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Client/server describes the relationship between two computer programs in which one program, the client, makes a service request from another program, the server, which fulfils the request. Although programs within a single computer can use the client/server idea, it is a more important idea in a network. In a network, the client/server model provides a convenient way to interconnect programs that are distributed efficiently across different locations. Computer transactions using the client/server model are very common. For example, to check your bank account from your computer, a client program in your computer forwards your request to a server program at the bank. That program might in turn forward the request to its own client program that sends a request to a database server at another bank computer to retrieve your account balance. The balance is returned back to the bank data client, which in turn serves it back to the client in your personal computer, which displays the information for you.
Network architecture
A network architecture is a blueprint of the complete computer communication network, which provides a framework and technology foundation for designing, building and managing a communication network. It typically has a layered structure. Layering is a modern network design principle which divides the communication tasks into a number of smaller parts, each part accomplishing a particular sub-task and interacting with the other parts in a small number of well-defined ways. Layering allows the parts of a communication to be designed and tested without a combinatorial explosion of cases, keeping each design relatively simple.
If a network architecture diagram is open, no single vendor owns the technology and controls its definition and development. Anyone is free to design hardware and software based on the network architecture. The TCP/IP network architecture, which the Internet is based on, is such a open network architecture and it is adopted as a worldwide network standard and widely deployed in local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), small and large enterprises, and last but not the least, the Internet.
Examples of Network Architecture
Network Architecture
Cisco Topology
procedures. Connectivity between the tiers can be dynamically altered depending on users requests and the services they are demanding. Two tier client server architectures work well for groups or businesses of up to 100 users on an LAN (Local Area Network), any more and service would deteriorate. Also, this software architecture offers limited flexibility by requiring the writing of manual code to move program functionality to a different server.
tier makes it possible for processing changes and updates to be made once and be distributed throughout the network available to both clients and servers. Sometimes the middle tier is divided into two or more units with different functions. This makes it a multi-layer model. For example, in web applications, the client side is usually written in HTML meanwhile the application servers are usually written in C++ or Java. By using a scripting language embedded in HTML, web servers act as translation layers that allow for communication between the client and server layers. This layer receives requests from clients and generates HTML responses after requesting it from database servers. Popular scripting languages include JavaScript, ASP (Active Server Page), JSP (JavaScript Pages), PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), Perl (Practical Extraction and Reporting Language), and Python. One of the major benefits of three tier architecture is the ability to partition software and drag and drop modules onto different computers in a network.
COMPARISION OF TWO AND THREE TIER ARCHITECTURE 1) Two tier architectures in two tier client/server architectures, the user interface is placed at user's desktop environment and the database management system services are usually in a server that is a more powerful machine that provides services to the many clients. Information processing is split between the user system interface environment and the database management server environment. The database management server supports for stored procedures and
triggers. Software vendors provide tools to simplify development of applications for the two tier client/server architecture. 2) Three tier architectures the three tier architecture is introduced to overcome the drawbacks of the two tier architecture. In the three tier architecture, a middleware is used between the user system interface client environment and the database management server environment. These middleware are implemented in a variety of ways such as transaction processing monitors, message servers or application servers. The middleware perform the function of queuing, application execution and database staging. In addition the middleware adds scheduling and prioritization for work in progress. The three tier client/server architecture is used to improve performance for large number of users and also improves flexibility when compared to the two tier approach. The drawback of three tier architectures is that the development environment is more difficult to use than the development of two tier applications.
ASSIGMENT-1
NAME: ARUNMOZHI@GOPI .M ROLL NO: 60 SUBJECT: INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIDN