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Outline
Introduction Roaming Management Roaming Management under SS7 Registration Call Delivery Summary
Introduction
PSTN
VLR MSC
BS
HLR: Home Location Register MSC: Mobile Switching Center PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network VLR: Visitor Location Register
Roaming
When a mobile user moves from one system to another, the location of the user should tell the PCS system.
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Roaming Management
Database
MSC
VLR VLR
VLR
8
HLR
9
VLR
10
Basic Operations
Two basic operations in roaming management.
Registration: an MS informs the system of its current location Location Tracking: the system locates the MS
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MS Registration Process
HLR 2 4 New VLR
Cloud
3 Taichung Tainan
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PSTN
Central Office
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PCS Network
Call Delivery
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15
16
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Registration
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PSTN Cloud
registration ack.
HLR4 SCP
STP2 STP
2
STP3 STP
PSTN Cloud
PSTN
MSC 2
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Traffic Cost
The traffic in the SS7 network is heavy. Approach to reduce the deregistration traffic
Implicit deregistration + Periodic re-registration
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Implicit deregistration
5 deregistration
PSTN Cloud
registration ack.
HLR4 SCP
STP2 STP
2
STP3 STP
PSTN Cloud
PSTN
MSC 2
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Periodic re-registration
The MS periodically re-registers to the VLR.
VLR
Visiting MS 1...
123 456 789 *0#
MSC
Visiting MS 2...
MS 2
MSC
VLR
Period registration
MS 1
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SCP (VLR3)
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Call Delivery
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SCP (HLR)
STP3 STP
1
Cloud
STP2 STP
3 2
Cloud
STP4 STP
PSTN
PSTN
PSTN
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The cache contains entries for MSs recently accessed from the SSP (MSC).
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Cache Scheme
STP3 STP
Cloud
STP2 STP
Cloud
STP4 STP
PSTN
PSTN
PSTN
SCP (VLRA)
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Summary
Roaming Management Roaming Management through SS7
Reducing the traffic cost of deregistration
Implicit Deregistration Periodic Re-registration
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