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IRISET NETWORK LABORATORY EXPERIMENT NO.: NWL-01

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Date : _______________ Instructor Initial :

Name of the experiment : Establishing a small LAN ACTIVITY 1. Configuring IP address 2. Setting up of computer names and workgroups 3. Establishing a LAN

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Establishing a basic LAN OBJECT This lab will familiarize with the various steps involved in setting up and configuring the IP attributes of a node on the network. This lab also exposes to basic network implementation. INTRODUCTON To establish a LAN 1. Insert NIC card into free slot on mother into the computer 2. Configure your NIC card 3. Assign IP address to your computer after choosing the protocols required. 4. Use the network cable (a straight UTP cable terminated with RJ45 connectors on both ends) from NIC card in PC and a free port in hub/switch 5. Connect two or more PCs on the hub/switch 6. Test the connectivity with OS commands TCP/IP Network protocols help your computers speak the same language so they can share data. Network protocols define the rules for communication. The TCP/IP protocol is used just about everywhere. After the Internet boom, it became the standard protocol for small networks. To configure this protocol, you must set two settings. IP Address and Subnet Mask: The most important setting is the IP address. The IP address gives each computer a unique address where it can be accessed in the network. An IP address is 32 bits long and represented as four OCTETS in dotted decimal notation. The address has four numbers between 0 and 255 that are separated by periods. All the computers are numbered in a series. The subnet mask determines the network in which the computer is located. This is especially important in large networks that are divided into several subnets. In your small network, all the computers are in the same subnet. A Gateway is nothing but a router at layer 3 (Transport Layer). Net masks are very important for a router to determine how to route a packet. The router ANDs the net mask and the IP address of the destination to determine which subnet to route the packet to. An incorrect choice of a net mask can cause total chaos in your network with no packets getting routed at all. PROCEDURE: Configuring IP address Network layout
IP 192.168.100.3 SNM 255.255.255.0

ISP

Gateway

IP 192.168.100.1 SNM 255.255.255.0

IP 192.168.100.254 SNM 255.255.255.0

IP 192.168.100.2 SNM 255.255.255.0

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The above layout shows the WINDOWS workstations, which are to be configured with IP attributes as shown. 1. 2. 3. 4. Click Start, Point to Settings, Click Control Panel, and then Double-click the Network icon

Tip Because you must set several settings, it is useful to create a shortcut on the desktop. To create a shortcut, open Control Panel, right-click and drag the Network icon to the desktop, and then click Create Shortcut(s) Here. If Client for Microsoft Networks or TCP/IP protocol is not listed under the installed network components, you can configure them now 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Click Add, Click Client, Click Add, Click Microsoft, and then click Client for Microsoft Networks. Click OK

and 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Click Click Click Click Click Click Add, Protocol, Add, Microsoft, and then TCP/IP. OK

To define the IP address and subnet mask 1. 2. 3. 4. click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then double-click the Network icon

Network window opens 1. Select the TCP/IP entry that refers to your network card, and then 2. Click Properties. 3. Click IP address, and then type the corresponding number combination. If you use 192.168.1.1 for the first computer, use 192.168.1.2 on the second computer, 192.168.1.3 for the third computer, and so on. The subnet mask stays the same for all the computers. Type 255.255.255.0 here. 4. Click Gateway 5. Enter Gateway IP address then click ADD 6. Click OK, and then click OK again. 7. Restart your computer. NWL-01 Page 3 of 6 Rev 12/05

Setting the Computer Names and Workgroups You must name every computer and assign every computer to a workgroup regardless of what protocol you use. As with the IP addresses, each computer name must be unique. In other words, a name can only be used one time in your workgroup. To assign your computers a name and a workgroup, follow these steps: 1. Click Start, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel. 2. Double-click the Network icon, or use the previously created shortcut on the desktop. 3. Click the Network Identification tab. 4. Assign each computer a meaningful name. The name will appear in the Network Neighborhood. 5. Assign every computer to the same workgroup. 6. You can type a description that specifies what this computer is used for or who works on it. 7. Click OK. 8. Restart your computer. To confirm the Settings you made Step 1: To Check the Network Card and driver software 1. 2. 3. 4. Click on Start, Programs, Accessories, Command Prompt In the Command Prompt window, type in COMMAND A new window appears with DOS prompt like C: \ >_ Type, Ping 127.0.0.1 <Enter> to check the local configuration of TCP/IP ie. A local loop back check, you will find the reply as shown below if TCP/IP configuration is OK 5. If you get a reply stating Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128 Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128 Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128 Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 127.0.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

6. Then your network card and software drivers are installed correctly. Continue to step 2. o If you receive a message stating Request Timed Out, check that: o The network card is inserted properly in the PCI slot in the computer - it may have become loose. o Try re-installing the network card drivers.

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7. Repeat Step 1 again. 8. Now check response from your local system IP address ex. Ping <ip address of your system> and then Check the response from the other PC connected on HUB/SWITCH using ping command with its respective IP address. Record the observations Ping statistics for Packets Received Lost

Sent

% loss

9. On default ping will send 4 echo requests only. To increase no.of echo request C:/>Ping <neighbor PCs IP address> -n 50 (request to send 50 echo requests) During the ping is in progress disconnect patch cable for a while and reconnect Record the observations Ping statistics for Sent Packets Received Lost % loss

Try Ping <ip address> -t, ping s the specified host until stopped by pressing CtrlC Step 2: To Check the Ethernet Address and configuration 1. Click on Start, Programs, Accessories, Command Prompt 2. In the Command Prompt window, type

C:/>winipcfg
If the Ethernet card is installed correctly, the box will be shown Observations: Configured information MAC address of the system IP address and subnet mask Default gateway configured Name of the computer Workgroup name

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Exercise Establishing a LAN Now connect your Computer to the HUB using a patch cable and PING the other computers connected to the hub or switch with their respective IP address. (Ensure that all the computers IP address are having same network ID and with different host IDs) Draw the lay out of LAN PCs with their IP address

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