Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Economic Order Quantity model is the inventory management technique for determining the

optimum order quantity which is the one that minimizes the total of its ordering and carrying costs. It also balances the fixed ordering costs against variable ordering costs. The EOQ is the optimum amount of goods to order each time to minimize total inventory costs. EOQ analysis should be applied to every product that represents a significant proportion of sales. Thus, the EOQ analysis provides answers to the following order quantity problems: 1. How much of inventory should be bought in an order on each replenishment? 2. Should the quantity be purchased be large or small? 3. Should the requirement of materials during a given period of time be purchased in one lot or should it be purchased in instalments? Assumptions of EOQ model: 1. Demand is known with certainty and is constant during the period. 2. Depletion of stock is linear and constant. 3. The time interval between placing an order and receiving delivery (lead time), is constant. 4. The orders placed to replenish inventory stocks are received at exactly that point in time when inventories reach zero. EOQ Formula: EOQ = 2SP / C Where:S = Annual usage in units P = Ordering cost per order C = Carrying cost per unit Number of orders to be placed in a period = S / EOQ Figure showing EOQ Point:

Example: A Company is determining its frequency of orders for Product A. Each product A costs $20. The annual carrying cost is $400 and the cost per order is $15. The company expects to sell 50 units of Product A each month. It has also decided to maintain an average inventory level of 40 units. Find the EOQ. Solution: S (Annual usage in units) => 50 units per month x 12 = 600 units annually. P (Ordering cost per order) => $15 C => Average inventory x Carrying cost per unit. In this case, $400 is the total carrying cost annually. Therefore, carrying cost per unit = $400 / 40 = $10 per unit. EOQ = 2SP / C => = (2 x 600 x 15) / 10 => 42 units (after rounding) Number of orders per year = S / EOQ => 600 units/42 = 14.29 or 14 orders (rounded) Limitations of EOQ Model: 1. The assumption of constant usage and the instantaneous or immediate replenishment of inventories are not always practical. 2. Safety stock is always required because deliveries from suppliers may be delayed for reasons beyond control. Also because there may be an unexpected demand for stocks. 3. EOQ assumes that the demand is constant and known with certainty which always is not the case. Demand may rise and fall depending upon various factors leaving a certain degree of uncertainty behind it. 4. Computational problems may arise and hence the number of orders to be placed may not be always 100% accurate if fractions or 1. decimals are involved. Online Live Tutor Economic Order Quantity (EOQ): We have the best tutors in accounts in the industry. Our tutors can break down a complex Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) problem into its sub parts and explain to you in detail how each step is performed. This approach of breaking down a problem has been appreciated by majority of our students for learning Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) concepts. You will get one-to-one personalized attention through our online tutoring which will make learning fun and easy. Our tutors are highly qualified and hold advanced degrees. Please do send us a request for Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) tutoring and experience the quality yourself. Online Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Help: If you are stuck with a Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Homework problem and need help, we have excellent tutors who can provide you with Homework Help. Our tutors who provide Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) help are highly qualified. Our tutors have many years of industry experience and have had years of experience providing Economic Order Quantity

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