderful, 117/858.
Myscheve, fare ill, 23/614.
Myslike, displease, 122/515.
Myttens, gloves, mittens, 43/1167.
Myxe, a damson, 98/1032.
Nal, nail, 51/199.
Namely, especially, 12/306.
Nare, are not, 136/888.
Nasse, was not, 136/886.
Nath, hath not, 7/176.
Neet, bull, 19/506.
Nelde, needle, 22/662.
Ner, nor or never, 135/860.
Nere, never, 154/154.
Neute, newt, eft, 92/865.
Nolde, would not, 186/215.
Nones, fifth or seventh day of
Roman month, reckoned from
the Calends, 98/131.
" for noo-
Noothing, nothing,
thing," on no account, 217/275.
Norice, nurse, 24/646.
Nors, nurse, 105/35.
Nought, useless (nought atte al,
altogether worthless), 205/507,
etc.
No we, no, nuttus, 144/155.
Nowe and nowe, immediately,
178/189.
Noyous, noisome, annoying, 18/485.
So Spenser, F. Q. 1, 11, 50,
"noyous night."
246 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Nygh, to approach, 9/226. Over-colde, excessive cold, 189/54.

Kyghtertale, night- time, 33/910. Overflame, spread over, 42/1139.
So in Chaucer's Prologue to Overheled, covered over, 44/15.
C. T. v. 97. Overward, across, 66/139.
Kyi, will not, 53/246. Overwhelve, overwhelm, as in
JSys, is not, 77/450, 204/488. Chaucer, 29/781.
Overwrie, cover over, 113/260.
Object, part, placed in the way, Owe, ought, 149/5. Vide Corri-
131/743, 211/124. genda.
Observed, kept, preserved, Owen, own, suus, 25/674.
116/332.
Obumbre, Lat. shade, 207/13.
Occasion, Lat. harrowing, 207/11. Palmy, made of palm-leaves,
Offed, divided into cakes, o/as, 203/458.
26/687. Pane, pain, malady, 52/879.
Olde, old age, waning, eld, Parcel, apart, 189/73.
59/439. Parget, plaster of a wall, 16/414.
Olofte, above, 40/1080. Partie, part, a partie, partly,
Ones, once, 25/672. 197/278.
Ones, "atte ones," at one time, Parties, parts, 27/725.
180/22. Pastyne, Lat. well - prepared
Onys, once, 98/1033. ground, 210/86.
Oo, one, or 1 Pastynyng, Lat. preparing ground
96/994. for vines, 29/772.
Oon, one, 18/469, 116/833. Pedifeet, tendrils, little feet,
Oone, oven, 215/235. 117/375.
Or, ere, before, 6/138. Pere, intrans. to pour, 195/243.
Or, o'er, i.e. over, 38/1032. Peire, Lat. perish, 95/964.
Or long, overlong, 14/59. So in Peire, impair, 180/28.
Hampole's Pricke of Conscience. Pellet, a pellicle or skin, 154/144.
Ose, ooze, 175/116. Penne, pen, pipe, 177/186.
Oste, oven, kiln for malt, 17/457. Pensel, pencil, or brush, 146/165.
Other, otherwise, else, 26/687. Perflable, Lat. pervious to the
Other, outher, or, else, 26/687, wind, 37/1002.
110/174. Pese, pea, 181/64.
Otherwhiles, time after time, Peson, peas, 106/68.
occasionally, year after year, Petifet, Lat. pediculos, small
166/65. stalks, 93/902.
Ough, ought, anything, 3/53. Picke, pitch, 186/194.
Oures, hours, 168/131. Picoys, pickaxe, 42/1153.
Outetake, except, 28/758. Pik, pitch, 157/223.
Oute-trie, to choose out, 216/257. Pike, 186/194.
Outher, either, 36/976. Piles, pillars, 40/1089.
Outseeth, project, or look out- Pilgramage, pilgrimage, 198/305.
wards, 135/868. Pipe, large cask, 57/382.
Outtrie, choose out, 19/514. Pipes, veins, 58/389.
Outwith, without, beyond, 12/317. Piste, spikenard, 201/411.
 GLOSS ARIAL INDEX. 247

Pitch, to place, 127/657. Pryk, a pointed instrument, a

Pitche, cover with pitche, 89/795.
Pitchelonges, headlong, 150/42.
Plage, Lat. wound, 75/396.
Pleche, plash, interlace, 73/330.
See Shakespear, Much Ado,
" thick
pleached."
Plie, fold, spread, apply, 55/306.
P'ymnent occurs in 9/231, and
11/278. It is evidently an
abbreviation, intended perhaps
for prominent ,used substantively
for a president, or foreman. In
each case it is the same word in
the original, viz. prasul.
Poche, bag, 118/408.
Pointe, v. to prick, 208/46.
Poire, poor, 61/3.
Pole, pool, 17/442.
Pomly, spotted, dapple (as in
Chaucer, Prologue to C. T., 616),
133/809.
Ponne, pan, 33/909.
Portulake, Lat. pursulain, 23/603,
skewer, 11/214.
Pugges, refuse of corn (see Halli-
well), 99/1079.
Pulle, v. to stagnate with pools,
4/89.
Pulles, pools, 38/1032.
Punyk, Carthaginian, punicum
malum, pomegranate, 95/951.
Pure, pour, 55/327.
Pusk, Lat. posca, wine and vine-
gar, 121/526.
Putacioun, Lat. pruning, 209/50.
Puttes, pots, 53/253.
Pyjon, pigeon, 184/145.
Pynne, pain, injury, 37/1006.
Pypyned, furnished with pips,
63/72.
Quenche, ob. int. to be extin-
guished, 175/127.
Querne, mill, 31/831.
Quod, said, 76/420.
Quysht, quist, couscot, Strat-

196/246. mann's Dictionary, " avis palus-

Pose, lay down, assert, 11/285. tris," 28/758.
Potage-ware, potherbs, 160/57. Quyte, v. quit, acquit, requite,
Potte, a hole, Lat. puteus, 17/564. 8/185.
Poury, Pr. pourri, corrupt, 3/39.
Povert, poverty, 296/270. Radish, root, 32/876.
Powder-caste, covered with dust Raf, rubbish, 31/827.
or fine earth, pukerafa,
164/12. Bain-beroime, overrun by rain,
Prasocoride, Gk. a kind of moth, 160/73.
35/953. Ramal, old wood, 71/292. Lat.
Prickker, rider, 135/845. rami inutiles. See Halliwell,
Prike, to race, ride, 135/858. under Ramel-wood.
Prike, search for, select, 182/87. Rancoure, rancidity, 191/111.
Procuracion, Lat. care, attention, Rapte, Lat. seized, crushed,
214/193. 216/273.
Profluent, Lat. spreading, 209/56. Rathe, early, to rathe, too soon ;

Prophaned, revealed, made public, rathest, soonest, 45/39, 67/151.

Rather thenne, sooner than,
31/147.
Propurtee, property,
J peculiarity, 173/66.
165/23. Raught, reached, developed,
Provyne, to prepare the vine, stretched, A.S. racan, 129/682.
208/31. Raves or rabes, rapes, 110/170.
Prow, profit, advantage, 98/1040. Eebel, rebellious, 131/756.
248 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Reclude, shut, 39/1069, 218/1308.
Rede, to advise, 57/370, 192/159.
Redes, ridges, 112/219, 209/73.
Reke, rush, hasten, 8/194.
Relent, loosened, 137/908.
Remewe, remove, 29/777, 54/280.
Rene, rank, row, reign, domain,
rene, Dr. Stratmann takes to be
O.Dutch r$n (reeri), Dan. Swed.
rSn (reeri}, O.Fr. rein f., M. H.
Germ, rein m. limes, which in
Yorkshire is rain, 3/61, 7/159.
So in Spenser, F. Q. 6, 2, 9,
" In all this forest and wild
woody raine."
Repe, a handful or sheaf, 163/135.
Repercusse, Lat. reflected, driven
back, 208/23.
Repman, reaper, 158/18.
Repose, put back, 56/334.
Repreve, reproof, 49/151. The
old reading was " reprobatur."
Gesner's " approbatur."
Restyf, restive, stiff, 181/73.
Revire, revive, revivere, 53/259.
Rewe, row, turn, 71/290.
Re we, have pity, rue, 137/911.
Reyne, rain, 77/442.
Rigges, ridges, 42/1 151.
Right by, close by, near, 105/27.
Risshy, rushy, made of rushes,
204/494.
Robell, rubble, 13/340.
Rody, ruddy, red, 159/25.
Roggy, rough, rugged, 180/86.
Rong, rank, uliginous, 50/169.
Rope, reaped, 183/127.
Rote, rot, 28/750.
Route of, Fr. drive off in confu-
sion, mix all of aheap, 201/397.
Rovyng, roofing, 15/383.
Rowe, rough, 150/31.
Rowe, to cut in rows, 160/54.
Rowne, scream, or roar like the
wind, 154/156.
Rucul, the animal, cankerworm,
32/355.
Rucul, the plant, rocket, 31/353.
Ruge, Lat. wrinkle, 20/704.
Rule, line, row, 123/156.
Runcle, wrinkled, 129/679.
Russet, brown, 31/830.
Ryving, splitting, 212/140.
Ryvullynge, wrinkling, 196/258.
Sadd, v. to sadden, 14/378.
Sadde, firm, steady, 8/193.
Saluting, bowing, bending, vide
Louting, 209/62.
Saly, sallow, willow, 212/139.
Sape, Lat. a kind of new wine,
102/1143.
Sarce, to strain, 202/414.
Sation, Lat. sowing, 207/9.
Saufly, safely, 18/483.
Saunez,Fr.Mw$, without, 101/11 22.
Save, safe, 36/973.
Save of, safe from, 36/982.
Savelles, Fr. sable, sands, 14/353.
Saver, smell, 28/751.
Sayne, seyne, say, 35/346-7.
Scalls, scab, 154/138.
Scars, sparingly, 124/557.
Scathe, detriment, harm, 40/1106,
41/1115.
Sclak (qu. slack), loose, crumbling,
173/72.
Scobes, Lat. sawdust, 93/901.
Scole, school, discipline, 44/14.
Scopes, Lat. bundles, 84/643.
Score, to shear, to cut, 153/119.
Scorf, scurf, dandruff, 154/138.
Scorne, cutting, sharpness, 151/50,
154/147.
Scrapes, scrapers, 125/849.
Scriple, scruple, 59/418.
Scyment, cement, 156/190.
Sede, to plant, 151/71.
Sedness, saving, 10/256.
Seeforth, seaweed, 116/335.
Seek, sick, 211/110.
Seekle, sickly, 107/99.
Sek or seek, sick, 25/665, 94/939.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Seetes, seats, 49/1094.
Seeth, boil, seethe, 17/445, 10/256.
Segges, sedges, 17/445, 20/525.
Sekirly, surely, 31/843.
Sekkul, sickly, 192/139.
Sekur, secure, confident, 175/115,
216/267.
Selde or seelde, seldom, 94/922.
Sely, simple, weak, harmless,
167/190.
Semycicle, half, 169/148.
Sene, look, examine, 16/410.
Senowy, sinewy, 129/684.
Senvey, mustard, 169/149.
Seriol, Lat. a small cask, 118/393.
Sete, suitable, pleasant,
59/420, 120/457.
Seth, since, 27/735.
Sevum, Lat. tallow, 42/1141.
Sewe, follow, pursue, 21/474,
146/181.
Sewe, pursuit, 146/184.
Sextar, Lat. sextarius, a pint,
58/146.
Shalkes, chalk, 94/927.
Share, sharp, rough, A.S. scearp,
137/900.
Sharnebodde, sharnbug, beetle,
173/60. Mr. Eurnivall refers
me to the E.E.T.S. ed. ofAyen-
lite of Inwyt, p. 61, "]?et byej?
fe ssarnboddes Jet beule]? (=fly
from) fe floures, and louie]?
]?et dong."
Also Gower's " Like
to the sharnebudes kynde." In
the Eastern Counties boud=:
weevil; loud, Lat. mals.
Shent, ruined, 8/189.
Shog, to shake, 198/322.
Shor, short, soon, 182/88.
Side or syde, wide, vast, 98/1052.
Sie, sink, descend, 198/326.
Sith, A.S. afterwards, 111/215.
Sithe, times, 141/28.
Skeppes, baskets, 190/105.
Skewed, piebald, variegated,
skewbald, spotted, 26/703.
249
Slade, vaUey, 177/176.
Slake, to pour gently, 145/146;
to slacken, fall off, retire,! 58/56.
Sle, slay, 34/912.
Sleek, a kind of earth like coal,
carlunculus 49/152.
Slen, to slay, 77/453.
Slevying, a slip of a vine or cut-
ting, 67/162, 185/164.
Sloute, to slit, perhaps slonte,
104/12.
Slygh, ingenious, 145/162. So
in Chaucer's Troilus.
Slyke, sleek, 26/689.
Smeke, smoke, 160/69.
sweet, Smert, smart, 35/940.
Smolder, sub. smoke, 34/929.
Smyke, smoke, 200/362.
Smylle, smell, 183/122.
Snewe, to snow, to scatter, 199/332.
So so after lut, indifferently,
217/294.
Soconde, assistance, 37/1019.
Socoure, afford succour, 36/978.
Solar, Lat. solarium, summer
apartment, 155/176.
Sender, separate, 94/145.
Soote, A.S. sweet,77/446, 192/147.
Soote, sooty, black, 94/942.
Sore, severely (" to sore," too
decidedly, 211/122), 106/74.
" locus
Sough, sewer, pro fimo
bourn," 19/515.
Souke, suck, 187/16.
Sowne, sound, 147/194. So in
Spenser, E. Q. 1, 41.
Splatte, to press down flat, 48/123.
Splay, display, spread, 23/625,
83/683.
Spende, v. to expend, to con-
sume, 99/1069.
Spende, part, consumed, used (not
sold, vide 167/100), 123/540.
Spild, ruined, 118/402.
Spille, failure, 170/164.
Spir, sprout, 98/1034.
Spreyne, sprinkle, 192/161.
250 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Spring, spryng, sprinkle, scatter, Straite, straightway, immediately,

"
spread in 32/876, springeth 153/121.
their radishes," i.e. sprinkle Strange, strong, 4/88.
their root, 24/649, etc. Stre, straw, 6/146.
Sprongen, risen, 74/377. Streine, narrow, strait, 177/181.
Spronke, shoot, sprout, 211/116. Streite, narrow, 41/1100.
Squorges, scourges, flagella, vine Strength, v. strengthen, 69/239.
cuttings, 65/113. Streve, shave, cut, also strew,
Stale, stalk, plant, 194/194. 101/1127, 190/103.
Stalons, stallion-horses, 132/779. Streyne, to stretch, 70/268.
Stalons, bulbs, onions, 113/267, Strom, stream, 210/105.
126/635. Stry, strie, to strew, to scatter,
Starape, to bruise or press down 61/10, 128/670.
in any way, 218/305. Stulpes, posts, 39/105.
Stanche, closely, staunchly, Stynte, forbear, 1/7.
208/315. Subact, Lat. subdued, well- worked,
Stanry, stony, probably an error 214/216.
in the MS., 86/701. Sue, se we, follow, pursue, 125/585.
Staphisagre, staphis agria, wild Succedent, a follower, 101/1125.
vine, 32/596. Sumdele, some portion, somewhat,
Stede, a place, 8/204, 141/40. 10/252.
Steine, stone, jar, amphora, Summyter, summit, top, 111/240.
102/1165. Sure of, safe from, 197/294.
Steke, to stick, to be crowded, Surtray, Fr. to strain, 100/1097.
150/32. Surtreet, Fr. to withdraw, sub-
Stele, stalk, but vide Stile, 209/77. tract, 120/460.
Stene or stone, Lat. amphora, Swage, assuage, 136/883.
about nine gallons, 116/334. Swelle, to make to swell, 110/188.
Stept, steeped, 214/217. Swerde, sword, 153/119.
Stere, to stir, 158/12. Swerde, sward, 3/58.
Stering, stirring, loose, said of Sweete, sweat, 18/486, 59/424.
ground, 49/141; active, said of Swete, level, 49/146.
mules, 135/852. Swethed, swathed, bound, 149/19,
Sterve, die, Ger. sterben, 34/931. Swon, swineherd, 100/1086.
Stewe, fishpond, 28/769. Swynke, labour, 202/439.
Steyth, steady, 136/892. See Syde, vast, 129/679.
stith in Stratinann's Diet. Syngrene, houseleek, 31/853.
Stile,wood, 88/770. Synk, Fr. five, vide side-note,
Stocke, to root up, 150/46, 182/92. 84/656.
Stonde, Lat. cupa, a cask, 39/1051. Systtme, sesame, a kind of wheat,
Stont, stop, make to stand, 181/67.
102/1167.
Stonte, an hour, Ger. stunde,
186/207. Table-mele, in beds, bed by bed,
Stortes, stalks, 118/387, 206/528. tabulatim, 66/148.
Stounde, a short time, Ger. stunde, Tables, garden beds, 30/810.
180/44. Tabulette, small tablets, 156/195.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. 251

Take, lay hold as a plant does, Tho, Thoo, then, 65/109.

49/153. Thonke, to thank, 159/26.
Tale, account, number, 194/193. Thoo, those, 68/194.
Talgh, tallow, 17/444. Thorgh, through, (go) through,
Talions, Lat. talea, truncheons, 151/36,
96/991. Thorle or Thurle, bore, perforate,
Talpes, Lat. moles, 24/931. A.S. thirlian, 34/925, 111/198.
Targe, delay, 99/1075. Thoste, A.S. dung, 39/1077,
Targyng, tarrying, delay, 86/720. 116/348.
Te, 34/934. In the MS. te seems Threste, thrust, 190/86.
an error for the, and so I have Thriddendele athird part, 14/478.
;

printed it. Thrie, thrice, 35/959, 179/2.

Teetc, Lat. covered. "Do be Thrive do, make thrive, 190/89.
tecte," make to be covered, Throut, Theroute, thereout, out-
155/180. side, 33/896, 117/399.
Tempur, temperate, 52/534. Thyne, thin, 200/382.
Tende, tendency, 166/60. Tibertine, brought from Tibur, or
Tendron, Fr. young shoot, tendril, Tivoli, 14/378.
88/774. Til, to; intil,into, 152/80,163/138.
Tened, excited, A. S.tedn, 130/725. Tile, till, 81/567.
Tenes, stalks, tendrils, 118/395. Tilette, small tile, cube, or tessera,
Tente, heed, attention, 196/273. 156/195.
Tere, to tear, 102/1150. Tobreke, break to pieces, 159/16.
Tere, to draw, 102/1152. Tobrent, burnt up, 104/21.
Teye, tie, 131/752. Tofore, before, 152/88.
Thair, there, or where, 68/191, etc. Togoon, v. go to, adire, 27/740.
" " that To grounde, ground to pieces,
That, the," as in Chaucer,
oon," and in next line, "that 42/1135.
other," 74/359, etc. Togh, i.e. tough, stalk, or tow,
Thater, the water, 4/94. 116/342.
The or thee, succeed, prosper, Tole, tool, 43/1164.
97/1012, 111/216. To-shake, shake to pieces, 52/240,
Thenne, thence, 218/325. 100/1095.
" there
There, Thereas, where, e.g. To, too, e.g. to sore, too sore, too
as thowe thou casteth dwell," decidedly, 152/88.
where you resolve to live, 9/234. To take, take to pieces, 4/74.
Thereto, in addition, besides (but Toon, toes, 188/49.
in 46/67, so much, catenus), Tort, towards, 1 07/82.
199/339. Toshake, shake well, 163/128.
Thewes, tempers, 129/695. Towe, instrument, 159/36.
Theye, the eye, 161/87. Travaille, Fr. to work, 201/403.
Thilles, shafts of a cart, 159/38. Tre, three, 142/72.
Thinke, I think fit, 197/275. Tree, wood; rule of tree, wooden
Thitherwarde, witherward, in the rule or frame 153/120.
direction in which, 146/177. Treen, adj. made of trees, 137/916.
Thitherwarde, in that direction, So Spenser, F. Q. 2, 39.

146/180. Trete of, use, dispose of, 87/741.

252
Triclyne, Lat. triclinium, dining-
room, 15/391.
Trie, choose, see Try.
Triste, trust, 69/224.
Trouble, adj. Fr. dark, muddy,
disturbed, 201/400.
Trowe, believe, trust, 76/425.
Trowe, trough, 137/916.
Trowes, troughs, 127/164.
Trumpes, trumpets, tubes, 177/1 79.
Trunke, to truncate, 107/86.
Try, Fr. to select, pull out, 1 30/707.
Trymenstre, three-monthly, 61/10.
T way, two, 169/161.
Tweyne, two, 25/672.
Twie, twice, 35/959.
Two, twice, 214/208.
Twyble, axe, 42/1153.
Twye, twice, 35/957.
Twyk, tweak, pull, 150/26.
Tymber, v. to build with wood,
13/335.
Tynnen, made of tin, 152/99.
Uch, each, 17/450.
TJchoon, each one, 51/191.
Umbe, around, 162/106.
Umbigoon, surrounded, 51/197.
Umber, Lat. umbra, shade, 198/329.
TJmbidelve, dig round, 115/327.
Umbiyonge, surround, 51/214.
Umbiwette, watered all round,
85/675.
Umbywende, go round, 214/221.
Umvironne, surrounded,
119/437.
Unces, ounces, 102/1158.
Uncomber, cease to cumber, 1 54/5 1
Unconnyngly, unskilfully, 107/87.
Understande, persuaded or minded,
68/196.
Undrie, become wet, 189/70.
Undure, unhard, i.e. soft, crumbled,
103/1174.
TJned, made
one, 128/680.
TJneled, unbaked, A.S.
174/103.
GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
Unese, to make uneasy, 81/562.
Uneven, v. to make rough, 182/100.
Unleest, not least, 18/487.
Unlene, unlean, i.e. fat.
5/96.
Unneth, scarcely, 97/1004, etc.
Unolde, young, 104/9.
Unrest, v. trans, disturb, 211/130.
Unresteth, disturbs, 155/114.
TJnscomed, unscummed, 168/128.
TJnthryue, thrive not, 122/507.
Until, unto, 101/1138.
Unwynk, open, 105/25.
Upon, adv. up as closed upon,
;
closed up (compare 37/996),
193/353.
Upsette, raise up, 15/395.
Upshette, shot up, thrown up,
36/993.
Upsodowne, upside down, 11/275.
Ure, sub. use, custom, 9/215.
Ure, v. to be accustomed, 91/845.
Usyng, wearing, 184/223.
Utter, out, 126/614.
Utter, outwards. "Utter trie,"
choose out, 54/294.
Utter, out, away; utterdoon, re-
moved, taken away, 144/120.
Yaporositee, Lat. vapour, occurs
on a fragment of a torn leaf at
the end of the book.
Yeer, the spring, 113/251, etc.
Yerrey, true, 179/91.
Yessel, to put into a vessel, to
13/824, pot, 200/362.
Yives, wives, 25/669.
Yoide, depart, 13/936.
.
Yoide, remove, clear, 88/762.
Yoide, superfluous, 150/23.
Yulturnus, Lat. N.E. wind, 6/144.
Wag, to shake, 209/68.
Wage, payment, produce, 143/82.
Wake, watch, 44/11.
Wanteth, faileth, 88/752.
alan, War, beware of, 9/213.
Ware, lot, collection, 28/756.
 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.
"Wary, to curse, A.S. werigan,
20/530.
Way, Ger. Weg, away, 70/273.
Wede, garment, 31/330.
Weethe, to twist, bind, 128/676.
Wegge, wedge, 53/246.
Weiveth, waives, forbears, 135/846,
20/530.
Wellesay, interj. alas! well a day!
167/91.
Welner, well near, wellnigh,
52/235.
Wem, spot, stain, 176/157.
Wende/let it go, or be
149/13.
"Wending, end of furrow, 44/12;
id quod, went, 44/20, 47/26. See
a most interesting note in Home
Tooke's Diversions of Purley,
vol. ii. p. 374, Taylor's ed.
Wende, weened, thought, 148/219.
Wene, deem, ween, 11/280.
Went, space dug, 47/96.
Wermode, wormwood, 199/334.
Werne, warn, forbid, 170/20.
Wers, worse, 190/101.
Wesshe, wash, dirty
40/1105.
Wexed, i.e. waxed, grown, enlarged,
67/181.
While, sub. time, 164/3, 201/389.
Wick, evil, wickedness, 36/973.
Wide, to widen, set apart, 94/925.
Wimble, a gimlet, 190/85.
Winche, tank, ltf/426, 93/894.
Wirche, to work, as in Chaucer,
10/259.
Wist, direct, bend, 40/1103.
Wist, known, scitum, 40/1104.
Wite, defend, 20/546.
Wite, know, 31/842.
With, therewith, passim, 90/829.
With, therewith, at same time,
149/10, etc.; with and with,every
now and then, 26/711, 193/175.
Withi, withy, wiUow, 75/412.
Withouten, without, 29/789.
253
Wlonk, rich, A.S. wlon, 77/449.
See Stratmann's Diet. 571.
Wode, Woode, mad, 6/133.
Wombe, stomach, 3/53.
Wonde, wand, a stick, 123/537.
Wonder, adj. See Wounder.
Wonder, adv. 14/378.
Wones, apartments, 13/331.
Wonte, v. neut. want, fail, 26/700.
Wonte, sub. deficiency, 26/701.
Worching, working, 15/398.
Worlde (see Note on 114/294), a
vast quantity, a world, 159/28 ;
moved, also time, an age, 193/162,
204/482.
Wortes, cabbage, 35/952.
Wough or Wowe, wall, 29/785.
Wounder, wonderful, 143/99.
Wride, spread abroad, A.S. wridan,
to nourish, 51/207.
Wrie, to cover, 6/143.
Wrie, to twist or bend the root
of awry, 13/347.
Writhe, bend, 65/118.
Wronge, crooked, twisted, awry,
oblique, 115/312.
water, Wrote, rot, 30/803.
Wrote, collect, heap, 77/445
Wrynge, press, 19/495, 118/408.
Wylous, willows, 92/878.
Wynche, tank, 16/426.
Wyne-tree, vine, 151/57.
Wynne, sub. gain, 61/5.
Wynne, v. to gain, 61/4.
Wynne, to gain one's way, 142/75.
Wyse, lead, 47/708.
Yates, gates, 35/964.
Ye, yea, 7/161.
Yeme, to care, to attend, 163/154.
Ydroken, error of MS. for ydron-
ken, see Note.
Yerde, twig or rod, virga, 125/596.
Yerdes, twigs, virgas, 194/212.
Yespon, a double handful, Scottice
Gowpen, 220/15. Ray calls it
an Essex word.
17
254 GLOSSARIAL INDEX.

Yette, yet, 142/57. Yole, pour, 16/431.

Yeve, give, 24/644. Yolgh, yellow, 22/579.
Yfere, together, 13/320, 72/319. Yonge, subj. let go, 127/641.
Yford, intended. For yfonde, Yorne, often, 17/447.
intended for, 94/940. Yqueinte, quenched, 175/111.
Yfretted, decked out, furnished. Yre, iron, 153/121.
A.S. fratan, 130/705. See Yre, rage, 106/54, 153/123.
Morris's Alliterative Poems, Yronles, without iron tools,
p. 339. 85/685.
Ygone, gone ; umbygone about, Ysels, ashes, 177/185.
surrounded, 29/788. Yshrad, shredded, cleared of the
Yhed, hidden, 121/487. husks, 169/139.
Yheped, heaped up, 219/334. Yshogged, shaken, 198/322.
Yliche, alike, 94/940. Yspronge, sprinkled, 33/907.
Ymmote, Lat. immoveas, apply, Ythied, having its thigh, 69/226.
108/109. Ytilde, tilted, set (a trap), 1 10/164.
Ymne, hymn, 163/148. Ywesh, washed, 28/762.
Ympe, plant, 66/142. Ywrie, covered, 33/895, 128/167.
Yo, A.S. clay, plaster, 15/402.
 RYME INDEX.
apparently not identical, or not authorized by grammarians' rules, are marked
with a star (*).

aboundable, adj. sing.

n. hable, adj. sing. 207/i8
Comminia, prop.
profitable, adj. sing. 207/i6
Pausia, prop. n. 77/45 6 a. sing.
darapnable,
Pausia, prop. n.
n. profitable, a. sing. 8/182
Comminia, prop. 77/458
hable, adj. sing.
-aak aboundable, adj. sing. 207/ig
profitable, adj. sing. 207/i6
blaak, adj. sing. notable, a. sing.
laak, obj. 186/895 able, a. sing. 17/459
taak, imper. 186/894 stable, obi 17/457
laak, obj. perflable, a. sing.
blaak, adj. sing. 186/892 profitable, a. pi 87/1004
taak, imper. 186/894 profitable, a. sing.
taak, imper. able, a. sing. 14/355, 84/640
blaak, adj. sing. 186/892 able, a. pi 66/152, 93/goi
laak, obj. 186/895 aboundable, adj. sing. 267/19
dampnable, a. sing. 8/181
-aaste (see -aste) hable, adj. sing. 207/i8
table, oil 66/151, 93/898
haaste, inf.
unvariable, a. sing. 14/354
waste, inf. 91/841
profitable, a. pi
able, adj. sing. 182/782
-able
perflable, a. sing. 37/ioo2
able, a. sing. spectable, adj.pl 128/672
notable, a. sing. 17/460 stable, oil 182/780
profitable, a. sing. 14/352, 84/ spectable, adj. pi
638 profitable, adj.pl 128/673
profitable, adj.pl. 182/783 stable, oil
stable,oil 17/457, 132/78o able, a. sing. 17/459, 132/
unable, a. sing. 9/222 782
unprofitable, a. pi. 9/2 1 9 notable, a. sing. 17/460
unvariable, a. sing. 14/354 profitable, adj.pl 182/783
able, a. pi. table, oil
profitable, a. sing. 66/149, 93/ able, a. pi 66/152, 93/goi
900 profitable, a. sing. 66/149, 93/
table, oil 66/151, 93/898 900
256 RYME INDEX.

a. sing. -ade
unable,
able, a. sing. 9/221
blade, obj.
unprofitable, a. pi. 9/2 19 glade, inf. 85/676
a. pi.
unprofitable, spade, obi. 85/677
able a. sing. 9/2 21
fade, t/.
unable, a. sing. 9/222
glade, inf. 184/153
unvariable, a. sing.
glade, 0. pi.
able, a. sing. 14/355 made, pp. 78/346
profitable, 0. sing. 14/352
glade, inf.
blade, obj.85/674
-ace
fade, inf. 184/154
Armarace, 0J/. made, pp. 41/iii2, 66/156
place, obi. 210/83 slade, oil. 66/159
armorace, worn. spade, oil. 86/677
place, oil. made, ^.
difface, w/. glade, inf. 41/1113, G 6 /^ 8
place, oil. 66/142 glade, a. pi. 73/344
space, obi. 66/145 slade, 0W. 66/159, 177/176
place, obi. slade, 0W.
Armarace, obj. 210/84 glade, i/. 66/158

armorace, nom. 110/169 made, pp. 66/156, 177/178

difface, inf. 66/144 spade, oil,
space, oil. 59/440, 66/145 blade, obj. 85/674
trace, inf. 146/183 glade, inf. 85/676
space, oil.
difface, inf. 66/144 -af (M -affe)
place, oil. 59/441, 66/142
chaf, obj.
trace, imper. 48/n8
raf, 0/. 31/827
trace, 0. 1 sing.pres. 157/234
raf, obj.
trace, 0. 1 atn^. .pm.
chaf, 05;. 31/829
space, 007. 157/232
saf, a. pi.
trace, imper.
Agraffe, inf. 95/948
space, 007. 48/119
trace, inf.
-affe (w* -af)
place, oW. 146/i82
-acle graffe, inf.
graffe, obj. 68/395
spiracle, nom. *saf, 0. >Z. 95/946
miracle, nom. 202/437 graffe, 0J/.
miracle, nom. graffe, *w/- 68/393
spiracle, nom. 202/435

-adde -afte (see -efte)

hadde, pp. berafte, ^.

sadde, arf/. sing. 186/891 crafte, obi. 212/139
sadde, adj. sing. (A.S. sted) crafte, 007.
hadde, ^. 186/893 berafte,^. 212/140
 RYME INDEX. 257

crafte, olj. gage, i?. 3 pi. pres.

1
*lefte, pp. 75/403 pilgramage, oil. 198/305
shafte, olj. 75/404 vyndage, nom. sing. 198/303
shafte, olj. mariage, oil.

crafte, olj. 7 5/401 age, olj. 105/28

1
*lefte, ffp. pilgramage, oil.
75/403
gage, v. pi. pres. 198/306
age vyndage, nom. sing. 198/303
rage, oil.
Avage, nom. sing. swage, n/. 186/883
age, obi. 143/83 sage, adj.pl.
wage, oil. 143/83 courage, oil.
190/90
age, oil. swage, inf.
Avage, nom. sing.143/8o rage, oW. 136/882
citriage, oil. 147/199 tillage, oil.
courage, 007. 14 7/2 02 gage, imper. 8/208
dotage, 0W. 91/86i, 190/82 vindage, oi/. 8/205
gage, inf. 204/479 usage, 0o/.
gage, worn. sing. 135/862 vindage, oil. 6/134
gage, iVwpw. 119/427, 190/79 vindage, oi/.
wage, oil.
143/82 gage, imper. 8/208
age, olj. tillage, 007. 8/207
mariage, oil. vindage, oil.
105/27
citriage, oil. usage, oil. 6/136
*
age, 007. 1 47/2O i wages, obi. 100/1092
courage, o07. 147/2 02 vyndage, nom. sing.
courage, 007. gage, 3 pi. pres. 198/306
v.

citriage, 007.147/199 pilgramage, oil. 198/305

age, 007. 1 vyndage, oil.
47/2O i
2
sage, adj.pl. 190/gi *wages, nom.pl. 100/1092
dotage, 0o/. wage, oil.

age, 007. 91/86o, 190/8 1 age, oil. 143/83

gage, tmp0r. 190/79 Avage, wow. sw^. 143/8o
gage, wipr.
age, oil. 119/426, 190/8i -ages (see -age)
dotage, 007. 190/82 wages, oil.
tillage, oil. 8/207 oil.
^vyndage, lOO/iogi
vindage, olj. 8/205
gage, in/ -ai, -ay (see -aie and -ey)
age, oil. 204/487
affray, oil.
gage, worn. wy.
allay, w/. 185/187
age, oil. 135/86i
array, olj. 286/27

1
Strictly lefte should be the perfect tense ; leved or fo/if the perfect participle.
2 On this ryrae, irrespective of the flexion, compare stenes, dene, 1750, 1776 ; seche,
leches, 1550; confessours, socour, 1842; jorneies, seize, 220, etc., in the Kindheit Jesu,
from MS. Laud, 108, in Dr. Horstmann's AUenglische Legenden, 1875, p. xliii.
258 RYME INDEX.

May, obi. 186/187

186/184 allay, inf.
splay, inf. 28/625 alway, a^. 157/223
allay, inf. ay, adv.pl 148/224
affray, oil 185/i86 may, v. 3 pi. pres. 160/52
May, obi.
186/184 may, v. 2 pi pres.
alway, adv. bay, 0o/. 51/202
haliday, obj, 7/176 may, ?. 2 sw^. ^r<?s.
May, obi. *awaie, prep. 86/988
157/224
may, v. 3 pi pres. 67/176 may, v. 3 pi pres.
array, nom. alway, adv. 67/178
assay, imper. 12/317 May, obi 160/50
clay, oil. 12/319 nay, adv.
array, obj. day, 007. 27/727
affray, obj. 23/6 28 say, v. 3 pi pres.
splay, m/. 32/625 hay, obi 26/702
assay, imper. thay, _pr(w. 26/705
array, worn. 12/320 lay, wj/1
clay, obi. 12/319 affray, 05;. 28/628
away, adv. array, obj. 28/627
007. 007.
bay, 191/H2 day, 88/631
withnay, v. 3 pi. pres. 102/1151 thai, pron.
ay, adv. twey, #$'. pi 60/169
May, obi 148/226 thay, jmw.
bay, obj. hay, obi 26/702
may, 0. 2 pi. pres. 61/203 say, ;. 3 pi pres. 26/704
bay, 007. tway, wwm. adj.
away, atfc. 007.
191/iu day, 169/i6o
bray, imper. withnay, v. 3 pi pres.
confray, imper. 111/196 away, #<&;. 102/1149
clay, obi
array, nom. 12/320 -aie, -aye (see -ay)
assay, imper. 12/317
awaie, prep.
confray, imper. y. 2 sing. pres. 86/990
may,
bray, imper. 111/195
braye, w/.
day, 007.
slaye,pp. 118/265
nay, adv. 27/728
slaye, pp.
splay, m/. 88/633
braye, inf. 113/266
tway, adj.pl. 169/i6i 1
3 subj. pres.
enaye,
haliday, obj.
*trie, imper. 60/165
alway, adv. 7/178
*die, 3 subj. pres. 50/i66
hay, obi
say, v. 3 pi pres. 26/704
-aier, -ayer (see -aire and -eire)
thay, pron. 26/705
May, obi aier, nom.
affray, oW. 185/1 86 laier, obi 91/847

Perhaps miswritten for denaye^ and that for denye, which gives a perfect ryme.
 RYME INDEX. 259

ayer, nom. -ail

*feire, a. pi. 86/705
advail, nom.
*feire, adv. 114/296
tail, obj. 78/496
*ieire, nom. 86/704, 114/299
tail, obj.
ayer, obi.
advail, nom. 78/497
*faire, adj. sing. 172/35
laier, obi. -aile
aier, nom. 91/846
advaile, inf.
-aies, -ayes (see -ayis) traile, inf. 70/246
availe, inf.
arayes, nom. pi.
nom. pi. 27/730 travaille, inf. 81/846
dales,
availe, obi.
play is, 27/733
traile, v. 3 pi. pres. 208/36
bales, nom. pi.
traile, inf.
*dayis, 81/567
advaile, inf. 70/248
bayes, obi.
traile, v. 3 pi. pres.
dayes, obi. 59/416
availe, obi. 208/38
dales, obi.
100/1096
surtray is, 106/1097 aile is (see ayles)
dales, nom.pl.
arayes, nom.pl. 27/732 availe is

bayes, nom. pi. 100/1094 snayles, nom.pl. 81/852

*nay is, 45/38
*pky is, 27/733 -ayles (see aile is)
*surtray is, 100/1097
snayles, nom. pi.
dayes, obi.
availe is, 81/850
bayes, obi. 59/414
delaies obj. 66/122
-aileth
delaies, obj,
obi. availeth, 3 sing. pres.
v.
dayes, 66/120
faileth, v. 3 sing. pres. 45/34
faileth, v. 3 sing. pres.
-ayis, -ay is
availeth, v. 3 sing. pres. 45/35
ay is

dayis, nom. pi. 153/1 1 1

-aille
bay is
bay is, 58/407, 58/409 assaille, inf.
dayis, nom. pi. travaille, v. 3 sing.4/94
ayis, 153/H2 availle, nom. sing.
nay is travaille, nom. sing. 87/735
dales, nom.pl. 45/36 availle, inf.
playis travaille, nom. sing. 46/66
arayes, nom.pl. 27/732 countervaille, inf.
dales, nom.pl. 27/730 travaille, obi.9/223
surtray is travaille, nom.
bayes, nom.pl. 100/1094 availle, nom. 87/734
dales, nom.pl. 100/1096 availle, inf. 46/64
260 RYME INDEX.

travaille, oil. sayne, v. 3 pi. pres.

countervaille, inf. 9/224 grayne, oil. 18/490
travaille, v. 3 sing. rayne, nom. sing. 190/92
assaille, inf. 4/gz slayne, pp.
travaille, inf. disdayne, olj. 18 2/8 9
availle, inf. 81/846 playne, adv. 182/86
rayne, olj. 64/85
-ayne (see -eyne) strayne, imper.
complayne, v. pi. pres. 168/14
agayne, adv. trayne, imper.
mayne, nom. 86/969 playne, oil. 88/1030
complayne, inf.
is (see
*veyne, nom. sing. 175/m -ayne -anys)
complayne, v. 3 pi. pres. y slayne is,

stray ne, imper. 168/13 *planys, oil. 94/919

disdayne, olj. *tranys, olj. 94/921
playne, adv. 182/86
aire (see -aier, -arie, -eire)
slayne, pp. 182/88
fayne, adj. sing. aire, olj.
rayne, oil. 188/36 faire, a. sing. 2/24
grayne, oil. aire, oil.
implayne, inf. 18/479 faire, a. pi. 8/55
playne, adv. 137/914 columbaire, olj.
sayne, v. 3 pi. pres. 18/489 paire, nom. 20/537
implayne, inf. repaire, inf. 20/536
grayne, oil. 18/477 dispaire, oil.
mayne, nom. eire, oil. 89/1070
agayne, adv. 86/967 enoculaire, inf.
mountayne, olj. faire, adj. pi. 212/i6i
playne, oil. !76/i6i faire, a. pi.
playne, adv. aire, oil. 8/56
disdayne, olj. 1 82/89 enoculaire, m/. 212/i6o
grayne, oil. 137/912 oil. 189/66
semynaire,
rayne, oil. 172/36 faire, a. sing.
slayne,^. 182/88 aire, oi/. 2/22
playne, oil. *ayer, oil. 172/34
mountayne, olj. 176/i6o paire, worn.
trayne, imper. 88/1032 columbaire, olj. 20/534
rayne, nom. sing. repaire, t'w/1 26/536
sayne, v. 3 pi. pres. 190/94 repaire, inf. resort
rayne, olj. columbaire, oi/. 20/534
slayne, pp. 64/87 paire, nom. 20/537
l
rayne, oil. repaire, inf. renew (see repare
fayne, adj. sing. 188/38 under are)
playne, adv. 172/38 semynaire, oil. 218/314
1
On ay a ryming, see those rymes of slayne (with -one) altered to slane in Prof.
Zupitza's Guy of Warwick, 2nd or 15th century version, E.E.T.S. MS. about 1450.
 RYME INDEX. 2G1

semynaire, obi. blake, <y. sing.

faire, adj.pl. 189/64 undertake, v. 1 smgr. pres. 133/
repaire, inf. renew, 218/315 809
take, imper. 180/712
-aith blake, v. 3 _pJ. pres.

faith, oil.
take, ^. 82/602
3 pres. sing. 197/276 brake, inf.
saith, v.
saith, v. 3 pres. sing. hony-onfake, olj. 178/197
forsake, imper.
faith, obi. 197/274
make, w/. 28/761
outake, imper. 28/758
ake
shake, w/ 168/128 ,

ake, v.pl. take, imper. 88/1049

overtake, pp. 8/5 1 take, ra/. 168/130
awake, 3 pi. pres. 8/54 forsake, w/.
ammonyake, nom. take, pp. 127/643
take, inf. 4 1/1127 forsake, v. 3 pi. pres.

armonyake, oil. slake, w/. 77/453

portulake, oil.
28/603 take, v. 3 sing. pres. 77/45 o
aslake, imper. hony-onfake, oi/.
make, inf. 88/1041 brake, *n/ 178/igg
take, inf. 88/1038 kake, 0J/.
aslake, inf. make, v. 3^??. 2?r^s. 2 14/2 02
shake, inf. 182/768 lake, oJ;'.

take, imper. 132/766 make, imper. 26/700

asslake, inf. make, imper.
make, tVrajw. 68/75 asslake, inf. 68/74
take, inf. 68/72 lake, oiy. 26/701
awake, imper. shake, m/. 68/410
make, 69/240
w/. shake, v. 3 sing. pres. 141/23
take, imper. 69/242 slake, imper. 146/146
awake, S pi. pres. stake, 0W. 72/312
ake, v.pl. 3/53 symphoriake, oi/. 196/254
overtake, #p. 8/5 1 shake, m/ ^2/240
rake, obi. 11 3/2 60 take, w^r. 68/408, 72/313,
bake, obi. 145/143, 196/257
take, inf. 42/1158 take, inf. 18/349, l7/4 62, 68/72
betake, imper. take, v. 2 sing. pres. 90/8^5
take, wrc/w. 24/641 take, sw/. 229/371
undertake, wi/l 24/642 make, m/.
blake, 0^'. ^J. aslake, ^^r. 88/1040
make, 166/77
inf. awake, imper. 69/243
take, wt^w. 180/712 blake, odj.pl. 166/76
take, inf. 200/375 forsake, 'i^r. 28/760
undertake, v. 1 sing. pres. 130/ make, inf. 82/593
7*3 outake, ww^r. 28/758
wake, inf. 200/376 outetake, pp. 66/332
262 RYME INDEX.

shake, inf. 100/1095 make, inf. 100/1093

slake, imper. 44/12, 55/3 n make, v. 3 pi. pres. 62/242
slake, v. 3 sing. pres. 188/2 6 Siriake, #^'. sm^. 137/913
stake, imper. 118/397 take, imper. 68/408, 132/766
stake, inf. 97/1027 take, inf. 137/915, 168/130
take, imper.69/242, 82/592, take, v. 2 sing. pres. 52/243
118/394, 173/52 undertake, pp. 8/203
take, inf. 11/275, 18/349, 38/ shake, 0. 3 my. jw^s.
1038, 47/joi, 67/i67, 80/ make, imper. 141/25
528,102/1158,109/148, 185/ take, imper. 94/924
185, 188/23, 196/273, 203/ Siriake, adj. sing.
1
4&5 shake, /. 37/916
take, v. 3 pi. pres. 97/1024, take, m/. ^7/915
186/169, 204/493 slake, imper.
take, subj. 100/uo2, 211/115 make, imper. 146/145
undertake, inf. 11/278 make, inf. 44/g, 66/309
wake, inf. 44/u take, tV/?r. 145/143,
1
169/H8
ytake, pp. 93/906 wake, tw/ 44/u .

make, v. 3 pi. pres. slake, wi/1

kake, 214/203
obj. forsake, v. 3 pi. pres. 77/452
outetake, imper. 27/723 Portulake, o&J. 196/246
take, v. 3 sing. pres.
take, inf. 159/29, 206/528 77/450
take, v. 3 pi. pres. 27/725, 128/ slake, v. 3 *MI^. pres.
675, 158/3 make, '/ 188/25
make, v. subj. take, inf. 188/23
take, imper. 52/243, 101/1115 stake, imper.
Tyriake, nom. 101/iu8 make, inf. 118/396
outake, imper. take, imper. 118/394
forsake, imper. 28/760 stake, inf.
make, inf. 28/761 make, inf. 97/IO26
outetake, imper. take, v. 3 pi. pres. 97/1024
make, inf. 66/330 stake, oil.
make, v. 3 pi. pres. 27/726 make, imper. 72/310
take, v. 3 pi. pres. 27/725 take, imper. 72/313
overtake, pp. symphoriake, obj.
ake, v. 3 pi. pres. 8/5 3 make, imper. 196/256
awake, 3 pi. pres. 8/54 take, imper. 196/257
portulake, o/. take, imper.
armonyake, <7;. 28/605 aslake, inf.182/769
slake, inf. 196/248 awake, imper. 69/243
rake, obi. betake, imper. 24/639
awake, v. 3 pi. pres. 1 blake, adj.pl. 180/710
18/262
take, inf. 140/i6 forsake, imper.
88/1050
shake, inf. make, imper. 68/411, 72/310,
aslake, inf. 182/769 145/145, 196/2 5 6
forsake, im^er. 168/131 make, wjf. 69/240, 82/590, 82/
make, imper. 68/41 1
593, 118/396, !73/ 5 o
 RYME INDEX. 263

make, v. 2 sing. pres. outetake, imper. 27/723

make, v. 3 pres. sing. 62/242, stake, inf. 27/1027
101/iuy take, v. 3 swy. j9m.
shake, inf. 52/240, 68/410, 132/ blake, adj.pl. 200/373
768 forsake, v. 3 pi. pres. 77/452
shake, 3 sing. pres. 94/923
v. make, imper. 220/370
slake, imper. 146/146, 169/150 make, w/. 100/noo, 173/5O,
stake, imper. 118/397 211/IJ3
stake, oil 72/312 slake, */. 77/453
symphoriake, nom. 196/254 tiriake, obi. 100/1107
Tyriake, nom. 101/iu8 wake, inf. 200/376
undertake, v. 1 sing. pres. 130/ tiriake, oi/.
7'3 take, v. 3 pres. sing. lOO/uog
undertake, inf. 24/642 Tyriake, nom.
wake, imper. 12/301 make, v. 3 pres. sing. lOl/iuy
take, inf. take, imper. 101/1115
ammonyake, nom. 41/H26 underslake, inf.
aslake, imper. 88/1040 take,#p. 59/433
asslake, inf.68/74 undertake, w/.
bake, oil 42/1156 betake, imper. 24/639
forsake, imper. 168/131 make, w/. 11/277
make, tm^^r. 68/75, 17/461 take, t#/?0r. 24/641
make, inf. 11/277, 13/350, 38/ take, w/. 11/275
1041,47/99,67/168,80/526, undertake, j9jp.
102/1156, 109/150, 186/183, shake, inf. 8/202
188/25, 196/2 7 2, 208/463 undertake, v. 1 sing. pres.
make, v. 3 pi. pres. 27/726, blake, a^'.^J. 180/710
159/31, 206/526 blake, adj. sing. 188/807
rake, obi. 140/i8 take, imper. 130/712
shake, imper. 137/9i6 wake, a. sing.

shake, inf. 163/128 take, inf. 49/193

Siriake, adj. sing. 137/913 wake, imper.
slake, v. 3 sing. pres. 188/26 take, tmp^r. 12/300
1

undertake, inf. 11/278 wake, ew/ .

wake, 0. sw0r. 49/154 blake, adj.pl. 200/373

wake, v. 3 pi. pres. 166/59 make, t'w/1 44/9
take, j0j9. slake, imper. 44/12
blake, v. S pi. pres. 82/6oi take, v. 3 sing. pres. 200/375
forsake, w/. wake, v. 3 pi. pres.
127/644
undertake, m/. 69/434 take, inf. 166/57
take, 0. 2 sing. pres. ytake, #p.
make, mjp0r. 90/826 make, inf. 93/904
take, v. 3 j9/. jpm. *?iolate, 0$'. 108/1170
make, inf. 97/1026, 186/171,
-akes
204/491
make, v. 3 ^??. ^r^*. 128/673, stakes, oi?.
158/1 takes, imper. 72/325
264 RYME INDEX.

takes, imper. pale, adj. sing.

stakes, obi. 72/323 hale, m/. 197/284
smale, adj. pi. 197/28$
al (see -all and -alle) smale, adj. pi.
avale, ?%?6T. 204/480
al, adj. pi. dale, obj. 204/4gi
Marcial, nom. 194/21 6 hale, inf. 182/771, 197/284
smal, adv. 205/505 pale, adj. sing. 197/282
general, adv. stale, nom. sing. 194/194
*alle, a. sing. 77/463 tale, obi. 194/193
Marcial, nom. stale, nom. sing.
al, adj.pl. 194/2 1 7 smale, adj.pl. 194/igi
*alle, 0^'. swy. 143/97 tale, oil. 194/193
shall, ;. 1
sing.fut. 143/94 tale, obi.
medicinal, #$'. M'W^. smale, adj.pl. 194/rgi
smal, adj. sing. 169/146 stale, nom. sing. 194/194
smal, adj. sing. vale, obi.
medicinal, adj. sing. 169/147 dale, obi. 4/91
smal, adv.
al, adj. pi. 205/507 -ales, -ale is

females, obj.
-ale males, obj. 180/721
males, obj.
avale, imper.
females, obj. 180/722
dale, 00>'. 204/481
tale is
smale, adj.pl. 204/478
avale, inf. femalys, nom. 167/97
female is
dale, 007.
177/172
hale,
malys, nom. 134/821
/. 177/i68
hale, m^r. 177/170
-alf
dale, 007.
avale, calf, oil.
177/173
hale, tmper. 177/170 half, adj. sing. 154/144, 154/145
vale, 007. 4/90 half, adj. sing.

dale, oi/. calf, oil. 154/142

half, adj. sing. 154/145
avale, tm^r. 204/480
smale, adj. pi. 204/478
female, oil. -alys
hale, /. 186/879 femalys, nom.
tale is,
hale, inf. 167/98
avale, /.177/167 malys, nom.
pale, female is, 134/823
$'. smy. 197/282
smale, adj.pl. 182/770, 197/285
female, 007. 186/877 -alk (see -alke)
hale, imper. stalk, obj.
avale, 177/173
n/. *dalke, obi. 12 5/6 07
dale, oW. 177/172
*walke, inf. 125/606
 RYME INDEX. 265

-alke (see -alk) *small, .

sing. 91/857
dalke, oil. tytymalle, oW. 117/365
1
alle, a. sing.
*stalk, obj.125/604
walke, inf. 125/6o6 ^general, a. pi. 77/465
walke, inf.
*Mareial, nom. 143/96
dalke, oil. *shall, v. 1 sing. pres. 143/94
l25/6oj
alle, adv.
*stalk, oJ;'. 125/604
*shall, v. 3 sing. pres. 53/262

-all (*** -al and -alle)

superficialle, #$'. sing. 202/416
calle, m/.
all, a. pi. nom. 88/1043
titimalle,
castimoniall, a. sing. 90/827 falle, *w/.
all, a. sing. alle, a. pi. 34/921
stall, obj. 19/505 galle, oW. 34/919
castimoniall, a. sing. falle, v. 3 pres.
^.
all, a._pj. 90/829 alle, a#.^J. 122/513, 150/41
shall, v. 1 sing. pres. falle, v. 3 my. ^r^s.
*alle, ad;, m^. 143/97 alle, adj.pl. 151/63
Marcial, worn. 143/96 malle, 122/516 /
shall, I?. 3 sing. pres.
galle, oil.
*alle, <wfo. 53/26o alle, .
pi. 34/921, 92/868, 116/
small, d^v. 169/149 346
therwithall, 0d;. 169/1 51 falle, inf. 34/922
small, a. sing. galle, 05/.
*alle, a. pi. 91/855 alle, adj.pl. 137/925
small, &<&;.
malle, >/.
shall, v. 3 sw^. j?m. 169/152 alle, adj. pi. 122/513
therwithall, adv. 169/151 falle, v. 3 sing. pres. 122/515
stall, obj.
superficialle, ^'. sing.
all, a. sing. 19/5 07 alle, ^. 202/414
therwithall, adv. titimalle, nom.
shall, v. 3 sing. pres. 169/152
calle, ew/. 88/1042
small, #<&?. 169/149 oil.
tytymalle,
alle, 0#.^. 117/367
-alle (see -al <m<? -all)
-alles, -alle is, -allis
alle, adj. pi.
falle, MI/. 34/922 walles, nom.
falle, v. 3 j*. ^m. 122/515, halle is, 20/535

150/42 halle is
^

falle, imper. 151/62 walles, nom. 20/533

galle, obj. 137/924 Wallis, nom.
galle, obi. walle is, 151/52
34/919, 92/867, 116/
344 walle is

malle, inf. 122/516 Wallis, nom. 15 1/50

Here the scribe, by writing alle instead of all, has made the ryme imperfect.
266 RYME INDEX.

the same, adv.

-ame
blame, inf. 1/6
blame, inf.
ance (see -annce and -aunce)
same, adj. sing. 186/209
the same, adv. 1/7 abundance, oil.

blame, obi. avance, inf. 42/1144

fame, obi. 11/2 91 avance, inf.
name, obj. 181/53 abundance, oil. 42/1142
name, obi. 131/755 enhance, v. 3 pi. pres.
same, pron. 11/292 avannce, inf. 124/579
same, adj. sing. 181/51 distannce, olj. 124/576
tame, inf. 131/752 gouvernance, nom.
fame, obj. avaunce, inf. 5/109
blame, oil. 11/289 perchaunce, adv. 5/uo
same, 11/292 gouvernance, oil.
frame, inf. consideraunce, nom. 2/19
overflame, imper. 42/i 1 39 plesaunce, oil. 2/i8
same, pron. 42/i 136
-and, -ande (see -ond and -onde)
game, oil.
shame, oil. 20/531 land, oil.
lame, adj. sing. stande, 3 pi. pres. 8/198
tame, adj. sing. 132/772 stande, inf. 8/201
name, obj. fande, pp.
blame, oil. 181/54 lande, oW. 80/548
same, adj. sing. 181/51 stande, inf. 80/550
name, oil. hande, 0J/.

blame, oil. 131/754 lande, nom. 44/15, 113/268

tame, inf. 131/752 lande, oi/. 9/2 n
overflame, imper. lande, oil. 3/57, 35/g66, 113/
frame, inf. 42/1138 259, 144/H7, 184/156
same, pron. 42/1136 sande, oil. 18/342
same, adj. sing. stande, inf. 86/679, 113/270,
blame, inf. 1 86/210 116/315, 184/i 5 8
blame, oil. 181/54 stande, v. 3 sing. pres. 144/n8
name, oi/. 181/53 lande, wow.
same, pron. *fonde, pp. 47/103
blame, oil. 11/289 hande, oW. 44/17, 118/271
fame, olj. 11/291 stande, inf. 2/15, 47/1O2, 113/
frame, inf. 42/1138 270, 123/537, 176/Hi
overflame, imper. 42/1139 stande, 3 sulj. 2/28
shame, 0W. *wonde, nom. 123/537
game, oi/. lande,
20/532 oi/.
tame, adj. sing. hande, oil. 9/213
lame, arf/. sing. 132/774 *hond, oW. 47/8 1
tame, m/. stande, inf. 106/55, ISl/yc
blame, oil. 131/754 *stond, */. 47/82
name, oil. 131/755 upstande, 0. 3 sulj. 75/392
 RYME INDEX. 267

lande, oil. upstande, v. sulj.

fande, pp. 80/551 lande, 0S/. 76/391 .

%
hande, oil. 8/59, 86/965, 113/
-ane
258, 144/H5, 184/159
stande, v. 3 pi. pres. 99/1074, bane, worn. sing.
henbane, oil.
124/556 82/877
pane, oil.
stande, 80/550, 116/304,
inf. 82/879
124/ 5 67, 144/io 9 152/ 9 i,
,
henbane, oi.
184/158, 187/21 bane, nom. sing. 32/8 80
stande, v. sulj. pres. 107/94, pane, oW. 82/879
144/i i 8 pane, 0JZ.
bane, wow. sing. 32/88o
understands,^. 68/198
understands, inf. 62/26 henbane, oJ. 82/877
*yfond, pp. 62/2 3
sande, oil.
-ange ($00 -annge and -onge)
hande, oil.
18/343 lange, a. pi.
stande, inf. 97/1004 *elonge, v. 3 sing. pres. 4/89
stande, inf. strange, a. pi. 4/88
fande, pp. 80/551 strange, .
pi.
*fonde, pp. 47/103 *elonge, v. 3 sing. pres. 4/89
hande, oil. 86/678, 116/314, lange, a. pi. 4/86
118/271, 184/159 strange, a. sing.
land, oil. 8/200 channge, nom. 64/90
lande, nom. 2/17, 47/ioo, 113/
268, 123/534, 176/143
-anys
lande, olj. 106/56, 181/69 planys, oil.
lande, oil.
80/548, 116/302, tranys, olj. 94/921
124/566, 144/107, 152/90, *yslayne is, 94/922
184/156, 187/20 tranys, oi/.

*londe, nom. 67/174 planys, oJ/. 94/919

sande, oil. 97/ioo2 *yslayne is, 94/922
stande, v. 3 pi. pres.
-annce -ance, -aunce)
*wonde, nom. 128/537 (see

stande, 3 sulj. abondannce, worn. sing.

lande, nom. 2/27 advannce, inf. 166/66
stande, v. 3 pres. advannce, inf.
land, oil. 8/2 oo abondannce, nom. sing. 166/64
lande, oil. 99/1072, 124/554 avannce, inf.
stande, inf. 8/201 distannce, olj. 124/576
stande, v. sulj. enhance, v. 3 pi. pres. 124/578
hande, oil. 144/H5 distannce, olj.
lande, oil.
107/Q2, 144/uy avannce, inf. 124/579
understands, inf. enhance, v. 3 pi. pres. 124/578
lande, oil.
62/23
*yfond, jt^t?. 62/25 -annge (see -ange, -annge)
understande, pp. channge, nom.
lande, oW. 68/195 strange, a. sing. 64/91
268 RYME INDEX.

-annte (see -aunte) -ardde (see -arde)

avannte, inf. hardde, a. sing.

transplannte, imper. 151/76 downwarde, adv. 48/122

transplannte, imper.
avannte, inf. 151/77 -arde (see -ardde)
transversannte, a. pi. adv.
downwarde,
chaunte, inf. 21/565
hardde, a. sing. 48/120
plesaunte, a. sing. 21/562 harde, a. sing.
harde, inf. 5 7/3 6 5
-ape harde, inf.
harde, a. sing. 57/367
escape, inf.
harde, a. pi.
grape, obj. 100/noi
upwarde, adv. 89/787
jape, nom. 100/1104
larde, obi.
sape, oil. 213/174
v. 3 pi. pres. rewarde, inf. 16/434
escape,
grape, obi. 8/190
rewarde, inf.
larde, obi. 16/433
escape, v. 3 subj. pres.
frape, inf. 202/418 upwarde, adv.
harde, a. pi. 89/785
grape, obj. 202/415
frape, inf.
-ardes (see -arde is)
escape, v. 3 subj. pres. 202/417
grape, 0J/. 202/415 hardes, obj.

grape, obj. myddelwardes, adv. 169/137

escape, inf. 100/1103 harde is, 169/138
escape, v. 3 subj. pres. 202/417 myddlewardes, adv.
frape, inf. 202/418 hardes oJ/. 169/135
jape, nom. 100/1104 harde is, 169/138
grape, obi.
escape, v. 3 pi. pres. 8/192 -arde is (*e* -ardes)
jape, nom. harde is,
escape, inf. 100/1103
hardes,obj. 169/135
grape, obj. 100/noi myddlewardes, adv. 169/137
sape, obi.
escape, inf. 213/175 -are

are, v. 3 pi. pres.

-appe
capare, obj. 110/172
gappe, obj. columbare, adj. sing. 220/352
happe, imper. 68/214 declare, 197/275
wrappe, imper. 68/215 fecundare, a. pi. 86/985
imper. mare, 0W. 86/984, 186/885
gappe, obj. 68/212 nare, v. 3 pi. pres. 136/888
wrappe, imper. 68/215 rare, a. pi. 5/99, 80/533, 84 /
wrappe, imper. 650, 220/355
gappe, obj. 68/2 1 2 rare, a. sing. 4/85, 98/1043
happe, imper. 68/214 164/20
 RYME INDEX. 269

repare, inf. 107/85 rare, adv.

spare, inf. 110/173, 197/278 spare, adv. 110/185
square, a. sing. 47/104 repare, inf. renew
(see repaire)
square, adv. 129/674 are, v. 3 pi. pres. 107/87
bare, adj. pare, inf. 80/532
declare, inf. 107/go stare, inf. 208/48
capare, obj. spare, inf.
are, v. 3 pi. pres. 110/170 are, v. 3 pi pres. 110/170, 197/
spare, imper. 110/173 277
care, oi/. capare, obj. 110/172
cynabare, oil. 211/u8 care, .obi. 42 /i 147
care, oil. declare, inf. 197/275
forfare, pp. 1 3 8/9 3 1
spare, adv.
spare, w/ 42/1148 rare, adv. 110/183
columbare, adj. sing. square, a. sing.

are, v. 3 pi. pres. 220/354. are, v. 3 pi. pres. 47/105

rare, adj. pi. 220/355 square, adv.
cynabare, oil. are, v. 3 pi. pres. 129/676
care, obj. 21 1/119 stare, inf.
declare, t!f. repare, inf. 208/49
are, v. 3 pi. pres. 197/277
bare, adj. 10 7/91 -ares (see -are is)
spare, iw/. 197/278 hares, nom.
fare, */. tares, obj. 62/36
chare, 0W. 159/42
tares, obj.
fecundare, a. pi. hares, nom. 62/38
are, v. 3 pi. pres. 86/982
mares, nom.
mare, obi.
86/984 *ware is, 28/756
pp.
forfare,
care, obi. 188/932 -are is (see -ares, -arys)
mare, 0J.
ware is
are, v. 3 pi pres. 86/982, 136/
mares, nom. 28/755
887
bare is
fecundare, a. pi. 86/985
nare, v. 3 pi. pres. 136/888 marys, obj. 182/779
nare, v. 3 pi. pres.
are, v. 3 pi. pres. 186/887
-arge
mare, obi. 186/885 charge, worn.
pare, inf. large, obi. 28/746
repare, inf. 80/531 charge, v. 1 sing. pres. 28/747
rare, a. pi. charge, obj.
are, v. 3 pi. pres. 5/ioi, 80/535, large, adj.pl. 120/442
84/651,220/354 charge, v. 1 a*^. j(?r<9s.
columbare, adj. sing. 220/352 charge, nom. 28/744
rare, a. sing. enlarge, v. 3 sing. pres. 6/138
are, v. 3 pi. pres. 4/87, 98/1042, large, <wfo. 6/135, 27/720
164/21 large, oil. 28/746
18
270 RYME INDEX.

charge, inf. seminary, obj.

large, adj.pl. 134/8 19 rosary, obj. 108/126
enlarge, imper. vary, inf.
large, a. sing. 40/rioo pampinary, a. pi. 65 /i 14
enlarge, v. 3 sing. pres. wary, *'/. 65/117
charge, v. 1
sing. pres. 6/137 wary, w/.
large, adv. 6/135 pampinary, ^Z. 65/114 .

large, adj. pi. vary, inf. 65/n6

charge, inf. 13 4/8 20
charge, obj. 120/444 -arys (*** -are is)
large, a. sing.
marys, obj.
enlarge, imper. 40/HO2 bare is, 132/781
large, adv.
charge, v. I sing. pres. 6/137, -ark (see -erk)
27/721
enlarge, v. 3 sing. pres. 6/138 kark, inf.
*werk, oil. 129/700
large, oil.
charge, nom. 28/744
-anne
charge, v. 1 sing. pres. 28/247
charme, obj.
-arie
harme, obj. 20/540
adversarie, nom. enarme, inf.
necessarie, a. sing. 20/527 harme, inf. 19/5 or
warie, imper. 20/530 warme, a. pi. 23/622
1
carie, inf. warme, inf. 19/499
necessarie, adj. sing. 159/49 harme, 3 subj. pres.
necessarie, a. sing. warme, a. pi. 45/41
adversarie, nom. 20/529 harme, inf.
carie, inf. 159/48 enarme, inf. 19/502
varie, v. 3 pi. pres. 14/353 warme, a. pi. 99/1063, 194/2 02
warie, imper. 20/530 warme, adj. sing. 93/897,
unnecessarie, adj. sing. 322
1
carie, inf. 143/88 warme, 'w/. 19/499
varie, v. 3 pi. pres. harme, 05;.
necessarie, a. sing. 14/351 charme, obj. 20/542
warie, imper. warme, a. pi. 96/981
adversarie, nom. 20/529 warme, a. sing. 13/344
necessarie, a. sing. 20/527 harme, v. 3 pi. pres.
warme, adj.pl. 121/470
-ary warme, a. pi,
pampinary, a. pi. enarme, inf. 23/623
vary, inf. 65/u6 harme, v. 3 pi. pres. 121/472
wary, inf. 65/117 harme, 3 subj. pres. 45/42
rosary, obj. harme, inf. 99/1064 194/203
seminary, obj. 108/125 harme, obj. 96/983

1
Miswritten in MS. caire.
 RYME INDEX. 271

warme, a. sing. faste, adv.

harme, inf. 93/899, 218/321 haste, w/. 85/686
harme, obj. 18/346 haste, inf.
warme, inf. faste, ^. 85/685
enarme, inf. 19/502 haste, v. 1 aw0r. jm.
harme, inf. 1 9/501 waste, inf. 140/3
'
laste, ^y.
-art (see -arte)
caste, imper. 164/12
part, obj. caste, *'/. 164/9
*departe, inf. 202/423 waste, inf.
haaste, inf. 91/843
-arte (see -art)
haste, v. 1 sing. pres. 140/i
departe, inf.
*part, obj. 202/421 -at (see -ate)

-arted ablaqueat, adj. pi.

*astate, obi. 151/59
coarted, pp.
darted, p. 101/1132
-ate (see -at and -atte)
departed, ^?/?. 161/1129
darted, pp. abate, inf.
coarted, |jp. 101/1131 desolate, inf. 44/4
1
departed, #?. 01/1129 teraporate, a. pi. 44/2
departed, ^?. adorate, adj. pi.
coarted,^. 101/1131 desicate, adj. sing. 11 0/179
darted, ^?. lOl/i 132 pastynate, adj.pl. 110/1.77
astate, nom.
moderate, a. sing. 98/1035
asse, oil. astate, oil.
nasse, v. 3 sing, past, 136/886 *ablaqueat, adj.pl. 15 1/5 7
brasse, a. sing. fortunate, v. 3 sing, imper. 7/i8o
passe, imper. 40/1095 temperate, a. pi. 7/177, 6 J V
nasse, v. 3 sing, past ate, prep, (see atte)
asse, oW. 186/884 temperate, adj.pl. 153/127
passe, imper. celebrate, /?/?.

brasse, a. sing. 40/1093 variate, adj. sing. 209/52

passe, inf. concavate, a. sing.

passe, obj. 205/5 oo dilate, inf. 70/254

passe, obj. revocate, a. sing. 70/256
passe, ew/. 205/498 desiccate, adj. sing.
adorate, adj.pl. 110/i8o
-aste (see -aaste)
pastynate, adj. pi. 110/177
caste, imper. desolate, inf.
caste, inf. 16 4/9 abate, inf. 44/5
laste, adv. 164/n temporate, a. pi. 44/2
caste, i/l dilate, inf.
caste, imper. 164/12 concavate, a. sing. 70/257
<&;.
laste, 164/n revocate,^. 70/256
272 RYME INDEX.

-ateth
emplastrate, adj. pi.
enoculate, inf. 144/131 abateth, 3 pi. pres.
v.

temperate, adj.pl. 144/129 hateth, v. 3 sing. pres. 23/6 1 8

enoculate, inf. prateth, v. 3 sing. pres. 28/620
emplastrate, adj. pi. 144/132 hateth, 3 pi. pres.
v.

temperate, adj.pl. 144; 129 abateth, v. 3 pi. pres. 23/62 1

estate, obj. prateth, v. 3 sing. pres. 23/620

refrigerate,^. 160/62 prateth, v. 3 sing. pres.
v. 3. sing,
fortunate, imper. abateth, v. 3 pi. pres. 23/62 1
astate, oil. 7/179 hateth, v. 3 sing. pres. 23/6 1 8
temperate, a. pi. 7/177
-athes (see -athe is)
inclinate, a. sing.
temperate, a. pi. 94/9 1 8 bathes, nom. pi.
inoculate, pp. scathe is, 40/no6, 41/ui6
mediate, adj. sing. 127/647
-athe is (see -athes)
mediate, adj. sing.
inoculate,^. 127/645 scathe is
moderate, a. sing. bathes, nom. pi. 40/no6, 41/
nom. 98/1036 1116.
astate,
pastynate, pp. at is (see attes)
adorate, adj.pl. 110/i8o
that is
desiccate,^. 110/179
gnattes, oil. 82/869
state, nom. 68/52
refrigerate, pp. -atte (see -ate)
estate, obj. 160/63
prep.
atte,
revocate, a. sing.
*temporate, adf.pl. 192/148
concavate, a. sing. 70/257
*temporate, a. sing. 45/29
dilate, inf. 70/254
state, nom. -attes
pastynate, a. pi. 68/50 cattes, nom.
temperate, adj. pi. gnattes, obj. 88/905
emplastrate, adj.pl. 144/132 rattes, obj. 88/907
enoculate, inf. 144/131 gnattes, obj.
temporate, a. pi. nom. 88/908
cattes,
abate, inf. 44/5 rattes, obj. 88/907
astate, obi. 61/3, 7/179 gnattes, obi.
ate, prep. 168/129 that is, 82/871
*atte, prep. 192/150 rattes, obj.
desolate, inf. 44/4 cattes, nom. 88/908
fortunate, v. 3 sing, imper. 7/i 80 gnattes, obj. 88/905
inclinate, a. sing. 94/920
-aunce (see -ance, annce)
temporate, a. sing.
*atte, prep. 45/3 1 abundaunce, obj.
variate, adj. sing. perchaunce, adv. 51/217
celebrate, pp. 209/5 o avaunce, inf.
violate, a. sing. gouernance, nom. 6/107
*ytake, pp. 108/1172 perchaunce, adv. 5/ 1 1 o
 RYME INDEX. 273

consideraunce, nom. haunte, inf.

gouvernance, oil. 2/i6 plesaunte, adj. pi. 134/828
plesaunce, oil. 2/i8 plaunte, inf.
fecundaunce, oil. ^denaunt, prep. 160/74
pleasaunce, oil. 134/836 *haunt, olj. 160/75
perchaunce, adv. plesaunte, adj. pi.
abundaunce, olj. 5 1/2 17 haunte, inf. 134/830
avaunce, inf. 6/109 plesaunte, a. sing.
gouvernance, nom. 6/107 chaunte, inf. 21/565
pleasaunce, oil. transversannte, a. pi. 21/564
consideraunce, nom. 2/19
fecundance, oil. 134/838 -aunted
gouvernance, oil. 2/i6
haunted, pp.
transplaunted, pp. 61/195
-aunge
transplaunted, pp.
chaunge, olj. haunted,^?. 51/196
straun ge, adj. pi. 129/688
straunge, adj. sing. 143/g8 -ave
chaunge, v. 3 pi. pres.
eschaunge, oil. cave, oil.
9/236
estraunge, a. sing. 9/235 have, inf. 147/194
eschaunge, oil. shave, imper. 147/195
chaunge, v. 3 pi. pres. 9/233 chave, imper. 2 sing.
estraunge, a. sing. 9/235 have, imper. 13/340
estraunge,a. sing. pave, imper. 13/341
clave, nom. sing.
chaunge, v. 3 pi. pres. 9/233
obi. have, inf. li 9/441
eschaunge, 9/236
clave, oil.
straunge, adj. sing.
crave, v. 3 pi. pres. 119/417
chaunge, olj. 122/690, 143/99
have, inf. 119/41 8, 119/430
-aunt crave, imper.
(see -aunte)
have, inf. 184/139
denaunt, prep.
crave, inf.
haunt, olj. 160/75
have, inf. 86/667
*plaunte, inf. 160/72
save, 3 pi. pres. 86/670
haunt, inf.
crave, v. 3 pi. pres.
plesaunt, adj. sing. 113/253
clave, oil. 119/415
haunt, olj.
have, inf. 91/854, 119/418
denaunt, prep. 160/74
have, imper.
*plaunte, inf. 160/72 chave, imper. 2 sing. 18/338
plesaunt, adj. sing.
pave, imper. 13/341
haunt, inf. 113/255 pave, inf. 166/176
have, inf.
-aunte (see -annte and -aunt) cave, oil. 147/192
chaunte, inf. clave, oil. 119/415, 119/428,
plesaunte, a. sing. 21/562 119/440
trans versannte, a. pi. 21/564 crave, imper. 184/140
274 RYME INDEX.

crave, inf. 86/669 waxe, inf.

crave, v. 3 pi. pres. 91/853, 119/ laxe, $ .
197/2 8 1

4'7
-e (see -ee and -ie)
save, inf. 100/io86
shave, imper. 147/195 be, imper.
have, v. 3 sing. pres. fle,Spl.pr. 201/397
save, imper. 118/395 three, 0$'. _pZ. 200/378

pave, imper. peretre, o5Z. 186/176

chave, Mnp0r. 2 sw#. 18/338 quantitee, wow. 192/157
have, imper. 18/340 quantitee, obi. 201/397
pave, inf. be, w/.
have, imper. 15 6/178 chiritree, obi. 102/1147
save, imper. bee, oJ;'. 39/1064
have, v. 3 sing. pres.
1
118/393 countree, obi. 79/512
save, wi/ . difficultee, oW. 150/25
have, inf. 100/io88 eternitee, obi. 86/721
save, v. 3 pi. pres. extremitee, obj. 119/436
crave, inf. 86/669 fecunditee, obi. 70/253
have, inf. 86/667 *fecunditie, nom. 11/282
shave, pp. 74/370 felicitee, oJ/. 207/5
shave, imper. feracitee, obi. 209/68
cave, oi/. 147/192 fertilitee, obj.11/284, 171/12
have, w/. 147/194 fig-tree, o#. 218/ 3 i 3
shave, pp. fle, inf. 34/929, 54/297
save, 0. 3 pi. pres. 74/371 free, #. sm^. 46/75
he, pron. 29/785
-aved hillaritee, oW. 186/852

graved, pp. humyditee, nom. 183/H2

libertee, oW. 130/724
saved, ^? 150/43
saved, pp. necessitee, obi. 49/134
graved, # .
150/45 povertee, oil. 188/37
puritee, obj. 201/405
pynappultree, oil. 98/1049
-awe
qualitee, oil. 88/628, 86/694,
drawe, inf.
188/40
lawe, oil.
166/68 quantitee, nom. sing. 168/117
withdrawe, pp. 166/65 se, imper. 39/1055, H^/3^ 2
lawe, obi.
162/rio, 199/333, 204/472
drawe, 166/67
tw/. se, inf. 9/226, 86/986, 69/235,
withdrawe, pp. 166/65 72/306, 88/627, 84/66i, 112/
withdrawe, pp. 243,119/438,171/9,186/173
drawe, inf. 166/67 se, v. 3 j9^. ^r5. 68/397
lawe, obi. 166/68 see, *w/. 104/u, 186/850
see, oil. 120 /
-axe 130/726, 168/114,
443, 184/145
laxe, adj. sing. she, pron. 26/695
waxe, solempnitee, oil. 207/2
inf. 197/283
 RYME INDEX. 275

stre, oil.
93/Sgo se, inf. 108/123, 198/313
112/223
stre, olj. se, v.Z sing. pres. 96/984, 189/52
summitee, oil. 112/240 see, inf. 146/178, 166/25
summyte, oil. 119/433 see, v. 2 sing. pres. 109/151
the, art. 181/741 the, r. 109/152
the, pron. 69/236 the, v. S pi. pres. 97/ioi2
the, inf. 111/21 6 three, a. pi. 72/324,
88/758,
thee, pron. 120/446 90/819, 153/io7
thre, adj. pi. 26/697, 46 /7 2 > tree, wow*. 96/956
109/143, 199/331 tree, oR 72/327, 86/711, 88/
three, num. 34/926, 186/170 760, 96/985, 97/ioi3, 108/
tre, num. adj. 142/72 113, 153/109
tree, nom. 68/394, 67/i8o, 209/ be, v. 3 j?J. pres.

65 Almandtree, olj. 212/156

tree, olj. 39/1052, 72/303, 104/ bee, nom. sing. 166/170
12, 189/62, 218/312 contumacitee, olj. 128/691
tree, oil. 68/391, 68/204, 69/ extremyte, oil. 216/243
220,78/488, 87/731,88/773, felicitee, oil. 124/555

92/876, 117/359, 121/484, fertilitee, nom. sing. 174/8 9

122/519, 150/26, 162/107, fertilitee, olj. 124/557

198/328 fertilitee, oil. 212/159
ubertee, oil. 64/104 firmitee, oil. 134/829
utilitee, nom. sing. 184/144, 78/ flee, v. 3 pi. pres. l74/8i
485 he, pron. 127/648, 195/221,
utilitee, oil. 131/738 195/228
virginitee, oil. 9/229 iniquitee, oil. 16 7/8 9
ye, pron. 51 1 1 go naturalitee, olj. 134/832
be, oil propretee, oil. 128/688
flee, inf. 146/i8o qualitee, oil. 129/68g
see, inf. 146/178 quan[t]itee, oil. 77/464
be, pp. rotunditee, oil. 13 8/803
see, ?. 3 sing. pres. 20/541 se, inf. 171/5, 104/5
the, j0ro. 20/544 se, v. I pi. pres. 82/865
be, sulj. see, imper. 149/ig
asperitee, oil. 86/712 see, inf. 129/692
figtree, oil. 204/490 see, oil. 149/10, 171/4
flee, imper. 6/150 see, v. 3. pi. pres. 174/88
frigiditee, worn. wy. 108/124 sle, inf. 32/863
he, pron. 126/6io slee, inf. 166/173
humyditee, oil. 96/957 solempnitee, olj. 104/2
kepe, imper. 188/123 stre, oil.121/491
lepe, v. 3. sing. pres. 183/I2I three, num. adj. 47/92, 149/i8,
libertee, o&/. 94/938
me, jprow. 76/393 tree, oil. 120/463, 126/631,
propurtee, 0J/. 166/23 127/649, 161/92, 195/219,
quantitee, olj. 116/325 195/226, 216/238, 216/240,
quantitee, oil. 198/312 220/357
276 RYME INDEX.

ubertee, 167/88 obj. be, v. 3 pi. pres. 127/646, 195/

ubertee, obi. 222, 195/229
174/79
we, pron. 164/ig be, v. 3 sing. pres. 11/280, 143/
ye, pron. 188/804, 164/i6 85,170/i68
be, v. 3 sing. pres. chiritree, obj. 194/2OI
Amynee, nom. 64/86 flee, inf. 33/qoi
bee, nom. sing. 218/317 see, obi. 188/113
bee, obj. 173/6o see, v. 2 sing. pres. 88/900
fecunditee, oil. 1 82/79 she, pron. 17 0/165
fertilitee, 06;. 18 2/8 2 the, pron. 1 70/163
fertilitee, oZ. 65/io6 tree, obi.
127/649, 195/219,
flee, inf. 146/176 195/226
he,jmw. 11/279, 143/84, 170/ maturite, obi.
1 66 *kepe, obj. 183/126
perytree, obj. 173/58 me, pron.
povertee, obj. 219/331 be, subj. 75/395
se, imper. 77/467, 208/460, forme, obj. 60/447
219/334 se, imper.
se, inf. 61/17, 218/320 be, f/ 39/1054, 117/36i, 162/
se, v. 1 sing. pres. 195/235 109, 199/334, 204/470
she, pron. 170/i6s be, v. 3 sing. pres. 77/466,
the, pron. 170/163 203/459, 219/333
thre, mm. #d;. 7/153 povertee, obj. 219/331
three, mm. adj. 6 4/8 9, 142/6$ quan[t]itee, obi.
77/464
tree, <%'. 182/92, 195/233 thre, num. 199/331
tree, obi. 78/351, 128/683, 147/ three, num. 196/251
196, 190/ 7 8, 203/457 tree, obj. 39/1052
cle, obi. tree, obi. 117/359, 162/107,
sle, inf. 109/i$5 203/457
extremyte, obi. se, inf.

be, v. 3 pi. pres. 215/242 be, inf. 9/228, 86/987, 69/233,

tree, obi. 215/240 72/305,88/625,84/659, 112/
fecundite, obi. 242, 119/439, 171/n, 185/
felicitee, nom. 188/933 172
be, subj. 108/I2I, 198/310
fle, inf.
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 104/4, l71 / 2
be, inf. 34/928, 54/295
be, v. 3 sing. pres.
61/15,218/319
tbree, obi. 34/926
bee, nom. sing. 218/317
fle, v. 3 pi. pres.
bee, obi. 146/164
be, imper. 201/396
extremitee, obj. 119/436
quantitee, obi. 201/394 17 1/ 12
fertilitee, obj.
forme, obj. flee, v. 3 pi. pres. 146/1 66
*me, pron. 60/448 frigiditee, nom. sing. 108/124
lie, pron. quantitee, nom. sing. 220/366
Alraauntree, obi. 194/2OO quantitee, oil. 88/628, 198/312
be, inf. 29/787 see, oil. 171/4
solempnitee, obj. 104/2
 RYME INDEX. 277

summitee, oil. he, pron. I70/i66

112/240
summyte, oil. 2 14/2 05 se, inf. 69/235
the, pron. 69/236 see, 0. 2 sing. pres. 1
09/151
thee, pron. 2 14/2 07 see, v. 3 sing. pres. 20/541
thre, adj. 185/iyo she, pron. 170/165
tree, oil. 220/369 the, inf.
tree, olj. 72/303 be, inf. 111/217
virginitee, oil. 9/229 the, v. 3 pi. pres.
se, v. 1 pi. pres. be, sulj. 97/iQio
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 32/866 tree, oil. 97/1013
sle, inf. 32/863 thre, www. ad)'.

se, v. 1 sing. pres. be, inf. 26/6 9 8, 46/74, 109/141,

be, e>. 3 sing. pres. 195/236 199/334
tree, oi;. 195/233 be, v. 3 sing.7/154
se, v. 3 ^?/. ^we*. free, a. sing.
46/75
be, w/. 58/396 se, imper. 199/333
tree, worn. 58/394 she, pron. 26/695
se, v. 2 *w0r. pr0*. tre, num. adj.
be, sulj. 96/982, 189/50 be, inf. 142/74
tree, oW. 96/985 we, ^roft.
she, pron. be, v. 3 pi pres. 164/i8
be, w/. 26/698 ye, pron. 164/i6
be, v. 3 pres. sing. 170/i68 ye, pron.
he, pron. I70/i66 be, inf. 51/192
the, pron. 1 70/163 be, v 3. pi. pres. 133/8oi, 164/
thre, www. adj. 26/697 18
sle, M&/". rotunditee, oil. 133/8 03
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 32/866 we, pron. 1 64/19
cle, obi. 109/157
se, 0. 1 pi. pres. 32/865 -eane (see -ene)
stre, olj.
be, w/.
demeane,
112/224
stre, oil. clene, a. pi. 55/323
be, */. 93/892
-eason (*** -eson)
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 121/493
summyte, oil.
reason, nom.
be 119/434
inf. season, oil. 10/258
se, inf.214/208 reason, obi.
thee, pron. 214/207 geson, adj.pl. 164/5
the, art. leson, inf. 71/292
be, 131/740 season, oil. 7 1/2 91
utilitee, oJ;, 131/738 season, nom. 164/2
the, pron. season, olj. 144/130
be, swi;. 109/149 season, nom. sing.
be, inf. 69/233 geson, adj. pi. 164/5
be, ^. 20/543 leson, inf. 71/292
be, v. 3 pres. sing. 170/i68 reason, 05. 164/4
278 RYME INDEX.

season, obj. techeth, v. 3 sing. pres.

reason, obi. 144/128 plecheth, v. 3 sing. pres.
73/330
season, oil.
appeson, inf. 120/448 -ecte
geson, adj. pi. 106/65
peson, nom.pl. 106/68 confecte, pp.
reason, nom. 10/259 dejecte, imper. 69/423
reason, obi. 71/289 correcte, inf.
enfecte, pp. 11/294, 176/139
-ebre dejecte, imper.
(see -ever)
confecte, pp. 59/421
elebre, nom.
directe, adv.
*iever, adj. 88/1046 enfecte, v. 3 pi. pres. 155/177
tecte, pp. 155/i8o
-eche directe, adj.

cleche, v. 3 pi. pres. enfecte, pp. 214/2o6

seche, inf. 145/156 enfecte, pp.
deche, inf. correcte, inf. 11/293, 17 6/140

eche, imp. 41/U22 directe, adj. 214/204

leche, inf. enfecte, v. 3 pi. pres.
41/1125
eche, imp. directe, adv. 155/179

deche, inf. 41/1124 tecte, pp. 155/i 80

leche, inf. 41/1125 tecte, pp.
leche, inf. directe, adv. 155/179
enfecte, v. 3 pi. pres. 155/177
deche, inf. 41/1124
eche, imp. 41/H22
leche, nom. sing. -ed (see -eed and -cede)
peche, obi. 211/127
led, pp.
peche, oil.
*heed, obi. 177/i66
leche, nom. sing. 211/129
v. 3 pi. pres. 76/418 *leede, obi. 177/i6 3
pleche,
reche, subj. 76/417
teche, v. 3 pi. pres. 216/248 -edde
pleche, v. 3 pi. pres. ledde, pp.
peche, obi.
76/415 spredde, pp. 68/2 1 1

reche, subj. 76/417

spredde, pp.
reche, subj.
ledde, pp. 68/213
peche, obi. 76/415
pleche, v. 3 pi. pres. 76/418
-ede (see -eed, -cede and -eete)
seche, inf.
cleche, v. 3 pi. pres. 145/158 brede, adj.
teche, v. 3 pi. pres.
lede, inf. 144/113
peche, obi.
216/246 brede, nom. sing.
sprede, pp. 1 7 7/ 1 8 1
-echeth
brede, obi.
plecheth, v. 3 sing. pres. drede, inf. 182/ioo
techeth, v. 3 sing. pres. 73/332 drede, nom. 68/210, 110/187
 RYME INDEX. 279

fede, imper. 21/556 excede, v. 3 sm^. pres.

lede, inf. 18/464 succede, v. sing. pres. 161/105
lede, 3 subj. pres. 155/189 fede, imper.
rede, a. pi. 18/467 brede, 0W. 21/554
seede, inf. 182/103 lede, inf. 217/285
sprede, inf. 40/1099, 110/i86 seede, e/. 217/284
brede, v. 3 pi. pres.
fede, inf.
dede, adj. 116/345 brede, v. 3. pi. pres. 116/347
fede, inf. 116/348 dede, adj. 116/345
dede, inf. lede, inf. 24/646, 27/716
lede, inf. 57/368 nede, oil. 27/718
rede, v. S pi. pres. 57/369 rede, a. pi. 24/649
dede, nom. sing. sede, inf. 181/77
fede, v. 3 sing. pres. 191/130 fede, . 3 wwy. _pre*.
*weete, adj. sing. 191/128 dede, worn. sing. 191/131
dede, obi.
*weete, adj. sing. 191/128
drede, obj. 11 1/2 07
hede, obj.
drede, obi. 34/935
drede, inf. 39/1074
lede, 3 subj. pres. 111/205
lede, inf.
trede, inf. 34/933
brede, 0W. 18/466, 144/nz
dede, pp.
dede, 57 /3 66
w/
brede, v. 3 pi. pres. 116/347
fede, inf.
fede, wwper. 217/282
116/348
dede, v. 3 sing. pres. fede, w/. 24/648, 27/719
lede, inf. 177/I 74 177/J75 ,
nede, oil. 179/ig
nede, oil. 27/718
sprede, inf. 179/16
rede, a. pi. 18/467, 24/649
drede, nom.
rede, v. 3 pi. pres. 57/369
brede, oil. 68/209, 110/184
seede, inf. 217/284
sprede, inf. 110/i86
weede, imper. 141/28 lede, 3swJ;'. pres.

dede, oW. Ill/2o8

drede, inf.
brede, oil. 182/ioz drede, obj. 111/207
brede, 0&Z. 155/i88
hede, obj. 39/1072
nede, adj. sing. 131/735 trede, inf. 182/99
sede, inf. 11/268 mede, 0W.
seede, inf. 182/103 sprede, imper. 18/325
spede, inf. 11/270 nede, ^'. ting.
wede, inf. 46/70 drede, tn/. 131/736
drede, obj. precede, imper. 30/8 1 8
dede, oW. 11 1/208 sprede, w/. 62/30
lede, 3 subj. pres. 111/205 weede, w/1 62/32
drede, oil. nede, oW.
dede, oW. 34/936 dede, v. 3 sing. pres. 179/iS
need, 3 my. 10/261 fede w/. 27/719
rede, v. 1 sing. pres.
107/95 lede, w/. 27/716
sede, m/. 10/263, 107/96 sprede, imper. 13/325, 40/1091
sprede, *w/l 96/987 sprede, w/. !79/i6
280 RYME INDEX.

precede, imper. wede, inf.

nede, a. sing. 30/8 19 drede, nom. 4 6/6 9
precede, v. 3 pi. pres. precede, v. 3 pi. pres. 81/563
wede, inf. 81/561
rede, a. pi.
-ede is (see -edes, -edys, -eedes,
brede, oil 18/466
-eed is, and -eedys)
fede, inf. 24/648
lede, inf. 18/464, 24/646 dede is,
rede, v. 1 s/wy. jp-m. need is, 53/271
drede, obi. 107/93 seedes, obj. 53/268
sede, w/. 107/96 seedys, nom. pi. 184/i6o
sprede, inf. 192/158 drede is,
weede, imper. 192/156 eedes, obi. 28/743
rede, v. 3 pi. pres. obi.
weedes, 46/76
dede, ew/". 57/366 nede is,
lede, V?/. 57/368 seedes, obj. 29/792
sede, w/.
spede 56/341, 70/250
is,
drede, inf. 11/271 stedes, oo/. 81/828, 56/338
drede, oW. 10/264, 107/93
stedys, obi. 70/247
fede, inf. 181/76 wede is, 81/830
heede, obj. 151/73 le is,
*need, sing. pres. 1 0/261 nede is, 56/340, 70/249
rede, v. 1 sing. pres. 107/95 stedes, oil. 56/338
spede, w/. 11/270 stedys, obi. 70/247
spede, en/". wede is,
drede, w/. 11/271 stedes, obi. 81/828
sede, *'/ nede is, 81/831
sprede, imper.
mede, oo7.
18/323
nede, 007.
40/1092 -edes (see ede is and cede is)
sprede, inf.
brede, nom. sing. !77/i82 redes, obi.
drede is, 28/745
brede, 0^.40/1098, 110/184
dede, v. 3 sing. pres. 179/i8 sedes, obj.
seede 51/213
drede, nom. 110/187 is,

drede, obi. 9 6/9 8 6 stedes, 007.

a. sing.
nede is, 81/831, 66/340
nede, 62/33
nede, obi. 179/ig spede is, 56/341
wede is, 81/830
rede, 0. 1 sing. pres. 192/159
weede, imper. 192/156
weede, inf. 62/32 -edeth (see -eedeth)
succede, ?. 3 smy. ^r^5.
excede, v. 3 sing. pres. 161/104 ledeth, v. 3 pi. pres.
trede, w/. proceedeth, v. 3 sing. pres. 121 /
dede, obi. 84/936 473
drede, 00^. 84/935 succedeth, v. 3 sing. pres. 121 /
lede, 3 subj.pres. 182/ioi 47 1
 RYME INDEX. 281

succedeth, v. 3 sing. pres. chiritree, olj.

ledeth, v. 3 pi. pres. 121/474 Almauntree, oil. 194/20O
proceedeth, v. 3 sing. pres. 121/ he, pron. 1 94/198
473 Chiritree, oil.
be, inf. 102/1148
tree, olj. 194/213
-edys (see -ede is) citurtree, oil.
felicitee, oil. 166/52
stedys, nom. pi.
nede is, 70/249 contumacitee, olj.
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 128/6oo
spede is, 76/250
propretee, oil. 128/688'
countree, oil.
-ee (see -e and -ie) be, inf. 79/514
densitee, 0J/.
Almandtree, olj. immensitee, nom. 66/357
be, v. S pi. pres. 212/158 densitee, 00^.
fertilitee, obi. 212/159 beautee, oil.
188/796
Almauntree, obi. see, w/. 133/797
chiritree, olj. 194/201 difficultee, oo.
1

he, pron. 194/198 be, m/ .

150/23
Amy nee, a. pi. tree, oil. 150/26
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 64/88 eternitee, oil.
three, num. adj. 64/89 be, ?/. 86/720
asperitee, oo/. eternytee, olj.
be, sulj. 86/709 fertilitee, oil. 121/475
tree, oo/. 86/711 extremitee, olj.
auctoritee, nom. be, ./. 119/439
jocunditee, obi. 101/ii2i se, inf. 119/438
beautee, obj. fecunditee, oil.
qualitee, obi. 133/786 be, inf. 70/255
beautee, obi. be, v. 3 sing. pres. 182/8i
densitee, obi. 188/794 fertilitee, oi/. 182/82
see, inf. felicitee, nom.
188/797
bee, nom. sing. fecundite, oil. 188/935
be, p. 3 pi. pres.166/172 felicitee, oil.
be, 0. 3 sing. pres. 218/319 be, inf. 207/4
se, *w/. 218/320 be, v. 3 pi. pres. 124/558
slee, inf. 166/173 citurtree, obi. 166/50
bee, obj. fertilitee, obj. 124/557
be, */. 39/1063 solempnitee, obi. 207/2
be, v. 3 sing. pres. l73/6i feracitee, obi.
perytree, <>/. 178/58 be, inf. 209/67
bee, oJ. tree, worn. sing. 209/65
flee, v. 3 pi. pres. 146/i66 fertilitee, 0i/.
se, inf. 146/167 be, inf. 171/1 1
chastitee, obi. be, v. 3 pi. pres. 124/558
tree, worn. 9/230 be, v. 3 sing. pres. 182/8 1
282 RYME INDEX.

*fecunditie, nom. 11/282 humyditee, obj.

fecunditee, oil. 182/79 be, inf. 183/iu
felicitee, obi. 124/555 humyditee, 0W.
se, inf. 171/9 be, swJ/. 95/954
fertilitee, nom. sing.
tree, wow. 95/956
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 174/86
3 pi. pres. 174/88 immensitee, nom.
see, v.
densitee, obj. 56/356
fertilitee, obj.
iniquitee, obi.
be, inf. 11/285
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 167/86
*fecunditie, worn. 11/282
ubertee, 0/. 167/88
fertilitee, obi.
Almandtree, obj. 212/156 jocunditee, obi.
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 212/158 auctoritee, nom. 101/1123
be, v. 3 sing. pres. 65/io8 libertee, obi.
eternytee, obj.121/476 be, swJ/. 94/937
utilitee, obi. 79/524 be, m/ 130/727
Fig- tree, obj. see, 007. 130/726
be, inf. 218/310 medietee, 00^.
tree, 218/312 subtiltee, oi;'. 197/290
figtree, obi. naturalitee, obj.
be, subj. 204/489 be, v. 3 pi. pres. 134/831
firmitee, obi. firmitee, obi. 134/829
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 134/831 necessitee, obi.
naturalitee, obj. 134/832
be, inf. 49/136
flee, imper.
peretree, obi.
be, v. 3 subj. 6/148
be, imper. 185/178
flee, inf.
perytree, 0J/.
be, oW. 146/i 8 1 17 3/6 1
be, .
swo/.
be, v. 3 sing. pres. 146/175
bee, obj. l73/6o
he, ^?r0ra. 33/898
povertee, obj.
see, Mff. 116/350, 146/178
2 sing. pres. 33/900 be, imper. 219/333
see, v.
3 pi. pres. se, imper. 219/334
flee, v.
bee, oW. 146/164 povertee, o07.
be, v. 3. pi. pres. be, inf. 188/39
174/82
se, inf.146/167 qualitee, 00^. 188/40
ubertee, 00^. 174/79 propretee, obi.
free, #. a*M0r. be, v. 3 pi. pres. 128/690

be, inf. 46/74 contumacitee, oi/. 128/691

thre, mm. #4/- 46/72 propurtee, oil.

frigiditee, nom. sing. be, swi/. 165/26

be, subj. 108/121 see, inf. 165/25
se, en/. 108/123 puritee, obj.
hillaritee, obi. be, ew/. 201/406
be, n/ 135/853 pynappultree, obi.
se, inf. 135/850 be, ^/ 98/i 050
 RYME INDEX. 283

qualitee, oil. see, obi.

beautee, 188/788
obj. be, inf. 120/445, 180/727, 168/
be, inf. 86/696, 188/39 116, 184/142
be, v. pi. pres. 129/691 be, v. 3 pi. pres. 149/8, 171/2
povertee, obi. 188/37 he, pron. 188/115
see, inf. 129/692 libertee, obi. 180/724
quantitee, nom. sing. quantitee, nom. sing. 168/117
be, inf. 168/n6 se, inf. mis
be, imper. 192/155 see, inf. 159/24
se, inf. 220/368 thee,jwwi. 120/446
See, obi 168/114 three, adj.pl. 158/132
three, num. adj. 116/333 utilitee, obj. 184/144
tree, nom. 79/5 1 8 see, imper.
tree, obi. 220/369, 116/331 be, subj. 109/149
he, pron. 88/898
quantitee, obj.
be, inf. 88/625 flee, inf. 88/901
be, subj. 115/323, 198/3 1 o the, pron. 109/152
see, v. 3 pi. pres.
se, inf. 88/627
obi.
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 174/86
quantitee,
fertilitee, nom. sing. 174/8 9
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 77/4-66
see, v. 3 sing. pres. subj.
fle, v. 3 pi pres. 201/397
be,#p. 20/543
se, inf. 198/313
the, pron. 20/544
se, imper. 77 / 467
slee, inf.
be, imper. 201/396
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 155/172
rotunditee, obi.
bee, nom. sing. 155/170
be, v. pi. pres. 133/8oi
solempnitee, oJ/.
ye, pron. 188/804
be, v. 3 pres. pi. 104/4
see,imper.
se, inf. 104/5
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 149/i6
solempnitee, o#/.
the, pron. 109/152
three, num.
be, inf. 207/4
adj. 149/1 8
felicitee, oW. 207/5
see, inf.-
obi.
subtiltee, obj.
beautee, 188/796
medietee, oil. 197/288
be, inf. 104/9, 135/8 53
be, obi. 146/1 8 1 summitee, obi.
be, w/. 112/242
be, subj. 165/26
se, inf. 112/243
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 129/691
densitee, obi. 188/794 thee, jmw.
flee, inf. 116/349, 146/i8o be, inf. 120/445
hillaritee, obi. 185/852 se, Ntf. 214/2o8

propurtee, obi. 165/2$ see, oil. 126/443

qualitee, oil. 129/6 8 9 summyte, obi. 2 14/2 05

see, obi. 159/22 num. adj.
three,
Amynee, a.pi. 64/86
tree, obj. 104/12
tree, obi. 12 6/6 15 be, imper. 200/377
284 RYME INDEX.

be, subj. 72/326, 88/761, 90/ be, subj. 72/326, 86/709, 88/
818, 153/uo 761, 96/982, 97/ioiQ, 108/
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 47/94, 64/88, 115, 153/uo
67/179 be, v. 3 pi. pres. 120/465, 126/
be, v. 3 sing. pres. 142/67 633, 127/646, 161/ 9 4, 195/
quantitee, nom. sing. 116/334
se, imper. 196/252
222, 195/229, 2
242
W
2 37> 215/

see, oil. 153/133 be, v. 3 sing. pres. 73/353, 128/

tree, nom. 67/i8o 684, 147/197, 190/8o, 203/
tree, oil. 72/327, 88/760, 116/ 459
331, 153/109, 177/164 difficultee, oil. 150/25
extremyte, oil.215/243
three, oil.
be inf. 34/ 9 28 he, pron. 127/648, 195/228,
fle, inf. 34/929 195/221
three (3) quantitee, nom. sing. 116/334,
be, 3 pi. pres. 149/i6 220/367
be, inf. 185/172 se, imper. 96/984, 117/362,
se, inf. 185/173 203/460, 162/no
see, imper. 149/19
se, inf. 220/368
tree, nom.
see, inf. 126/6i6
the, v. 3 pi. pres. 97/ioi2
be, inf. 58/ 39 6, 209/6 7 num.
three, 72/324, 88/758,
adj.
be, subj. 95/954
116/333, 153/107, 177/162
chastitee, oil. 9/231
unytee, obi. 128/68 1
feracitee, oil. 209/68
utilitee, nom. 78/485
humyditee, oi. 95/957
ubertee, olj.
quantitee, worn. 79/517
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 167/86
se, v. 3 pi. pres. 58/397
iniquitee, obi. 167/8 9
tree, oJ;.
ubertee, obi.
be, /. 39/1054, 72/305, 104/9,
be, v. 3 pi. pres. 174/82
218/310 flee, v. 3 pi. pres. 174/8i
be, v. 3 sing. pres. 182/94, 195/
be, inf. 64/105
236 oil.
unytee,
Chiritree, oil. 194/2U be, v. 3 pres. sing. 128/684
Fig-tree, 218/313
olj.
tree, oil. 128/683
se, imper. 39/1055 nom.
utilitee,
se, inf. 72/306
v. 1 sing. pres. 195/235
be, inf. 78/487, 184/142
se,
tree, oil. 78/488
i
see, inf. 104/i
utilitee, oil.
tree, oil. be, inf. 131/740
asperitee, oil. 86/712 fertilitee, oil.
1
79/525
be, inf. 58/ 39 2, 68/206, 69/2 8, see, oil. 184/145
78/ 4 8 7 , 87/ 7 2 9 , 88/771, 92/ the art. 131/741
878, 117/361, 121/486, 122/ virginitee, oil.
521, 150/23, 162/109, 189/ be, inf. 9/228
63, 198/329 se, inf. 9/226
 RYME INDEX. 285

-eed (see -ed, -ede, and -cede) weede, inf.

nede, a. sing.
62/33
heed, adj. sing. sprede, inf. 62/30
leed, oil. 116/337
heed, oil.
-eede is (see -edes)
*led,#p. 177/165
seede is
*leede, oil. !77/i6 3
leed, oil. sedes, nom. pi. 51/2ii
heed, adj. sing. 116/339
need, nom. -cedes (*** -ede is and -eed is)
*drede, oil. 10/264
*sede, inf. 10/263 seedes, nom. pi.
dede is, 53/270
reed, nom.
need is, 53/271
speed, worn. 86/691
weedes wow. jt?.
threed, 0JJ. 85/690
drede is, 46/77
speed, worn.
*seede, oJZ. 96/988
speed, nom. -eedeth (see -edeth)
reed, worn. 85/688
proceedeth, v. 3 sing. pre&.
threed, oil. 85/690
ledeth, v. 3 pi. pres. 121/474
threed, 0J.
reed, nom. 85/688
succedeth, v. 3 sing. pres. 12 1/

speed, worn. 85/691 47 1

-eed is (see -ede is, -cedes, and

-eede (*** -ed, -ede, and -eed) -eedys)
need is
heede, olj. dede is, 53/270
sede, 151/yi
w/. seedes, nom. pi. 53/268
heede, oil.
seedy s, olj. 151/70
reede, o^. 111/197
leede, oil.
-eedys (*** -ede is and -eed is)
*heed, 0SJ.
177/i66
*led,^. 177/165
reede, oW. dede is, 184/i6i
heede, 0J. 11 1/199 need is, 15 1/69
seede, m/.
brede, oil. 182/ioz -eef (see -eefe and -ief )
drede, m/. 182/ioo
fede, imper. 217/282 breef, adj. sing.
lede, inf. 217/285 leef, adj. sing. 129/687
seede, 05Z. leef, adj. sing.
*speed, nom. 96/990 breef, adj. sing. 129/686
weede, imper. preef, oil.
drede, nom. sing. 141/29 bonchief, oil. 5/115
rede, 0. 1
sing.pres. 192/159 bonechief, oil. 69/228
sprede, inf. 192/158 *breefe, adv. 69/226
19
286 RYME INDEX.

-eefe (see -eef and -ief) seen, jpjt?.

eighteen, 0$'. pi. 48/i 14

breefe, adv. *seventene (xvn ne ), a. pi. 48/i 1
7
*bonechief, oil.69/228
*preef, obi. 69/229 -eene (see -ene)

demeene, oi/.
-eek (see -eke)
lene, a. sing. 68/58
eek, conj. sustene, inf. 63/6i
greek, nom. sing. 181/71 greene, a. jt?.
leek, nom. 14 8/102 bydene, adv. 8/184
greek, nom. sing. clene, <wfo. 68/388
eek, conj. 181/73 sustene, inf. 8/186
*eke, conj. 101/1141 leene, a. pi.
leek, nom. clene, atfc.
46/54
eek, conj. 143/ioo serene, a. pi. 46/53
meek, adj. pi. leene, a. sing.
seek, inf. 129/697 atwene, prep. 68/203
seek, adj. pi. clene, adv. 64/82
*seke, inf. 216/230 lene, a<fo. 48/123
seek, inf. meene, a. sing. 64/8 1
meek, adj.pl. 129/695 meene, obj. 48/124
speek, inf. meene, 0. sing.
*breke, inf. 126/627 clene, acfo. 64/82
*steke, pp. 126/625 leene, a. sing. 64/79
meene, 0J/.

-eeke leene, a. sing. 48/I2I

(** -eke)
lene, adv. 48/123
greeke, olj.
eke, acfo. 199/346 -eep (aw -epe)

creep, inf.
-eel (see -eU) fl^y.
deep, 87/727
eel, oi/. keep, t/ 127/652
weel, adv. 17/436 creep, v. 3 pi. pres.
*well, rfy. 17/439 deep, 47/86
.
pi.
weel, adv. deep, sm^. 11 1/191
<^'.

eel, oi/. 17/438 *kepe, imper. 47/88

*well, adv. 17/439 *kepe, inf. 111/194
deep, adj.pl.
-een -eene and -en) *bywepe, inf. 16/425
(see
creep, v. 3 pi. pres.
at ween, adv. *kepe, inf. 16/424
*clene, adv. 64/289 *kepe, imper. 47/88
ne
*fiftene (xv ), adj.pl. 64/292 deep, adj. sing.
fleen, worn. pi. creep, v. 3 pi. pres. 111/193
*men, nom.pl. 34/914 *kepe, inf. 11 1/ 194
*slen, inf.34/912 steep, adj.pl. 133/8oo
 RYME INDEX. 287

deep, adv. Janyveer, obi.

creep, inf. 87/728 *clere, a. pi. 56/335

*crepe, v. 3 pi. pres. 109/158 Feveryeer, obi.
185/175, 215/
*kepe, inf. 109/156
95/ 973 ,
220
steep, v. 3 sing. pres. 121/478 *Feveryere, oil.
50/178
weep, inf. 121/481 heer, adv. 105/49
deep, imper. weer, v. 3 past sing. 210/87
steep, inf. 117/378 Octobeer, oil.

imper. heer, adv. 1

86/21 6
weep, v. 3 pi. pres. 188/938 populeer, oi.
keep, inf. cheer, oil. 195/227
creep, inf. 127/654 weer, v. 3 j9#s OTWJT.
steep, adj.pl. Janyveer, 0J. 210/85
deep, adf.pl. 133/8oz
steep, imper. -ees (see -ese)
*kepe, imper. 90/8 12
doutelees, adv.
steep, inf.
*encrese, inf. 155/169
deep, imper. 117/377
thees, pron.
steep, v. 3 sw^r. j?r<9s.
*lese, MI/". 35/948
deep, adv. 121/480
weep, inf. 121/481
-eese (see -ese)
weep, inf.
deep, adv. 121/480 ceese, w/.
steep, v. 3 sing.pres. 121/478 encrese, nom. sing. 143/gi
weep, v. 3 pi. pres.

keep, imper. 188/939 -eest (*^ -est and -este)

beest, oil.
-eepe (see -epe) *enfeste, v. 3 sing. pres. 88/891

keepe, v. 3 pi. pres. *kest, v. 2 sing. pres. 88/894

shepe, obj. 167/99 feest, oil.

steepe, inf. leest, adj. pi. 146/190

crepe, v. 3 pi. pres. 66/343 leest, adj.pl.
feest, oW. 146/189

-eepeth (see -epeth)

-eeste (^ -este)
keepeth, 3 sing. pres.
hepeth, imper. 105/34 beeste, nom. sing.
*meste, adf.pl. 187/898
-eer (see -ere)
-eestes (see -estes, -eest is, and
cheer, -obi.
-est is).
populeer, obi. 195/225
Feveryeer, obi. beestes, oJ;*.

Janyveer, obi. 185/174, 2 15/21 8 *drestes, oW. 85/944

heer, adv. feest is, 62/39
obi. honest is, 43/i 165
Janyveer, 105/48
*kest is, 62/40
Octobeer, obi. 1*6/21 8
288 RYME INDEX.

-eestis (see -eestes, -estes, and heet, oil.

-est is) greet, adj.pl. 160/27
feest is, meet, oJ;.

beestes, olj. 62/37 greet, $". w'w^. 166/48

*bestes, 18/485
olj. surtreet, imper.
*kest is, 62/40 greet, $'. pi. 120/459
unleest is, 18/487 *Bete,jp. 120/457
leest is, sweet, tfdf/. j9/.
*bestes, oil. 20/519 *meete, <//'. sm^. 198/31 8
unleest is, sweet, inf.
*bestes, olj. 18/485 greet, pi. 61/i6
.

leest is, 18/488 *mete, imper. 61/19

weet, adj.pl.
-eet (see -eete and -ete)
geet, f/. 142/57
geet, inf.
greet, adj.pl. 85/68i, 165/36 -eete (s^ -ede, -eet, and -ete)
greet, inf. 86/683
weet, adj.pl. 142/56 greete, adj. pi.
geet, nom. sing. eete,pp. 128/553
*gete, inf. 129/678 gete, inf. 69/425
greet, adj. 129/675 heete, inf. 44/6
greet, adj. pi. swete, m/. 59/424
geet, inf. 166/38, 86/684 wete, imper. 212/146
*gete, v. 3 pi. pres. 134/837 eete, $p.
greet, inf. 86/683, 120/454 greete, adj. pi. 128/552
heet, oil. 150/28 heete, inf.
*mete, imper. 6 1/ 19 greete, a. pi. 44/7
*mete, oil. 183/128 heete, oil.
*sete, pp. 120/457 gete, inf. 124/581
surtreet, imper.120/460 swete, inf. 15 6/201
sweet, inf. 61/i8 trete, inf. 15 6/200
*trete, inf. 199/350 meete, olj.
*weete, a. pi. 68/73 ete, 0. 3 pi. pres. 99/1077
*ygete, pp. 188/131 meete, #rf;. smy.
greet, adj. sing. *sweet, adj. pi. 198/31 6
meet, olj. 166/49 sweete, adj. sing. 197/295
greet, adv. swete, adj. sing. 199/335
geet, nom. sing. 129/677 meete, adj.pl.
*gete, imper. 186/873 swete, adj.pl. 172/43
*gete, inf. 129/678 seete, adj.pl.
*hete, oil. 93/915 unsweete, adj. sing. 174/84
*trete, inf. 186/874, 218/185 sweete, adj. sing.
*trete, v. 3 sing. pres. 98/914 meete, adj. sing. 197/297
greet, inf. sete, a. sing. 59/420
geet, inf. 86/684 wete, v. 3 pi. pres. 121/479
greet, adj. pi. 86/683 120 / sweete, inf.
455 swete, a. pi. 66/315
 RYME INDEX. 289

unsweete, adj. sing. cley, oil.

seete, adj.pl. 174/83 ley, */ 89/802, 92/889
weete, adj. pi. they, pron. 89/803
'

bete, v. 3 sing. pres. 210/ioi gey, in/

*greet, a. pi. 68/71 obey, inf. 188/47
weete, adj. sing. they, ^?r0w. 188/44
*dede, nom. sing. 191/131 ley, inf.
*fede, v. 3 sing. pres. 191/130 cley, oW. 89/8oo, 92/888
mete, a. sing. 49/158 they, pron. 19/803
mete, inf. 49/159 obey, inf.
weete, inf. gey, inf. 188/46
*lete, inf. 81/577 they, pron. 188/44
sey, inf.
-eeth cley, a. 97/1003
beeth, 3 pi. pres.
v. they, ^rtw. 9 7/1005
deeth, v. 3 pi. pres. 120/464 tbey, ^nw.
seeth, v. 3.
sing. pres. cley, oJ/. 89/8oo
126/467
cley, a. sing. 97/1003
gey, inf. 1
-eett (see -ette) 88/46
ley, w/. 8 9/8 02
greett, adj.
obey, inf. 188/47
*sette, pp. 115/209
sey, inf. 9 7/ 1006
twey, a. pi.
-efte (see -afte)
thai, pron. 50/171
efte, adv.
lefte, pp. 18/483, 142/52, 142/ -eye (M* -ie)
deye, 3 ^>Z. ^>m.
lefte, pp. trie,3 pi. pres. 84/639
*crafte, obj. 75/401 multiplie, $'/. 84/641
efte, adv. 18/482, 142/52, 142/ eye, nom.
55 crie, sw#/. 154/156
*shafte, obj. 75/404 drie, a. 154/158
plie,imper. 104/i8
-egges wrie, imper. 104/19
dregges, obj. eye, obj.
legges, oil 88/759 die, inf.22/6oo
legges, oil. 149/13
drie, adj. sing.
dregges, obj. 88/757 maladie, nom. 22/599
multiplie, t/ 80/543, 127/650
-eght (see -est) trie, inf. 80/544
streght, adj. sing. theye, oil. (the eye)
*brest, nom. sing. 1 29/68 1 caprifie, inf. 161/86
pie, 3 pi. pres. 16 1/8 9
-ey (see -ai)
-eight
cley, a. sing.
they, pron. 97/1005 weight, obj.
sey, inf. 97/ioo6 *dight, pp. 41/1123
290 RYME INDEX.

-eine, -eyrie (see -ayne) -eire (see -ayer, -aire, -eir, and
-iere)
ayeine, adv.
greyne, obj. 179/7 appeire, inf.
reyne, obi. 77/442 *feir, 0. ;pJ. 62/42
bareyne, a. sing. eire, obi.

tweyne, a. pi.
167/83 *dispaire, obi. 39/1071
bareyne, a. pi. leire, obi. 3/52
refreyne, imper. 22/581 feire, .
^?/.

byspreyne, inf. *ayer, nom. 86/702

tweyne, num. a. 10 6/6 9 leire, worn. 86/704
compleyne, 3 pi. pres. peire, inf. 180/28
tweyne, a. pi. 73/337 feire, adv.
*ayer, 057. 114/298
distreyne, inf.
engreyne, imper. 16/418 *dispiere, inf. 86/719
greyne, obi. 16/417 leire, worn.*w^. 114/299
greyne, obj. peire, obj. 95/963
ayeine, adv. 179/6 peire, inf. 95/964
greyne, obi. repeire, w/. 86/718
distreyne, inf. 16/415 leire, worn.

engreyne, imper. 16/418 *ayer, worn. 86/702

refreyne, imper. *ayer, 05/. 114/298
bareyne, a. pi. 22/580 feire, #. pi. 86/705
feire, otft;.
reyne, subj. 114/296
spreyne, subj. 192/i6i leire, obi.
reyne, obi. eire, 05/. 8/50
ayeine, adv. 77/444 peire, inf.
spreyne, subj. feire, adj.pl. 180/27
reyne, subj. 192/i6o feire, #cfo. 95/9 6 1
streyne, inf. peire, 05;'. 95/963
treyne, subj. 70/271 peire, 05;.
tweyne, num. a. feire, tfefo. 9 5/961
70/270
treyne, subj. peire, *w/. 95/964
streyne, inf. 70/268 repeire, mf.
tweyne, a. pi. 70/270 *dispiere, wi/l 86/719
tweyne, a. pi. feire, a^y. 86/716
bareyne, a. sing. 167/84
byspreyne, inf. 106/70 -eyve
compleyne, 3 pi. pres. 73/339
streyne, inf. 70/268 conceyve, '/.
treyne, subj. 70/271 deceyve, w*/.,99/io68
veyne, nom. receyve, sw5/. 99/1069
*complayne, inf. 17 6/112 deceyve, w/.
conceyve, w/. 99/io66
-eir receyve, w5;'. 99/1069
(M* -eire)
receyve, w5;'.
feir, adj. pi. conceyve, m/l 99/io66
*appeire, inf. 62/41 deceyve, w/. 9 9/ 1068
 RYME INDEX. 291

-eiveth, -eyveth seke, inf.

cheke, oil. 193/i8o
conceyveth, 3 pi. pres.
v.
*seek, adj.pl. 216/231
deceiveth, v. 3 pi. pres. 186/845 seke, v. 3 sing. pres. 193/179
weyveth, v. 3 sing. pres. 135/846 seke, v. 3 pi. pres.
deceiveth, v. 3 pi. pres. eke, conj. 8/191
conceyveth, v. 3 pi. pres. 135/ reke, inf. 8/194
843 seke, v. 3 sm^. jm.
weyveth, v. 3 sing. pres. 186/846 cheke, oil 193/i8o
weyveth, v. 3 sing. pres. seke, inf. 193/177
conceyveth, v. 3 pi. pres. 136/ smeke, nom. sing.
843 reke, v. 3 sing. pres. 1
60/70
deceiveth, v. 3 pi. pres. 186/845 speke, tn/
breke, inf. 27/735
-ek steke, jpjp.
(see eke)
breke, inf. 126/627, 160/30
Greek, nom. leke, inf. 150/ 33
*eke, conj. 101/1141 *speek, in/ 126/628

-el (see -ele)

-eke (see -eek, -eeke, and -ike)
aisel, 05?.
breke, inf. *dele, nom. sing. 206/516
1
leke, inf. 60/33 vessel, 05?. 169/145
*speek, inf. 126/628 wel, adv. 169/142, 206/515,
speke, inf. 27/734 2H/I33
steke, #p. 126/625, 150/32 gravel, oil.
cheke, oil.
wel, adv. 14/378
seke, inf. 193/177 vessel, oil.
seke, v. 3 ty. swi/. 193/179 aisel, 05?. 169/144
eke, conj. wel, adv. 169/142
*Greek, nom. 101/1140 wel, adv.
greeke, obj. 199/344 aisel, 05?. 169/144, 205/513,
meke, adj.pl. 214/192 211/132
reke, inf. 8/194 *dele, nom. sing. 206/516
seke, v. 3 pi. pres. 8/193 gravel, 05?. 14/377
leke, inf. vessel, o5?. 169/145
breke, inf. 160/30
steke, pp. 150/32 -eld (see -elde)
meke, adj.pl.
yeld, pp.
eke, cow;. 214/190
*felde, wow. n0r. 207/is
reke, ew/.
eke, conj. 8/191 -elde (866 -eld)
seke, v. 3 pi. pres. 8/193
reke, v. 3 swy. j9r^. felde, nom. sing.
smeke, nom. sing. 160/69 *yeld,#p. 207/17
seke, $'. sing. felde, 05;.

*pike, t'/. 137/907 foryelde, in/ 12/3"

292 RYME INDEX.

foryelde, inf. -elf (see -elve)

felde, obj. 12/309
pron.
self,

*overwhelve, inf. 7/i6i

elde is (see -eldys).

yelde is,
-ell (*** -eel)
feldys, obi. 9/217
Averell, oil.
-eldys (see -elde is) well, <wfo>. 140/6
catell, oil.
feldys, obi. <wfo.
well, 36/994
yelde is, 9/2 61
everidell, adv.
well, arfw.
88/617
-eldron (see -ildren) fenestell, oo7.
0<&>.
eldron, nom. well, 20/546
children, oil. vessell, oil.
26/713
eldron, oil. well, <&;. 121/490

children, nom. 6/126 well, adv.

Averell, 007. 140/8
catell, oil. 36/993
-ele (see -el)
*eel, pjy. 17/438
congele, imper. everidell, adv. 83/619
hele, inf. 1 37/918 fenestell, oiZ.
20/545
dele, inf.
vessell, oil.
121/489
fele, adj. pi. 201/393 *weel, adv. 17/436
mele, adv. 66/148
dele, nom. sing.
-elle
*aisel, oil. 205/5 r
3
*wel, d^y. 205/515 awelle, oil.
fele, adj. pi. dwelle, v. S pi. pres. 86/698
dele, */ 201/395 felle, a. pi. 86/697
fele, adv. belle, olj.
stele, oJ/. 209/77 dwelle, inf. 82/599
hele, 2^/1 swelle, inf. 82/597
congele, imper. 137/917 Columelle, nom.
mele, <wfo. dwelle, Vw/. 88/624, 84/664,
dele, m/. 66/150 189/ 7 3
stele, obj. dwelle, v. S pi. pres. 108/1 06
fele, $'. 209/76 quelle, w/. 100/iogo
selle,imper. 100/1089
-ele is (see -eles) sheUe, oW. 24/645
hele smelle, inf. 58/402
is,
telle, inf. 111/209, 179/14
sceles, olj. 32/8 8 1
?. 3 sing. pres. 72/3 1 8
telle,
dwelle, inf.
-eles (see -ele is)
belle, oJ/. 82/6oo
sceles, ooy. Columelle, nom. 88/626, 84/665,
hele is, 32/882 189/71
 RYME INDEX. 293

melle, imper. 92/866 smelle, inf.

propelle, imper. 88/1034 Columelle, nom. 58/400
quelle, imper. 92/865 dwelle, inf. 210/82
selle, imper. 90/824 oxymelle, o5/.
218/167
smelle, inf. 210/8i swelle, inf. 110/i88
swelle, inf. 82/597, 152/82 telle, v. 3 pi. pres. 210/79
telle, inf. 9/232, 68/69, 87/724, smelle, v. 3 sing. pres.
152/ 7 9 rodomelle, olj. 156/217
telle, v. 3 pi. pres. 210/79 swelle, inf.
welle, nom. 88/1031 belle, 0J;. 82/6oo
welle, obi. 90/821 dwelle, inf. 82/599, 152/8 1
dwelle, v. 3 pi. pres. smelle, inf. 110/189
awelle, oil. 86/695 telle, inf. 152/7 9
Columelle, nom. 108/1 08 telle, inf.
felle, a. pi. 86/697 Columelle, nom. 1 1 1/2 1 o, 179/r 3
quelle, inf. 12/304 dwelle, inf. 9/234, 68/70, 87/
telle, inf. 146/179 722, 152/8i
felle, a. pi. dwelle, v. 3 pi. pres. 146/177
awelle, oil. 86/695 swelle, wi/. 152/82
dwelle, v. 3 pi. pres. 86/698 welle, nom. 17/440
melle, imper. telle, v. 3 pi. pres.
dwelle, inf. 92/863 dwelle, inf. 210/82
quelle, imper. 92/865 quelle, w/. 46/56
oxymelle, oi/. smelle, inf. 210/8i
smelle, m/. 21 8/168 telle, v.3 my. j0m.
propelle, imper. Columelle, worn. 72/3 1 6
dwelle, inf. 88/1033 welle, worn.
welle, nom. 88/1031 dwelle, */. 88/1033
quelle, inf. propelle, imper. 88/1034
Columelle, nom. 100/1087 telle, inf. 17/441
dwelle, inf. 12/302 welle, oil.
selle, imper. 160/1089 dwelle, inf. 90/823
telle, v. 3 pi. pres. 46/55 selle, imper. 96/824

quelle, imper. shelle, oil. 146/163

dwelle, */. 92/863
-elles (see -ell is)
melle, imper. 92/866
rodomelle, o#;. celles, olj.
smelle, v. 3 sing. pres. 15 6/21 6 elles, adv. 196/268
selle, imper. hell is, 196/271
dwelle, inf. 90/823 elles, adv.
welle, oil. 90/821 celles, 0J/. 196/270
selle, j^. hell is, 196/271
Columelle, nom. 100/1087
-ell is (see -elles)
quelle, wa/. 1 00/1090
shelle, oil. hell is
Columelle, nom. 24/647 celles, olj. 196/270
weUe, oil. 146/i65 elles, adv. 196/268
294 RYME INDEX.

-elve (see -elf) umbydelve, w/.

selve, j^row. 94/931
delve, imper. whelve, 'w/.

overwhelve, inf. 29/781 delve, w/ 175/120

selve, pron. 29/782, 30/8 10, 49/
148, 79/498, 217/291 -em
shelve, 3 sing. sulj. 217/289
hem,
twelve, adj. pi. 36/809 .
26/683, 26/684
delve, inf.
whelve, inf. 175/122 -erne
delve, v. 1 sing. pres.
himselve, pron. $0/175 deme, imper.
selve, pron. 82/582 yeme, inf. 4/84
delve, v. 2 sing. pres. deme, inf.
selve, pron. 8/64, 66/137 diademe, nom. sing. 168/149
twelve, adj.pl. 66/135 extreme, adj. sing. 168/152
himselve, |w<w. yeme, inf. 168/154
delve, v. 1 sing. pres. 60/174 yeme, obj. 173/69
umbidelve, imper. 116/324, 115/ diademe, nom. sing.
327
deme, inf. 168/151
overwhelve, w/. extreme, adj. sing. 168/152
delve, imper. 29/779 yeme, inf. 168/154
*self, jorow. 7/i 60 extreme, adj. sing.
selve, ^row. 29/782 deme, inf. 168/151
twelve, $'. j9/. 48/i 1 1 diademe, nom. sing. 168/149
selve, ^r0. yeme, inf. 168/154
delve, wi/".30/807, 217/292 yeme, inf.
delve, empir. 29/779, 49/150, deme, imper. 4/83
79/500 deme, inf. 168/151
delve, v. 1 j?r*. smy. 82/584 diademe, nom. 168/149
delve, v. 2 my. pres. 3/66, 66/ extreme, adj. sing. 168/152
138 yeme, obj.
overwhelve, inf. 29/781 deme, inf. 17 8/70
shelve, 3 sing. pres. 217/289
-en (see een)
twelve, $'. _pj. 30/809, 66/135
umbydelve, inf. 94/930 hen, nom.
shelve, 3 sing. subj. ten, a. pi. 26/672
selve, ^mw. 217/291 men, nom.
delve, '/. 217/292 fleen, obj. 84/915
twelve, www. #d;. slen, inf. 84/912
delve, w/. 80/807 slen, inf.
delve, v. 2 sing. pres. 84/915
fleen, olj.
overwhelve, m/l 48/H2 men, nom. 84/914
selve, ^mw. 30/8io, 66/137 ten, a. pi.
umbidelve, imper. hen, nom. 26/671
hemselve, ^r<w. 116/326 then, adv.
umbidelve, ww^r. 116/327 when, adv. 96/995
 RYME INDEX. 295

when, adv. science, worn .

then, adv. 96/997 diligence, worn. w^. 166/44

dispence, v. 1 sing.
pres. 157/235
-ence (see -ense) experience, worn. smy. 166/46
diligence, nom. sing. sapience, nom. sing. 1 57/2 36
experience, nom. sing. 166/46 sentence, worn. 'y. 157/233
science, nom. sing. 166/47 sentence, worn. sm^.
diligence, obj. dispence, v. 1 sing. pres. 157/235
dispence, inf. 6/112 sapience, wow. *w0r. 157/236
dispense, inf. 19 4/192 science, worn. ww^r. 157/238
expence, obj. 8/185
suspense, a. sing. 1
9/500 -end (s0 ende)
diligence, oil.
negligence, oil. end, 05?.
8/210
dispence, inf. *descende, inf. 67/189
diligence, obj. 6/1 1 1

expence, obj. 7/170 -endde (** -ende)

influence, obi. 7/173
dispence, v. 1 my. j9m. brendde, v. 3 sing. pres.
sapience, nom. sing. 157/236 shende, v. 3 sing. pres. 154/i6i
science, worn. sing. 157/238
sentence, worn. *w^. 157/233 -ende -enned and -endde)
(see
eloquence, oi/.
prudence, oi/. l/i amende, imper.
expence, 0J;. extende, v. 3 sing. pres. 6/140
diligence, 0J/. 8/183 amende, inf.
dispence, inf. 7/172 extende, inf. 69/244
influence, obi. 7/173 amende, v. 3 pi. pres.

experience, worn. swy. defende, inf. 207/13

diligence, nom. sing. 166/44 anende, inf.
science, nom. sing. 166/47 ascende, inf. 166/6i
fervence, oil. ende, oil. 168/17
pestilence, oil. 208/442 tende, pp. 16 6/60
influence, oil. anende, adv.
dispence, inf. 7/172 ascende, v. 3 sing. pres.
109/135
expence, obj. 7/170 defende, inf. 161/51
negligence, obi. descende, imper. 109/137
diligence, obi. 8/209 spende, pp. 151/53
pestilence, obi. ascende, inf.
fervence, obi. 208/444 anende, inf. 166/58
prudence, obi. attende, imper. 40/1090
eloquence, obj. 1/3 descende, inf. 214/2OO
sapience, nom. sing. ende, inf. 167/IO2
dispence, v. 1 sing. pres. 157/ ende, oil. 123/5 3 8, 142/58
235 extende, v. 3 sing. pres. 71/295
science, nom. sing. 157/2 38 offende, inf. 39/1057
sentence, nom. sing. 1
57/2 3 3 spende, imper. 214/2OI
296 RYME INDEX.

spende, v. 2 sm#. ^?m. 1 1 8/404

spende, inf. 161/83
spende, pp. 167/ioo suspend e, inf. 118/401
tende, pp. 16 6/60 condescende, inf.
upbende, v. 3 sing. pres. 40/1087 comprende, inf. 75/394
ascende, v. 3 pi. pres. descende, inf. 75/396
attende, inf. 6/127 ende, oil. 171/i
comprehende, v. 3 pi. pres. 105/ contende, 3 ^?Z. pr.
suspende, 3 pi. pr. 206/531
defende, inf. 46/6 1 defende, v. 3 pi. pres.
ende, oil. 1 78/205, 216/219 offende, inf. 5/97
extende, imper. 70/269 defende, imper.
extende, inf. 64/ioi spende, imper. 128/541
extende, v. 3 pi. pres. 178/207 thende, oil. 128/544
spende, inf. 4 6/60 defende, inf.
spende, j^. 105/40 amende, inf. 207/14
umbywende, imper. 215/221 anende, adv. 151/54
ascende,v. 3 swy. ^r<?. ascende, 3 pi. pres. 46/58
anende, adv. 109/138 extende, imper. 218/328
*brenned, pp. 164/14 spende, inf. 46/6o
descende, imper. 109/137, 175/ spende,^?. 151/53
US suspende, v. 3 pi. pres. 118/
.

attende, imper. 392

ascende, inf. 40/1089 depende, v. 3 pi. pres.

upbende, v. 3 sing. pres. 40/1087 ende, obi. 168/122

attende, inf. descende, inf.
ascende, v. 3 pi. pres. 6/129 ascende, inf. 214/198
Calende, oil. 188/943 comprende, inf. 75/394
shende, inf. 188/944 condescende, inf. 75/397
attende, v. 3 pi. pres. *end, oil.
67/i88
mende, inf. 1 9/510 mende, 219/343
inf.
bende, pp. spende, imper. 214/2OI
ende, oil. 159/39 suspende, inf. 90/832
wende, inf. 159/40 descende, imper.
Calende, oil. anende, adv. 109/138
attende, inf. 188/941 ascende sulj. 17 5/113
shende, inf. 188/944 ascende, inf. 109/135
commende, inf. descende, v. 3 pi. pres.
descende, v. 2 sing. pres. 45/47 kalende, obi. 112/21 8
ende, oil. 45/44 sende, pp. 175/126
comprehende, inf. descende, sulj.
rende, 3 pi. pres. 141/44
v. commende, inf. 45/46
comprehende, 0. 3 pi. pres. ende, oil. -45/44
ascende, v. 3 pi. pres. 105/39 descende, sulj.
spende, pp. 1 offende, inf. 213/i8q
05/40
comprende, inf. ende, inf.
condescende, inf. 75/397 1
ascende, inf. 67/103
descende, inf. 75/396 spende,^?. 167/ioo
 RYME INDEX. 297

ende, nom. on-ende, adv.

mende, inf. 1 22/501
spende, inf. 122/502
ende, oil.
anende, inf. 168/15
ascende, v. 3 pi. pr.
215/222
ascende, inf. 124/539, 142/6o
bende, pp. 159/37
commende, inf. 45/46
condescende, 171/3
inf.
depended. 3 pi. pres. 168/1 20
descende, subj. 45/47
extende, v. 3 pi. pres. 178/207
kalende, oi/. 188/132, 187/2
on-ende, adv. 187/5
shende, inf. 66/112
spende 46/52
inf.
spende, imper. 208/462
umbywende, imper. 215/221
wende, inf. 15 9/40
extende, pi. pres.
amende, v. 3 sing. subj. 6/139
ascende, v. 3 pi. pres. 17 8/2 08
ende, oil. 178/205.
extende, imper.
ascende, subj. 70/267
defende, inf. 218/329
extende, v. 3 sing. subj.
ascende, inf. 71/297
extende, inf.
amende, inf. 69/245
ascende v. 3 pi. pres. 68/99
kalende, obi.
descende, v. 3 pi. pres. 1 12/220
ende, obi. 188/133, 187/4
on-ende, adv. 187/5
mende, inf.
attende, subj. 1
9/511
descende, inf. 219/342
ende, nom. 122/499
spende, inf. 17/444, 122/502
offende, inf.
ascende, inf. 89/1056
defende, v. 3 pi. pres. 5/98
descende, subj. 213/i88
wende, pp. 131/749
kalende, obi. 187/2
ende, obi. 187/4
rende, imper.
comprehende, inf. 141/46
!78/2o8, rende, pp.
suspende, imper. 125/595
sende, pp.
descende, v. 3 pi. pres. 175/
125
shende, subj.
brendde, subj. 154/i6o
shende, inf.
ende, obi. 65/m
shende, pp.
attende, inf. 188/941
Calende, obi.
188/943
comprende, inf. 118/403
suspende, inf. 118/401
spende, imper.
ascende, inf. 2 14/198
defende, imper. 128/543
descende, inf. 214/20O
ende, obi. 208/461
thende, obi. 128/544
spende, inf.
ascende, inf. 161/84
ascende, v. 3 pi. pres. 46/58
defende, inf. 46/6 1
ende, nom. 122/499
ende, obi. 46/5 o
mende, inf. 17/442, 122/501
spende, pp.
anende, adv. 151/54
ascende, v. 3 pi. pres. 105/39
ascende, inf. 107/103
comprehende, v. 3 pi. pres. 105/
defende, inf. 151/51
wende, pp. 98/902
suspende, v. 3 pi. pres.
contende, v. 3 pi. pres. 206/
S3 2
defende, inf. 118/391
suspende, imper.
rende, 125/594
298 RYME INDEX.

suspende, inf. -endes (see -ende is)

comprende, inf. 118/403
descende, kalendes, nom. pi.
inf. 90/833
spend e, spende is, 185/164
subj. 118/4.04
tende, obj.
anende, inf. 166/58 -ene -eane, -een, -eene)
(see
ascende, inf. 166/6i
thende, obi. atwene, adv.
defende, imper. 128/543 leene, a. sing. 68/202
spende, imper. 128/541 lene, a. sing. 77/469
umbywende, imper. bene nom.
ascende, v. 3 pi. pres. 215/222 lene, a. pi. 7/158
ende, oil. 215/219 lene, a. sing. 207/21
upbende, subj. rene, obi. 7/159
ascende, inf. 40/1089 bene, obi.
attende, inf. 40/1090 clene, a. sing. 200/369
wende, inf. stene, obi. 200/368
bende, pp. 159/37 bene, inf.
ende, obi. 159/39 lene, a. pi. 91/849
wende, pp. sene, pp. 91/851
offende, inf. 181/750 bene, pp.
spende, pp. 93/903 lene, a. sing. 77/449
betwene, adv.
-ended grene, a. pi. 99/io8o
amended, pp. stene, obi. 128/666

extended,^. 11/290 sustene, inf. 99/1083

extended, pp. bydene, adv.
amended, ^?. 11/288 clene, adv. 118/407
greene, a. pi. 8/187
-ende is (see -endes) sustene, inf. 8/186, 128/540
bytwene, adv.
spende is
clene, a. sing. 73/352
kalendes, nom.pl. 185/i62 kene, a. pi. 78/354
chene, obi.
-ender
clene, a. pi. 42/i 140
engender, inf. clene, a. sing.
slender, a. pi. 152/95 bene, obi. 200/366
tender, a. sing. 152/93 bytwene, adv. 78/355
slender, a. pi. demene, imper. 199/352, 205/
engender, inf. 15 2/9 6 502
tender, a. sing. 152/93 glene, imper. 14/362
tender, a. pi. 27/729 kene, a. pi. 78/354
tender, a. sing. lene, a. sing. 14/361
engender, inf. 152/96 sene, pp. 176/151
slender, a. pi. 152/95 sustene, inf. 176/152
tender, a. pi. stene, obi. 205/501
slender, a. pi. 27/731 unclene, a. sing. 2/35
 RYME INDEX. 299

clene, a. pi. demene, 3 pi. pres. 139/958,

cheiie, obi. 42/i 141 206/544
demeane, imper. 5 6/3 2 5 dene, a. pi. 22/587, 25/675
demene, imper. 59/427 sustene, S pi. pres. 139/957
grene, wy. 157/219
. sustene, *'w/. 206/543
1

sustene, tw/ 157/221 . thirtene (xin), adj. pi. 208/24

clene, <wfe. glene, imper.

*atween, #<fo. 54/291 clene, a. sing. 14/359
bydene, 0dv. 118/409 lene, #. wy. 14/361
demene, imper. 19/497, 18 8/3 2 glene, inf.
ne
fiftene (xy ), a. ^Z. 54/292 clene, #<&;. 90/807
glene, /. 90/809 lene, inf. 90/8 10, 128/530
greene, a. pi. 58/386 serene, a. sing. 123/527
grene, a. pi. 127/653 grene, adj.
leene, a. sing. 64/79 clene, a. ;?Z. 157/222
leene, a. pi. 46/5 * sustene, wi/. 157/221, 191/133
lene, #. sing. 188/30
grene, a. 2?Z.
lene, /. 90/8 10 betwene, a^. 9 9/1082
meene, a. sing. 64/8 1
clene, adv. 127/655
sene, pp. 127/656 lene, #. pi. 122/522
serene, #. ^>/. 46/53
sene, #p. 122/520, 127/656
stene, oil. 200/308
sustene, inf. 99/1083
demene, v. 3 pi. pres. a. pi.
kene,
fiftene (xv), a. pi. 139/955, 206/
bytwene, adv. 73/355
54i clene, a. sing. 73/352
sustene, v. 3 sing. pres. 139/957
lene, adj. sing.
sustene, inf. 206/543
atwene, adv. 77/468
demene, imper. bene, nom. 207/2 o
clene, a. sing. 199/354, 205/499 bene, #p. 77/45 1
clene, a. pi. 59/426
clene, a. sing. 14/359
clene, adv. 19/496, 188/33
clene, adv. 188/33
lene, adj. 171/8, 188/30
demeene, imper. 63/6o
mene, obi. 4/93
demene, t#tp0r. 171/io, 188/32
stene, nom. pi. 202/426
1

demene, tw/ 180/31 .

stene, oil. 199/355, 205/5 01

glene, imper. 14/362
unlene, adj. 5/96
rene, *m^. 3/6 1
.

demene, inf. sene, imper. 16/410

lene, a. sing. 180/29 sustene, inf. 63/6 1
dene, num. a. sustene, tVp*r. 16/411
fiftene (xv), a. pi. 22/588, 25/ unclene, a. sing. 8/58
6?3 lene, a. pi.
eightene (xvni), adj. pi. bene worn. 7/156
sustene, inf. 179/17 bene, inf. 91/852
ne
fiftene(xv ), adj. pi. grene, 0.^. 122/523
*atween, adv. 54/291 rene, oil. 7/159
clene, adv. 54/289
.
91/851, 122/520
300 RYME INDEX.

lene, adv. sustene, 3 s.

leene, a. sing. 48/i2i demene, v. 3 ^?/. j9m. 189/958

meene, fiftene (xv), a. pi. 189/955
olj. 48/124
lene, inf. sustene, imper.
clene, adv. 90/807 lene a. sing. 16/408
glene, inf. 90/809, 128/529 sene, imper. 16/410
serene, adj. 128/527 sustene, inf.
mene, olj. betwene, adv. 99/io82
demene, imper. 6/95 bydene, adv. 8/184, 128/542
unlene, a. sing. 5/96 clene, a. sing. 176/149
mene, 3 s. pres. clene, a. pi. 157/222
unclene, a. pi. 118/272 demeene, imper. 68/60
rene, a. sing. demene, v. 3 pi. pres. 206/544
lene, a. sing. 3/6o eightene (xvin), adj. pi. 179/15
unclene, .
sing. 8/58 fiftene (xv), adj. pi. 206/541

rene, oi/. greene, a. pi. 8/187

bene, nom. 7/156 grene, a. sing. 157/219, 19 1/
lene a. ^. 7/158 132
sene, imper. grene, . 9 9/ 1080
^>Z.
lene, smy. 16/408
.
leue, a. sing. 68/58
sustene, 16/411 sene, pp. 176/151
sene, pp. thirtene (xni), adj. pi.
bene, inf. 91/85.2 fiftene (xv), adj. pi. 208/22

clene, <&;.
127/655 unclene, a. sing.
clene, smy. 176/149
.
clene, a. sing. 2/34
grene, a. pi. 127/653, demene, imper. 5/95
lene, a. pi. 91/849, 122/522 mene, 0i. 4/93
sustene, inf. 176/152 lene, a. sing. 3/6o
serene, a. sing. rene, #. sing. 3/6 1
glene, inf. 128/529 unclene, .
^?.
lene, w/. 128/530 mene, 3 s. pres. 118/273
serene, a. pi. wene, v. 3 JP/. jt?r0s.

clene, 0cfo. 46/54 syngrene, oil. 81/853

leene, a. pi. 46/5 1
ne
seventene (xvn ), adj. pi.
^eighteen, adj.pl. 48/114
-ened
*seen, pp. 48/n6 abstened, pp.
syngrene, obi.
tened, pp. 180/725
wene, ;. 3 pi. pres. 81/854
pp
tied, pp.
tened,
stene, n. pi.
abstened, pp. 180/723
demene, imper. 202/427
stene, oil.
bene, oil. 200/366 -enger (see -onger)
betwene, adv. 128/668
clene, a. sing. 199/354, 200/369, lenger, adv.
205/499 ^stronger, a. sing. 41/uo8
demene, imper. 199/3 5 2, 205/5 02 *unstronger, a. pi. 41/i 1 10
 RYME INDEX. 301

-engeth (see -ingeth) thenne, adv.

mengeth, imper. brenne, subj. 88/884
springe th, 3 s. pres. 82/876 brenne, inf. 14 1/41
penne, nom. 140/2
-enght penne, obi. 177/i86, 218/323
lenght, oil. renne, imper. 177/184
strenght, oil 47/8 7 renne, subj. 186/189
strenght, obi. renne, inf. 16/420, 88/887,
lenght, obi. 47/85 140/7, 141/ 3 8
*thenn, adv. 140/4
-enn (see -enne) whenne, adv.
kenne, inf 126/637
thenn, adv.
*penne, nom. 140/2
*renne, inf. 140/7 -enned (** -ende)
*thenne, adv. 140/5 brenned, pp.
*ascende, v. 3 sing.pres. 164/13
-enne (see -enn)
brenne, subj. -ennes
renne, inf. 88/887
pennes, w. pi.
thenne, adv. 33/886
thennes, adv. 21/549
brenne, inf.
thennes, adv.
renne, inf. 84/644, 141/38, 172/
pennes, n.pl.. 21/547
24
thenne, <wfo. 141/4O
-ense (see -ence)
kenne, inf.
whenne, adv. 126/636 dispense, w/.
penne, nom. diligence, olj. 194/igo
renne, inf. 140/7 suspense, a. sing.
*thenn, adv. 140/4 diligence, olj. 19/498
thenne, <wfo. 140/5
penne, obi.
-ent -ente)
renne, m^r. 1 77/184
thenne, adv. 177/1 87, 218/325 abstinent, a. sing.
'

renne, imper. relent, pp. 13 7/9 08

penne, oW. 177/r 8 5 shent, a. pi. 137/909
thenne, efo. 177/187 adolent, a. sing.
renne, swi/. diligent, a. sing. 106/32
thenne, ^v. 185/i88 sarment, olj. 106/33
renne, w/. assent, oil.
brenne, m/. 84/643, 141/4*1 unguent, oil. 109/147
172/22 bent, subj.
brenne, subj. 88/884 promynent, a. sing. 16/380
penne, nom. 140/2 shent, pp. 16/383
*thenn, adv. 140/4 blent, pp.
thenne, adv. 16/419, 33/886, luculent, a. pi.
186/1 91
140/5, 141/40 shent, pp. 186/193

20
302 RYME INDEX.

brent, pp. hent, inf.

sarment, oil. circumferent, a. sing. 151/6:
201/386
tegument, obj. 104/20 convenient, a. sing. 151/58
circumferent, a. sing. instrument, obj. 42/i 149
convenient, a. sing. 151/58 hent, pp.
hent, inf. 151/6o diligent, a. sing. 80/540
condyment, inf. impediment, obj.72/328
ferment, obj. 205/524 pestilent, a. sing. 263/448
condyment, obj. impediment, oil.

pigment, olj. 155/167 sarment, obj. 101/1125

condyment, obi.
fundament, nom. 220/353
convenient, a. sing.
circumferent, a. sing.
^entente, nom. 68/192
hent, inf. 151/6o
*relente, pp. 16/412
descent, obj.
librament, obj. 175/131
*pestilente, a. sing. 175/128
diligent, a. sing.
adolent, a. sing. 1 05/30
entent, obi. lOO/i 1 1 1
experient, a. sing. 47/95
hent, pp. 80/542
instrument, nom. ISO/yiS
medicament, obi.
negligent, a. sing.
sarment, obj. 105/33
went, obi. 47/9 6
diligent, a. pi.
entent, oil. 142/yi
diligent, adv.
succedent, obj. 101/1124
impediment, obj.
hent, pp. 72/329
151/6 1 increment, nom.
shent, pp. 8/1 8 8
insolent, a. sing.
experiment, oil. 209/59
instrument, nom.
diligent, a. sing. 13 0/71 6
instrument, obj.
hent, inf. 42 /i 151
scyment, inf. 177/183
jugement, obj.
^entente, nom. 178/215
librament, obj.
*pestilente, a. sing. 175/128
110/uio descent, obj. 175/130
loinent, oil.
137/904
entent, oil. 200/371
luculent, a. pi.
shent, pp. 186/193
blent, pp. 186/194
lynyment, oil.

silent, a. pi. 137/919 sarment, oil.

202/441
entent, oil. medicament, oil.

diligent, a. sing. 4.7/9$, lOO/i 108 diligent, a. sing. 100/uo8

diligent, a. pi.
142/yo entent, oil. 100/iin
loment, oil. 200/370 negligent, a. sing.
medicament, oil. lOO/iiio diligent a. sing. 137/903
experient, a. sing. negligent, a. pi.
went, oil. 47/96 went, inf. 44/zo
experiment, oil. pavyment, oil.

insolent, a. sing. 209/57 *brente, pp. 88/904

ferment, obj. pestilent, a. sing.
condyment, inf. 205/525 hent, pp. 203/447
fundament, nom. pestilent, a. pi.
condyment, oil. 220/351 violent, a. pi. 12/308
 RYME INDEX. 303

pigment, olj. went, inf.

condyment, olj. 155/1 68 negligent, a. pi. 44/2 1

promynent, a. s.ing. went, oil.

bent, subj. 16/382 diligent, a. sing. 47/93

shent, pp. 15/383 experient, a. sing.
47/Q5
relent, imper.
sarment, obi. 102/1144 -eiite (see -ent)
relent, pp.
abstinent, a. sing. 1 37/906 brente, pp.
shent, pp. 137/909 *pavyment, oil. 33/906
sarment, obj. contente, inf.
adolent, a. sing. 105/30 shente,^. 166/63
diligent, a. sing. 105/32 entente, nom.
obi. a. sing.
impediment, lOl/uzz ^convenient, 68/190
relent, imper. 102/1142 *jugement, olj. 17 8/21 6
succedent, olj. 101/1124 pestilente, a. sing.
sarment, oil. *descent, olj. 175/130
bent, pp. 201/388 *librament, olj. 175/131
lynyment, oil. 202/440 relente, pp.
turment, olj. 65/119 ^convenient, a. sing. 16/413
scyment, inf. shente, pp.
instrument, olj. 17 7/185 contente, inf. 166/62
shent, pp.
abstinent, a. sing. 1 37/906 -entes
bent, subj. 15/382
blent, pp. 186/194 adolescentes, a. pi.
increment, nom. 8/189 parentes, n. pi. 135/851
luculent, a. pi. 186/191
parentes, n. pi.
promynent, a. sing. 15/380 adolescentes, a. pi. 135/849
relent, pp. 13 7/9 08
silent, a. pi.
-epe (see -eep, -eepe)
deligent, ado. 137/921
succedent, olj. aslepe adv.
impediment, oil. 101/H22 kepe, imper. 59/432
sarment, olj. 101/1125 wepe, inf. 59/431
superfluent, a. sing. bywepe, subj.
uphent, pp. 204/475 kepe, inf. 106/6o
tegument, olj. stepe, a. sing. 106/58
tobrent, pp. 104/21 crepe,v. 3 pi. pres.

turment, olj. *deep, adv.- 109/i 5 9

sarment, oil. 65/i 18 kepe, imper. 216/259
unguent, oil. kepe, inf. 109/156
assent, oil. 109/146 steepe, inf. 56/342
uphent, pp. crepe, inf.
superfluent, a. sing. 204/476 depe, ^v. 78/471, 105/ 47 141/ ,

violent, a. pi. 42
pestilent, a. pi. 12/307 kepe, inf. 78/474, 100/44
304 RYME INDEX.

depe, a. sing. depe, adv. 29/771, 53/254, 78 /

kepe, inf. 73/ 3 s 7 , 17 8/74, 214/ 471, 105/47, 168/121
212 depe, a. sing. 73/356, 173/72,

slepe, inf. 214/214 214/215

wepe, v. 3 pi. pres. 173/75 kepe, 05;. 58/406
depe, #<&?. krepe, inf. 168/124
crepe, m/ 78/473,105/46,141/43 slepe, inf. 53/256, 57/382, 214/
kepe, in/ 29/773 , 53/ 357 , 78/ 214, 217/301
474, 105/44, 168/123 stepe, imper. 180/48
kepe, imper. 123/532 stepe, a. sing. 106/58
krepe, inf. 168/124 wepe, subj. 57/383
slepe, inf. 53/256 wepe, v. 3 pi. pres. 173/75
drepe, inf. krepe, inf.
wepe, subj. 71/279 depe, adv. 1 68/121
hepe, imper. kepe, inf. 168/123
kepe, imper. 216/262 lepe, subj.
kepe, 6^;'. be, subj. 183/124
kepe, *'/. 58/405 kepe, imper. 188/123
*maturite, obi. 188/125 pasnepe, obi.
wepe, v. 3 pL pres. 104/7 kepe, imper. 173/55
kepe, v. 3 ^. />r0s. shepe, obj.
kepe, 0. 3 pi. pres. 216/270 keepe, v. 3 pi. pres. 167/ioi
slepe, inf. 185/i8z slepe, e'w/.

stepe, i/. 54/2 8 1 depe, adv. 53/254

wepe, swi/. 216/271 depe, sing. 214/215
.

kepe, imper. kepe, v. 3 pi. pres. 185/i8i

aslepe, <wfo.59/429 kepe, imper. 160/57
be, 183/124
wi/- kepe, inf. 53/257, 57/380, 214/
*creep, subj. 47/89 212, 217/300
crepe, v. 3 pL pres. 216/258 wepe, subj. 57/383
deep, a. pi. 47/86 stepe, a. sing.
depe, adv. 123/531 by wepe, subj. 106/6i
hepe, imper. 2 16/2 60 kepe, inf. 106/6o
lepe, subj.183/i2i stepe, imper.
pasnepe, oil.
173/56 kepe, 'w/". 180/49
slepe, inf. 160/59 stepe, inf.
*steep, imper. 90/8 1 1 kepe, 0.3 pi. pres. 54/283
wepe, inf. 59/431 wepe, 0. 3 pi. pres.
depe, #. sing. 173/72
kepe, inf.
by wepe, inf. 16/425 .
kepe, 'rc/. 173/74
by wepe, wi/. 106/6 1 kepe, oJ;. 104/6
crepe, v. 3 ^>?. _pra. 109/158, wepe, sw5/.
HI/193 drepe, inf. 7 1/2 80
crepe, inf. 78/473, 105/46 kepe, 0. 3 pi. pres. 216/268,
*deep, adv. 95/972, 109/159 216/270
*deep, a. sing. 11 1/191 kepe, inf. 57/380
*deep, a. pi. slepe, w/. 57/382
16/422
 RYME INDEX. 305

wepe, inf. brere, oil.

aslepe, adv.59/429 rere, m/. 81/674
kepe, imper. 59/432 brere, obj.
nere, a^y. 111/213
-epeth (see -eepeth) Canyculere, wow.
chere, o5/. 196/250
hepeth, imper. ypere, adv. 196/247
keepeth, v. 3 sing. pres. 105/35 chere, oi/.
Canyculere, nom. 196/249
-er (see -ere, -ire) Fe very ere, obi. 214/21 6
Janyvere, obi. 194/2O6
Caniculer, obi. chere, m/.
cler, a. sing. 168/129 yere, obi. 144/123
cler, a. sing. yfere, ^y. 18/330
Caniculer, oil. 168/127 clere, a. sing.
Jannyver, obi. ffeveryere, obi. 91/837
*Fe very ere, nom. 53/266 *maner, obi.
!75/io6
maner, obi. *orbiculer, a. pi. 93/891
*clere, a. sing. 175/io8 nere, adv. 98/894
November, obi.
^September, obi. 17 8/21 8
obi.
*emyspire, 206/553 yfere, adv. 91/835
orbiculer, a. pi. clere, a. pi.
*clere, a. sing. 98/893 appere, v. 3 pi. pres. 161/g8
*nere, adv. 93/894 *Janyveer, obi.
56/336
September, obi. yere, n. pi. 116/356
*clere, a. sing. 178/21 6
dere, inf.
ther, adv. 170/i6y
there, adv. 85/958
ther, adv.
obi. 1
elleswhere, adv.
September, 70/169 oW. 2/23
fere,
there, adv. 2/25, 66/161
-ere (see -er, -eree)
fere, obi.
elles- where 2/26
appere, v. 3 pi. pres.
there, adv. 2/2$
clere, a. pi. 1 61/97
appere, subj. ffeberyere, oil.
lere, imper. 8/45 pere, oil. 122/518
appere, inf.
Fe very ere, nom.
*Jannyver, oil. 53/265
here, adv. 199/343
yere, obi. 199/356 Feveryere, oil.
bere, v. 3 pi. pres. chere, o/. 214/217
here, adv. 195/242 clere, a. sing. 91/838
pere, inf. 195/243 here, adv. 98/907
pere, oil 88/7.77 *Janyveer, obi. 50/176
bere, swi;'. manere, obj. 88/767
there, <wfo. 66/141 pere, obi. 98/905
bere, inf. sere, 0. JP/. 88/768
manere, oil. 72/309 yfere, adv. 91/835
306 RYME INDEX.

here, adv. tere, subj.

appere, inf. 199/342 were, inf. 72/307
here, v. 3 pi. pres. 195/240 tere, inf.
ffe very ere, obi.
93/908 tere, v. 3 pi. pres. 102/1152
pere, obi. 93/905 there, adv. 102/1153
pere, inf. 195/243 there, adv.
Janyvere, obi. bere, subj. 66/143
chere, obi. 194/2 04 dere, inf. 35/959
lere, imper. elles where, adv. 2/26, 66/160
appere, subj. 8/43 eree, inf.61/g
manere, obi. fere, oil. 2/23
bere, inf. 72/3 1 1 there, adv. 97/ioi6, 97/ioi8
nere, adv. 204/486 were, v. 3 jt?. ^t?m. 48/133
yfere, adv. 59/430 were, subj. 61/12
manere, obj. were, v. 3 pi. pres.
ffeveryere, obi. 88/765 there, ^v. 48/132
sere, a. pi. 88/768 were, inf. (wear)
nere, adv. shere, inf. 43/1164
brere, obj. 111/2H tere, subj,72/3 08
clere, a. sing. 93/893 were, subj. 43/i 166
manere, obi. 204/484 were, subj. 3 sing.
*orbiculer, a. pi. 93/891 eree, w/. 6 1/9
nere, prep. matiere, oil.72/317
popule[re] oil.
92/877 shere, inf. 43 /i 164
yere, obj. 92/879 there, ^y. 61 /i i

pere, inf. were, 'w/. 43/1167

bere, v. 3 pi. pres. 195/240 yfere, 0^. 72/319, 75/398
here, adv. 195/242 yere, nom.pl.
pere, obi. clere, #. jp 116/357
bere, v. 3 pi. pres.88/776 yere, oJ/.
ffeberyere o^. 122/517 appere, m/. 199/357
ffeveryere, oil. 93/908 chere, inf. 144/I2I
here, adv. 93/907. nere, r?. 928 80
popule[re] oi/. popule[re] oil. 92/877
nere, prep. 92/88o yfere, #^.
yere, obj. 92/879 Canyculere, nom. 196/249
rere, inf. chere, obi. 196/250
brere, 0JZ. 81/573 chere, inf. 18/332
sere, a. pi. clere, a. sing. 91/838
ffeveryere, obi. 88/765 ffeveryere, oil. 91/837
manere, obj. 88/767 manere, oil. 59/428
shere, wt/1 matiere, oil. 72/317
were, subj. 43/n66 were, subj. 72/320, 75/399
were, 43/1167
/". -eree (*^ -ere)
tere, v. 3 pi. pres. eree, inf.
tere, inf. 102/1150 there, 0^#. 61/i i

there, adv. 162/1153 were, v. 3 sm^r. swJ/. 6 1/ 12

 RYME INDEX. 307

-ere is (see -er is, -eres, -ers) Eterne, a. sing.

chere is externe, inf. 186/215

interne, a. sing. 186/214
Janyver is 52/233
welner is, 62/235 sempiterne, a. sing. 186/217
fere is superne, a. sing. 206/547
externe, inf.
^gutters, n. pi. 88/1035
where is Eterne, a. sing. 186/212
interne, a. sing. 186/214
brieres, n. pi. 47/97
sempiterne, a. sing.
186/217
feme, obj.
-er is (see -ere is)
werne, inf. 171/2O
Janyver is gouverne, imper.
chere is, 62/236 cisterne, obj. 16/426
welner is, 62/235 interne, a. sing.
welner is Eterne, a. sing. 186/212
chere 62/236
is, externe, inf. 186/215
Janyver is, 62/233 sempiterne, a. sing. 186/217
sempiterne, a. sing.
-eres (see -ere is) Eterne, a. sing. 186/212
externe, inf. 186/215
beres, n. pi. interne, a. sing. 186/214
deres, n. pi. 81/840 superne, a. sing.
brieres, n. pi. Eterne, a. sing. 206/549
where is, 47/9 8 werne, inf.
deres, n. pi. ferae, obj. 171/21
beres, n. pi. 3 1/8 3 q
-ers (see -ere is)
-erk (see -ark) dyvers, a. sing.
werk oil. wers, a. pi. 1 90/ r o i
*kark, inf. 12 9/701 wers, a. pi.
dyvers, a. sing. 190/99
-erme gutters, n. pi.
*fere is, 88/1036
ferme, a. sing.
ferme, inf. 118/249 -erst
ferme, adv. 118/250 erst, adv.
ferme, adv. werst, adv. 208/31
ferme, a. sing. 118/247 werst, adv.
ferme, inf. 118/249
erst, adv. 208/29
ferme, inf.
ferme, a. sing. 118/247 -erve
ferme, adv. 118/250
kerve, inf.
serve, imper. 188/928
-erne
observe, inf.
cisterne, obj. serve, nom. 19 6/261
gouverne, imper. 16/427 serve, v. Spl.pres. 196/263
308 RYME INDEX.

reserve, inf. cheses, n. pi.

serve, inf. 62/34 breses, n. pi. 24/654
serve, nom.
observe, inf. 196/264
-eseth
serve, v. 3 pi. pres. 196/263 v. 3 s.
displeseth, pres.
serve, oil. eseth, v. 3 8. pres. 81/565
serve, inf. 98/1039, 1 46/141 uneseth, v. 3 s.
pres. 81/562
serve, v. 3 pi. pres. 95/952 eseth, v. 3 s.
^>r0s.
serve, v. 3 pi. pres.
displeseth, v. 3 s. pres. 81/564
observe, inf. 196/264 uneseth, v. 3 s. pres. 81/562
serve, nom. 196/2 6 1
uneseth, v. 3 s. j?m.
serve, oil. 95/951
displeseth, v. 3 s. pres. 81/564
serve, imper. eseth, v. 3 s. ^>m. 81/565
kerve, inf. 188/926
serve, inf.
-esys (see -ese is)
reserve, inf. 62/35
flesys, a. pi.
serve, oil. 98/1037, 145/140
chese is, 167/87
sterve, inf. 34/931
sterve, inf.
-eson (see -eason)
serve, w/l 34/930
-ese (see -ees) appeson, inf.
season, obi. 120/447
brese, i/. geson, a. pi.
crese, subj. 142/77 peson, n. pi. 106/68
brese, w/. reason, oil. 164/4
chese, oil. 34/911, 155/i62 season, nom. 164/2
chese, wi/1 season, oil. 106/67
chese, 0W. 154/141 leson, inf.
chese, oil. reson, oil. 71/289
brese, Vw/. 34/913, 155/164 season, oil. 71/291
chese, *'/". 154/143 peson, n. pi.
crese, swJ/. geson, a. pi. 106/65
brese, *&/. 142/78 season, oil. 106/67
encrese, worn. reson, olj.
ceese, inf. 143/92 seson, oil. 101/1135
encrese, wi/l seson, oil.
*doutelees, adv. 155/171
1
reson, olj. 101/1137
lese, w/ .

*thees, n. pi. 35/946 -ess (see -esse)

-ese is (see -esys) ingress, oil.

*lyonesse, oil. 35/g6i
chese is
*hevynesse, olj. 35/963
flesys, a. pi. 167/85
-eses -esse (see -ess)

breses, n. pi. besinesse, nom.

cheses, n. pi. 24/652 expresse, v. 3 pi. pres. 66/154
 RYME INDEX. 309

besinesse, oil. gentilnesse, oJZ.

oppresse, sulj. 68/205 dresse, inf. 92/874
dresse, imper. 68/207 expresse, w/.188/27
bisinesse, obj. gesse, 1 s. ^?r0s.

bitternesse, obj. 172/44 expresse, inf. 58/403

greetnesse, oil. 172/47 lesse, #. ^?. 68/401
bitternesse, obj. gesse, imper.
bisinesse, obj.
172/46 cupresse, oil. 200/384
greetnesse, obi. 1 72/47 lesse, a. sing. 183/n8
cipresse, oil. greetnesse, oil.
cupresse, oil. 15/397 bisinesse, obj. 172/146
dresse, imper. 16/396 bitternesse, obj. 172/44
compresse, imper. dresse, inf. 75/388
presse, oil. 154/149 hevynesse, obi.

sadnesse, oil. 154/152 distresse, obi. 107/79

cupresse, oil. lesse, a. sing. 107/8i
cipresse, oil.15/394 hevynesse, obj.
dresse, imper. 15/396 ^ingress, obi. 86/964
gesse, imper. 206/385 lyonesse, obi. 86/961
distresse, oil. lesse, #. sing.
hevynesse, oil.107/82 distresse, oil. 107/79
lesse, a. sing. 107/8 1 gesse, imper. 18 3/119
dresse, 0. 3 ^. jr0s. hevynesse, oil. 107/82
express,^. 206/537 lesse, a. pi.
presse, ?. 3 ^?. pres. 206/534
expresse, inf. 68/403
dresse, imper. gesse, 1 s. pres. 68/404
besinesse, oil. 68/208 lyonesse, oil.
cipresse, oil. 15/394 hevynesse, obj. 86/963
cupresse, oil. 15/397
^ingress, oil. 86/964
fatnesse, 0W. 79/502
oppresse, sulj.
oppresse, sw#/. 68/205, ? 9 /499>
besinesse, oil. 68/208
129/694
dresse, imper. 68/207, 7 9/501,
dresse, inf.
129/693
gentilnesse, oil. 92/875
fatnesse, oil. 79/502
greetnesse, oil. 75/386
expresse, v. 3 ^?. jr<?*.
presse, oil.

besinesse, nom. compresse, imper. 15 4/151

66/153
expresse, w/.
presse, imper. 50/i88
sadnesse, oil. 154/152
gentillesse, 188/28
gesse, 1 s. pres. 68/404 presse, v. 3 pi. pres.
lesse, a. pi. 68/401 dresse, v. 3 pi. pres. 206/536
expresse, pp. expresse, pp. 206/537
presse, v. 3 pi. pres. 206/534 presse, imper.
dresse, v. 3 pi. pres. 206/536 presse, oil. 60/189
fatnesse, oil. sadnesse, oil.
oppresse, sulj. 79/499 compresse, imper. 164/151
dresse, imper. 7 9/501 presse, oil. 154/149
310 RYME INDEX.

-estes (see -eestes, -eest is, and gladdest, a. pi. 50/i86

-est is) honest, a. sing. 5/124
prest, pp. 50/187
bestes, n. pi. rest, obj.207 fj
best is, 78/470, 135/869 west, nom.. 15/387
feest 18/488
is, west, obi. 5/12 1
leest 20/521
is, best, adj. pi.
unleest is, 18/487 brest, obi. 8/48
drestes, n. pi. brest, nom.
beestes, n. pi. 86/945 *streght, a. sing. 129/683
brest, obi.
best, adj. pi. 8/49
-est is (see -eestes, -eest is, and
celest, a. sing.
-estes) best, a. sing. 17/454

best is chest, obi.

best, adv. 173/71
bestes, n. pi. 78/472, 135/868
honest is chillingest, a. pi.
ferventest, a. pi. 120/450
beestes, n. pi. 43/1163
kest is hardiest, adv. 120/453
est, nom.
beestes, n. pi. 62/37
best, adv. 15/390
feest is, 62/39
west, nom. 15/387
est, obi.
-est (see -eest, -eeste, and -este) west, obi.
50/164
fattest, a. sing.
agrest, a. sing. thickest, adv. 52/237
rest, inf. 200/379 fertilest, a. pi.
best, oil. fest, adv. 101/1138
rest, obi. 135/857 kest, pp. 101/1139
rest, inf. 135/86o ferventest, a. pi.
best, a. sing. chillingest, a. pi. 120/452
celest, a. sing. 17/456 hardiest, adv. 120/453
fest, adv. 88/634 fest, adv.
grettest, a. sing. 82/585 best, a. sing. 88/635
harvest, oil. 82/583 fertilest, a. pi.101/1136
honest, a. sing. 30/8 12, 201/392 kest, imper. 76/435
kest, inf. 98/1032 kest, pp. 101/1139
kest, imper. 14/358 rest, obi. 88/632
kest, pp. 211/131 gladdest, a. pi.
lest, a. sing. 77/462 best, adv. 50/184
rest, oil. 59/435, 88/632 prest, pp. 50/187
rest, obj. 5/105 grettest, a. sing.
swetest, a. sing. 88/1023 best, a. sing. 82/586
unrest, subj. 211/130 harvest, obi. 82/583
best, adv. hardiest, adv.
chest, obi. 173/73 chillingest, a. pi. 120/452
est, nom. 15/389 ferventest, a. pi. 120/450
 RYME INDEX. 311

harvest, oil. west, oil.

best, a. sing. 82/586 best, adv. 5/123

grettest, a. sing. 82/585 est, oil.50/i62
honest, a. sing. honest, a. swy. 5/124
best, a. sing. 5/123, 30/8 u,
-este O* -eest and -est)
201/391
west, oil. 5/i 2 1
enfeste, sulj.
kest, imper. *beest, 0M. 88/893
best, a. sing. 14/360 *kest, sulj. 88/894
fest, adv. 76/437 meste, a. sing.

kest, sulj. beeste, nom. 137/goo

beest, oil. 88/893
*enfeste, sulj. 88/891 -etc (see -eet, -eete, and -ette)

kest, inf. alete, inf.

best, a. sing. 98/1030 gete, w/. 174/1 02
kest, jG^. swete, sulj. 174/ioo
best, a. sing.211/128 bete, v. 3 j9/. ^?m.
fertilest, a. pi.
101/1136 grete, v. 3 j?. jw^s. 204/494
fest, adv. 101/1138
unrest, sulj. 211/130
trete, v. 3 ^
^ra. 204/492
bete, sulj.
lest, a. sing. weete, tf.
pi. 210/99
best, a. sing. 77/461 bete, ff.
prest, pp. threte, inf. 81/832
best, adv. 50/184 etc, 3 pi. pres.
?.

gladdest, a. pi. 50/i86 meete, 0J/. 99/1078

rest, oi;. ete, sulj.
best, a. sing. 5/104 mete, 0iZ. 22/596, 27/722
best, adv. 207/6 ete, inf.
rest, 0JZ. mete, 0W. 153/1 06
best, a. sing. 59/437, 88/635 gete, v. 3 pi. pr-es.
best, oil. 135/859 bete, v. 3 j?J. #m. 204/495
fest, adv. 88/634 *greet, a pi. 184/835
.

rest, inf. 135/8 60 grete, inf. 149/6

rest, inf. trete, y. 3 pi. pres. 158/4, 204/
agrest, a. sing. 200/381 492
best, oil. 135/859 whete, olj. 158/5
rest, oil. 135/857 gete, imper.
sweetest, a. sing. <wfo. 186/871
*greet,
best, a. sing. 88/1025 trete, inf. 186/874
thickest, adv. gete, inf.
fattest, a. sing. 52/238 alete, inf. 174/IO3
unrest, sulj. *geet, oW. 129/677
best, a. sing. 211/128 *greet, a. pi 129/675
kest,^. 211/131 greete, pi. 59/422
.

west, nom. heete, oJZ. 124/580

best, adv. 15/390 heirylete, inf. 190/96
est, nom. 15/389 hete, 0H. 94/933, 190/ 9 3
312 RYME INDEX.

hete, 1 s. pres. 94/936 lete, imper.

mete, nom. 21/559 weete, inf. 81/575
mete, obi. 21/570 lete, w/1
mete, obj. 86/708 hete, oil. 206/530
swete, a. sing. 14/370 swete, 0. pi.
206/527
swete, a. pi. 173/76 mete, worn.
swete, subj. l74/ioo gete, inf. 21/560
swete, inf. 59/424, 1 68/19 grete, a. pi. 22/582
87/741
trete, subj. mete, obj.
wete, 76/426
obj. gete, */. 86/710
whete, nom. 158/i6 mete, oil.

grete, w/. ete, *wy. 22/598, 27/724

gete, v. 3 pi. pres. 149/7 ete, m/. 153/io8
hete, obi. 159/26 gete, inf.21/568
whete, obj. 159/2$ *greet, 188/130
./??.
grete, a. sing. mete, inf. 49/159
trete, imper. 15 5/182 weete, o#J. 49/156
grete, a. pi. whete, obj. 159/34
hete, 00. 49/139 whete, oil. 180/41
mete, nom. 22/584 ygete, pp. 188/131
*sette, inf. mete, a. sing.
67/170
*sette, pp. 67/173 swete, oi;'. 187/i 6
trete, imper. 166/34 wete, a. pi. 187/i8
heirylete, ^/. mete, imper.
gete, f/ 190/95 *greet, .
jw?. 61/i6
hete, obi. 190/93 *sweet, inf. 61/i8
hete, 1 *. pres. mete, sw6;'.
gete, /. 94/935 trete, imper. 177/171
hete, obi. 94/933 mete, m/.
hete, oil. mete, a. sing. 49/158
*greet, 0. jZ. 93/912 weete, obi. 49/156
trete, subj. 93/914 olivete, obj.
trete, inf. 193/175 swete, inf. 189/67
hete, oil. swete, fl._pZ. 189/68
gete, MI/. 94/935, 190/ 9 5 sete, a. sing.
grete, inf. 159/25 sweete a. sing.
59/419
grete, a. pi. 49/140 sete, a. pi.
heirylete, inf. 19 0/9 6 wete, subj. 160/76
hete, 1 s. pres. 94/936 sete, Mf
lete, v. 3 pi. pres. 211/125 *greet, a. pi. 120/459
lete, inf. 206/529 *surtreet, imper. 120/460
swete, a. pi. 206/527 shete, obj.
whete, obj. 159/23 3 pi. pres. 112/221
lete, v.
lete, v. 3 pi. pres. wete, 0W. 112/219
hete, obi. 211/126 shete, obi.
shete, o0/. 112/222 swete, ew/. 208/446
wete, obi.
112/219 trete, inf. 203/443
 RYME INDEX. 313

swete, a. sing. trete, inf.

gete, inf. 14/371 gete, ttro;?er. 186/873
trete, inf. 4/75 *greet, adv. 186/871
wete, inf. 4/74 *greet, *- pi- 199/349, 218/183
swete, a. pi. heete, 007. 166/198
gete, inf. 173/77 hete, obj. 193/174
hete, obi. 206/530 shete, oil. 208/445
lete, inf. 206/529 swete, inf. 15 6/201, 208/446
meete, a. pi. 172/45 swete, smy. 4/72
.

olivete, obj.189/65 wete, imper. 4/74

sweete, inf. 66/314 wete, 0._pJ. 91/848
swete, inf. 189/67 wete, .
^.
wete, a. pi. 149/1 whete, obi 10/251
swete, adv. wete, pi.

meete, obj. 199/336 mete, 0. *iwy. 187/1 9

swete, obj. swete, oi;'. 187/1 6
wete, a. pi 187/i8 swete, a. pi 149/3
mete, a. sing. 187/iQ trete, m/. 91/850
swete, swJ/. wete, obi
alete, inf.174/IO3 lete, v. 3 pi pres. 112/221
gete, 174/IO2
|jr.
shete, 0i/. 112/222
whete, 007. 18/484
wete, obj.
swete, w/. gete, m/. 76/427
gete, /. 59/425, 158/i 8 wete, v. 3 ^?. ^r<?s.
greete, a. 59/422
pi.
sweete, a. sing. 121/477
heete, obi. 166/198
wete, imper.
olivete, obj. 189/65
swete, a. pi. 189/68
greete, a. pi 212/147
shete, obi. 208/445 wete, subj.
trete, inf. 156/2OO, 208/443 sete, a.-jpj. 160/77
whete, nom. 158/1 6 wete, inf.
threte, w/1 swete, a. sing. 4/72
bete, */. 3 8 33 V trete, inf. 4/75

whete, 0?rc.
trete, v. 3 ^?. j?rw.
bete, v. 3 ^>. ^>m. 204/495 gete, inf. 158/i8
gete, v. 3 ^. ^m. 158/2, 204/ swete, Vw/". 168/19
494 whete, 0W.
whete, obj. 158/5 mete, a. sing. 180/42
trete, subj. swete, subj. 18/486
gete, /. 87/742 wete, a. sing. 16/252
*greet, a. pi. 98/912 whete, obj.
hete, obi. 93/915 gete, v. 3 pi pres. 158/2
trete, imper. grete, inf. 159/25
grete, a. i^. 155/i8i hete, 007. 159/26
grete, a. pi.166/35 raete, oil. 159/35
mete, subj. 17 7/169 trete, v. 3 pi pres. 158/4
314 RYME INDEX.

frette, w/.
*greet, a. pi.
188/130 lette, inf. 56/354
mete, obi. 18 8/128 sette, w/. 56/352
grette, swy.
.

-eth (see -ith) fette, pp. 76/431

sette, imper. 76/429
beth, subj.
g(r)ette, 0. #Z.
seth, 3 pi. pres. 92/873
v.
ysette, j^p. 74/381
therwith, adv. 92/870
lette, imper.
with, prep. 199/351
flette, imper. 18/473
deth, obi.
sette, imper. 18/471
sleth, v. 3 pi. pres. 215/239 lette, swJ/.
seth, 3 s. pres.
oversette, sw5/. 6/144
beth, subj. 92/872
sette, inf. 6/142, 7 9/5 06
therwith, #r/;. 92/870
wette, ^p. 79/509
sleth, v. 3 pi. pres.
lette, inf.
deth, obi. 215/241
frette, w/ 56/355
sette, inf. 26/708, 56/352, 67/
-ethe
1
183
alethe, w/ .
lette, ^.
brethe, inf. 202/433 frette, imper. 211/117
brethe, w/. sette, swJ;'. 211/114
alethe, inf. 202/434 mette, 0W.
fette, imjer. 210/88
-ette
sette, ^/ 65 / I 33> 68 / I 97> 210 / 86
bette, adv. mette, imper.
sette, ;. 3 pi. pres. 118/267 sette, m/. 109/134
sette, *w/. 97/1009 oversette, swJ;'.

ysette, JK>>. 192/139 lette, subj. 6/145

bewette, #p. sette, w/. 6/142
sette, #p. 110/176 sette, v. 3 pi. pres.
dette, obi. bette, <A. 97/10 1 1

sette, sw5/. 24/631 fette, a. sing.118/269

fette, imper. ysette, pp. 58/269
lette, /??. 211/n6 sette, imper.
mette, obi. 210/89 fette, inf. 122/500
sette, wi/. 211/114 fette, 76/43 1
jpj9.

sette, inf. 210/86 flette, imper. 18/473

fette, / grette, a. sing. 76/432
sette, imper. 122/498 lette, imper. 18/474
fette, ^. violette, obj. 87/1014
grette, a. sing. 76/432 y wette, pp. 5 0/182
sette, imper. 76/429 sette, swi/.
sette, wi/. 11 1/ 190 dette, obi. 24/633
flette, imper. fette, imper. 211/117
lette, imper. 18/474 fette, jt?j9. 111/192

sette, imper. 18/471 lette, pp. 211/116

 RYME INDEX. 315

ysette, pp. 1 68/107 -eu (see -u)

wette, pp. 168/1 09
greu, v. 3 pi. pt.
sette, inf.
superflu, a. pi. 168/u8
bette, adv. 97/ion
fette, imper. 210/88
frette, inf. 66/355 -eve (see -ieve)
*grete, a. pi.
.67/172
lette, subj. 6/145, 79/508 bereve, inf.
lette, inf. 26/710, 66/354, 67/ Ieve, obj. 152/ioo
185 Ieve, v. 3 pi. pres. 152/102
mette, oo7. 68/199, 210/89 bileve, obj.
mette, imper. 109/136 greve, inf. 82/6og
mette, inf. 66/132 byleve, v. 3 pi. pres.

oversette, swi/. 6/144 meve, imper. 198/307

sette, pp. 67/173 cheve, v. 3 pi. pres.
umbiwette, imper. 86/675 myscheve, v. 3 pi. pres.
68/65
wette, o0. 66/125 preve, inf. 63/68
wette, pp. 79/509, 193/i68 cheve, aw/.
ywette, pp. 191/122 cleve, imper. 196/234
sette, #p. preve, aw/. 88/615
bewette, pp. 110/178 cleve, v. 3 >. 2?m.
*greett, a. my. 116/311 streve, v. 3 pi. pres. 101/1127
*grete, a. pi. 67/172 cleve, imper.
sette, inf. 67/170 cheve, inf. 196/232
sette, ^.
145/135, 145/137 cleve, inf.
wette, pp. 93/916 eve, 007. 219/340
umbiwette, imper. remeve, 219/341
inf.
sette, wrf 86/673 eve, obi.
violette, 00^'. cleve, inf. 219/ 33 8
sette, imper. 3 7/1015 greve, awty'. 23/6 zz, 189/53
wette, 007. greve, inf. 106/24
1
sette, inf. 66/126 Ieve, inf. 89/51
wette, #p. myscheve, wi/. 28/614
lette, subj. 79/5o8 remeve, imper. 190/102
sette, swJ/.16b/i 10 remeve, inf. 219/341
sette, inf.79/506, 193/167 streve, inf. 19 0/103
sette, pp. 93/917 greve, subj.
ysette,^?. 168/107 eve, 0o/. 28/613, 189/54
ysette, pp. Ieve, inf. 1 89/51
bette, ^v. 192/140 myscheve, swJ/. 28/614
a. pi. 74/379 greve, *'/
g(r)ette,
sette, v. 3 pi. pres. 53/2 67 bileve, obj. 82/6o8
sette, subj. 168/no eve, 007. 105/22
wette, pp. 168/109 Ieve, v. 3 ^?. pm.
wette, pp. bereve, inf. 15 2/103
sette, m2?0r. 50/i8i Ieve, 00j'. 152/IOO
sette, inf. 19 1/ 120 preve, inf. 176/148
316 RYME INDEX.

leve, imper. preved, pp.

leve, inf.71/276 cheved, 217/297
preve, inf. 172/49 ypreved, pp.
leve, inf. moeved,^. 198/302
eve, obi. 189/54
-even (see -evon)
greve, sulj. 189/53
leve, imper. 71/274 eleven (xi), a. pi.-
leve, obj. even, a. pi. 139/954
breve, inf. 15 2/103 even, adv. 147/215, 169/157,
leve, v. 3 pi. pres. 152/IO2 206/540
meve, imper. seven (vn), a. pi. 147/213, 186/
byleve, 0. 3 pi. pres. 198/308 206
preve, *w/ 50/i8o even, obi.

revieve, inf. 60/177 heven, obi. 154/134

myscheve, p. 3 pi. pres. even, a. sing.

cheve, 0. 3 pi. pres. 68/67 seven (vn), a. pi. 181/72

preve, inf. 63/68 heven, inf. 181/75
myscheve, swi;. heven, obj. 186/203
eve, oil. 23/6i3 even, a. pi.
greve, swJ/. 23/6n eleven (xi), a. pi. 139/956
preve, w/". sevon, a. pi. 135/866
cheve, f. 3 pi. pres. 68/67 uneven, a. pi. 186/867

cheve, /. 8 3/6 1 6 even, adv.

leve, v. 3 ^?. pres.
176/150 eleven (xi), a. pi. 147/21 6,
leve, *Vp0r. 172/48 169/156, 206/542
meve, imper. 60/179 heven, oil. 166/215
myscheve, ?. 3 pi. pres. 68/65 heven, inf.
remeve, inf. 66/308 even, a. sing. 181/74
revieve, imper. 60/177 seven (vn), a. pi. 181/7*
remeve, imper. heven, oil.
eve, 0W. 190/100 even, oil. 164/136
streve, ^/. 19 0/103 even, adv. 166/214
remeve, w/. seven (vn), a. pi. 156/212
cleve, inf. 219/338 heven, obj.
eve, oil. 219/340 even, a. sing. 186/202
preve, inf. 66/307 seven, a. pi. 147/213, 156/212
streve, v. 3 pi. pres. seven (vn), a. pi.
cleve, v. 3 pi. pres. 101/H26 eleven (xi), a. pi. 147/21 6,
streve, '/. 186/204
eve, oW. 190/100 even, adv. 147/215, 166/214,
remeve, imper. 190/IO2 181/ 7 4
heven, inf. 181/75
-eved heven, oil. 166/215
cheved, ^jj.
-ever (see -ebre)
preved, pp. 217/295
moeved, #p. lever, a. sing.

ypreved, pp. 198/304 *elebre, nom. 88/1044

 RYME INDEX. 317

-eve is (see -eves) grewe, v. ^>. pres.

cheve is newe, #. ^. 74/377
cleves, nom. 60/167 mewe, 0W.
preve is eschewe, tw/1125/586
newe, a. 21/574
greves, n. pi. 49/149 pi.
repreve is, 49/151 sewe, inf. 125/585
repreve is newe, a. sing.
aspreve is, 49/152 renewe, inf. 96/977
greves, n. pi. 49/14.9 snewe, imper. 199/332
trewe, a. pi. 96/978
-eves -eve is)
(see newe, a. pi.
cleves, nom. grewe, v. 3 pi. pres. 74/378
cheve is, 50/i68 mewe, oJ. 21/573
greves, n. pi. remewe, w/". 54/280
1
repreve is, 49/151 remewe, imper.
aspreve is, 49/152 *eschew, inf. 29/776
remewe, sulj.
-evon (see -even) fewe, 0. ^??. 138/927
sevon, num. a. rewe, oil. 188/929
even, a. pi. 135/864 remewe, m/l
uneven, a. pi. 186/867 eschewe, inf. 112/245
uneven, a. pi. newe, pi. 54/279
.

even, a. pi. 135/864 renewe, '/.

sevon, oil. 135/866 eschewe, imper. 6/114
-ew (see -ewe) newe, #. smy. 96/975
1 stewe, oi/. 28/769
eschew, inf.
trewe, a.^Z. 6/117, ^6/978
*remewe, imper. 2 9/77 7
rewe, oi;.
-ewe (see -ue, -ew) eschewe, w/. 21/553
arewe, adv. rewe, 0S.
fewe, a. pi. 25/674 fewe, a. pi. 71/288, 188/927
she we, inf. 25/676
remewe, sulj. 188/930
eschewe, inf. sewe, s'w/.
mewe, oil. 125/583 eschewe, inf. 125/586
sewe, inf. 125/585 mewe, 0W. 126/583
eschewe, imp.
shewe, inf.
renewe, inf. 5/n6
arewe, adv. 26/677
trewe, a. pi. 6/117 a. pi.
fewe, 26/674
eschewe, inf.
snewe, imper.
pursue, v. 3 pi. pres. 34/924
newe, swy. 199/330
.

remewe, inf. 112/244

rewe, obj. 22/552 stewe, obj.

fewe, a. pi. renewe, inf. 28/770

arewe, adv. 25/677 trewe, a. pi.
remewe, sulj. 138/930 eschewe, imper. 6/114
rewe, oil. 71/290, 188/929 newe, a. sing. 96/975
she we, inf. 25/676 renewe, inf. 6/116, 96/977
1
A ryme spoilt by the carelessness of the scribe.
21
318 RYME INDEX.

-ewes (see -ew is) prively, adv.

sekirly, adv. 81/843
mewes, n. pi. sekirly, adv.
eschew is, 20/528
prively, adv. 81/841
subtily, adv.
-ew is (see -ewes)
therby, adv. 161/ioi
eschew is territory, oil.
n. pi. *memorie, oil. 120/469
mewes, 20/526
therby, adv.
-i, -y (see -ie) subtily, adv. 161/99
unevenly, adv.
advysely, adv. evenly, adv. 216/232
gisily, adv. 75/409 wely, a. sing.
avisely, adv. busely, adv. 70/265
besily, adv. 4/yi
-ic (see -ik)
besily, adv.
avisely, adv. 4/73 mastic, oil.

esily, adv. 23/6io epatik, a. pi. 201/408

busely, adv. endik, a. sing. 201/41 1
wely, a. sing. 70/266
-ice (see -ise, -yse)
by and by, adv.
myghtely, adv. 16/399 cherice, inf.
clenly, adv. vice, nom. 112/237
contynuelly, adv. 204/473 price, oil.
mightily, adv. 204/471 vice, oil. 6/100
contynuelly, adv. avyse, nom. 6/102
clenly, adv. 204/474 servyce, olj.
mightily, adv. 204/471 avyse, imper. 188/952
1
dri, a., pi. suffice, sulj.
*hie, inf. 99/1075 devyse, imper. 146/i86
*multiplie, inf. 99/1076 suffice, inf.
esily, adv. aryse, inf. 40/io8i
besily, adv. 2 3/6 12 assise, 16/430
evenly, adv. devise, imper. 199/348
unevenly, adv. 216/234 devyse, inf. 18/475, 74/364,
gisily, adv. .
199/347
advysely, adv. 75/407 gise, nom. 99/1067
mightily, adv. gyse, nom. 146/149
clenly, adv. 204/474 rise, inf. 187/13
contynuelly, adv. 264/473 wyse, n. pi. 127/659
myghtely, adv. vice, nom.
by and by, adv. 16/398 cherice, inf. 112/238
1
multipli, inf. vice, oil.
*trie, v. 3 pi. pres. 188/934 avyse, nom. 6/102
*die, subj. 188/937 price, oil. 6/103
1
In these instances the scribe, by omitting the final e, has spoilt an otherwise
correct ryme.
 RYME INDEX. 319

-iced (see
-ysed) asyde, 007.

sufficed, pp. abyde, subj. 16/403

devysed, 1 s.
pres. 61/zi glide, ttnper. 16/404
astride, inf.
-iceth (see prasocoride, obj. 86/953
-iseth)
beside, adv.
sufficeth, v. 3 s.
pres. abyde, *w/. 80/823, $2/245
aviseth, v. 3 s.
pres. 140/14 side, oil. 146/170
tyde, obj. 80/824
-icke (see -ik) besyde, <wfo;.

abide, inf. 37/iooi

thicke, a. sing.
*brik, nom. 15 6/2 02 betyde, w/.
cantaride, obj. 88/890
gliciride, 007. 200/358
-ide, -yde
byde, subj.
abyde, v. 3 pi. pres.
glide, ?;. 3 pL pres. 86/943
devyde, 61/205
inf. hide, inf. 86/940
hide, v. 3 pi. pres. 118/257 cantaride, obj.
slide, inf. 113/256 betyde, inf. 88/892
wride, a. sing. 61/207 cupide, 05;'.
abide, subj. side, obi. 28/626
slide, v. 3 pi. pres. 168/129 v. 3 pi. pres.
devide,
abyde, subj.
syde, 007. 89/805
asyde, obi. 15/401
devide, inf.
devyde, inf. 124/561
glide, imper. 16/404
hyde, i/ 92/885
abide, inf.
devyde, imper.
side, 007. 66/131
aside, adv. 136/88o
syde, obi. 16/386, 88/1028
besyde, adv. 37/iooo
wide, adv. 66/128
ride, inf. 186/878
tide, obi 214/210 devyde, m/.
abyde, inf. abyde, v. 3. pi. pres. 51/2o8
beside, 80/821, abyde, w0}'. 124/563
62/244
devyde, inf. abyde, inf. 75/390
75/387
gide, inf. 64/ 95 side, obi. 76/389, 95/9 6o, 101/
hide, inf.
1128
86/200
side, oU. syde, oil. 162/io6
13/331, 17/435, 75/
389, 186/i 9 8, 209/55 slide, w/ 95/969
wride, a.
slyde, inf. 64/9 6 sing. 61/207
syde, oU. 21/561 gide, obj.
tyde, obj. 80/824 ride, w/. 157/234
1

tyde, 007. 13/334 gide, Vw/ .

aside, adv. abyde, tn/. 64/93

abide, *w/. 136/8 8 1 slyde, inf. 64/96
ride, inf. 186/878 glide, v. Z pi. pres.
asyde, adv.
byde, swo}'. 86/942
stride, subj. 37/ion hide, inf. 86/940
320 RYME INDEX.

glide, imper. tyde, oil. 13/334

abyde, subj. 16/403 wide, adv. 65/128
asyde, obi. 15/401 syde, oil.
glyde, inf. abyde, inf. 21/563
syde, oil. 61/6 devide, v. 3 pi. pres. 89/804
gliciride, oil. devyde, imper. 15/388, 38/
betyde, inf. 200/360 1029
hide, nom. devyde, inf. 162/io8
side, oil. 86/980 glyde, inf. 61/ 7
hide, olj. syde, a. sing. 99/io6o
side, oil. 35/962 tyde, oil. 19/493
hide, v. 3 pi. pres. wyde, adv. 129/6 80
abide, v. S pi. pres. 118/254 wyde, a. pi.
96/980, 181/737
slide, inf. 118/256 syde, a. sing.
hide, imper. syde, oil. 99/1058
wyde, a. pi. 86/715 syde, a. pi.
hide, inf. side, nom. 129/682
abyde, inf. 18 6/201 wyde, a. pi. 129/685
byde, *wJ;. 85/942 wyde, adv. 130/709
glide, v. 3 pi. pres. 85/943 slide, v. 3 pi. pres.
side, oil. 186/198 abide, subj. 168/127
hyde, inf. slide, inf.
devide, inf. 92/883 abide, v. 3 pi. pres. 118/254
humyde, a. sing. devyde, inf. 95/967
wyde, a._pj. 114/283 hide, v. 3 pi. pres. 118/257
prasocoride, olj. slyde, inf.
athide, inf. 85/955 abyde, inf. 64/93
ride, inf. gide, inf. 64/95
abide, *'/. 1 86/881 stride, subj.
aside, adv. 136/8 80 asyde, adv. 88/1009
^
gide, olj. 157/234 tide, oil.
side, worn. abide, inf. 214/209
syde, a. pi. 129/684 tyde, olj.
wide, a. pi. 129/685 abyde, inf. 80/823
side, olj. beside, 80/821
wyde, oil. tyde, oil.
48/io8
side, o07. abyde, */.18/333
abyde, inf. 18/333, l?/437> ? 5 / side, oil. 18/331
390, 186/201, 209/56 syde, oil. 19/491
a. pi.
beside, prep. 146 /iy 2 wide,
cupide, 007'. 23/624 side, nom. 129/682
devyde, imper. 65/130 syde, a. pi. 129/684
devyde, &/. 75/387, 95/962, wyde, adv.
101/1130 devyde, imper. 65/130
hide, worn. 86/979 side, oil. 65/131
hide, 05;. 85/960 wyde, oil.

hide, */. 186/200 side, olj. 48/i 06

 RYME INDEX. 321

wyde, a. pi.
crie, inf.
hide, imper. 86/717 drie, a. pi. 44/8
humyde, a. sing. 11 4/281 crucifie, inf.
syde, oil 06/979, 181/739 flie, obj. 82/864
wyde, adv. defie, inf.
syde, oil.
129/679 drie, 0. pi. 102/1157
syde, a. pi. 180/711 wrie, #2?0r. 102/1159
wride a. sing.
denye, inf.
abyde, v. 3 pi. pres. 51/2o8 drie, #. sm0r. 115/303
devyde, inf. 61/205 multiplie, inf. 115/305
destrie, inf.
-ides (see -ise is and -is is) drie, ^/. 172/26
.

hie, atfo. 172/23

die, ?. 3 _2?m.
besides, adv. jpj.

*avis is, 3 6/9 g 2 husbondrie, worn. 78/343

die, subj.
*gise is, 86/989 1
^enaye, subj. 50/163
2
*multipli, inf. 188/936
-ie, -ye (see -aye, -eye, -i)
trie, v. 3 pi. pres. 188/934
trie, imper. 50/165
accompanye, pp.
die, inf.
plie, inf. 55/306
drie, a. sing. 10/253
remedie, nom. 55/303
adorifie, inf.
drie, inf. 87/1007
eye, obj. 22/599
drie, a.^Z. 110/i8i
fructifie, /. 116/352
applie, imper.
husbondrie, obj. 70/273
multiplie, imper. 178/196
a. sing.
intrie, imper. 116/355
Armenye,
luxurie, nom. 61/13
drie, swJ/. 211/122
maladie, nom. 22/597
aspie, inf.
multiplie, w*/. 82/588, 210/103,
mellifie, inf. 145/159
multiplie, inf. 145/157
216/254
trie, imper. 210/1 02, 216/257
butterflie, obj.
ywrie, #p. 88/895
crie, v. pi. pres. 155/174
hie, 0. drie, obi.
_p/. 147/207
<&;.
caprifie, w/. twye, 132/778
hie, v. 3
#>m. 161/8g
j?Z. drie, v. 3 pi. pres.
remedie, oil. 125/590 frie, v. pi. pres. 216/249
signifie, inf. 125/593 husbondrie, nom. 15/384
theye, 0W. 161/88 trie, inf. 90/8 08

crie, v. 3 trie, pp. 213/1 71

^. jt?m.
butterflie, obj. 155/175 drie, imper.
crie, wJ/. multiplie, imper. 82/875
drie, a. sing.154/158 skye, oW. 82/605
eye, nom. 154/159 testacye, a. *wy. 156/192
1
See footnote to enaye, p. 258.
3
A perfect ryme spoilt by the carelessness of the scribe.
322 RYME INDEX.

drie, sulj. Me, w/. 68/413

Armenye, a. sing. 21 1/ 120 fructifie, v. 3 pi
pres. 108/n6
hie, adv. 117/375 fructifie, */
80/817
trie, imper. 117/376 hie, imper. 208/32
drie, inf. hie, a. jZ. 18/470, 30/8 1 6, 63/
die, inf. 37/ioo8 55, 124/564
edifie, inf. 14/364 hie, adv. 172/23
multiplie, inf. 11 4/2 91 husbondrie, 0W. 6/119, 27/742
plie, imper. 205/522 28/749
strie, inf. 11 4/2 92, 158/io mortifie, /. 67/384
strie, obi. 128/670 multiplie, swi/. 166/24
trie, v. 3 pi. pres. 210/94 multiplie, /. 116/322, 192/
trie, imper. 266/523 154, 196/262
wrie, imper. 18/347, 18/348 plie, tmpgr. 218/306
ywrie, ^.128/667 strie, wt/l 61/io
drie, a. sing. trie, imper. 64/276, 64/294,
crie, swiy.154/156 108/117
denye, 115/306
inf. trie, inf. 102/1165, 124/562
die, inf. 10/255 wrie, imper. 102/1 159
eye, wow. 154/159 wrie, inf. 6/143, 208/ 33
eye, obj. 149/14 jwrie,pp. 218/305
espie, imper. 179/5 drie, adv.
espie, inf. 155/187 outtrie, imper. 19/514
hie, imper. 10/242, 211/io6 edifie, inf.
hie, 0. pi. 10/243, 209/66
drie, inf. 14/363
hie, tuft;. 12/314
espie, imper.
husbondrie, nom. 76/439
drie, a. sing. 179/4
lie, v. 3 pi. pres. 53/264
thrie, adv. 179/2
multiplie, inf. 45/28, 78/479,
97/ioo8, 112/241, 115/305, espie, MI/".

172/40, 180/25, 184/i 3 6, drie, a. sing.166/184

188/31 <
plie,j^. 196/255
ouerwrie, inf. 8/65 wrie, inf. 155/i86
qualifie, inf. 48/127 fecunditie, worn.
sie, w/. 198/326 *be, inf. 11/285
signifie, inf. 4/68 *fertilitee, ofy". 11/284
thrie, dwfo. 179/2 flie, obj.
strie, inf. 172/39, 180/26 crucifie, inf. 32/862
trie, v. 3 pi. pres. 68/263
folie, obj.
trie, imper. 198/327
husbondrie, obi. 1/2
undrie, wjf. 18 9/70
magnifie, inf. 1/4
wrie, inf. 76/438
frie, v. 3 pi. pres.
drie, a. pi.
drie, v. 3 pi. pres. 216/247
adorifie, inf. 110/i82
crie, inf. 44/io trie, imper. 216/250
defie, inf. 102/n6o frie, inf.
destrie, inf. 172/25 drie, a. pi. 68/412
 RYME INDEX. 323

fructifie, v. 3 pi. pres. trie, imper. 216/263

drie, a. pi. 108/114 wrie, era/. 216/26i
trie, imper. 10 8/117 husbondrie, nom.
fructifie, inf. die, v. 3 pi. pres. 73/342
die, inf. 116/354 drie, a. sing. 76/436
drie, a. pi. 80/814 drie, v. Z pi. pres. 16/385
hie, a. pi. 30/8 1 6 maladie, 0J;. 25/685
intrie, imper. 116/355 wrie, inf. 76/438
trie, imper. 190/83 husbondrie, oi/.
wrie, pp. 207/8 die, inf. 70/272
hie, a. sing. husbondrie, oJZ.

multiplie, inf. 209/6o drie, a. pi. 6/118, 27/741, 28/

plie, imper. 209/6 1 748
hie, a. pi. folie, obj. 1/5
butterflie, obj. 147/2 05 magnifie, inf. 1/4
drie, a. sing. 10/240, 209/64 instrie, imper.
drie, a. pi. 18/472, 30/814, 63 / remedie, imper. 180/39
56,124/565 trie, inf. 180/40
fructifie, **/. 30/817 intrie, imper.
hie, imper. 10/242 die, inf. 116/354
186/197
putrifie, inf. fructifie, inf. 116/352
skye, obi. 176/156 [159 lie, v. 3 pi. pres.
trie, */ 124/562, 176/156, 176/ drie, a. sing. 5 8/261
hie, adv. trie, v. 3 pi. pres. 68/263
destrie, inf. 172/25 luxurie, nom.
drie, a. sing. 12/315 die, w/1 61/14
drie, 0. pi. 172/26 magnifie, inf.
drie, swJ;. 117/373 folie, oi;. 1/5
multiplie, imper. 1 86/208 husbondrie, oil. 1/2
trie, imper. 64/97, 117/376 maladie, worn.
trie, w/. 130/707 die, inf. 22/6oo
twye, fldv. eye, oi/. 22/599
186/205
hie, 0. 3 j0. ^?r0*. maladie, obj.
caprifie, /. 161/86 husbondrie, nom. 25/686
theye, obi. mellifie, inf.
161/88
hie, imper. aspie, w/. 145/i6o
drie, .
w0r. 10/240, 211/1 08 multiplie, inf. 145/157
drie, a. pi. 208/30 memorie, o$.
hie, a. pi. 10/241 territory, obi 120/468
wrie, inf. 208/33 mortifie, inf.
hie, sulj. drie, a. pi. 67/385
scarifie, inf. 125/6oi multiplie, v. 3 pi. pres.
2
hie, inf. *done, ^. 162/126
remedie, nom. 86/954
1
*dri, 0. pi. 99/1073
twye, ^v. 35/957
multiplie, wi/1 99/1076
1
A perfect ryme spoilt by the carelessness
of the scribe.
2 The text is hopelessly corrupt in this instance.
324 RYME INDEX.

multiplie, imper. plie,

applie, imper. 178/195 accompanye, pp. 55/305
drie, imper. 82/874 drie, #. j0/.218/303
hie, adv. 186/207 drie, inf. 205/520
twye, adv. 186/205 eye, nom. 104/i6
multiplie, sub/. espie, inf. 196/253
drie, a. pi. 165/22 hie, a. sing. 269/58

signifie, inf. 66/109 multiplie, inf. 174/iox, 209/6o

trie, inf. 65/no remedie, nom. 55/303
trie, imper. 205/523
multiplie, inf.
wrie, imper. 104/19
aspie, inf. 145/i6o
denye, ywrie, jp. 218/305
inf. 116/306 2
purifie, inf.
die, inf. 82/587, 210/ioo, 216/
multiplie, inf. 68/194
256
1 trie, imper. 68/193
a. pi.
*dri, 99/1073
putrifie, inf.
drie, a. sing. 45/27, ^ 8/47 7, 9 V hie, a. pi. 186/199
1007,112/239, 115/303, 172/
multiplie, inf. 182/84
37, 180/23, 184/134, 188/29
qualifie, w/.
drie, a. pi. 115/321, 192/153,
drie, a. sing; 48/129
196/26o
remedie, worn.
drie, inf. 114/289 accompanye, pp. 55/305
drye, v. 3 pi. pres. 84/642
multiplie, 0. 3 j^. ^>m. 35/956
eye, oil. 80/541
55/306
plie, wi/1
eye, olj. 127/651
twye, a^v. 35/957
hie, a. sing. 209/58 oJ/.
remedie,
hie, inf. 99/1075 caprifie, e'w/. 125/592
mellifie, inf. 145/159
signifie, wi/l 125/593
plie, imper. 174/99, 209/6 1
2 remedie, imper.
purifie, inf. 68/191
instrie, imper. 180/37
putrifie, inf. 182/83
trie, w/. 180/40
strie, inf. 114/292, l72/ 39 ,
scarifie, inf.
180/26 hie, swJ;'. 125/6 02
thrie, adv. 54/288
sie, Mi/1
trie, v. 3 pi. pres. 84/639
drie, a. sing. 198/324
trie, imper. 68/193, 210/IO2,
trie, imper. 198/327
216/257 signifie, inf.
trie, wff. 80/544
1 caprifie, inf. 125/592
ouerwrie, aw/ .
drie, a. sing. 4/6j
drie, a. sing. 4/67 multiplie, sulj. 66/107
signifie, inf. 4/68 ouerwrie, inf. 3/65
outtrie, imper. remedie, oil. 125/590
drie, <&>.
19/512 trie, wj/1 6 5/i i o

1
A perfect ryme spoilt by the carelessness of the scribe.
2
Re&dputrijie.
 RYME INDEX. 325

oil.
skye, plie, imper. 206/522
2
drie, imper. 82/603 purifie, 68/191
inf.
a. pi.
hie, 176/158 sie, inf. 198/326
trie, inf. 176/159 wrie, inf. 2 16/261
strie, obi. trie, inf.
drie, inf. 12 8/6 6 9 drie, ?. 3 pi. pres. 90/8o6
ywrie, pp. 128/667 drie, a. pi. 102/1163, 124/
strie, inf. 565
drie, a. sing. 172/37, 180/23 eye, obi. 80/541
drie, a. pi. 61/8 hie, a. pi. 124/564, 176/158
drie, inf. 114/289, 158/8 hie, adv. 180/708
multiplie, inf. 114/291, 172/40, instrie, imper. 180/37
180/25 multiplie, subj. 66/107
testacye, a. sing. multiplie, inf. 80/543
drie, imper. 166/190 reraedie, imper. 180/39
thrie, adv. signifie, inf. 66/109
drie, a. sing. 179/4 skye, obi. 176/156
espie, imper. 179/5 trie, pp.
multiplie, inf. 54/290 drie, v. 3 pi. pres. 218/169
trie, v. 3 pL pres. twye, adv.
deye, v. 3 ^>. _pm. 84/642 drie, obi. 182/777
die, subj. 188/937 hie, adv. 186/207
drie, w/. 210/92 multiplie, v. 3 pi. pres. 35 /
drie, a. sing. 68/261 95&
lie, v. 3 >. _pm. 68/264 multiplie, imper. 1
86/208
multiplie, w/. 84/641, 138/ remedie, nom. 86/954
936 undrie, inf.
trie, imper. drie, #. 1
my. 89/69
die, *wi/. 50/i 66 wrie, imper.
die, t/ 210/ioQ, 216/256 defie, aw/. 102/u6o
drie, v. 3 pi. pres. 216/247 drie, a. pi. 102/1157
drie, subj. 117/373 drie, inf. 18/345
drie, #. sing. 198/324 eye, wow. 104/i6
drie, a. pi. 64/274, 64/293, 108/ plie, imper. 104/i8
114 wrie, imper. 18/348
drie, *w/! 206/520 wrie, inf.
1
*enaye, subj. 60/163 drie, a. sing. 76/436, 166/184
frie, v. 3 pi. pres. 210/249 drie, a. pi. 6/141, 208/30
fructifie, 0. 3 j?Z. ^?m. 108/ espie, inf. 166/187
116 hie, imper. 208/32
fructifie, inf.190/84 hie, inf. 216/264
hie, adz;. 64/98, 117/375 husbondrie, worn. 76/439
hie, inf. 216/264 trie, WW. 216/263
multiplie, inf. 68/194, 210/103, wrie, #>.
216/254 fructifie, inf. 207/io

1
See note to enaye, p. 258. Bead putrijie.
326 RYME INDEX.

ywne, pp. slygh, a. sing.

die, inf. 88/896, 128/66g nygh, adv. 145/i6i

drie, a. pi. 218/303
pile, imper. 218/316 -yghtes (we -ight is)
strie, oil. 128/670
anyghtes, adv.
-ied dightis, 117/381

multiplied, pp. is (see

-ight -yghtes)
wried, pp. 168/146
dight is
wried, pp.
anyghtes, oil. 117/379
multiplied,^?. 168/147

-yer (see -ire) -ight, -yght (see -eight)

myer, oil. bright, a. sing.

*desire, imper. 2/38 dight, imper. 16/416
dight, imper.
-ifte bright, a. sing. 16/414

lifte, a. sing.
light, a. sing. 40/1084,

swifte, a. pi. 188/795

light, olj. 19/506
swifte, a. pi. sight, obj. 19/5o8
lifte, a. sing.
dight, inf.
188/793 oil.
myght, 28/754
-ige sight, oil. 28/751
caprifige, adj. dight, pp.
fige, olj. 125/591 ^weight, olj. 4 l/i 121
fige, olj. downeright, adv.
caprifige, adj. 125/589 myght, oil. 86/971
upright, adv. 86/968
light, nom.
-igges (see -igg is)
myght, oil. 175/107
figges, n. pi 1 o
ydight, pp. 175/1
bigg is, 41/1130 light, obj.
dight, imper. 19/509
-igg is (see -igges)
sight, olj. 19/508
bigg is
light, a. sing.
figges, n. pi. 41/1128 dight, imper. 40/1085
dight, pp. 181/66
-igh, -ygh light, a. sing. 18/328, 18/329
nygh, a. pi.
nyght, olj. 2/30
sligh, a. sing. 146/169 sight, nom. 2/32
nygh, adv. light, a. pi.
sigh, sulj. 28/766 right, adv. 45/49
slygh, a. sing. 145/1 62 myght, oil.

sigh, sulj. dight, inf. 28/753

nygh, adv. 28/764 downeright, adv. 86/970
sligh, a. sing. sight, oil. 28/751
nygh, 0.^. 146/168 upright, adv. 86/968
 RYME INDEX. 327

myght, oil. -ik, -yk (see -icke)

lyght, nom. 175/iog brik, nom.
ydight, pp. 175/no *thicke, a. sing. 156/203
nyght, obj. epatik, a. pi.
light, a. sing. 2/33 Indik, a. sing. 20 1/411
sight, nom. 2/32
mastic, obi. 201/410
right, adv. quyk, a. pi.

light, a. pi.
45/48 splenetyk, a. sing. 168/125
ydight, pp. 62/29 splenetyk, a. sing.
sight, nom. quyk, a. pi. 168/126
light, a. sing. 2/33
nyght, obj. 2/30 -ike, -yke (see -eke)
sight, oi/. Celtike, a. sing.

^
dight, inf. 28/753 epatike, a. pi. 200/361
smyke, obi. 200/362
sight, 0J/.
dight, imper. 18/509 ike, a. pi.
light, oiy. 19/506 Celtike, a. sing. 200/359
oil. smyke, obi. 200/362
myght, 28/754
upright, adv. galatike, a. sing.
like, #. *w0r. 45/32
downeright, adv. 86/970
like, v. 3 pL
pres. 45/33
myght, obi. 86/971
Indik, a. sing.
ydight, #p.
nom. 175/iog epatik, a. pi. 201/408
light,
mastic, obi. 201/410
nyght, obi. 1 75/107
like, a. sing.
right, adv. 62/31
galatike, a. sing. 45/30
like, v. 3 pi. pres. 45/33
-igne (*** -ynge, -yne)
rubrike, obi.
156/197
assigne, imper. like, a. pi.
medicyne, inf. 208/450 prike, inf. 135/858
reclyne, inf. 208/452 like, v. 3 ^?/. j!?r0s.
assigne, inf. galatike, a. sing. 45/30
1
^benynynge, a. sing. like, 0.
81/556 fw0r. 45/32
benygne, adj. rubrike, a. sing. 217/274
declyne, inf. 171/i8 like, subj.
vyne, obj. 17l/i6 prike, ww^r. 182/87
digne, a. sing. pike, w/.
canteryne, a. sing. 187/6 rubrike, oJ. 122/512
carbunculyne, a. seke, a. sing. 137/905
sing. 216/
272 thamarike, obi. 218/316
signe, nom. prike, imper.
vyne, obi.
174/go like, subf. 182/85
signe, obj. prike, w/.
obi.
vyne, 188/22 like, a. pi. 135/856

A ryme spoilt by the scribe ;

read benygne.
328 RYME INDEX.

rubrike, a. sing. mylde, a. pi.

like, v. Z pi. pres. 217/276 childe, oil. 194/207

strike, n. pi. 181/63 wilde, a. pi. 194/205
rubrike, oil. wilde, a. sing.
like, a. sing.166/199 y tilde, pp. 110/164
wilde, a. pi.
pike, inf. 122/514
ulpike, obj. 110/i66 childe, oil. 4/70, 68/399, 194/
unlike, a. sing. 110/165 207
slyke, a. pi. mylde, nom. 188/127
strike, oil. 2 6/6 8 7 mylde, a. pi. 194/2O8
smyke, oil. ytilde, pp.
Celtike, a. sing. 200/359 wilde, a. sing. 110/i62
epatike, a. pi. 200/361
strike, n. pi. -ildren (see eldron)
rubrike, a. sing. 18 1/6 2 children, n. pi.
strike, oil.
eldron, n. pi. 26/714
slyke, a. pi. 26/689
thamarike, oil.
-ildron (see eldron)
pike, inf. 216/318
ulpike, obj. children, n. pi.
rubrike, oil. 110/163 eldron, n. pi. 6/125
unlike, a. sing. 110/165
unlike, a. sing -He, -yle (see -ille)
rubrike, oil. 110/163 Aprile, oil.
ulpike, olj. 110/i66 while, nom. 164/3
begile, v. 3 pi. pres.
-iia
otherwhile, adv. 175/I2I
fild, pp. while, oil. 175/124
spild, pp. 118/402 dyle, olj.
spild, pp. skyle, nom. 110/i68
fild, pp. 118/400 exile, a sing.
smyle, inf. 201/390
-ilde, -ylde
while, oil. 188/35, 201/389
cbilde, oil. over while, adv.
mylde, olj. 146/152 begile, v. 3 pi. pres. 17 5/123
mylde, a. sing. 145/153 while, oil.
175/124
mylde, a. pi. 194/2 08 skyle, nom.
wilde, a. pi. 4/69, 68/398, 194/ dyle, obj. 110/167
205 smyle, inf.
mylde, nom. exile, a. 5^.201/387
wilde, a. pi. 188/129 while, oil. 201/389
mylde, olj. squyle, oil.
childe, oil. 146/150 *ille, adv. 100/1113
mylde, a. sing. 146/153 stile, olj.
mylde, a. sing. Virgile, n. pr. 88/769
childe, oil. 146/150 vile, a. pi.
mylde, olj. 146/152 while, oil. 176/155
 RYME INDEX. 329

Yirgile n. pr. -yme (see -y me)

stile, obj. 88/770
betyme, adv.
while, nom.
tyme, olj. 80/820
Aprile, obi. 164/1
lyme, oil.
while, oil.
tyme, 007. 15/406
begile, v. 3 pi. pres. 175/123
exile, a. sing. 188/34, 201/387
pryme, nom.
tyme, oi/. 157/227
otherwhile, adv. 175/I2I
pryme, 007.
smyle, inf. 201/390
vile, a. pi.
by me, 168/143
176/157
tyme, oil.
lyme, ooZ. 15/405
-ille, -ylle (see -yle)
tyme, olj.
fille, inf.
betyme, adv. 80/822
ille, a. sing. 117/364 pryme, nom. 157/22$
ille, a. sing.

fille, inf. 117/363

ille, 0. pi. -y me (see -yme)
kille,M*/ 82/858 by me
squylle, obj. 82/856 pryme, obi.
168/141
ille, <&;.

oil.
*squyle, 100/iuz
stille, ^y. 114/288 -in, -yn (see -yne, -ynne)
kille, inf. comyn, oil.

ille, 0. ;? 82/859 lupyn, oil.

28/609
squylle, obj. 82/856 fyn, #. sing.
spille, pp. therein, adv. 59/417
wille, wow. 170/i65 *wyne, oil.
59/415
squylle, oil. immuyn, 0. ^.
wille, * 101/1134 Juyn, oil. 157/239
squylle, obj. Juyn, 007.
ille, tf.^/. 82/859 immuyn, a.
sing. 157/237
kille, inf. lupyn, oil.
82/858
stille, #<&?. comyn, oil.
23/6o8
ille, adv. 114/290 therein, adv.
wille, worn. fyn, smy. 59/418
.

spille, pp. 170/164 *synne, nom. 156/193

wille, 0i *thynne, sing. 156/194
.

squylle, oil. 101/1133 *wyne, 0^. 59/415

-ille is (see -illys)

-inde, -ynde
wille is
behinde, adv.
hillys, n. pi. 213/i8i'
bynde, inf. 158/114
kynde, a. sing.
-illys (see -ille is) 182/760
kynde, oil.
141/ 3 3, 153/u6
hillys, n. pi. rynde, olj. 118/386
wille is, 213/i82 oil.
rynde, 141/jjj, 208/43
330 RYME INDEX.

behynde, adv. kynde, adv.

kynde, obi. 159/44 behynde, adv. 159/46
lynde, nom. 37/io2i upwynde, inf. 159/47
upwynde, inf. 159/47 kynde, nom.
blynde, a. pi. bynde, inf. 7 4/362
kynde, oil. 150/34 rynde, oil. 88/1047, 95 /953>
bynde, imper. 104/13
fynde, inf. 8/206 rynde, obj. 74/359
rynde, olj. 161/ioo unkynde, a. sing.
88/1048
wynde, imper. 161/103 kynde, obj.
bynde, inf. finde, inf. 3 7/1013
behinde, adv. 153/i 17 mynde, obj. 66/140
fynde, subj. 12/321, 212/152 mynde, oil. 65/124
kynde, nom. 74/361 wynde, oil.
87/1 o I o, 66/121
kynde, oil. 153/n6, 212/151 kynde, 057.
rinde, oil. 74/384 awfe.
behinde, 141/34, 153/iiy,
rynde, obj. 74/359 blynde, #. >.
150/35
rynde, oil. 212/141 bynde, w/. 15
3/ 1 1 4, 212/149
fynde, v. 1 *. pres.
fynde, v. I pi. pres. 161/96
kynde, a. sing. 148/221 fynde, subj. 212/154
fynde, v. 2 pres. sing. fynde, inf. 15/393
rynde, obj. 70/2 60 lynde, nom. 18/336
fynde, v. 1 pi. pres. mynde, oil.
195/231
kynde, oil. 161/95 mynde, obj.168/133, 1 98/163
rynde, oil. 161/93 rynde, oil.
55/328, 78/349, 97/
fynde, subj. 1023, 141/31, 161/93
,

bynde, inf. 12/322, 212/149 unbinde,

e, inf. 71/293
kynde, oil. 212/151 wynde, imper. 193/i66
kynde, a. sing. 185/i8o
lynde, nom.
rynde, oil. 185/177
behynde, adv. 37 / 1022
fynde, inf.
kyride, obi. 18/335
bynde, imper. 8/204
mankynde, nom.
kynde, oil. 15/395, 96/989 oil.
rynde, 193/i88
kynde, 0J/. 37/ioi2
rynde, worn. 96/992 mynde, obj.
kynde, olj. 66/147, 163 /i3 2
rynde, oil. 109/154, 118/263
wynde, v. 3 pi. pres. 113/26i 193/i65
wynde, oil. 37/ioio wynde, imper. 193/i66
kynde, a. sing. mynde, oil.
behinde, adv. 132/758 kynde, oil. 195/230
finde, subj. 185/179 kynde, olj. 65/123
kynde, a. sing.
fynde, v. 1 s. pres. 148/2ig 145/139
obi. rynde, oil.
145/136
mynde, 145/138
rynde, oil. 120/462, 145/136, wynde, oil. 65/i2i
185/i 77 rynde, nom.
wynde, imper. 116/338 finde, inf. 96/991
oil.
wynde, inf. 116/341 kynde, 96/989
 RYME INDEX. 331

rynde, obj. wynde, inf.

behinde, adv. 118/388 kynde, a. sing.
116/340
bynde, imper. 161/ioz wynde, imper. 116/338
bynde, inf. 74/362 wynde, obi.
fynde, v. 2 sing. pres. 70/2 62 finde, inf. 87/1013
kynde, nom. 74/361 kynde, obj. 37/ioi2, 66/123
wynde, imper. 16 1/103 mynde, obi. 66/124
rinde, obi.
-ine, -yne (see -igne, -ygne)
bynde, inf. 74/385
argentine, a. sing.
rynde, obi.
entyne, inf. 15 4/104
behinde, adv. 141/34, 208/45
bryne, obj.
bynde, inf. 212/143 vyne, obj. 107/99
finde, subj. 186/179 canteryne, a. sing.
finde, inf. 96/991, 109/153 digne, a. sing. 187/7
fynde, v. 1 pi. pres. 161/96
lupyne, nom. 181/59
fynde, inf. 118/264 carbunculyne, a. sing.
kynde, a. sing. 120/461, 145/ digne, a. sing. 216/273
139, 185/i8o
columbyne, nom.
kynde, nom. 88/1045, 95/955, myne, nom. 14/374
104/14 declyne, v. 3 pi. pres.
kynde, obi. 66/329, 78/350, 97/ lupyne, obi. 122/508
1025, 141/33, 161 /95
uryne, nom. 122/506
mankynde, nom. 198/189 vyne, obj. 72/302
mynde, obi.
146/138 declyne, imper.
rynde, nom. 96/992
lyne, obi. 71/296
unkynde, a. sing. 88/1048 vyne, obi. 71/299
wynde, v. 3 pi. pres. 11 8/261 declyne, subj'.
unbinde, inf. enclyne, imper. 28/765
kynde, 011. 71/294 enclyne, subj. 12/296
unkynde, a. sing. enmyne, imper. 28/768
kynde, nom. 88/1045 shyne, v. 3 pi. pres. 12/299
rynde, obi. 88/1047 declyne, inf.
benygne, a. sing. 17 1/ 19
upwynde, inf.
medicyne, 102/1169
obj.
behinde, adv. 159/46
nyne (ix), a. pi.
157/226
kynde, obi. 159/44
shyne, inf. 157/229
wynde, v. 3 pi. pres.
vyne, obi. 70/251
fynde, inf. 118/264 vyne, obj. 171/1 6
rynde, obi. 118/263 declyne, obi.
wynde, imper. duracyne, a. sing. 211/i2i
bynde, imper. 101/102 vespertyne, a. sing. 211/123
kynde, a. sing. 116/340 discyplyne, nom.
ne
nyne (ix a. pi. 161/87
kynde, obi. 193/i6s ),

mynde, obj. 198/163 duracyne, a. sing.

rynde, obj. 161/ioo declyne, obi. 211/124

wynde, inf. 116/341 vespertyne, a. sing. 211/123
 332 RYME INDEX.

dwyne, inf. mastycyne, oil.

ne
nyne (ix ), a. pi. 75/411 lauryne, a. sing. 109/145
vyne, obj. 75/408 reclyne, sulj. 109/142
enclyne, imper.
medicyne, oil.
declyne, sulj. 28/767
pyne, oil. 137/9U
enmyne, imper. 28/768
enclyne, subj. medicyne, olj.

declyne, subj. 12/298 declyne, inf. 102/n68

shyne, v. 3 pi. pres. 12/299 medicyne, inf.
enmyne, imper. assigne, imper. 203/453
declyne, subj. 28/767 reclyne, inf. 203/452
enclyne, imper. 28/765 myne, nom.
entyne, inf. columbyne, nom. 14/372
argentine, a. sing. 152/IO5
myne, inf.
fyne, inf.
reclyne, inf. 73/333
maryne, a. sing.
197/291 vyne, nom. 73/331
wyne, nom. 197/286 nine (ix), a. pi.
wyne, oil. 197/289, 200/363
declyne, inf. 157/228
fyne, a. sing.
a. sing. discyplyne, nom. 161/85
squillyne, 169/134
divyne, inf. 75/410
fyne, a. pi. 2
pasty ne, inf. 48/i 13
lauryne, a. sing. 209/70
shyne, inf. 157/22g
lauryne, a. sing.
a. vyne, olj. 75/408
fyne, 209/69
pi.
mastycyne, oil. pastyne, inf.
109/144 2

reclyne, subj. 109/142 nyne, a. pi. 48/115

lyne oil. pyne, oil.

medicyne, oil.
declyne, imper. 71/298 137/gio
triclyne, obj. 15/391 recline, imper.
vyne, obi. a. pi.
71/299 tarentyne, 57/372
.lyne, obj. reclyne, sulj.
vyne, oil.
66/140 lauryne, a. sing.
109/145
lupyne, nom. mastycyne, oil. 109/144
canteryne, a. sing. 181/57 reclyne, inf.
lupyne, oil. assigne, imper. 203/453
declyne, v. 3 pi. pres. 122 / medicyne, inf. 208/450
509 myne, inf. 73/334
1
*fyne is, 153/131 shyne, inf. 89/797
uryne, nom. 122/506 vyne, nom. 73/331
1
^wynys, n.pl. 153/130 wyne, olj. 125/6o8
maryne, a. sing. shyne, v. 3 pi. pres.
fyne, w/. 197/292 declyne, sulj. 12/298
wyne, 0W. 197/289 enclyne, sulj. 12/296

1
In this instance there can be no doubt that the correct reading is hipynes.
8 MS. nyde.
 RYME INDEX. 333

shyne, inf. fyne, t/

197/292, 200/364
declyne, inf. 185/228 maryne, a. sing.
197/291
nyne (ix), a. pi. 157/226 reclyne, inf. 12 5/6 09
reclyne, inf. 89/798 ^therein, <fo.
59/417
squillyne, a. sing. thyne, ?yw. 7/175
2
fyne, a. sing. 169/136 *wyne is, 199/340
tarentyne, a. pi. ynne, adv. 127/657
recline, imper. 57/374
thyne, pron. -ynes (see -ine is, -yne is, -ynne is)
wyne, obj. 7/174 vynes, n. pi.
triclyne, obj.
*pynne 37/ioo6
is,
lyne, obi. 15/392 vine 67/171
is,
uryne, nom.
wynes, n. pi. 37/1005, 68/77,
declyne, v. S pi. pres. 122/509
71/286, 171/H
lupyne, oil. 122/508
wyne is, 7/171, 48/126
uryne, obj.
wynes, ft. pi.
vyne, nom. 219/337
*pynne is, 37/ioo6
vespertyne, a. sing.
vynes, n. pi. 87/1003, 68/76,
declyne, obi. 211/124
71/287, 171/13
duracyne, a. sing. 211/i2i
vyne, nom. -ine is, -yne is (see -ynes, -ynys)
uryne, obj. 219/339
enclyne is
vyne, obi. 2
1
wyne, oil.
^benynge, a. sing.
Ill/2o6 199/338
declyne, imper. 71/298 wyne is, 199/340
lyne, obi. 71/296 fyne is
3
lupyne, oil. 153/128
lyne, oi/. 66/139
wynys, n. pi. 158/130
signe, wow. 174/91
vine is
signe, obj. 188/24
vyne, obj. vynes, n. pi. 67/i6g
vyne is
benygne, a. sing. 171/ig
vynys, n. pi. 69/225
bryne, obj'. 107/ioi
wyne is
declyne, v. 3 pi. pres. 72/304
declyne, inf. 70/252, 17l/i8 enclyne is, 199/341
divyne, ^/. 7 5/410 vynes, n. pi. 7/169, 48/12 5
ne o/. 199/338
nyne (ix ), a. j3^. 75/4 1 *
wyne, worn.
-ynys (see -yne is)
fyne, inf. 197/287
myne, imper. 78/334 vynys, n. pi.
reclyne, wj/l 78/333 vyne is, 69/227
wyne, oJ/. wynys, n. pi.
2
*enclyne is, 199/341 fyne is, 158/131
3
*fyn, a. sing. 59/418 lupyne, oil. 153/128

1
Read benygne, which will give a perfectly good ryme.
2
Apparently we should read wynes in 1. 338.
3
In this instance there can be no doubt that the correct reading is lupynes.

22
334 RYME INDEX.

husbondyng, oil.
-ing, yng (see -inge, -ynge)
*kepynge, oil. 18/468
anything, oil. kytting, oil.
slevyng, obj. 67/163 growing, a. pi. 69/241
^springe, inf. 67/i66 oil.
likyng,
boring, obi.
*flynge, subj. 182/762
*bringe, inf. 97/1014
spryng, inf. 182/761
bring, inf.
everything, oil. l/i i meddissyng, pres. p.
housyng, oil.
l/g
spryngyng, oil. 29/798
chillyng, a. sing. pastynyng, obj.

*graffinge, obj. 98/1047 *sowynge, nom. 151/75

*sprynge, v. 3 pi. pres. 15 1/
*sprynge, imper. 98/1048
clevyng, oil. 74
germynyng, oil. 116/316 pastynyng, oil.

connyng, obj. *dichinge, oil. 46/73

gynnyng, nom. 17 8/2 12 ryvullyng, oil.
spryng, inf. 178/215 *sprynge, inf. 196/259
*uphinge, inf. 17 8/2 17
slevyng, obj.
coveryng, oil.
anything, obi 67/165
*bringe, inf. 14/369
^springe, inf. 67/i66
worching, oil. 14/366
defervyng, oil. slevyng, obi.
cherisshinge, nom. 186/165
*boylinge, nom. 204/488
*brynge, inf. 204/487 *sprynge, inf. 185/1 66

doungmg, oil. spryng, inf.

*brynge, inf. 11 4/301 *brynge, inf. 128/674
oil. connyng, obj. 178/214
everything,
*flynge, subj. 182/762
bring, inf. I/ 12
oil. germynyng, oil. 128/676
housyng, 1/9
oil.
gynnyng, nom. 178/212
germynyng,
likyng, 0^. 182/759
*brynge, inf. 128/674
*uphinge, inf. 178/217
clevyng, oil. 115/318
spryng, inf. 128/677 spryngyng, oil.
meddissyng, pr. p. 29/797
gynnyng, nom.
connyng, obj. 178/214 tyllyng oil.
spryng, inf. 178/2 15 *brynge, /
29/774
*uphinge, inf. 178/217 *pastynynge, oil. 29/772
growing, a. pi. tuppyng, wow.
kytting, oil. 69/239 %prynge, subj. 145/155
helping, oil. vessellyng, oil.
*brynge, inf. 21/548 *bespringe, inf. 191/iog
*wrynge, obj. 19 1/ 107
*flynge, inf. 21/550
housyng, oil. worching, oil.

bring, inf. I/ 12 ^bringe, inf. 14/369

everything, oil. l/i i
coveryng, oil. 14/368
 11YME INDEX. 335

-inge,-ynge(^-igne,-ing, -yng) sprynge, sulj. 117/366

1 sprynge, inf. 103/1175, 112/
benynge, a. sing. 225, 124/559
vyne, oil. 111/204 *tyllyng, oil. 29/775
1
benynynge, a. sing. oil.
burgynynge,
*assigne, inf. 81/554
chinge, inf. 74/373
bespringe, inf.
oil.
springinge, oil. 74/375
*vessellyng, 191/uo
cherisshinge, nom.
wrynge, olj. 19 1/ 107
*slevyng, oil. 186/163
blossomynge, oil.
delvynge, oil. 87/738 sprynge, inf. 185/i66
boylinge, nom. chinge, inf.
burgynynge, oil. 74/376
brynge, inf. 204/487
defervynge, oil. 204/485 springinge, oil. 74/375
boilynge, olj. delvynge, oil.
vessellinge, oil. 118/410 blossomynge, oil. 87/736
wrynge, oil. 118/408 dichinge, oil.
bredynge, oil. *pastynyng, oil. 46/71
brynge, inf. 24/6 32 durynge, olj.
legginge, oil. 24/634 sprynge, v. 3 pi. pres. 210/97
brynge, v. 3 pi. pres. flynge, v. 2 s. pres.
[sjprynge, v. 3 s.pres. 136/8 9 6 sprynge, v. 3 pL pres. 151/55
bringe, imper. flynge, sulj.
sittynge, a. sing. 22/586 *likyng, oil. 132/759
springe, oil. 22/585 *spryng, inf. 132/761
bringe, inf. flynge, inf.
*boring, oil. 97/1015 brynge, inf. 21/548, 202/422
*coveryng, oil.
14/368 growinge, oil. 202/424
springe, inf. 79/504 ^helping, oil. 21/551
*worching, oil. 14/366 gerraynynge, oil.
brynge, inf. thinge, oil. 126/630
boylinge, nom. 204/488 graffynge, worn.
bredynge, oil. 24/635 brynge, inf. 117/368
*defervyng, oil. 204/485 sprynge, sulj. 117/366
*dounging, oil. 114/300
graflinge, olj.
flynge, inf. 21/550, 202/425
oil.
*chillyng, a. sing 98/1045
*germynyng, 128/676
sprynge, imper. 98/1048
graffynge, nom. 117/369
growinge, oil.
growinge, oil. 202/424
^helping, oil. 21/551
brynge, inf. 202/422
oil. flynge, inf. 202/4 2 5
legginge, 24/634
pastynynge, oil. 29/772 husbondynge, nom.
servynge, nom. 113/251 thynge, oil. 6/146
*spryng, inf. 128/677 kepynge, oil.
springe, imper. 99/1071 *husbondyng, oil. 18/469

Read benygne, which will give perfectly good rymes.

336 RYME INDEX.

legginge, oil springe, inf.

obi.
bredynge, obi. 24/635 ^anything, 67/165
brynge, inf. 24/6 32 bringe, inf. 79/503
mynge, imper. *slevyng, obj. 67/163
wattrynge, imp. p. 11 9/420 springe, v. 3 pi. pres. 194/zog
pastynynge, obi. tillynge, obj. 81/560
brynge, inf. 29/774 sprynge, tw/.
*tyllyng, obi. 29/175 brynge, imper. 108/1176
planntynge, obi. brynge, *>*/'. 112/227, 124/560
taryinge, obj. 112/233 cherissninge, worn. 186/165
wedynge, obi. 112/235 *ryvullyng, obi 196/258
servynge, nom. *slevyng, obi 186/163
brynge, inf. 118/252 springinge, obi
synge, inf. burgynynge, obi 74/376
watermynge, pp. 94/939 chinge, inf. 74/373
sittynge, a. sing. taryinge, obj.
bringe, imper. 22/583 planntynge, obi 112/2 36
springe, obi. 22/585 wedynge, oW. 112/235
smellinge, a. sing. thinge, oW.
wanynge, obi. 89/780 germynynge, obi 126/629
oJ/.
sowynge, nom. thynge,
*pastynyng, obj. 151/72 husbondynge, nom. 6/147
sprynge, v. 3 pi. pres. 151/74 tillynge, oJ/.
springe, obi. springe, inf. 81/559
tothinge, oJ/.
bringe, imper. 22/583
springe, v. 3 pi pres. 26/664
sittynge, a. sing. 22/586 '

uphinge, inf.
[s]prynge, 3 s. pres.
brynge, v. 3 pi. pres. 186/897 *connyng, obj. 178/214
*gynnyng, nom. 178/212
springe, v. 3 pi. pres.
*spryng, w/. 178/215
springe, inf. 194/2io
vessellinge, obi.
tothinge, obi. 25/665
boilynge, obj. 118/411
sprynge, v. 3 pi. pres.
wrynge, obi. 118/408
durynge, obj. 210/98 wanynge, obi
flynge, v. 2 s. pres. 151/56
smellinge, a. sing. 89/778
*pastynyng, obj. 151/72 waterynge, obj.
sowynge, nom. 151/75 sprynge, subj. 109/139
springe, imper. watermynge, pp.
brynge, inf. 99/1070 synge, inf. 94/941
sprynge, imper. wattrynge, imp. p.
*chillyng, a. sing. 98/1045 mynge, imper. 119/419
graffinge, obj. 98/1047 wedynge, obi.

sprynge, subj. planntynge, obi 112/236

brynge, inf. 117/368 taryinge, obj. 112/233
graffynge, nom. 117/369 wrynge, obj.
*tuppyng, nom. 145/154 bespringe, inf. 19 1/ 109
waterynge, obj. 109/140 *vessellyng, obi. 191/uo
 RYME INDEX. 337

wrynge, oil. drinke, inf.

boilynge, 118/411
olj. brinke, oil. 4/jg
l
vessellinge, obi. 118/410 **jnk, inf. 191/io8
synke, sulj. 2/37
-inges, -ynges stynke, sulj. 8/40
thinke, inf. 4/8 1
strynges, n. pi.
thinges, n. pi. 152/ioi drynke, inf.
thinges, n. pi. brynke, oil. 17/446
J

strynges, n. pi. 152/gg *synk, inf. 105/26

synke, sulj. 17/443
1

-ingeth (see -engeth) ^unwynk, inf. 165/25

synke, 3 pi. pres.
v.
springeth, v. 3 s.
pres. brinke, oil. 47/9 1
mengeth, imper. 82/878 synke, sulj.
brynke, olj. 30/8 1 3
-ynk (see -inke, -ynke) brynke, oil. 17/445
synk, inf. drinke, inf. 8/39
1
*drinke, inf. 191/io6 drynke, inf. 17/446
1
^drynke, inf. 106/23 stynke, sulj. 8/40
unwynk, inf. 106/25 synke, inf.
unwynk, inf. brynke, oil. 17/451, 176/142
1
*drynke, inf. 106/23 thinke, inf. 176/144
synk, inf. 105/26 stynke, sulj.
drinke, inf. 8/39
-inke, -ynke (see -ynk) synke, sulj. 2/37
swynke, inf.
brinke, oil.
drinke, imper. 202/436
drinke, inf. 4/82 thinke, imper. 202/438
synke, v. 3 pi. pres. 47 /go thinke, v. 3 pi. pres.
thinke, inf. 4/8 1 drinke, olj. 194/197
brynke, olj. thinke, imper.
synke, sulj. 80/815 drinke, imper. 202/436
brynke, oil. swynke, inf. 202/439
drinke, v. 3 pi. pres. 10/229
thinke, inf.
drynke, inf. 17/446 brinke, oil. 4/79
synke, sulj. 17/445 oil. 17 6/14.2
brynke,
synke, inf. 17 / 4.4.9, 176/145 drinke, inf. 4/82
thinke, inf. 176/144
synke, inf. 176/145
drinke, olj.
thinke, v. 3 pi. pres. 194/199
drinke, v. 3 pi. pres. -inne, -ynne (see -in, -yne)
brynke, oil. 10/241
drinke, imper. at wynne, adv.
swynke, 202/439
inf. withinne, adv. 66/136
thinke, imper. 202/438 ynne, prep. 214/2 1 3

The ryme has been spoiled by the carelessness of the scribe.

338 RYME INDEX.

begynne, v. 3 s. pres. twynne, imper.

synne, nom. 218/165
wynne, imper. 213 /i 66
begynne, v. 3 pi. pres.
twynne, inf. 174/8 7
begynne, subj.
twynne, inf. 182/764
begynne, inf.
therynne, adv. 1 70/164
winne, inf. 61/4
wynne, nom. 61/5
wynne, v. 3 pi. pres. 108/129
ynne, prep.
atwynne, adv. 214/2
ynne, adv.
pynne, obj. 66/316, 97/1017,
115/328, 193/i8i
skynne, obi. 89/702, 97/1020
*wyne, obi. 127/658
witbinne, adv. 84/925
pynne, obj.
inne, adv. 97/ioig
ynne, adv. 66/318,
193/i82
skynne, obi. 97/IO2O
synne, nom.
begynne, v. 3 s. pres. 218/163
tberin, jt?r^. 166/191
thynne, a. sing.
166/194
wynne, imper. 213/i66
synne, oil.
gynne, inf. 18 6/21 8
twynne, inf. 7/167
skynne, obj.
pynne, obi. 22/602
skynne, obi.
inne, adv. 97/ioig
ynne, adv. 89/794
pynne, obj. 97/1017
tberynne, adv.
begynne, inf. 17 0/162
tbynne, a. sing.
synne, nom. 166/193
prep 166/191
therein, .
twynne, inf. 142/76
wynne, inf. 142/75
withynne, adv. 27/715
twynne, ^/.
begynne, v. 3 pi. pres. 174/85
begynne, subj. 182/763
synne, obi. 7/i68
thynne, a. sing. 142/73
wynne, inf. 142/75
wynne, #. 3 pi. pres.
begynne, inf. 108/127
wynne, imper.
begynne, v. 3 s. pres. 218/163
synne, worn. 218/165
u wynne, inf.
begynne, inf. 61/2
thynne, a. sing. 142/73
twynne, inf. 142/76
wynne, worn. 61/5
wynne, nom.
begynne, inf. 61/2
wynne, inf. 61/4
withinne, flrfy.
116/329, atwynne, adv. 66/134
ynne, adv. 84/927
withynne, adv.
twynne, imper. 27/717
-ynne is (s00 -ynes)
is
pynne
*vynes, n. pi. 87/1003
n. pi.
*wynes, 87/1005
-ipe
begripe, inf.
dripe, v. 3 pi. pres. 64/277
ripe, v. 3 pi. pres. 64/275
dripe, v. 3 pi. pres.
begripe, inf. 64/278
ripe, v. 3 pi. pres. 64/275
gripe, inf.
ripe, #. pi. 186/190
pipe, 0W.
ripe, a. pi. 67/379
ripe, 0. ^Z.
gripe, inf. 186/192
pipe, obi. 57/381
 RYME INDEX. 339

ripe, v. 3 pi. pres. require, v. 3 pi. pres. 106/53

begripe, inf. 54/278 yre, oil. (iron) 153/I2I
dripe, v. 3 pi. pres. 54/277 require, v. 3 pi. pres.
desire, v. 3pl.pres. 106/51, 193/
-ippe
171
pippe, olj. yre, obi. 106/54
slippe, imper. 22/591 revire, inf.
slippe, imper. desire, inf. 53/259
pippe, olj. 22/589
-ireth
-ire, -yre (see -yer)
aspire, ew/. desireth, v. 3 pi. pres.
empire, nom. 206/548 ireth, v. 3 s. pres. 57/361
emyspire, oil. 206/553 requireth, v. 3 s. pres. 52/241,
gire, inf. 206/551 57/359
desire, v. 3 pi. pres. ireth, v. 3 s. pres.

require, v. 3 pi. pres. 106/53, desireth, v. 3 pi. pres. 57/362

193/169 requireth, v. 3 s.
pres. 57/359
yre, obi. 106/54 requireth, v. 3 s. pres.
desire, imper. desireth, v. 3 pi. pres. 52/239,
*myer, obi. 2/36 57/362
desire, inf. ireth, v. 3 s. pres. 57/361
revire, inf. 58/258
emyspire, oil.
-is, -ys (see -ysse, -us)
aspire, inf. 206/550
empire, nom. 206/548 amys, adv.
gire, inf. 206/551 is, v. 3 *. pres. 127/638
empire, nom. is, v. 3 s. pres.
amys, #<&?.
aspire, inf. 206/550 127/640
emyspire, oil.
206/553 is, v. 3 s. pres. 178/209, 178/
enspire, inf. 186/213 2IO
gire, inf. 206/551 mys, inf. 54/284
enspire, inf. mys, adv. 112/229, 213/179
empire, nom. 18 6/211 this, pron. 35/952, 112/228
enfire, inf. *thus, adv. 213/177
yre, oil. (iron) 153/I2I mys, tfffo.
yre, oil. (sorrow) 153/123 is, v. 3 s. pres. 112/226, 213/1 80
gire, inf. this, j^w. 112/228
aspire, inf. 206/550 *thus, adv. 213/177
empire, nom. 206/548 mys, w/".
emyspire, oil. 206/553 is, v. 3 s. pres. 54/285
yre, oil. (iron) this, pron. 54/282
enfire, inf. 153/ 124 this, pron.
yre, oil. (sorrow) 153/123 is, v. 3 *. pres. 85/951, 54/285,

yre, oil. (sorrow) 112/226

desire, v. 3 pi. pres. 106/51 mys, inf. 54/284
enfire, inf. 153/124 mysse, 11/283
340 RYME INDEX.

-ise, -yse (see -ice, -yce) gise, nom.

arise, v. 3 s. pres. aryse, inf. 208/27

wyse, oil.
173/64
rise, sulj. 192/141
suffice, inf. 99/1065
arise, inf.
gise, oil.
devyse, v. 3 pi. pres. 86/941
gise, oil 87/746, 172/28
arise, w/ 87/744, 172/27
gyse, nom. 46/68 aryse, m/. 177/177
assise, imper. 177/i8o
wyse, oil. 46/65, 87 /747
aryse, inf. wyse, 007. 87/747
assise, imper. 177/1 80 gyse, wow, 1

nom. 208/28 arise, tw/ .

46/67
gise,
gise, oil. 177/179 devyse, 00)'. 78/348, 92/887
suffice, inf. 40/1079 solemnyse, inf. 73/345
suffice, w/. 145/151
assise, imper.
aryse, 177/177
w/. wyse, n.pl. 92/884, 118/405
gise, oW. 177/179 wyse, oil. 46/65
rise, sulj.
suffice, /. 16/428
gise,nom. 192/143
avyse, worn.
sise, oil.159/32
price, 03. 6/103
vice, obi. 5/100 wyse, oil. 159/30
rise, Mi/1
avyse, imper.
suffice, inf. 187/14
servyce, olj. 188/953
wyse, 007.
devise, imper. 174/104
devyse, inf. 199/347 ryse, sulj.

ryse, *w0>". 178/193 devise, imper. 178/194

suffice, inf. 199/345
suffise, inf. 178/191
sise, oil.
suffise, inf. 178/191
devyse, v. 3 pi. pres. rise, swpy. 159/33
wyse, obi. 15 9/30
arise, m/". 86/939
wyse, o07. 29/783 solempnyse, trc/l
devyse, imper. devyse, we/. 183/u6
suffice, swfy'. 146/184 devyse, 0py. 73/348
devyse, wj/1 gyse, nom. 78/347
suffise, v. 3 s. pres. 188/117
devise, imper. 199/348
suffise, p. 3 s. j?m.
solempnyse, inf. 188/114
suffice, inf. 18/47 6, 74/363, devyse, inf. 183/u6
1

199/345 solempnyse, wj/ 188/114 .

3 suffise, inf.
suffise, v. s.
pres. 188/117
wise, n. pi. 95/958 devise, imper. 178/194

wyse, inf. 47/78 ryse, swJ/. 178/193

devyse, olj. wyse, t'w/l

gyse, nom. 73/347 devyse, inf. 47/8 o

gyse, 92/886
ofy'. wise, w. pi.
solemnyse, inf. 78/345 devyse, nom. 95/959
_
wyse, n.pl. 92/884 devyse, olj. 92/887
divise, a. sing. divise, #. sw0r. 119/416
wyse, n.^J. 119/414 gyse, nom. 118/406
 RYME INDEX. 341

gyse, olj. 92/886 wist, #p.

suffice, inf. 127/66 1 list, impers. pres. 40/i 101
wyse, oil. wist, imper. 40/1103
arise, v. 3 s. pres. 173/66
arise, inf. 4 6/6 7, 87/744 -iste (aw -ist)
devyse, v. 3 pi. pres. 29/784
triste, imper.
wyse, obi.
*list, impers. pr. 69/223
gise, oil. 87/746
gyse, worn. 46/68 -it (we -itte)
rise, subj. 159/33
it,
rise, w/. 17 4/105
sise, oil. 1 59/32 p. 100/1105

-ysed (*** -iced)

-ite, -yte

0. 1 s. alite, adv.
devysed, pt.
condite, pp. 1 23/5 2 6
sufficed, pp. 61/2O
appetite, nom.
-iseth (see -iceth) delite, nom. 57/360
3 lite, a. sing.
22/576
aviseth, v. s. pres.
lite, adv. 26/688
sufficeth, v. -3 s. pres. 140/15
white, 0.^2. 22/579, 26/691
astite, 00V.
-ise is (see -ides, -is is)
delite, 0J. 16/407
gise is ^ bite, subj.
avis is, 86/992 00V. 181/58
lite,
^besides, adv. 86/991 white, a. pi. 181/6i
-is is (see -ides, -ise is) bite, inf.

avis is
lite, 0.^. 42/1157
smyte, tw/". 42/n6o
^besides, adv. 86/991
white, 0. ^. 26/703
gise is, 86/989 condite, #p.
alite, 00V. 123/528
-ysse (see -is) delite, nom.
mysse, nom. appetite, nom. 57/358
*this, pron. 11/281 delite, obi.
astite, adv. 16/409
-ist -iste)
respite, inf. 10/256
list, 3 s. pres. white, a. pi. 10/257
list, v. 3 pi. pres. 5 2/2 20 delite, v. 3 pi. pres.
list,impers. pres. elite,pp. 186/872
impers. pres. 52/2 1
list, 8, 52/2 2 o lite, a. pi.
53/253
*triste, imper. 69/224 elite, pp.
wist, imper. 40/1103 delite, v. 3 pi. pres. 186/870
wist, $?. 40/i 104 lite, 0. tny.
wist, imper. appetite, worn. 22/579
list,impers. pres. 40/i 101 quyte, w/. 8/196
wist, #p. 40/1104 white, a. pi. 22/578, 81/834
 342 RYME INDEX.

lite, a. pi. -ithe

bite, inf. 42/1159
aswithe, #$y.
delite, v. 3 pi. pres. 68/255 sithe, nom. 126/622
smyte, inf. 42/u 60, 198/325 si the, worn.
lite, adv.
aswithe, adv. 126/623
appetite, nom. 2 6/6 90
bite, sulj. 18 l/6o
-itte (*^ -it)
white, a. pi.
181/6i
white, a. pi. slitte, pp.
26/691
*it, pron. 100/U06
quyte, inf.
slitte, oil.
lite, a. sing. 8/195
respite, inf.
ypitte, pp. 41/1119
ypitte, pp.
delite, oil. 10/254
a. slitte, 007. 41/ii2o
white, pi. 10/257
smyte, inf.
-ive, -yve
bite, inf. 42/1159
lite, a. alyve, ado.
pi. 42/1157, 198/ 3 2 3
white, 0oy. blyve, ado. 169/156
white, a. pi. 200/365 five(v), .^Z. 169/158
white, a. pi. aryve, sulj.
appetite, nom. 22/579, olyve, 007. 62/44'
26/690
bite, sulj. 18 l/6o thryve, inf. 62/47
bite, inf. 26/701 asblyve, <wfo.
five (v), a. pi.
delite, oil. 10/254 60/443, 168/147
lite, a. sing. 22/576, 81/836 upthrive, imper. 168/144
lite, adv. 26/688, 181/58 upthryve, inf. 60/446
respite, inf. 10/256 blyve, adv.
alyve, <wfo.
white, olj. 200/367 169/159
fyve, a. pi.
wite, inf. 166/73 10/247, 21/572,
wite, iw/i 46/57, 78/48i, 89/783, 135/
white, a. pi. 166/71 842, 139/959, 169/1 5 8, 192/
137
-ith (*< -eth) olyve, oil. 21/569, 78/478, 190/
pith, olj. 86, 190/104
sith, flcfo. thrive, inf. 190/89
111/215
thryve, inf. 10/249, 1 92 /I35
with, prep. 111/212
<&;.
dryve, v. 3 s. pres.
sith,
unthryve, sulj. 122/507
pith, olj. 111/214
dryve, imper.
with, prep. 111/212
olyve, oil. 18/480
therwith, adv.
thryve, inf. 18/478
beth, *#. 92/872 dryve, inf.
seth, v. 3 s.
pres. 92/873
fyve, a pi. 189/56
with, jr<9j0.
thryve, inf. 10/266
beth, /. 199/353 fyve, a. pi.
pith, olj. 111/214 alyve, ado. 169/159
sith, oil. 111/215 asblyve, adv. 60/445, 168/145
 RYME INDEX. 343

blyve, adv. 10/250, 21/571, 46/ -yves

59, 78/4 8o, 89/ 7 8 4 , 135/844,
139/960, 169/156, 192/138 hyves, n. pi.
dryve, inf. 189/55 lyves, n. pi. 147/200
olyve, oil. 21/569, 78/478 lyves, n. pi.
thrive, inf. 9/227, 76/441, 206/ hyves, n. pi. 147/igS
54 6
thryve, inf. 10/249, 132/784,
-ixe (see -ix)
192/135,208/42,217/287
upthryve, inf. 60/446, 168/144
fixe, pp.
wyve, inf. 98/1057 sixe (vi), a. pi. 60/444
olyve, obj.
sixe (vi), a. pi.
blyve, adv. 78/480
five (v), a. pi. fixe, pp. 60/442
78/481
thrive, w/ 76/430, 86 /7 J 3
thryve, v. 3 pi. pres. 141/36 -0 (see -oo)
olyve, oil.
aryve, subj. 62/46 <y (omega)
blyve, adv. 21/571, 190/88, 190/ do, pp. 178/213
105 also, adv.
dryve, imper. 18/481 do, v. 3 pi. pres. 102/n62
five (v), a. pi. 21/572 do, pp. 193/170, 219/347
thrive, inf. 190/89 doo, v. 3 pi. pres. 218/302
thryve, inf. 18/478, 62/47 doo, inf. 10/246, 53/249, 117/
thrive, inf. 372, 126/6i8
blyve, adv. 190/88 doo, pp. 91/839, 173/57, 220/
fyve, a. pi. 9/225, 76/440, 206/ 359
foo, nom. 6/149, 184/151
olyve, oil. 190/86 froo, adv. 53/247
olyve, obj. 76/428, 86/714 goo, inf. 18/463,42/1153, 126/
thryve, v. 3 pi. pres. 621, 184/152, 210/78
olyve, obj. 141/35 moo, adv. 42/1152, 188/813
thryve, !/. no, a. sing. 94/929
aryve, subj. 62/46 so, adv. 6/152, 219/345
blyve, <&. 10/250, 192/138 therto, adv. 194/215, 220/361
dryve, imper. 18/481 to, adv. 94/926
dryve, inf. 10/265 two, a. pi. 52/224, 193/172
fyve(v),0.^. 10/247, 132/785, unto, prep. 194/2 1 2
192/137, 208/41, 217/286 Apollo, n. pr.
olyve, oil. 18/480, 62/44 therto, adv. 201/409
unthryve, subj. do, v. 3 pi. pres.
dryve, v. 3 s. pres. 122/505 also, adv. 102/n6i
upthrive, inf. fro, #<fo. 214/199
asblyve, adv. 60/445, 168/145 do, imper.
five (v), a. pi. 60/443, 168/142 fro, <fe.
201/403
wyve, inf. go, inf. 201/404
fyve, a. pi. 98/1056 to, adv. 205/519
344 RYME INDEX.

do, pp. go, 0. 3j9?. pres. 217/298

also, adv. 193/173, 219/343 go, SM#/. 128/679
go, v. 3 pi. pres. 2 17/2 9 8 to, <wfo. 24/656, 131/747
w (omega), 178/zn two, a. pi. 74/380
so, adv. 202/420, 216/266, 217/ to, jprop.
299, 219/345 doo, inf. 67/725
to, adv. 203/469 doo, _p/7. 153/122
two, a. pi. 193/172 froo, prep. 87/723
twoo, a. pi. 72/321
to, adv.
fordo, pp. also, <wfo.
a. pi.
94/928
two, 217/288 do, imper. 265/521
fro, adv.
do, .pj?. 203/468
do, v. 3 pi. pres. 214/197 doo, inf. 131/745, 155/163
doo, v. 3 pi. pres. 197/296
fro, adv. 24/653
do, imper. 201/401
no, a. sing. 94/929
go, inf. 201/404
so, adv. 24/656, 131/748
so, adv. 24/655
soo, adv. 155/i66
therto, adv. 25/682, 197/298
therto, ^v.
to, adv. 24/656
go, v. 3 pi. pres. also, adv. 194/214, 220/361
do, pp. 217/296 Apollo, n. pr. 201/407
so, adv.
doo, v. pi. pres. 197/2g6
217/299
go, swjy. doo, imper. 80/536, 119/422
so, adv. doo, '/. 27/736, 156/205
128/678
go, t/ doo, jp. 100/1099, 198/319,
do, imper. 201/401 220/359
fro, adv. fro, adv. 25/68o, 197/299
1
201/403
yo, froo, prep. 119/425
moo, a. pi. 80/534
tough, adv. 15/400
into, prep. soo, adv. 156/207
two, a. pi. 108/i 1
8, 198/317,
doo, w/. 24/638
Mago, n. pr. 199/337,205/512
goo, MS/. 67/i 86 unto, prep. 194/212
soo, adv. 67/184 two, a. pi.
no, .
sing. also, adv. 52/223, 193A73
also, 0^2;. 94/928 do, 193/170
J9j9.
to, adv. 94/926 doo, inf. 74/382
a<?fl.
so, doo, pp. 198/319
also, adv. 6/151, 219/348 foido, pp. 217/290
do,^. 202/419, 216/265, 217/ froo, adv. 64/IO2
296, 219/347 so, dwfo. 74/383
doo, imper. 128/672 soo, adv. 64/joo
doo, t/. 74/382, 131/745 therto, a<fo. 108/119, 198/320,

foo, worn. 6/149 199/339, 205/514

fro, adv. 24/653 ydoo, imper. 75/406

1
P y[]o (enough, sufficiently), but see Glossary.
 RYME INDEX. 345

unto, prep. crofte, oil.

also, adv. 194/214 clofte, (?) 89/795
doo, v. 3 pi. pres. 102/1164 softe, inf. 89/793
therto, adv. 194/215 lofte, oil.
wo, obj. 102/1167 ofte, adv. 82/596, 166/183
wo, obj. ofte, adv.
doo, v. 3 pi. pres. 102/1164 lofte, oil. 82/598, 155/185
unto, prep. 102/i 166 onlofte, adv. 88/1039
softe, #. smy. 1 82/90
-ocked (see -ooked) softe, a. pi. 140/22
olofte, adv.
hocked, a. pi.
crooked, a. pi. 42/1154
softe, a. ^ 40/io86, 107/78
onlofte, adv.
ofte, adp. 88/1037
-od (see -oode)
softe, adv.
unshod, a. sing. <?;.
alofte, 19/518
*goode, a. sing. 32/8 6 1 olofte, adv. 40/io88, 107/8o
softe, a. sing.
-ode -oode)
(see ofte, adv. 182/gi
brode, oil. softe, a. pi.
goode, adv. 2 3/6 1 6 ofte, adv. 140/21
gode, oil. softe, w/.
foode, oil. 129/698 clofte, (?) 89/795
goode, a. pi. 129/699 crofte, oil. 89/796
shode, pp.
goode, adv. 20/539
wode, a. sing. -oye
bloode, obj. 81/844 destroye, inf.
goode, a. sing. 31/842 ennoye, v. 3 pi. pres. 147/2H
ennoye, v. 3 ^?. ^?m.
-ofre (see -offre, -opher) destroye, inf. 147/2io
ofre, sulj.
Philosopher, nom. 167/93 -oil
coffre, obj. 167/96
cerfoil, 0J/.
-offre (see -ofre, -opher) quaterfoil, obj. 84/656
soil, oW. 84/655
coffre, obj. foil, obj.
Philosopher, nom. 167/93 oil, 0W. 145/142
ofre, sulj. 167/95 oil, oil.

foil, oiy. 145/144

-ofte
quaterfoil, obj.
alofte, adv. cerfoil, o&/. 84/653
softe, ado. 19/517 soil, oil. 84/655
clofte, (? alofte or olofte) soil, obi.
crofte, oil. 89/796 cerfoil, o/. 84/653
softe, inf. 89/793 quaterfoil, obj. 84/856
 346 RYME INDEX.

-oile is (see -oiles) -oint is (see -oint, -oynte)

foile is point is

foiles, n. pi. 61/191 *disyoint, subj. 82/873

soile 51/193 *enoynte,
is, subj. 32/870
soile is

foiles, n. pi. 61/191 -oken

foile is, 51/194.
broken, pp.
loken, pp. 163/153
-oiles (see -oile is) loken, pp.
foiles, n. pi. broken,^?. 168/155
foile is, 51/194
soile is, -old (see -olde)
61/193
behold, inf.
-oint, -oynt (see -oint is,
cold, obi. 99/1084
-oynte)
bold, v. 3 pi. pres.
disjoint, subj.
*colde, obi. 215/224
*enoynte, subj. 82/870
cold, obi.
*point is, 82/872
behold, inf. 99/1085
joynt, olj.
cold, a. sing.
*enoynte, inf. 181/55 cold, a. pi. 48/130
hold, pp. 48/131
-ointe, -oynte (see -oint, -oynt, *holde, subj. 121/495
-oint is) *holde, pp. 52/227
ennointe, imper. old, a. pi. 56/349
jointe, obi. 184/834, 154/138 *witholde, 121/492
inf.
pointe, obi. 154/137 cold, a. pi.
enoynte, subj. cold, a. sing. 48/128
*disyoint, subj. 82/873 hold, pp. 48/131
*point is, 82/872 *holde, pp. 86/703
enoynte, inf. manyfold, adv. 69/234
*joynt, obj. 181/56 wold, v. 3 pi. pres. 142/53
jointe, obi. hold, pp.
ennointe, imper. 184/833, 154 / cold, a. sing. 48/128
135 cold, a. pi. 48/130
pointe, obi. 154/137, 208/44 manyfold, adv.
pointe, inf. 208/46 cold, a. pi. 69/232
pointe, obi. old, a. pi.

ennointe, imper. 154/135 cold, a. sing. 66/350

jointe, obi. 154/138, 208/47 told, pp.
pointe, inf. 208/46 *folde, oil. 66/113
wold, v. 3 pi. pres.
serjointe, pp. 117/370
pointe, inf. cold, a. pi. 142/5 1

jointe, obi.208/47
pointe, obi. 208/44 -olde is (see -oldes)
serjointe, pp. molde is

pointe, obi. 117/371 goldes, n. pi. 1

48/105
 RYME INDEX. 347

-oldes (see -olde is) holde, aw/. 20/520, 41/1117,

106/77, 124/570, 131/ 743 ,
goldes, n. pi. 152/8 9 164/i 7 218/3 11
, ,

molde is, 143/io6 holde, #p. 5/122, 62/43, 105/45,

162/119, 180/32
-olde (see -old, -oolde) olde, a. sing. 88/772
overfolde, pp. 20/523
beholde, subj. sholde, v. 3 pi. pres. 151/68
holde, inf. 48/107 tolde, pp. 41/iii8
tolde, pp. 48/109 wolde, pp. 117/382
beholde, inf. wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 11/273, 94/
colde, nom. 209/51 934, 151/67
holde, pp. 209/54 ytolde, pp. 144/134, 152/88
holde, v. 3 pi. pres. 2l7/28o folde, obi.
holde, inf. 137/923 *told, pp. 65/115
olde, a. pi. 137/922 folde, v. 3 pi. pres.
betolde, pp. colde, a. sing. 206/533
olde, a. pi. 24/657 folde, imper.
bolde, a. sing. colde, a. sing. 154/148
colde, a. pi.117/380 colde, a. pi. 88/775
wolde, pp. 117/382 olde, a. sing. 88/772
colde, nom. folde, subj.
beholde, inf. 209/53 colde, a. sing. 81/555
holde, pp. 209/54 holde, pp. 81/558
colde, obj. folde, inf.
holde, inf. 64/8o colde, a. pi. 180/30
colde, 0J. holde, subj. 188/789
*bold, V. 3 ^?. j?m. 215/223 holde, pp. 133/787, 180/32
holde, w/3 /4 2 > 186/847 holde, v. 3 j??. pres.
moolde, obi. 96/996 beholde, inf. 217/279
wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 96/998 holde, imper.
colde, a. sing. colde, 0. sw^. 189/77
folde, v. 3^. 206/535
pres. olde, 0.^. 130/714
folde, imper. 154/150 holde, swJ/.
folde, subj. 81/557 *cold, a. sing. 121/494
holde, ^m^r. 189/76 colde, a. pi. 12/295
holde, pp. 81/558, 123/533, folde, w&/. 133/790
144/uo holde, pp. 133/787
tolde, pp. 104/3 witholde, inf. 121/492
wolde, v.\ s. pres. 19/504 holde, Ma/".
wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 77/455, 144/ beholde, inf. 137/9 20
m,171/7 beholde, sw#/. 48/uo
colde, a. pi. colde, a. pi. 20/522, 41/1115,

bolde, a. sing.
117/383 106/ 7 6, 124/568, 131/742,
folde, imper. 88/774 152/86, 164/15, 218/ 3 o 9
folde, inf. 1 80/33 colde, obj. 64/78
holde, subj. 12/297 colde, obi. 3/41, 135/848
348 RYME INDEX.

holde, inf. 137/goi, 137/902 sholde, v. S pi. pres.

moolde, obi. 69/221, 93/909, colde, #. pi. 151/65

112/231,210/93 molde, 0W. 174/97
olde, a. sing. lOl/ing, 137/899 moolde, oJ;. 79/519
olde, a. pi. 131/744, 137/922 moolde, o&/. 69/221
olde, inf. 13 7/8 99 wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 161/67
overfolde, pp. 26/523 tolde, JK>^.

sholde, v. 3 s. pres. 69/2 19 beholde, swJ/. 48/no

tolde, pp. 41/i 1 1 8, 48/109 colde, a. sing. 104/i
wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 210/96 colde, a. pi. 41/1115
y tolde, pp. 152/88 holde, t/. 41/1117, 48 /i o?
holde, pp. witholde, w/.
beholde, inf. 209/53 *cold, a. sing. 121/494
*cold, a. sing. 62/225 holde, *w/. 121/495
*cold, a. pi. 86/701 wolde, v. 1 s. pres.
colde, a. sing. 81/555, 128/535, colde, #. m0r. 19/503
144/io8 wolde, v. 3 ^?/. 2?r0s.

colde, a. pi. 6/120, 62/45, 105/ colde, obi. 96/999

43, 162/i 180/30 1 8, colde, 0. %. 77/454, 144/io8,
colde, nom. 209/51 171/6
folde, subj. 81/557 colde, a. pi. 11/272, 94/932,
folde, inf. 188/790, 180/33 151/65
holde, subj. 188/789 holde, inf. 210/95
olde, a. sing. 108/iu, 180/703, holde, #p. 130/706, 144/no
183/iob moolde, obi. 96/996, 210/93
wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 180/705, olde, a. sing. 180/703
144/i ii sholde, v. 3 pi. pres. 151/68
molde, obi. wolde, pp.
sholde, v. 3 pi. pres. 174/g8 bolde, a. sing. 117/383
olde, a. sing. colde, a. pi. 117/380
colde, a. pi.88/775 ytolde, pp.
folde, imper. 88/774 colde, 0. j/. 144/133, 152/86
holde, */. 101/1120, 137/901, holde, inf. 162/89
137/902
holde, pp. 108/iiz, 180/706, -ole (** -oolle, -ulle)
183/ioS
cole, inf.
wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 180/705
scole, nom. 44/14
olde, .
pi.
scole, worn.
beholde, inf. 137/920
betolde, pp. ,

24/658
cole, inf. 44/13
wole, 3 pi. pres.
v.
holde, imper. 180/715
woolle, obi. 167/79
holde, Mjf. 131/746, 137/923
fulle, obi. 167/8 1
overfolde, pp.
colde, fl.j0?. 20/522
-olle ($00 -ulle)
holde, m/. 20/520
sholde, v. 3 pres. s. wolle, obj.
holde, '/. 69/222 fulle, 0W. 154/140
 RYME INDEX. 349

wolle, oil. Elioselinon, nom.

fulle, oil.57/376 Petroselinon, nom. 142/6g
wolle, sulj. 57/375 yposelinon, nom. 142/66
wolle, subj. emplastracion, olj.
fulle, oil.57/376 inoculacion, olj. 165/45
fulle, a. pi.39/1065 enoculacion, nom. sing.
pulle, inf. 53/252 occupacion, olj. 213/164
wolle, obi. 57/373 everichon, pron.
*oon, pron. 148/228
-olve excodicacion, olj.
ablaqueacion, oil.
44/i
desolve, sulj.
expu[r]gacion, olj.
devolve, v. 3 pi. pres. 204/497 generacion, obi. 188/940
devolve, v. 3 pi. pres. obi.
generacion,
desolve, sulj. 204/496 expu[r]gacion, olj. 188/942
dissolve, inf.
germination, olj.
resolve, inf. 219/344 occacion, olj. 207/i i
dissolve, sulj.
sation, nom. sing. 207/9
resolve, inf. 14/365 oil.
germynacion,
resolve, inf.
occupacion, nom. 113/248
dissolve, subj. 14/367 incrementation, nom. sing.
dissolve, inf. 219/346 putacion, nom. 217/293
inoculacion, olj.
-ome (see -umme) emplastracion, olj. 165/43
insicion, olj.
some, nom.
*emplastracioun, olj. 161/9 1
humme, sulj. 162/124 oil.
multiplication,
summe, sulj. 162/123
procuracion, olj. 214/193
oil.
-on (see -one, -oon, -oone, -oun)
Septentrion, l75/n8
translacion, nom. 214/191
on, adv. occacion, olj.
*everichone, pron. 79/522 germinacion, olj. 207/12
*gone, pp. 79/523 sation, nom. sing. 207/9
on, prep. occupacion, nom. sing.
*oon, a. sing. 76/421 castracion, nom. sing. 152/92
ablaqueacion, olj. germynacion, oil. 113/246
dominacion, olj. 188/41 pampinacion, nom. sing. 171/15
ablaqueacion, oil. occupacion, olj.
excodicacion, olj. 44/3 enoculacion, nom. sing. 213/i62
castracion, nom. sing. occupacion, oil.
occupacion, nom. 152/94 pampinacion, oil. 150/22
signification, nom. sing. 162/122 propagacion, nom. sing. 189/57
dominacion, olj. origon, nom.
ablaqueacion, olj. 188/42 echoon, a. sing. 88/1027
elacion, oil. noon, a. sing. 88/1026
putacion, oil. 91/858 pampinacion, nom. sing.
region, oil. 91/856 occupacion, nom. sing. 17 1/ 17
23
350 RYME INDEX.

pampinacion, obi. -onde (see -ande, -onnde, -ounde)

occupacion, oil. 150/24 awonde, olj.
Petroselinon, nom. stonde, inf. 128/547
Elioselinon, nom. 142/68 bonde, oil.

yposelinon, nom. 142/66 stonde, inf. 181/756

procuracion, olj. bronde, oil.

multiplicacion, oil. 2 14/194 fonde, pp. 88/753

translacion, nom. 214/igi
propagacion, nom. sing.
occupacion, oil. 189/59
putacion, olj.
incrementacion, nom. 217/294
putacion, oil.
elacion, oil. 91/859
region, oil 91/856
region, oil.
elacion, oil. 91/859
putacion oil. 91/858
sation,nom.
germinacion, olj.
occacion, olj. 207/u
Septentrion, oil.
*everichoon, pron. 17/458
*ichone, pron. 78/493
multiplicacion, olj. 175/ng
signincacion, nom.
castracion, nom. 162/1 20
translacion, nom.
multiplicacion, oil.
procuracion, olj.
yposelinon, nom.
Elioselinon, nom. 142/68
stonde, v. 3 pL pres. 88/754
stonde, inf. 68/248
feconde, a. pi.
abounde, v. 3 pi. pres. 219/330
feconde, inf.
founde, pp. 71/277
wounde, olj. 71/278
fonde, v. 3 pi. pres.
londe, oil. 114/275
stonde, inf. 114/277
fonde, inf.
londe, oil. 186/167
207/12 fonde, pp.
bronde, oil. 88/751
honde, nom. 218/324
honde, oil. 14/356, 187/12
*lande, nom. 47/ioo
londe, inf. 173/54
londe, oil. 1/8, 62/232, 159/28,
191/H4, 191/124
londe, olj. 88/61 8, 158/1 1, 187/9
214/194 *stande, inf. 47/102
214/193 stonde, v. 3 pi. pres. 88/754, 21 8/
327
stonde, imper. 181/751, 1 73/5 1
,

Petroselinon, nom. 142/69 191/21

stonde, inf. 88/620,168/12, 191/
-ond (see -ande, -ounde) 116
hond, obi. honde, nom.
*lande, olj. 47/79 fonde, pp. 218/326
stond, inf. 47/82 stonde, v. 3 pi. pres. 218/327
lond, oil. honde, oil.

stond, inf. 14/32 fonde, pp. 14/357, 187/n

stond, inf. londe, olj. 187/9
hond, oil. 47/8 1 stonde, inf. 79/505
*lande, olj. 47/79 londe, inf.
lond, oil. 141/3O fonde, pp. 173/53
yfond, pp. stonde, imper. 173/51
*lande, oil. 62/23 londe, nom.
*understande, inf. 62/26 *stande, inf. 67/175
 RYME INDEX. 351

londe, obj. wonde, obj.

fonde, inf. 185/i68 *lande, nom. 123/534
fonde, pp. l/io, 62/234, 158/9, *stande, inf. 128/536
159/27, 187/u
honde, obi. 187/12 -onder (see -under)
stonde, inf. 29/791, 68/63, 64 /
asonder, adv.
84, 66/157, 158/12, 184/i 5 o
sender, 3 pi. pres. 49/145
londe, obi.
v. under, adv. 11/267, 30/8oi, 39/
fonde, pi. pres. 114/278
1060, 49/142, 53/273, 92/
fonde,^. 88/621, 191/i 17, 191/
881, 144/H4
123
sender, v. 3 pi. pres.
stonde, imper. 191/i2i
asonder, adv. 49/144
stonde, inf. 81/581,88/620, 114/
under, adv. 49/142
277, 191/n6
thonder, subj.
sonde, nom.
under, adv. 11 1/2 02
stonde, inf. 77/448
stonde, oil.
-one (see -oon, -oone)
stonde, inf. 89/1053
stonde, v. 3 pi. pres. alone, adv.
bronde, obi. 88/751 doone, pp. 216/236
fonde, pp. 88/753, 218/326 grone, inf. 216/255
honde, nom. 218/324 oone, obi. 216/235
stonde, imper. allone, adv.
fonde,^. 131/753, 173/53, 191/ everichone, a. sing.
44/ig
.123 ichone, pron. 67/378
londe, inf. 173/54 *noon, a. sing. 44/i6
londe, obi.
191/124 Aquylone, oil.
stonde, subj. alloone, adv. 66/347
boDnde, obi. 74/368 done, pp.. 107/84
stonde, inf. 74/369 noone, a. pi. 66/348
stonde, inf. corone, inf.
awonde, 128/549
obj. fordone, pp. 16/381
bonde, obi.
181/757 done, inf.
bonnde, obi. 74/368 moone, oil.
164/6, 172/30, 193/
bronde, obi. 68/246 184
fonde, v. 3 pi. pres. 114/278 sone, adv. 172/32
fonde, pp. 88/621, 158/9, 191/ done, pp.
117 Aquilone, oil.
107/83
honde, oil. a. sing.
79/507 everichone,
londe, obj. 88/618, 158/u, 184/ allone, adv. 44/i8
148 gone, pp. 79/523
londe, oil. 29/790, 68/62, 66/ *noon, a. sing. 44/i 6
i55,64/8 3 ,81/ 5 8o,114/275, *on, adv. 79/520
191/H4 fordone, pp.
sonde, nom. 77/447 corone, inf. 16/379
stonde, oil. 39/1051 gone, inf.
stonde, subj. 74/366 alone, adv. 216/253
352 RYME INDEX

gone, pp. ygone is

everichone, pron. 79/522 everichon is, 29/789

*on, adv. 79/520 stones, n. pi. 29/786
ichone, pron.
-on is (see -ones, -one is)
all one, adv. 5
7/3 7 7
*anoon, adv. 86/950 everichon is,

*doon, inf. 79/513 stones, n. pi. 29/786

goone, sulj. 86/949 ygone is, 29/788
moone, oil. 79/5 1 6
-onys (see -ones, -oone is, -oon is)
noone, a. sing. 2/29
*Septentrion, oil. 78/491 bonys, n. pi.
none, pi.
.
goone is, 218/173
sone, <&;. 1
41/50 noon is, 218/172
ragstone, oil. ydoon is, 188/799
a. sing.
noone, 8/63 nonys, n. pi.
repone, imper. goone is, 98/1034
doone, /". 127/662 onys, adv. 98/1033
everichoone, ^row. 127/66o onys, adv.
sone, <wfo.
nonys, n. pi. 98/1031
done, w/. 172/33 goone is, 98/1034
moone, oil. 86/693, 106 /57> stonys, n. pi.
93,166/55,168/113,172/30, doon is, 7 8/47 6, 12 7/6 65, 150/4O
182/78, 191/H3 doone is, 108/122,116/319, 144/
sone, adv. 120
none, a. pi. eftsones, adv.
141/49 116/320
stone, nom. moone 182/98
is,

goone, inf. 14/375 noon is, 160/39, 160/49

*oon, 0J/. 14/376 stoon is, 174/8o
stoone is, 158/7
-ones (s*0 -oones, -onys, -on is,
-oone -onge (see -onnge, -ounge)
is)
amonge, adv.
eftesones, adv.
dounge, oil. 107/103
doone 116/319
is, a. sing.
stronge, 106/31
stones, n. pi. 62/28 stronge, a. pi. 107/IO2
stonys, n. pi. 116/317
amonge, prep.
ones, adv.
dounge, oil. 67/i62
stoones, n. pi. 196/241
fonge, inf. 189/75
stones, n. pi.
longe, a. sing. 140/17
eftesones, adv. 62/27 longe, a. pi. 66/127
everichon 29/789
is,
stronge, a. 189/74, 200/380
flyntstone is, 49/143
wronge, olj. 140/19, 200/383
ygone is, 29/788
bespronge, pp.
longe, a. pi. 26/679
-one is (see -ones, -on is)
clonge, a. sing.
flyntstone is dounge, obi. 66/317
stones, nom. 49/141 longe, adv. 66/320
 RYME INDEX. 353

donge, oil. longe, a. pi.

longe, adv. 144/124 amonge, prep. 66/129
yspronge, pp. 144/125 bespronge, pp. 25/678
elonge, sulj. donnge, oil. 208/40, 211/107
*lange, a. pi. 4/86 dounge, oil. 84/6 60
^strange, a. pi. 4/88 elonge, inf. 126/632
honge, v. % pi. pres. 114/285
elonge, inf.
longe, adv. 126/634, 169/153
longe, adv. 126/634
spronge, pp. 114/284, 114/293
longe, a. pi. 126/635
stronge, a. sing. 208/39
flonge, pp.
stronge, a. pi. 135/863
dounge, olj. 179/9
uphonge, pp. 186/855
wronge, olj. 179/12
wronge, a. sing. 211/109
fonge, inf. yonge, a. pi. 84/663, 167/i<>5,
amonge, prep. 189/72 193/i64
stronge, a. sing. 189/74 longe, adv.
stronge, a. pi. 16 7/9 2 elonge, a. sing. 66/319
yonge, a. sing.
127/6 39 donge, oil. 144/122
yonge, inf. 127/641 dounge, oil. 66/417, 116/330
honge, v. 3 pi. pres. elonge, inf. 126/632
longe, a. sing.
116/343 longe, a. sing. 16/429
longe, a. pi. 114/282 longe, a. pi. 126/635, 169/154
.

spronge, pp. 114/284 longe, adv. 118/398, 118/399

spronge,^?. 166/54
honge, inf.
stronge, a. sing. 1 6/43 1
stronge, a. sing. 130/719
stronge, a. pi. 83/630, 204/483
wronge, nom. 212/150
wronge, nom. 90/817, 166 /53>
yonge, a. pi. 130/717
179/3
longe, inf.
wronge, olj. 18/339
dounge, oil.
87/743 ywronge, pp. 90/814, 144/125
longe, oil. spronge, inf.
dounge, oil.
195/237, 209/72 longe, a. sing. 119/421
stronge, a. pi. 166/42
spronge, pp.
wronge, nom. 209/75 dounge, inf. 126/582, 180/22
longe, a. sing. honge, v. 3 pi. pres. 114/285
amonge, prep. 140/2O longe, a. sing. 37/i o 1 6, 124/574,
dounge, oil. 94/925, 96/993, 148/8i, 184/H6
115/313, 138/947 longe, a. pi. 114/282, 114/294
dounge, olj. 192/136 longe, adv. 166/51
honge, v. 3 pi. pres. 116/342 stronge, a. pi. 180/35
longe, ad/o. 16/432 tonge, nom. 166/72
spronge, inf. 119/423 wronge, worn. 166/53, 182/104
spronge, pp. 37/ioi8, 124/573, yonge, a. pi. 106/71, 166/74
143/79, 184/147 stronge, a. pi.
stronge, a. sing. 16/431 amonge, adv. 107/ioo, 189/72
wronge, adv. 115/312 donnge, nom. 1 72/41
wronge, olj. 76/434, 140/ig dounge, oil. 107/1 03
354 RYME INDEX.

fonge, inf. 167/94, 189/75 yonge, inf.

longe, obi. 166/41 fonge, inf. 127/642
longe, a. pi. 186/865 yonge, a. sing. 127/639
longe, adv. 88/629, 204/482 yonge, a. sing.
spronge, pp. 180/34 dounge, oil. 214/195
yonge, a. pi. 149/is, 188/ 43 fonge, inf. 127/642
stronge, a. sing. yonge, tw/. 127/641
amonge, adv. 105/20, 200/382 yonge, a. pi.
donnge, oil. 208/40 dounge, nom. 28/757
honge, inf. 1 80/720 dounge, obi. 61/198, 84/66o
longe, a. pi. 208/37 honge, inf. 180/720
longe, a. sing. 16/429 longe, a. pi. 84/662
longe, adv. 16/432 longe, a. pi. 167/104, 193/i6z
wronge, olj. 194/196, 200/383 spronge,^. 106/73, 166/75
yonge, a. pi. 180/717 stronge, a. sing. 1 86/7 1 9
tonge, nom. stronge, a. _p7. 149/17, 188 /45
spronge,^. 166/75 strounge, a. sing. 51/201
yonge, a. pi. 166/74 tonge, nom. 166/72
unbiyonge, v. 3 pi. pres. yspronge, pp. 78/486
donnge, oil. 61/212 y spronge, j0jt?.

stronge, a. sing. 61/215 donge, oil. 144/122

umbiyonge, inf. dounge, oi/. 191/ng
donnge, oil. 119/435 longe, adv. 144/124
uphonge, pp. yonge, a. pi. 78/484
longe, a. pi. 186/854 ywronge, #p.
wronge, nom. longe, adv. 90/8 1 6
donnge, obi. 209/72 wronge, nom. 90/817
honge, inf. 212/148
longe, obi. 209/74 -onger (see -enger)
longe, adv. 90/8 16,166/51, 179/1 stronger, a. sing.
spronge, pp. 166/54, 182/1 05 *lenger, adv. 41/i 1 1 1

ywronge, pp. 90/814 unstronger, a. pi. 40/uio

wronge, olj. unstronger, a. pi.
amonge, prep. 140/2O, 200/382 *lenger, adv. 41/i 1 1 1

dounge, olj. 179/9 stronger, a. sing. 41/uo8

flonge, pp. 179/u
-onnde (see -onde)
longe, a. sing. 76/433, 140/17
oil.
longe, adv. 18/337 bonnde,
stronge, a. sing. 194/1 9 5, 200/3 8o stonde, sulj. 74/366
wronge, a. sing. stonde, inf. 74/369
dounge, oil. 211/107
-onne (see -oune)
longe, a. pi. 211/uo
wronge, adv. begonne, pp.
dounge, oil. 116/313 ronne, pp. 212/142
longe, a. sing. 116/310 sonne, nom. 19/492, 212/145
wronge, pp. sonne, oil. 69/237
dounge, olj. 60/183 wonne, pp. 19/494
 RYME INDEX. 355

beronne, pp. wonne, pp.

konne, subj. 208/26 begonne, pp. 19/495
sonne, obi. 160/yi, 208/23 ronne, pp. 162/m
co one, subj. sonne, wow. 19/492
sonne, oil. 18/326 sonne, obj. 1 68/106
*umviroune, pp. 18/324 sonne, obi. 128/545, 168/132,
fonne, inf. 178/202, 216/251
ponne, oil. tonne, obi. 96/974
88/909
konne, subj. -onnge (see -onge, -onng)
beronne, pp. 208/25 donnge, nom.
sonne, obi. 208/23 stronge, a. pi. 172/42
obi. donnge, obi.
ponne,
fonne, inf. 88/910 longe, obi. 209/74
longe, a. pi. 208/37, 211/no
ronne, inf.
stronge, a. sing. 208/39
sonne, oil. 7 1/301
wronge, wow. 209/75
ronne, _gp.
wronge, adj. 211/109
begonne, pp. 212/144 007.
tonnge,
sonne, wow. 212/145
*young, a. pi. 26/693
sonne, obi.
109/i6o, 169/141,
-ons (w* -oon is)
202/432
ons, obj.
tonne, obj. 202/429
*oon 147/212
wonne, pp. 162/i 12 is,

sonne, wow. -oo (w* -o)

begonne, pp. 19/495, 69/238, agoo, pp.
212/144 goo, *6/. 39/1073
ronne, pp. 212/142 soo, adv. 39/1076

wonne, doo, ?. 3 JP?. jt?r<9.

_gp. 19/494
also, a<fo.218/304
sonne, obj.
fro, adv. 197/299
wonne, pp. 168/io8
therto, adv. 197/298
sonne, obi.
unto, jr^>. 102/1 1 66
beronne, 160/73, 208/25
wo, obj. 102/1167
conne, subj. 18/327
doo, imper.
konne, subj. 208/26
froo,prep. 80/ 553 , 119/425
ronne, inf. 7 1/300
froo, a^y. 168/131
ronne, pp. 109/i6i, 169/143,
goo, imper. 89/789
202/431 goo, m/
146/174, 168/130
tonne, 202/429
oJ/.
inoo, pi. 80/534
.

*umviroune, JP/?. 18/324 so, arfv. 128/671

wonne, pp. ] 28/546, 168/133, soo, adv. 89/788
178/203, 216/252 therto, a^y. 80/537, 119/424
tonne, obj. too, <wfo. 85/668, 146/173
ronne, pp. 202/43 I doo, inf.
sonne, oW. 202/432 also, <?;.
10/248, 68/250, 117/
tonne, obi. 374, 126/620
wonne, pp. 96/976 fordoo, pp. 195/2 20
356 RYME INDEX.

froo, adv. 68/247 to, prep. 87/726

froo, prep. 87/723 two, a. pi. 64/103

goo, v. 1 s. pres. 157/239 goo, v. 1 jom. .

goo, v. 3 pi. pres. 25/668 doo, inf. 157/239

goo, inf. 132/776 goo, v. 3 j9/. ^?r0s.
gOO, pp. 126/621 doo, / 25/666
into, prep. 24/640 froo, adv. 147/igi
so, adv. 74/383, 131/748 goo, imper.
soo,afo. 118/389, 155/i66, 156/ doo, imper. 89/786
207 soo arft
therto, adv. 27/738, 15 6/2 08 goo, sw;.
to, adv. 131/747, 1 55/165 agoo,^p. 39/1075
too, adv. 64/92 soo, adv. 39/1076
too, prep. 118/390 too, oil. 57/364
too, a. ^>J. 74/380
goo, MI/.
doo, $p. also, adv. 18/465, 42/i 150, 184/
also, <wfc>.
91/840, 173/59, 220/ 149, 210/8o
362 doo, imper. 146/171, 168/128
doo, pp. 126/6i i, 126/613 doo, inf. 132/773
froo, adv. 202/430 doo, pp. 126/6u, 126/613
goo, inf. 126/614 foo, nom. 184/151
soo, adv. 90/822, 169/140 froo, adv. 168/131
therfroo, adv. 104/17 Mago, n. pr. 67/187
therto, adv. 100/1098, 198/320, moo, adv. 42/1152
220/361 therfroo, adv. lll/2oi
to, prep. 153/1 20 too, prep. 132/775
two, a. pi. 198/317 too, adv. 146/173
foo, nom. ydoo, pp. 111/198
also, adv. 6/151, 184/149 goo, pp.
goo, t/ 184/152 also, adv. 126/620
so, adv. 6/152 doo, inf. 126/6 1 8
fordoo, inf. moo, a. pi.
soo, #<&;. 34/932 doo, imper. 80/536
fordoo, #p. thereto, _pr0p. 80/537
doo, w/ 195/2i8 twoo, .
pi. 72/314
froo, prep. moo, 06&>.

doo, imper. 80/552 also, adv. 42/1150, 133/8 12

froo, aefo. goo, MI/ 42/1153
also, a<fo. 53/250 soo, adv.
doo, Mraper. 119/422, 168/128 agoo,pp. 39/1075
doo, MI/". 53/249, 87/725 doo, imper. 89/786
doo, #p. 202/428 doo, / 118/387, 155/i63, 156/
goo, 0. S pi. pres. 147/193 205
goo, */. 168/130 OJDO,pp. 90/820, 169/139
soo, otfo. 64/iQO fordoo, inf. 34/934
therto, adv. 119/424 froo, adv. 64/102
 RYME INDEX. 357

goo, imper. 89/789 floode, oil.

goo, sulj. 39/1073 goode, a. sing. 28/763, 59/439,
goo, inf. 6 7/i 8 6 131/732
Mago, n. pr. 67/187 foode, oil.
therto, adv. 15 6/2 08 gode, oil. 129/696
to, adv. 155/i6s goode, a. pi. 129/699
too, prep. 118/390 goode, a. sing.
two, a.
pi. 64/103 bloode, nom.. 41/1133
therfroo, adv. bloode, olj. 31/844, 1 4 V26
doo, pp. 104/15 broode, 0W. 22/575
goo, inf. Ill/zoo floode, oil. 28/762, 59/438,
ydoo, pp. 111/198 131/730
too, obi. obroode, inf. 59/436
goo, sulj. 57/363 stoode, v. 3 s. perf. 141/27
too, prep. ^unshod, swy. 32/86o.

doo, inf. 118/387, 132/773 wode, 0. sing. 81/845

goo, inf. 132/776 woode, a. sing. 6/133
soo, adv. 118/389 goode, a. pi.

too, adv. foode, oil. 129/698

doo, imper. 85/666, 146/171 gode, 007. 129/696

doo, inf. 64/94 southernwoode, oil. 125/596

goo, inf. 146/174 goode, &>.

twoo, a. pi. brode, oil. 28/615

do, pp. 72/322 broode, 00^. 26/706
moo, a. pi. 72/315 shode, ^>. 20/538
ydoo, pp. obroode, inf.
goo, inf. 111/200 floode, 007. 59/438
therfroo, adv. 111/2OI goode,a. sing. 59/439

two, a. pi. 75/405 southernwoode, 007.

goode, a. pi. 125/598
stoode, v. 3 s.
jt?r/.
-ood
bloode, olj. 141/26
flood, nom. goode, .
swy. 141/24
good, a. my. 49/147 woode, a. my.
good, a. sing. goode, a. sing. 6/132
flood, nom. 49/146
-oode is (see -oodes)
goode is
-oode ($** -od, -ode)
woodes, n. pi. 43/i 169
bloode, nom.
-oodes (sft?
-oode is)
goode, a. sing. 41/1134
bloode, obj. woodes, n. pi.

goode, a. sing. 31/842, 141/24 goode is, 43/ii68

stoode, v. 3 s.
perf. 141/27
a. sing.
-ook (see -ooke)
wode, 81/845
broode, oil. stock, oil.
a. sing. *ooke, oil. 88/752
goode, 22/577, 26/707
358 RYME INDEX.

-ooke (see -ook) goon, v. 3

oil. oon, a. sing. 178/204
ooke,
*stook, oil. 88/750 goon, sulj.
*aloone, adv. 123/551
-ooked (see -ocked) *stoone, olj. 123/550
crooked, a. pi. goon, inf.
Crocked, a. pi. 42/1155 anoon, adv. 74/358
oon (i), a. sing. 147/217
-oolde (see -olde) a. sing.
noon,
moolde, oil. *allone, adv. 44/i8
colde, oil. 96/999 echoon, a. sing. 88/1027
holde, inf. 69/222, 93/910, 112/ *everichone, a. sing. 44/ig
230, 210/Q5 *goone, inf. 17 6/129
sholde, v.
69/219 oon, adv. 192/144
wolde, v. 3 pi. pres. 96/998, origon, nom. 88/1024
210/96 stoon, olj. 192/142
moolde, olj. oon, a. pi.
sholde, v. 79/521 goon, v. 3 pi. pres. 178/206

-oolle (see -ole, -ulle) oon, pron.

everichon, pron. 148/222
woolle, oil. ygoon, pp. 126/619
*fuUe,oW. 167/8 1
oon, #. sing.
*wole, v. 3 pi. pres. 167J 82
anoon, adv. 46/63
-oom goon, inf. 147/21 8
*goone, '/. 14/375
broom, oW. on, ^w*gp. 76/423
doom, 0JZ. 20/525 *stone, wow. 14/373
doom, oil. <;.
oon,
broom, oil. 20/524
*goone, w/. 17/452
-oon -oone, -one) noon, s/wy. 192/145
.

(see -on,
stoon, 0i/. 192/142
agoon, inf. *stoone, oi;'. 17/450
stoon, 007. 166/195 oon, v. S pi. pres.
anoon, adv.
*stoone, oil. 27/737
goon, we/". 74/360
togoon, inf. 27/740
*goone, swoy. 86/949
stoon, oil.
*ichone, ^row. 86/947
agoon, inf. 166/196
oon, .
srn^. 46/62
doon, inf. stoon, olj.

*ichone, pron. 79/5 ' 5 noon, j3row. 192/145

*moone, oil. 7 9/51 6, 108/132 oon, pron. 192/144

echoon, a. sing. togoon, inf.

noon, a. sing. 88/1026 oon, v. 3 pi. pres. 27/739
origon, worn. 88/1024 *stoone, oil. 27/737
everichoon, pron. ygoon, #p.
*Septemtrion, oil. 17/456 oon, pron, 126/617
 RYME INDEX. 359

-oone (see -on, -one, -oon, -one) moone, nom.

doone, inf. 152/9 8
alloone, adv.
ichoone, pron. 121/488
Aquylone, obi.
66/345
a. pi.
ydoone, ^?. 121/485
noone, 66/348 oil.
moone,
aloone, adv.
aloone, adv. 89/782
doone, inf. 89/781 193 /
done, inf. 164/7, l72 /33
*goon, subj. 123/548
oil.
187
moone, 89/779 *doon, inf. 79/513, 108/133
stoone, olj. 128/550
an oone, adv. doone, inf. 80/826, 78/483, 89/
781, 114/276, 151/66, 152/
brymstoone, oil. 88/902
87, 196/269, 203/466
goone, inf. 66/321
doone, pp. 76/402, 107/9 8, 160 /
brymstoone, oil.
58, 160/66
anoone, adv. 88/903
everichoone, pron. 82/595
doone, inf
ichone, pron. 79/5 1 5
aloone, adv. 89/782
sone, adv. 86/692, 106/59, 143/
everichoone, pron. 127/66o
95,166/ 5 6,168/ii5,l72/ 3 2,
moone, nom. 162/97
182/8o, 191/U5
moone, oil. 80/825, 78/482, 89/
soone, adv. 160/6
1, 208/467
779, 114/274, 151/64, 152/
undoone, pp. 173/62
85, 196/267, 208/464
noone, a. pi.
repone, imper. 127/663
alloone, adv. 66/347
soone, adv. 208/467
Aquylone, oil. 66/345
doone, pp.
ichone, a. sing. 2/31
*alone, adv. 216/233
moone, oil. 75/400, 107/97, 160/ ragstone, oil. 8/62

60, 160/64 oone, oil.

oone, oil. 216/235 alone, adv. 216/233
soone, adv. 160/6i doone, pp. 216/236
everichoone, pron. overgoone, inf.
doone, inf. 127/662 stoone, olj. 64/300
moone, oil. soone, adv.
82/594
repone, imper. 127/66$ doone, inf. 208/466
goone, wi/. doone, pp. 160/58
*anoon, adv. 86/950 moone, oil. 160/6o, 208/464
ichone, /?r0. 86/947 stoone, olj.
goone, w/1 aloone, adv. 128/551
anoone, atfo. 66/322 *goon, 128/548
subj.
*noon, #. sn0r. 176/127 goonje, inf.17/452
oon, <wfo. 17/453 *oon, adv. 17/453
*oon, a. sing. 14/376 overgoone, inf. 64/301
stone, worn. 14/373 stoone, oil.
stoone, oJ/. 17/450 *oon, v. 3 pi. pres. 27/739
ichoone, ^?row. *togoon, inf. 27/740
ydoone, pp. 121/485 undoone, pp.
moone, nom. 121/487 moone, oil. 173/63
360 RYME INDEX.

ydoone, pp. -oor (see -ore)

ichoone, pron. 121/488 hoor, adv.
moone, nom. 121/487 *bore, obj. 98/1051

-oon is (see -onys, -oonys, -oone is) -oore

doon is boore, oil.

moonys, n. pi. 142/63 hoore, a. sing. 99/io62

noon is, 155/39 stoore, oil. 99/io6i
stonys, n. pi. 78/475, 127/664, hoore, a. sing.

155/37 boore, oil. 99/1059

noon is stoore, oil. 99/io6i
bonys, n. pi. 213/170 moore, a. sing.
doon is, 150/40 poore, a. sing. 177/i88
goone is, 218/173 poore, a. sing.
stonys, n. pi. 156/37, 150/48 moore, a. sing. 177/i8g
oon is stoore, oil.
*ons, olj. 147/214 boore, oil. 99/1059
stoon is hoore, a. sing. 99/io62
stonys, n. pi. 174/78
ydoon is -oos (see -ose)
bonys, n. pi. 188/798
encloos, v. 3 pi. pres.
^dispose, v. pi. pres. 89/8oi
-oone is (see -ones, -onys, -oon is)
doone is, -oote (see -ote, -oothe)
eftsones, adv. 115/320
boote, nom.
stonys, n. pi. 108/I2O, 115/317,
remote,^. 55/313, 150/47
144/U9
is roote, oil. 9/237, 55/31 o,
57/370,
goone
n. pi. 88/762, 141/45, 150/ 4 6, 212/
bonys, 218/170
n. pi. 135
nonys, 98/1031
noon is, 218/172 roote, olj. 92/862
onys, adv. 98/1033
roote, inf. 141/47, 212/137
moone is boote, olj.
roote, 0W. 87/748, 107/104, 108/
stonys, n. pi. 182/97
stoone is 107
stonys, n. pi. 158/6
ymmote, imper. 10 8/109
boote, oil.
roote, oil. 219/335
-oones (see -ones) boote, inf.
stoones, n. pi. roote, oil. 125/588
ones, adv. 195/239 foote, imper.
foote, oil. 12/316
foote, 0W.
-oonys (see -oon is)
foote, imper. 12/318
moonys, n. pi. roote, nom. 80/803
doon is, 142/64 * 13 0/8 02
wrote, inf.
 RYME INDEX. 361

foothoote, oil. -oote is (see -ootes)

hoote, oil. 52/226 boote is
*wote, 1 s. pres. 62/229 footes, a. pi. 168/140
hoote, oil. rootes, n. pi. 67/i8i, 101/1114
foothoote, oil. 52/228
*wote, 1 s.pres. 52/229 -ootes (see -oote is, -ote is)
hoote, a. pi. footes
roote, oil. 115/308 boote is, a. pi. 168/137
roote, nom.
rootes, n. pi.
foote, oil. 30/8oo boote is, 67/i 8 2
*wrote, inf. 30/8o2 boote is, 101/in6
roote, olj. bote is, 34/938
boote, worn. 92/864
roote, inf. 84/647 -oothe (see -oote)
roote, oil. boothe, olj.
boote, worn. 9/238, 57/371, 88/ roote, oil. 94/940
763, 141/48, 150/44, 212/ soote, a. sing. 94/942
138
boote, olj. 107/105, 108/no -ope.
boote, oil 219/336 drope, oil.
boothe, ooy. 94/943 hope, worn. 157/237
hoote, a. pi. 115/307 hope, wow.
remote, a. sing. 150/47 drope, 007. 157/237
roote, inf. 85/682, 112/234,
141/47 -opher (M* -ofre, -offre)
rote, f/. 212/137 Philosopher, nom.
soote, 0. sw^. 77/446, 94/942 ofre, w0)'. 167/95
soote, a. pi. 192/147 coffre, olj. 167/96
wrote, imper. 7 7/445
ymmote, imper. 168/109 -oppe
roote, 007. stoppe, w/.
boote, nom. 55/312 toppe, oil.
96/i ooo
boote, 0J/. -87/749 toppe, 007.

boote, w/. 125/587 stoppe, inf. 96/iooi

remote, a. my. 55/313
-ore (500 -oor)
roote, w|/l 78/489
roote, inf. afore, adv.
boote, wow. 141/48 evermore, adv. 139/965
roote, oil. 78/490, 85/68o, 112/ lore,nom. 196/266
232, 141/45 more, a. pi. 139/964

roote, olj. 84/645 therfore, adv. 139/967

soote, a. sing. alore (? afore)
boothe, 00/. 94/943 more, adv. 4/78
roote, oil. 77/443,
94/940 before, adv.
wrote, imper. 77/445 before, adv.25/66 1
soote, a. ^>/. 205/506
core, olj.

roote, oil. 192/146 evermore, adv. 26/711

362 RYME INDEX.

lore, nom. 105/42 more, a. pi.

lore, oil. 26/712 afore, 0<fo. 139/962
more, a. pi. 189/6o, 205/5o8 before, adv. 189/5$, 205/509
more, adv. 189/6i core, obj.205/5 06
bore, imper. evermore, ^v. 139/965
store, IQO/gy more, adv. 189/6i
bore, inf. therfore, adv. 139/967
bore, oil. 7 6/41 6 seore, inf.
therefore, adv. 195/245 therfore, adv. 153/u8
bore, obi. sore, a. pi.
bore, inf. 76/414 more, a. sing. 23/607
bore, obj. therfore, adv. 23/6o6
*hoor, adv. 98/1053 sore, <&?.

core, obj. evermore, adv. 106/72

before, adv. 205/509 tore, jt^?. 106/75
fore, adv. 95/971 store, obj.
more, a. sing.
95/970 bore, tVraj?0r. 190/85
more, a. pl 205/508 therefore, adv.
bore, tw/1 195/244
evermore, adv.
seore, inf. 15 3/119
afore, a^y. 139/962
before, adv. 26/709 therfore, ^r<?j.
0W. 26/712 afore, adv. 13 9/96 2
lore,
more, a. pi. 139/964 evermore, <wfo. 139/965
sore, adv.
more, a. sing. 23/607
106/74
tberfore, adv. 139/967 more, a. pi. 139/964
sore, a. pi. 2 3/6 04
tore, pp. 106/75
tore, pp.
fore, adv.
evermore, adv. 106/72
core, 0J;. 95/968
a. sing.
sore, adv. 106/74
more, 95/970
lore, worn.
-ored
afore, adv. 196/265
before, adv. 10 5/41 bored, pp.
more, a. sing. 88/755 scored, pp. 126/626
lore, obi. scored, pp.
before, adv. 26/709 bored, pp. 126/624
evermore, adv. 26/711
more, a^#. -orgh
alore (? afore), 4/8o
forgh, obj.
before, adv. 189/58
a. pi.
thorgh, prep. 150/36
more, 189/6o
thorgh, prep.
more, a. sing.
forgh, obj. 150/38
core, obj. 9 5/9 6 8
#flfe.
fore, 95/971 -orle (see -urle)
lore, wow. 88/756
sore, a. pi. 23/604 thorle, imper.
therfore, ^v. 2 3/6 06 hurle, inf.
 RYME INDEX. 363

-orme beforne, adv.

forme, oil. come, oi/. 25/66o
for me, 60/448 corne, oW. 99/1079
lorne, #p. 25/663,
-orme is (see
-ormys) thorne, oW. 81/571
worme torne, j0p. 81/572,
is
n. pi.
ylorne,^?. 16 1/182
wormys, 188/945 yshorne, pp. 140/12
-ormys (see -orme is) borne, inf.

n. pi.
corne, olj. 37/996
wormys,
worme lorne, pp. 87/999
is, 188/946
borne, #p.
-orn (see -orne) aforne, adv. 49/135, 74/372,
aforn, adv. 148/220
corne, 00^. 68/198
born, pp. 162/i 1 6
lorn,pp. 162/1 1 7
lorne, ^.
68/201
thorne, oil.
scorn, nom. 32/868 148/223
beforn, adv.
*torn,^. 49/137
lorn, pp.
*upborn, pp. 148/225
29/796
corne, oo/.
thorn, obi. 29/793
beforne, adv. 99/io8i
upborn,^?. 206/538
borne, pp. 68/200
born, pp.
lorne, pp. 7/162, 68/201
aforn, adv. 162/114
lorn, pp. 162/117 corne, olj.
lorn, pp. beforne, adv. 25/663
aforn, adv. 162/114 borne, inf. 37/998
beforn, adv. 29/795 lorne, #p. 25/662, 87/999
born, pp. 162/i 1 6 lorne, #p.
thorn, oil. 29/793 beforne, adv. 25/663, HO/io
scorn, nom. borne, w/. 37/998
aforn, adv. 82/867 borne, pp. 68/200
thorn, oil. corne, olj. 2 5/6 60, 87/996
beforn, adv. 29/795 corne, 0o. 7/164,
68/198
lorn, pp. 29/796 yshorne,^?. 140/12
upborn, pp. scorne, n. pi.
*aforne, adv. 148/220 turne, inf. 154/146
beforn, adv. 206/539 thorne, oil.
*borne,^>. 148/222 aforne, adv. 148/2 20
beforne, adv. 81/569
-orne (see -orn, -ourne, -urne)
borne, #?. 148/222
aforne, adv. torne, pp. 81/572
borne, pp. 49/i 3 8, 74/ 734 , 148/ *upborn, ^?. 148/225
222 torne, pp.
thorne, oil.
148/223 aforne, adv. 49/135
tome, pp. 49/137 beforne, adv. 81/569, 161/79
*upborn, #p. 148/225 borne, pp. 49/138
364 RYME INDEX.

thorne, oil. 81/571 dispose, 3 pi. pres.

v.

ylorne, pp. 16 1/8 2 *encloos, 3 pi. pres. 89/799

v.
'

yorne, adv. dispose, imper.

tourne, 17/448 rose, obi. 166/204, 203/456
ylorne, pp. dispose, inf.
beforne, adv. 16 1/79 chose, pp. 78/494
torne, pp. 161/8i close, imper. 66/333
yshorne, pp. pose, obj. 78/495
beforne, adv. 140/io repose, imper. 66/334
lorne, pp. 140/13 lapidose, a. pi.

vermyculose, a. sing.
216/227
-orne is (see -ornys) nebulose, a. sing.

borne is complose, pp. 175/i 17

hornys, n. pi. 126/597 ose, inf. 175/n6
home is, 125/6oo oilderose, obj.
corne is rose, obi. 156/2 n
bifornys, 159/43 ose, inf.
home is
1
complose, pp. 175/r 17
hornys, n. pi. 125/597 nebulose, a. sing. 175/U4
borne is, 125/599 pose, obj.
chose, pp. 78/494
-ornes dispose, inf. 78/492
repose, imper.
bycornes, n. pi.
close, imper. 66/333
thornes, n. pi. 42/u62 disclose, inf. 66/331
thornes, n. pi.
rose, obi.
bycornes, n. pi. 42/n6i 1
dispose, imper. 66/206, 203/
-ornys (see -orne is) .458
oilderose, obj. 166/213
bifornys, adv. unclose, inf.
corne is, 159/45 15 7/2 20
close, inf.
hornys, n. pi. vermyculose, a. sing.
borne is, 125/599
lapidose, a. pi. 216/225
home is, 125/6oo
-oste
-ose (see -oos)
coste, v. 3 s. pres.
chose, pp.
thoste, obj. 39/1077
dispose, inf. 78/492
thoste, obj.
pose, obj. 78/495
coste, v. 3 s. pres. 89/1078
close, imper.
disclose, inf. 66/331 -ote (see -oote)
repose, imper. 66/334
close, inf. dote, inf.
unclose, inf. 157/21 8 rote, inf. 28/750
complose, pp. frote, imper.
nebulose, a. sing. 175/U4 rote, v. 3 pi. pres. 33/886
ose, subj. 175/ii6 throte, oil. 132/767
 RYME INDEX. 365

remote, a. sing. brother, obj.

boote, nom. 55/312, 150/44 other, pron. 154/153, 210/104
roote, obi. 55/310, 1 50/46 other, pron.
rote, v. 3 pi. pres. Brother, nom. 117/385
frote, imper. 88/883 brother, obj. 154/154, 210/ios
rote, inf.
boote, nom. 212/138
-oubte (see -oute)
dote, inf. 28/752
roote, obi. 212/135
doubte, obf.
throte, obi.
route, obi. 52/222
frote, imper. 182/765
v. 1 s.
stoute, a. pi. 52/221
wrote, pres.
foothoote, obi. 52/228
hoote, obi. 52/226 -ouell (see -oule)
wrote, imper.
roote, o0. 77/443 shouell, obj'.

soote, #. *defoule, imper. 81/838

w^. 77/446
wrote, z'w/l
*oule, obj'. 81/835
foote, 007. 30/8 oo
roote, nom. 80/803 -ough
ymmote, imper.
boote, obj. 108/no bough, nom.
roote, 007. 108/107 plough, obi. 182/95
ynough, adv. 182/96
-ote is (see -ootes)
bough, obj.
bote is slough, obi. 125/605
rootes, n. pi. 84/937 bough, obi.
ynough, adv. 75/413, 144/127
-oth
frough, a. sing.
broth, obj. tough, adv. 85/672
seefroth, nom. 116/335 plough, obi.
seefroth, nom. bough, nom. 182/93
broth, 0/. 116/336 sough, obi. 19/515
tough, a. sing. 45/23, 50/173
-othe
ynough, adv. 19/516, 45/25,
bothe, adv. 50/170, 182/96
unclothe, inf. 1 67/90 sough, 007.
bothe, a. pi. plough, 00?. 19/513
lothe, v. % pi. pres. 88/612 ynough, adv. 1 9/51 6
lothe, v. 3 J9/. jt?m. slough, 00/.
bothe, pi. 88/610
.
bough, 05;. 125/603
unclothe, w/. tough, #. sm#.
bothe, adv. 167/gi plough, obi. 45/26, 50/172
ynough, a^v. 45/25, 0/170
-other
tough, rfv.
Brother, wow. frough, sm^r. 85/671
.

other, pron. 117/384 yo, arfv. 15/402

24
366 RYME INDEX.

ynough, adv. oule, obj.

bough, nom. 182/93 *shouell, obj. 81/837
bough, obi. 75/412, 144/126 defoule, imper. 81/838
plough, oil 19/513, 45/26, 50/
172, 182/95 -oun (see -on, -oune)
sough, obi. 19/515
castracioun, nom.
tough, a. sing. 45/23, 50/173
operacioun, nom. 1
62/115
correctioun, obi.
-ought protectioun, nom. 139/936
emplastracioun, obj.
besought, pp. *insicion, obj. 16 1/90
wrought, j0p. 41/1107 jubilacioun, obj.
bethought, pp. salvacioun, obj. 139/968
brought, pp. 40/1083
operacioun, nom.
wrought, pp. 40/ 1082 castracioun, nom. 162/113
bought, pp.
protectioun, nom.
nought, obi. 128/689 correctioun, obi. 139/961
brought, pp. salvacioun, obj.
bethought,^?. 40/io8o
jubilacioun, obj. 139/966
nought, nom. 26/696 obi.
septemtrioun,
sought, pp. 87/740 *doune, adv. 49/i6i
wrought, pp. 46/1082, 87/739
nought, nom. -ounde (see -onde, -unde)
brought, pp. 26/694
nought, obi. abounde, a. sing.
bought,^. 128/687 rounde, a. sing. 98/1052
sought, pp. 88/766 rounde, a. pi. 133/792
wrought,^. 49/155 sounde, a. pi. 98/1055
sought, pp. abounde, v. 3 pi. pres.
brought, #p. 87/737 feconde, a. pi. 219/332
nought, obi. 88/764 fecounde, a. pi. 86/707
wrought, pp. 87/739 *infecunde, a. pi. 25/667
y wrought, pp. 82/589 rounde, a. pi. 25/670
wrought, pp. rounde, adv. 104/io
besought, pp. 41/i 109 abounde, subj.
bethought, #p> 40/io8o fecounde, a. sing. 4/77
brought, pp. 40/1083, 87 /737 wounde, obi. 188/49
nought, obi. 49/157 abounde, inf.
sought, pp. 87/740 enrounde, inf. 14 7/2 09
ywrought, pp. fecounde, a. pi. 68/57, 7 1/2 8 5
sought,^. 82/591 founde, pp. 173/68
grounde, obi. 73/341, 147/2o8,
165/37, 173/65
-oule (see -ouell)
infounde, imper. 220/363
defoule, imper. rounde, a. sing. 165/39, 208/454
oule, obj. 31/835 secounde, a. sing. 71/282, 73/
*shouell, obj. 81/837 340, 93/911
 RYME INDEX. 367

bounde, pp. infounde, imper. 168/138, 205/

grounde, pp. 168/137 5i8 .

infounde, imper. 168/138 seconde, a. sing. * J

205/5
confounde, v. 3 s. pres. wounde, obi.
22/592
grounde, oil. 107/86 grounde, obi.
wounde, obi. 107/88 abounde, inf. 78/338, 147/2o6,
confounde, subj. 165/40, 173/67
grounde, obi. 51/1132 confounde, v. 3 s. pres. 107/89
ygrounde, pp. 41/1129 confounde, subj. 41/1131
confounde, inf. confounde, inf. 78/336, 105/38
'

grounde,^. 90/8 13 enrounde, imper. 56/346

grounde, obi. 73/335, 105/36 enrounde, inf. 147/209
contounde, imper. founde, pp. 89/791, 158/113,
grounde, pp. 220/367 173/68, 210/91
enrounde, imper. grounde, obi. 84/917
grounde, obi. 56/344 rounde, a. sing. 70/264, 174/9 6
enrounde, inf. rounde, adv. 69/230, 165/39
abounde, inf. 147/2 06 secounde, a. sing. 73/340
grounde, obi. 147/2 08 stounde, oi/. 180/44
grounde,^. 22/593 unbounde, adv. 158/21
pounde, n. pi. 145/147 wounde, obj. 70/263
wounde, obi. 22/592 wounde, oJJ. 70/258, 102/1154,
fecounde, a. sing. 107/88
abounde, subj. 4/76 ygrounde,^. 41/1129, 174/95,
fecounde, a. pi. 180/47
abounde, v. S pi. pres. 86/706 y wounde, pp. 68/216
abounde, imper. 68/59 infounde, imper.
abounde, inf. 71/284 abounde, inf. 220/364
infounde, imper. 97/IO2I, 122/ bounde,^. 168/135
5io fecounde, a. pi. 97/ 102 2, 122/51 1

secounde, a. sing. 71/282 grounde, pp. 168/137

founde, imper. infounde, inf.
grounde, pp. 42/1135 grounde, pp. 205/517
founde, pp. sounde, a. pi. 211/U2
abounde, inf. 173/67 jocounde, a. sing.
fecounde, inf. 71/275 redounde, inf. 205/504
grounde,^. 86/981 pounde, n. pi.
grounde, obi. 89/790, 153/1 15, enfounde, inf. 145/148
173/65, 210/90 pounde, obj.
wounde, obj. 71/278 sounde, adv. 183/122
pounde, obi.
grounde, pp.
bounde, pp. 168/135 sounde, 118/413
confounde, inf. 90/8 15 redounde, inf.
contounde, imper. 220/365 jocounde, a. sing. 205/503
enrounde, inf. 22/590 rounde, a. sing.
founde, imper. 42/1137 abounde, a. sing. 98/1054
founde, pp. 86/983 abounde, inf. 208/455
368 RYME INDEX.

grounde, oil. 70/26 1, 174/93 ygrounde, pp.

sounde, a. pi. 98/1055 confounde, subj. 41/1131
wounde, obj. 70/263 grounde, obi. 41/1132, 174/93,
y grounde, pp. 174/95 180/46
rounde, a. sing. 1 74/96
rounde, a. pi.
stounde, oil. 180/44
abounde, a. sing. 188/791
abounde, v. 3 pi. pres. 25/66g y wounde, pp.
*infecunde, a. pi. 25/667 grounde, oil. 68/217

rounde, adv. -oune -onne, -oun)

(see
abounde, v. 3 pi. pres. 104/8
abounde, inf. 165/4-0 doune, adv.
obi. *septemtrioun, oil. 49/i6o
grounde, 69/231, 166/37
a. sing.
umviroune, pp
secounde,
*sonne, oil. 18/326
abounde, inf. 71/284, 73/338,
*conne, subj. 18/327
93/9i 3
fecounde, a. pi.
71/285 -oung (see -onnge)
grounde, oil. 78/341
young, a. pi.
sounde, a. pi.
*tonnge, obi. 26/692
abounde, a. sing. 98/1054
infounde, inf. 211/iu
-(range (see -onge)
rounde, a. sing. 98/1052
sounde, adv. dounge, inf.

pounde, oil.
118/412 spronge, pp. 125/584 180/24,
pounde, obj. 18 8/120 dounge, nom.
stounde, obi. yonge, a. pi. 28/759
dounge, obj.
grounde, obi. 180/46
ygrounde, pp. 180/47
amonge, adv. 107/ioo
flonge,pp. 17 9/i i
unbounde, adv.
obi.
longe, a. sing. 192/134
grounde, 158/zo
stronge, a. pi. 107/io2
wounde, obj.
wronge, obj. 179/12
feconde, inf. 71/275
wronge, pp. 50/185
founde, pp. 71/277 dounge, obi.
grounde, obi. 70/2 6 1 amonge, prep. 67/164
rounde, a. sing. 70/264
clonge, a. sing. 55/319
y founde, pp. 153/126 longe, oil. 195/238
wounde, obi.
longe, inf. 87/745
abounde, subj. 188/48 longe, a. sing. 94/927, 96/994,
confounde, v. 3 pi. pres. 107/ 115/3io, 138/949
89 longe, a. pi. 84/662
enrounde, inf. 22/590 longe, adv. 55/320, 116/332
grounde,#p. 22/593 stronge, a. sing. 51/201, 51/215
grounde, oil. 70/259, 102/H55, umbiyonge, v. 3 pi. sing. 51/214
107/86 umbiyonge, inf. 119/437
yfounde, pp. wronge, adv. 115/312
wounde, obj. 153/125 yonge, a. sing. 214/196
 RYME INDEX. 369

yonge, a. pi. 51/2oo, 84/663 houre, obi.

yspronge, pp. 191/n8 laboure, obi. 1/14
strounge, a. sing. licoure, obi. 17 8/200
dounge, obi. 51/198, 51/212 soure, a. sing. 178/198
umbiyonge, v.3 s. pres. 61/214 honoure, nom.
yonge, a. pi. 51/2OO floure, nom. 168/150
honoure, oil.
-ount
floure, v. 3 pi. pres. 54/296
grount, obi. socoure, imper. 54/299
sount, a. sing. 176/154 laboure, oi/.
sount, a. sing. houre, oi/.
1/13
grount, obi. 176/153 licoure, oil.
houre, oil.
-our 178/2OI
soure, a. sing. 178/198
flour, olj. myrroure, oil.
humour, oil. 19 1/129 socoure, imper. 86/978
flour, obi. terroure, olj. 86/977
licour, obi. 88/897 odoure, 0JJ.
humour, obi.
socoure, inf. 188/948
flour, obj. 191/127 soure, a. pi. 188/950
licour, obi. soure, a. sing.
flour, obi. 88/899 houre, oil. 17 8/201
licoure, oJ/. 17 8/200
-cure
soure, 0. ^?.
beshoure, subj. odoure, oil. 188/951
floure, v. 3 ^>J. ^>ra?. 149/9 socoure, w/. 188/948
houre, nom. 149/1 1 socoure, imper.
coloure, nom. floure, v. 3 pi. pres. 54/296
socoure, inf. 91/836 honoure, obi. 54/298
coloure, obi. myrroure, obi. 86/975
soure, a. pi. 128/682 terroure, oi/. 86/977
Ploure, nom. socoure, Vw/.
honoure, nom. 168/148 coloure, wow. 91/834
floure, olj. odoure, obi. 188/951
floure, v. 3 pi. pres. 152/78 soure, a. pi. 188/950
floure, oil. soure, a. pi.
houre, nom. 81/568 coloure, oil. 12 8/6 80
floure, v. 3 pi. pres. terroure, olj.
beshoure, subj. 149/12 oil. 86/975
myrroure,
floure, obj. 1 52 /So socoure, imper. 86/978
honoure, obi. 54/298
-oured
houre, nom. 149/n
socoure, imper. 54/299 coloured, pp.
houre, nom. discloured, pp. 134/8i6
beshoure, subj. 149/12 socoured, pp. 197/2 80
floure, obi. 81/570 discloured, pp.
floure, v. 3 pi. pres. 1
49/9 coloured,^. 134/8 14
370 RYME INDEX.

soco tired, pp. -oute (see -oubte)

coloured,^?/;. 197/279 aboute, adv.
aroute, adv. 94/944
-cure is (see -cures)
doute, nom. 80/805, 86/973,
floure is
76/420
floures, n. pi. 37/ioiy doute, oil. 116/353
1
socoure is, 37/ioiQ doute, inf. 55/302
honoure is
oute, adv. 81/852
houres, n. pi. 10/244 route, olj. 31/851
1
socoure is spoute, inf. 40/1097
floures, n. pi. 37/1017 stoute, a. pi. 23/630
floure 3 7/ 1020
is, withoute, adv. 33/888, 74/367,
-oures -oure is) 92/869
(see
withoute, prep. 40/1094
floures, n. pi. aboute, prep.
1
socoure 37/1019
is, oute, adv. 88/623
floure 37/IO2O
is, aroute, adv.
lioures, n. pi. aboute, adv. 94/945
honoure is, 10/245 doute, nom.
-ourme aboute, adv. 80/804, 86/972,
76/41 q
confourme, imper. oute, adv. 156/209
fourme, nom. 157/231 doute, oil.
fourme, nom. aboute, ado. 116/351
confourme, imper. 157/230 doute, inf.
fourme, imper. aboute, adv. 55/304
refourme, inf. 88/637 oute, adv.
refourme, inf. aboute, adv. 81/849
fourme, imper. 88/636 aboute, prep. 88/622
-ourmed doute, nom. 156/2 10
route, olj. 31/851
confourmed, pp. route, olj.
fourmed, pp. 121/482 aboute, adv. 81/849
fourmed, pp.
oute, adv. 81/852
confourmed, pp. 121/483
route, oil.
-ourne (see -orne) doubte, olj. 52/219
tourne stoute, a. pi. 52/221
yorne, adv. 17/447 spoute, inf.
aboute, adv. 40/1096
-ous withoute, prep. 40/1094
argillous, a. sing. stoute, a. pi.
glareous, a. sing. 121/497 aboute, adv. 28/629
glareous, a. sing doute, olj. 52/219
argillous, a. sing. route, oil. 52/222
121/496

1
Printed second is.
 RYME INDEX. 371

withoute, adv. -oves

aboute, adv. 88/889, 74/3 6 > 92/ droves, obj.
871
groves, n. pi. 184/827
withoute, prep.
groves, n. pi.
aboute, adv. 40/iog6
droves, obj. 134/826
spoute, inf. 40/1097
-owe
-outh
alowe, imper.
mouth, oil. growe, inf. 71/2 8 1
south, obi. 209/62 avowe, inf.
south, obj. overflowe, inf. 42/1143
mouth, obi.
209/63 plowe, inf. 42/1146
bestowe, imper.
-outhe growe, inf. 45/39
couthe, a. pi. lowe, adv. 160/68
mouthe, sowe, inf. 45/37, 209/71
obj. 39/io62
so we, pp.
southe, obi.
89/1059 160/65
mouthe, obj.
blowe, v. 3 pi. pres.
couthe, a. pi. 39/io6i slowe, a. pi. 82/607
southe, oU. 39/1059 sowe, inf. 82/604
southe, obi. blowe, subj.
couthe, a. pi. sowe, pp. 187/i
39/io6i
mouthe, bowe, oW.
obj. 39/io6z
growe, inf. 76/424
-ove trowe, m/. 76/425
enowe, adv.
above, adv.
growe, v. 3 pi. pres. 6/128
love, v. 3 _pm. 8/197, 56/
j9/. mo we, sw/. 6/131
337, 83/6i i,165/29 flowe, inf.
remove, inf. 88/614
1
growe, v. 3 s. pres. 195/223
hove, in/ .

growe, v. 3 pi. pres.

shove, v. 3 pi. pres. 86/976
enowe, adv. 6/130
love, v. 3 jpj. ;?r<?*.
flowe, inf. 195/224
above, 8/199, 56/ 339 , 88/613,
knowe, inf. 80/530
165/31 mowe, 6/131
subj.
remove, inf. 88/614
sowe, imper. 80/538, 193/i86
remove, inf.
sowe, inf. 10/260, 80/527, 80/
above, adv. 88/613
545, 114/286, 165/ 3 2
love, v. 3 pi. pres. 83/6 11
eowe,pp. 81/576, 122/503, 187/
shove, v. 3 ^>. jom.
10, 193/185
hove, inf. 86/974 strowe, inf. 165/33
thro we, imper. 85/689
-oved
thro we, inf. 81/579
admoved, JPJP. ynowe, <&?.
130/729
moved, pp. 11/274 growe, w5/.
moved, jt?jt?. lowe, dfo.
108/130
admoved, pp. 11/276 sowe, inf. 114/295
372 RYME INDEX.

SO we, pp. 108/128 lowe, adv.

ynowe, adv. 23/6 17 bestowe, imper. 160/67
growe, inf. growe, subj. 108/131
alowe, imper. 71/283 growe, inf. 141/39, 183/uo,
bestowe, imper. 45/40 212/154
bo we, obi. 76/422 sowe, pp. 108/128, 160/65
knowe, v. 3 pi. pres. 7/i66 throwe,^. 188/109
lowe, adv. 141/37, 188/107, mowe, subj.
212/153. enowe, adv. 6/130
mowe, 51/199
subj. growe, v. 3 pi. pres. 6/128
overthrowe, subj. 149/2O growe, inf. 51/197
owe, v. 3 pi. pres. 149/5 nowe, adv.
plowe, imper. 21 7/281
1
howe, adv. 98/1041, 106/66
plowe, wi/ 45/22
.
pro we, nom. 98/1040
rowe, nom. 168/iu overblowe, pp.
sowe, v. 3. pi. pres. 97/1029 sowe, inf. 80/306
sowe, imper. 80/547, $4/65 7 overflowe, inf.
sowe, swi;. 62/48 avowe, inf. 42/1145
A
sowe, */ 45/37> ! 10 74, 140/9, plowe, inf. 42/i 146
142/59, 213/i86, 216/267 overgrowe, pp.
sowe, pp. 7/163, 62/22, 79/5io, rowe, a. sing. 150/31
84/646,106/50,106/63, 114/ sowe, inf. 9/2 1 8
280, 128/686, 143/ioi, 149/ overthrowe, subj.
2, 165/2 7 172/29, 181/6 7
, , growe, inf. 149/21
184/135, 187/15, 213/176 overthrowe, inf.
strowe, imper. 218/187 growe, pp. 164/8
thro we, imper. 14 8/90, 14 8/104, owe, v. 3 pi. pres.
180/4 3 growe, inf. 149/4
throwe, pp. 142/6i, 181/68, sowe, pp. 149/2
188/109, 1^4/138, 192/i5i plowe, imper.
trowe, inf. 76/425 growe, inf. 217/283
ysowe,#/?. 54/286, 86/699, 120/ plowe, inf.
456, 143/87, 184/1 55, 192/ avowe, inf. 42/1145
149 growe, inf. 45/24
ythrowe, imper. 84/649 overflowe, inf. 42/i 143
growe, j^?. rowe, a. pi. 160/53
overthrowe, w/. 164/io rowe, inf. 160/54
ynowe, $;. 52/231 pro we, nom.
ho we, #(&?. howe, adv. 98/1041
nowe, 0dk. 98/1038, 106/64 nowe, adv. 98/1038
pro we, nom. 98/1040 rowe, nom.
knowe, v. 3 pi. pres. growe, inf. 1 68/112
growe, inf. 7/165 rowe, a. sing.
sowe, ^JK>. 7/163 overgrowe, pp. 150/29
knowe, inf. rowe, a. pi.
growe, v. Z pi. pres. 80/529 plowe, inf. 160/51
sowe, /. 80/527 rowe, inf. 160/54
 RYME INDEX.
rowe, inf.
plowe, inf. 1 60/51
rowe, a. pi. 160/53
sowe, v. 3 pi. pres.
growe, inf. 9 7/ 102 8
sowe, imper.
growe, v. 3 pi. pres. 80/539,
193/183
growe, inf. 80/549, 84/658
sowe, pp. 193/185
thro we, inf. 180/36
sowe, sulj.
growe, inf. 62/49
sowe, inf.
bestowe, imper. 45/40, 209/73
blowe, v. 3 pi. pres. 82/6o6
growe, v. 3 pi. pres. 10/262, 80/
529, 80/546, 114/287, 165 /
30
growe, sulj. 114/297
growe, inf. 45/ 39 110/175, 140/
,
11,142/62,213/184,216/269
knowe, inf. 80/530
overblowe, pp. 30/8o8
overgrowe, pp. 9/220
slowe, a. pi. 82/607
strowe, imper. 213/187
thro we, inf. 7/175
throwe, pp. 142/6i, 179/2O
sowe, pp.
bestowe, imper. 160/67
blowe, sulj. 187/3
growe, v. 3 j9/. pres. 122/504,
165/30, 187/8, 193/i83, Bl/
578
growe, wJ/. 108/131
growe, */ 7/165, 62/2 4 ?9/5 1 1,
,
84/648, 106/52, 106/62, 114/
279, 128/685, 143/103, 149 /
4, 165/28, 172/31, 181/6 5
184/137, 187/17, 218/178
knowe, v. 3 pi. pres. 7/i66
lowe, adv. 108/130, 166/68
owe, v. 3 pr. pi. 149/5
sowe, imper. 193/i86
sowe, inf. 165/32
strowe, inf. 207/3
373
throwe, imper. 143/104, 179/
10
throwe, inf. 45/45 , 81/ 579 , 184/
H3
throwe, pp. 181/68, 184/134,
191/126
ungrowe, v. 3 pi. pres. 98/
1046
y thro we, imper. 84/649
slowe, a. pi.
blowe, v. 3 jp. pres. 82/6o6
sowe, */. 82/604
strowe, imper.
growe, t/ 213/184
sowe, inf. 213/i86
strowe, inf.
sowe, pp. 207/1
throwe, imper.
growe, v. 3 pi. pres. 8 5/6 8 7
growe, inf. 143/89, 14 3/i03,
180/45
sowe, pp. 143/iQi, 179/8
ysowe, pp. 148/87
throwe, inf.
growe, v. 3 pi. pres. 81/578
sowe, imper. 180/38
sowe, inf. 7/155
sowe, j^. 45/43, 81/576, 184/
141
throwe, JPJJ.
growe, inf. 142/62, 181/6s, 183/
no, 184/137, 192/i 5 2
lowe, atft?. 183/107
sowe, inf. 142/59, 179/21
sowe,^. 181/67, 184/135, 191/
125
ysowe, pp. 192/149
trowe, inf.
bo we, oil. 76/422
,
growe, inf. 76/424
ungrowe, v. 3 pi. pres.
sowe, pp. 98/1044
ynowe, adv.
growe, v. S pi. pres. 130/728
growe, sulj. 23/6 19
growe, pp. 52/230
374 RYME INDEX.

ysowe, pp. delude, sulj.

growe, inf. 64/287, 86/700, 120/ multitude, nom. 147/203
458, 143/89, 184/157, I 92 / disclude, inf.
152 magnitude, oil. 152/83
throwe, imper. 143/9O enclude, imper.
thro we, pp. 192/151 latitude, oil.174/g2
y thro we, imper. magnitude, oil.
39/io66
growe, inf. 84/648 reclude, imper. 89/1069
sowe, pp. 84/646 enclude, inf.
exclude, inf. 95/966
-owed oil.
magnitude, 117/358, 161/8o
alowed, pp. teneritude, nom. 154/157
plowed, pp. 47/83 exclude, imper.
plowed, pp. magnitude, nom. 134/8 15
alowed, pp. 47/84 similitude, oil. 134/8i8
-oweth exclude, inf.
enclude, inf. 95/965
soweth, v. 3 *.
pres. include, v. 3 pi. pres. 102/1145
throweth, v. 3 s. pres. 82/855 similitude, olj. 102/1143
throweth, v. 3 s. pres. include, v. 3 pi. pres.
soweth, v. 3 s. pres. 82/857 exclude, inf. 102/1146
-u (00 -en.) similitude, olj. 102/1143
latitude, oil.
superflu, a. pi.
conclude, inf. 176/138
greu, v. 3 pi. pt. 168/119
enclude, imper. 174/94
-uce rude, a. pi. 176/137
juce, obi. longitude, olj.
letuce, oil. 51/204 altitude, oil 167/78
letuce, obi. crassitude, oil. 119/429
juce, 0J/. 51/2o6 rude, a. pi. 119/432
-ucke magnitude, nom.
v. 3 j#. j#/vs.
exclude, imper. 134/8 17
crucke,
similitude, oil. 134/8i8
plucke, v. S pi. pres. 51/209
magnitude, oil.
plucke, ?. 3 pi. pres.
enclude, imper. 39/io68
crucke, 51/2JO
enclude, inf. 11 7/3 60, 161/78
-ude reclude, imper. 39/1069
altitude, oil. magnitude, olj.
longitude, olj. 167/8o disclude, inf. 152/84
conclude, sulj. multitude, nom.
rude, 0. pi. 176/146 delude, sulj. 147/2 04
conclude, '/. reclude, imper.
latitude, oil. 176/135 enclude, imper. 39/io68
rude, a. JP. 176/137 magnitude, oil. 39/io66
crassitude, 0W. rude, a. pi.
longitude, oJ/. 119/431 conclude, sulj. 176/147
rude, fl.jp/. 119/432 conclude, inf. 176/138
 RYME INDEX. 375

crassitude, oil. 119/429 -ume

latitude, obi. 176/135 assume, imper.
^
longitude, obj. 119/431 consume, subj. 198/314
similitude, oil. consume, subj.
exclude, imper. 134/817 assume, imper. 198/315
magnitude, nom. 134/8 15
similitude, obj.
-umme (see -ome)
exclude, inf. 102/1146 gumme, obj.
include, v. 3 pi. pres. 102/1145 summe, a. pi. 215/244
teneritude, nom. humme, subj.
enclude, inf. 154/155 *some, nom. 162/i2i
summe, subj. 162/123
-ue (see -ewe) summe, subj.

v. 3 pi. pres.
humme, subj. 162/124
pursue,
*some, nom. 162/I2I
eschewe, inf. 84/923 summe, a. pi.
-ned gumme, obj. 215/245
hued, pp. -unde (see -ounde)
hued, pp. 133/8o8, 133/8ii infecunde, a. pi.
skued, pp. 133/8io *abounde, v. 3 pi. pres. 25/669
skued, pp-. *rounde, a. pi. 25/670
hued,j^. 133/8o8, 133/8n
-under (see -onder)
-uge
under, adv.
huge, adv. asonder, adv. 11/269, 39 /io58,
ruge, n.pl. 130/704 49/144, 53/272, 92/882, 144/
ruge, n. pi. 116
huge, adv. 130/702 sonder, adv. 30/799
-ulle (see -ole, -olle) sender, v. 3 pi. pres. 49/145
thonder, subj. 111/203
fulle, a. pi.
-lire
wolle, sulj. 29/1067
fulle, adv. admysure, obi.

pulle, inf. 93/896 cure, obj. 186/876

v. 3 pi. pres. 167/82 assure,v. 3 pi. pres.
wole,
wolle, oil. 57/373, 167/79 cure, obj. 146/r88
wolle, obj. 154/139 pasture, obi. 146/187
wolle, subj. 57/375 assure, inf.
pulle, inf. dure, inf. 95/947
fulle, adv. 93/895 geniture, nom. 186/889
mesure, obi.
9/212
wolle, subj. 53/251
sure, a. sing. 95/949
-uls
ure, obi. 9/215
huls, inf. culture, obj.
puls, obi. 160/55 cure, obj. 84/654
puls, obi. nature, oi/. 2/2 o
huls, inf. 160/56 sure, a. *wy. 124/577
376 RYME INDEX.

cure,v. 3 pi. pres. sure, .

sing. 68/389
cure, nom. 198/31 1 sure, 0. ^. 212/157
endure, subj.
cure, inf.
nature, oil. 3/44
lesure, obi. 134/825
nature, obi. pure, a. pi. 8/47
91/842, 134/822,
endure, inf.
193/176
cure, 0J/. 87/732
sure, a. sing. 212/136
sure, a. pi.
feture, 131/731, 166/70
ofy'.
Il/z86
lesure, oil. 87/733
ure, inf. 91/845
mature, sm#. 168/134
.

cure, nom. mesure, oil. 68/53

cure, v. 3 pi. pres. 198/309 nature, obf. 68/51, 181/733
cure, oil.
pure, sing. 87/995
.

endure, v. 3 pi. pres. 68/387

pure, a. j^7. 1 97/301
endure, 87/730
inf.
sure, tf^y. 122/525
lesure, oil. 87/733 feture, oJ/.
mesure, oil. 21/558 endure, inf. 181/734
obscure, a. sing. 21/555 nature, 0W. 181/733
sure, a. sing. 68/389 feture, oil.
cure, obf. endure, inf. 166/69
admyssure, obi.
186/875 geniture, nom.
assure, v. 3 pi. pres. 146/185 assure, inf. 186/890
culture, obf. 84/652 impure, a. sing.

nature, obi. 5/io6, 29/778 dure, 3 pi. pres. 12/306

v.

pasture, obi. 146/187 sure, a. sing. 12/305

pure, a. sing. 190/97 lesure, oil.
pure, a. pi. 134/840 cure, oW. 87/732, 134/824
sure, a. pi. 120/449 endure, w/. 87/730
nature, worn. 134/822
curvature, nom.
sure, a. sing.
mature, a. swy.
208/35
endure, w/. 168/136
dure, a. sing.
mature, a. _pj.
thure, oil. 201/412 1
a. pi.
pure, 90/830
dure, inf. sure, #. pi. 90/831
assure, inf. 95/950
mesure, worn.
pure, a. sing. 124/571 sure, a. pi. 169/38
sure, a. sing. 95/949 mesure, oi/.
sure, a. pi. 124/572
endure, v. 3 pi. pres. 66/324
dure, v. 3 pi. pres.
pure, v. 3 pi. pres. 66/327
impure, a. sing.
12/303 sure, 0. pi. 178/192
sure, a. sing. 12/305 mesure, oi?.

endure, v. 3 ^?. pres. assure, inf. 9/214

cure, oW. 68/390 cure, oi. 21/557
measure, olj. 66/326 endure, inf. 68/54
pure, v. 3 pi. pres. 66/327 mysseaventure, worn. 12/312

Printed peres.
 RYME INDEX. 377

nature, oil. 103/1171 endure, inf. 1 97/300

1
nature, obj. 68/51 mature, a. pi. 90/828
obscure, a. sing. 21/555 nature, obi. 8/44
1
recure, subj. 12/313 sure, a. pi. 90/831
undure, obi.
108/1174 pure, 3 pi. pres.
v.

ure, obi. 9/215 endure, v. 3 pi. pres. 66/324

mysseaventure, nom. mesure, obj. 66/326
mesure, obi. 12/310 pure, inf.
recure, subj. 12/313 nature, nom. 219/349
nature, nom. ympure, a. sing.
201/402
cure, inf. 134/824 purpure, a. sing.

lesure, obi. 134/825 sure, a. sing. 133/8o6

pure, inf. 219/350 recure, subj.
sure, a. sing. 197/294 mesure, obi. 12/310
nature, obj. mysseaventure, nom. 12/312
endure, inf. 68/54 structure, obi.
mesure, obi. 68/53 sure, a. sing. 176/136
sure, a. sing. 200/374 sure, a. sing.
nature, obi.
assure, inf. 96/950
culture, obj. 2/2 1 culture, obj. 124/575
cure, obi 5/io8, 29/780 cure, obi. 68/390
cure, inf. 91/844, 198/178 cure, inf. 212/134
endure, subj. 8/46 curvature, worn. 208/34
endure, inf. 181/734 dure, v. 3 pi. pres. 12/306
feture, obj. 131/731 dure, inf. 96/947
mesure, obi. 108/1173 >. 3
endure, pi. pres. 68/387
pure, a. pi. 8/47 impure, #. sw^. 12/303
undure, obi. 108/1174 nature, worn. 197/293
ure, inf. 91/845 nature, 05;. 200/372
obscure, a. sing. purpure, .
smy. 188/805
cure, obi. 21/557 structure, oo. 176/134
mesure, obi. 21/558 sure, 0. pi.
sure, a. pi. 186/196 cure, 0J/. 120/451
pasture, obi. cure, inf. 11/287
assure, v. 3 pi. pros. 146/185 dure, w/. 124/569
cure, obj. 146/i88 endure, v. 3^. j!?r0. 212/155
pure, a. sing. mature, a. pi. 90/828
cure, obj. 190/g8 mesure, worn. 159/36
dure, inf. 124/569 mesure, obj. 178/igo
endure, inf. 87/997 obscure, a. sing. 186/195
sure, a. pi. 124/572 pure, a. sing. 124/571
1

pure, a. pi. pure, a. pi. 90/830

cure, obj. 134/841 sure, adv.
endure, subj. 8/46 endure, inf. 122/524

Printed peres.
378 RYME INDEX,

thure, oil. excuse, Vw/I

dure, a. sing. 201/413 excuse, imper. 215/229
undure, obi. refuse, imper. 215/228
mesure, obi. 108/1173 excuse, imper.
nature, obi. 103/iiyi excuse, w/. 215/226
ure, obi. refuse, imper. 215/228
assure, obi. 9/214 infuse, ^j.
mesure, obi. 9/2 12 use, '^/. 198/322
ure, inf. recluse, <>#/.

cure, inf. 91/844 use, inf. 218/307

nature, obi. 91/842 refuse, y. 3 pi. pres.
a. sing. excluse,^. 217/278
ympure,
pure, inf. 201/400 use,wfc/! 217/275

refuse, imper.
-ured
excuse, imper. 215/229
endured, pp.
excuse, w/. 215/226
pured, pp. 220/360 refuse, 'w/.
pured, pp. use, w/. 201/398
endured, pp. 220/358 use, tM/1
-urle (see -orle) excluse,^. 217/278
infuse,^. 198/321
hurle, inf.
recluse, oi;'. 218/308
thorle, imper. 175/132
refuse, v. 3 pi. pres. 217/277
-urne (see -orne) refuse, inf. 201/399
turne, inf.
-used
scorne, n. pi. 154/147
-US excused, pp.
n. used, pp. 16/421
Apuleius, pr.
used, pp.
thus, adv. 34/920
Radius, n. pr. excused,^. 16/423
thus, adv. 77/459
us, pron. 77/460 -useth
thus, <wfo.
enfuseth, v. 3 s. pres.
Apuleius, n. pr. 84/918
useth, v. 3 s. pres. 181/50
Radius, nom. pr. 77/457
useth, v. 3 s. pres.
US, _2?r0?l. 77/46O
us, j^row.
enfuseth, v. 3 s. pres. 181/52

Radius, w. pr. 77/457

thus, <wfo. 77/459 -utte

-use cutte, imper.

excluse, j^. putte, inf. 56/353
refuse, v. 3 pi. pres. 217/277 putte, inf.
use, */". 217/275 cutte, imper. 56/351
 379

NOTE ON THE EYME INDEX.

The Ryme Index to "Palladius on Husbondrie " here printed was

originallybegun by the late Rev. Barton Lodge, the Editor of the
text. But little, however, was completed at the time of his death,
and the work was then taken up by Mr. Henry Cromie, already well
known Chaucer ryme index. Unfortunately, in the summer of
for his

last year, his healthgave way, and he was in consequence compelled

to give up literary work for a time, and the task was
passed over to
me. Mr. Cromie had, however, before his illness, prepared a con-
work for the press, and my share was proportion-
siderable portion of the

ately lightened, being confined to the arranging of some of the later

slips under their proper heads and the seeing the sheets through
the press.
In carrying out the notice printed at the beginning of the ryme
index as to incorrect or apparently incorrect rymes, the scribe's spelling
was taken as the criterion. Experience, however, has convinced me
that this was a mistake, for his extreme carelessness and his inconsist-
l
ency in the use of the final -e have completely spoilt many ryrnes

1
At the same time it is only fair to the scribe to draw attention to Mr. Lodge's
note at the beginning of the text, as it is quite possible that the curls or nourishes
which he has disregarded in printing the text, may really have been "marks of
contraction," and have represented, in some cases at least, a final -e. Moreover, it will
he seen from Mr. Lodge's Corrigenda that the omission of the final -e is in many
cases the fault of neither the author nor the scribe. The existence of this list of
corrections was unfortunately not known to me until the greater number of the
sheets of the Ryme Index had passed through the press, and its discovery necessitates
some alterations in the Index which will be found pointed out at the end of
Mr. Lodge's list.
380 NOTE ON THE RYME INDEX.

which, as the author himself wrote them, were in all probability

perfect. Most of these have been pointed out in the footnotes.

A few notes on Mr. Lodge's Introduction, etc., mainly by Mr.

Henry Nicol, are here subjoined.

INTRODUCTION.

Page xii. Boon, bones, is not an -n plural. Eyon is an -n plural,

not an -er-en.
The instances cited of supposed plurals of nouns in -e appear to be
all singulars ;
it is a point of syntax, not inflexion.

Page xiii. There is no omission of of in the phrases given as ;

Professor Zupitza has pointed out in Sir Guy; they are remains of
the old genitive construction, of which numerous instances might be
adduced.

Page xiv. Adjective with -es in the plural. This appears very

doubtful; clennes is not the plural of clean, but the noun cleanness.

See Chaucer, Prologue, 505 ;

the Catholicon Anglicum gives " Clennes ;

honestas,puritas" etc. Eschew is itself a very good adjective ;

0. French eschiu,
" Eschevt
; eschewed, shunned, avoided." Cotgrave.
Page xv. Bette and mo are distinct from letter and more in Old
English.
Page xvii. -liche is not the original form of -ly ; they are inde-

pendent outcomes of -lice.

Page xviii. It is not that to has been " omitted before the infinitive,"

but to not inserted.

" To redundant before the "
imperative this seems doubtful, may
:

it not be the intensitive use of the prefix to ? See the note to 4/74.

Page xix. Nominative absolute. Is it the nominative ? The first

" "
of the examples appears doubtful :
lycoure shed may be the objec-
tive after the verb up-drie. In the fourth, thaire may, as elsewhere,

mean where.
 NOTES. 381

Mr. Lodge has entirely omitted to point out that the translator's
is full of Latin constructions; and that in
English consequence the
word-order, etc., are frequently quite unnatural. A large proportion,
too, of the words are Latin.

NOTES.

Page 221 2/23. Wholesome was so spelt because people pronounced

:

it with wh-, a w having developed from the labial vowel, as in whore,

etc. It afterwards went into h as it did in who, whoop, etc.

Page 222: 15/400. "In standard speech the final guttural

. . . .

was no doubt silent." Just the speech in which we know, from the'
1 6th century grammarians, that it was not silent.
" "
15/402. Yo; query if not a scribal error for yno, sufficiently.
18/463. Grece (plural of gre, a step) is in Richardson, with several
examples. Greece in Bacon is one.

Page 223: 50/172. "It would seem as if the pronunciation . . . .

varied with the spelling." Rather the spelling varies with the pro-
nunciation.
"
Page 225 :
69/236. Mr. Nicol proposes to read " maketh the

(thrive) for "ainsthe."

Page 226 84/656. Synk for cine (cinq is a false modern French
:

spelling) is no more grotesque than search for cercher.

Page 228121/472. (Nach-}ahmen comes from 0. Trench aesmer

:

(whence English aim) and is not old Teutonic at all. What harme
;

here does mean it seems impossible to say probably there is some

;

error on the part of the scribe.

not the
Page 229 :
153/129. It seems more probable that the/r^,
second, syllable of the last word of the line is wanting. Query read
temperate for ther ate 9

GLOSSARY.

Atteroppes, read Attercoppes.

Browsty: reference should be 219/344.
25
382 NOTES ON THE GLOSSARY.

Burgyne : reference should be 55/307.

Cannibe : reference is wrong.
Caprify, read Caprifie : reference should be 125/592.
Cave upon : dele the comma between these words.

Chaunging: the reference is wrong; read 7/163.

Cloft, 89/795 omitted probably an error for alofte or olofte.
: :

Couthe, could: dele the could: the reference should be 39/1061.

Entere : reference should be 11/279.
Ereither : for 397/75, read 75/397.

JFoolde : references should be 37/1021, 88/770.

Medessyng, read Medissyng : reference should be 29/797.

Pastyne, 210/86 read Pasty n. :

P'ymnent, read P'mynent.

Portula-ke, Lat. pursulain. The English is
pwslain, Lat. portulaca.
Pike, 186/194: dele.

Stanry, 86/701 read Stannry, 86/708.

:

Sterve is 0. E. steorfan (cognate with G. sterleri).

Stulpes: the reference should be 32/1054.

Teetc, read Tecte.

There, thereas : in second line omit tkou.

Tort: reference should be 107/83; add 159/33.
S. J. H.
 383

COEKIGENDA.

The Editor laments to find so many instances of incorrectness

"
quas ant incuria fudit
Aut humana parum cavit natura."

He can only point them out, and beg the benignant reader to amend
them with his pen. Many of them relate to the final e. B. L.

2/23, read hoole, stande. 12/314, read&tte.

2/29, ,, depe are noone. 12/315, ,, grounde.
2/31, wele. 13/335, tymbre.
13/338, weel or.

14/366, sette.

15/400, ygrounde.
17/446, lete.

20/525, goode.

20/528, eschewe.

20/532, turne oute

21/562, faate.

22/577, askes.

22/594, grounde.
25/678, bespronge.

27/723, maner.

9/235, the 2nd "seed" should 29/771, helpe.

have the final e. 29/775, tyllinge.
walle.
9/236, read greyne. 29/786,
doone.
10/254, ,, maner. 30/826,
31/837, shouell.
10/260, ,, trymenstre.
beye. 34/937, hertes home.
11/281,
fresshe. lilee.
11/291, ,, 34/938,
wilt. 35/944, soure.
12/303,
384 CORRIGENDA.

36/973, read wreke. 63/64, read saie,

37/1009, yerde. 64/104, ,,
doune.
of instead of or.
" The
37/1012, ,, 65/110, insert at beginning
37/1021, ,, terebyncte. same."

38/1026, ,, noon. 65/112, read in wynde.

38/1043, titimalle. 65/132, in an acre.

40/1094, seetes. 65/162, space for a word should

40/1130, ,, suffisantly bigge. have been left lefore "besi-
imus. " better."
43/1170, ,, nesse," probably
44/5, alle.
67/177, read lite.

44/7, alle.
67/188, ,,
ende.

45/33, ,, nowe. 68/195, maner.

45/35, ,, assaileth. 71/292, ,,

ramal.

46/65, so.
72/308, kerve.

47/81, thenne. 73/347, And.

47/97, ,, breres. 74/370, ,, yshave for "&
48/114, so in MS., but qu. ? dis- shave."
cusseth ? = divide. Imperative. 75/386, read And.
48/115, read twyes. 76/437, ,, cley and mose.
49/146, swete. 78/476, settyng.
49/149, wrecched. 78/479, side-note, read no
49/152, sleek. plants.
52/219, ,, houre. 79/513, readeree.
52/234, ,, tempur. 80/538, lilly.

54/288, ,, moone. 81/556, benygne.

54/291, ,, atwene. 81/559, ,, is goode to sowe.
54/300, ,, stoone. 86/702, ,, warme.
55/311, ,, water. 86/704, ther.

55/329, ,, propre. 87/730, ,, swete.

56/349, side-note read or. 88/750, lete.

57/371, read copron. 89/782, puld.

59/414, ,, nowe. 89/789, remove commato next word.
59/417, therm. 89/790, read contynuelly.
59/435, nowe. 90/829, before hem insert trede.
an. "
61/19, 92/870, read scrape" in both
62/42, feire.
places.
 CORRIGENDA. 385

92/882, read faire instead of'save. 136/897, read colours.

97/1005, Moche. 140/9, atte.

97/1015, boringe. 141/45, thi.

98/1037, out. kyndes.

142/65,
vive.
98/1057, 142/69, in side-note, petroselinon.
101/1114, halde. 145/153, read commyxt.
of instead o/as.
102/1149, 146/177, remove stop at end.
atte.
104/1, 146/181, readsewe.
106/61, hike water. 147/205, slee.

109/157, ,, hem after touch e. 149/5, ,, owe instead of are.

110/164, grene. 149/13, wende.

111/206, ,, benygne. 149/21, matier.

116/337, thetrunke. 150/25, ,, noo.

116/355, firthe. ayeine.

150/38,
117/370, ,, seyointe, i.e. se- 150/46, stocke.

junctae. [this 152/103, this.

1
17/378, ,,
in this instead of or 152/104, enlyne.
119/441, handes. 153/128, lupynys.
120/445, ytildws^0/and 155/166, ,, dele- semicolon.

tild. 156/199, and.

120/446, enclose. 157/237, drope.

120/454, ,, so be instead of so 160/71, ,, stondyng.

that. 162/119, shepe.

122/509, yit. 162/126, Me instead of done.

sifte.
122/521, graffed. 163/127,
124/570, isholde. 163/136, ooen.

127/665, ,, brynnyng. 163/141, xxir.

133/786, other. 163/144, ,, chaire.

133/792, ,, buttockes. 163/148, ymne.

134/826, droves. 166/51, wattred.

134/839, a whole line omitted. 168/119, ikeste.

See Note. 170/165, yit.

135/845, ra^Prikker, i.e. Eider. 170/168, ,. prince I mene.

136/883, ,, raalincoly. 171/7, ,, vynes roote.

136/888, ,, remove comma 172/46, ,, besinesse.

after nare. 176/134, uppe.

386 CORRIGENDA.

176/138, ra^rounde. 194/194, read ther rise.

179/1, remove comma. 196/254, remove comma to after

herbe.
179/2, read humoure.
180/22, atte. 196/258, read ryvullynge.
180/34, remove comma to 196/261, and.
" comma at "
come," in next line. 197/275, place af-

181/50, m^wilde. ferme."

182/87, ,, pike. 197/280, read socoured.

lenghte. 201/387, cors.
182/102,
185/163, ,, Feveryere. 203/469, parte.

185/183, in side-note read dia- 204/488, nys.

moron. 206/539, beforn.

186/197, devite, &c. 208/26, ther on.

186/215, Him. 209/65, wol.

188/28, graifes. 212/154, stocke.

191/128, fedde. 213/177, this.

"
191/130, insert comma at end. 216/271, full stop after wepe."
192/152, read Nowe eke. 219/333, read Feveryere.

Other readings which Mr. Skeat, in the Academy, has specified as

probable errors, are printed as in the MS., e.g. oons, 114/293 ; ons,

147/214; them, 30/818; een, 129/677; colours, 133/804.

Consequent on the above the following corrections should be made

in the Rynie Index :

Page 260, 1.
17, the footnote refers to the heading ayne is.

,, 266, col. 2, dele heading -and.

,, 267, col. 1, 11. 23-37, for land read lande.
,, 272, col. 2, under -aunoe add to abundaunce, fecundaunce, obi.

134/838; pleasaunce, oil.

134/836.
,, 273, col. 1, 1. 4, to fecundaunce^^ abundaunce, obj. 134/839.
,, 273, col. 1, 1. 10, to pleasaunce add abundaunce, obj. 134/839.
 CORRIGENDA. 387

Page 286, col. 1, under heading -een for atween read atwene, dele
the asterisks, and transfer to p. 298, col. 2, under the heading
-ene.

,, 290, col. 1, dele all under heading -eir.

290, col. 2, 1. 4, for feir read feire dele;
*.

290, col. 2, 1. 8, under feire, a. pi., add appeire, inf. 62/41.

,, 295, col. 2, dele all under heading -end.

,, 296, col. 2, 1. 29, for en&read ende; dele *.

297, col. 1, 1. 13, a^descende, inf. 67/189.

,, 322, col. 2, 1. 11, add multiplice,
162/125. (sic)

,, 327, col.under heading -igne, dele -ynge, and add under

1,

benygne, a. sing., assigne, inf. 81/554; v y n e, oil. 71/299.

,, 334, col. 1, under -ing, 1. 4, for boring read boringe, dele the
asterisk from bringe, and transfer to p. 335 under -inge.
,, 334, col. 2, for ryvullyng read ryvullynge, dele asterisk from
sprynge, and transfer to p. 336, col. 1.

,, 334, col. 2, for tyllyng read tyllynge, dele the asterisks and
transfer top. 336, col. 2.

,, 332, col. 1, under lupyne, oil., dele fyne is, and wynys and
footnote t.

,, 333, col. 2, 11. 6 and 24, for lupyne read lupynys.

,, 333, col. 2, under heading -ynys, for lupyne read lupynys,

and add lupynys, oil., fyne is, 153/131, wynys, n. pi.

153/130, and dele footnote 3.

,, 339, col. 2, under -is, for thus read this; dele *.
,, 346, col. 1, last line lut one, for serjointe read seyointe.

STEPHEN AUSTIN AND SONS, PRINTERS, HERTFORD.