LATHE MACHINE

Parts Functions Classification

Pulkit Goyal

Rahul Anand

Ritwick Rane

A lathe is a machine tool which spins a block of material to perform various operations such as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, or deformation with tools that are applied to the work piece to create an object which has symmetry about an axis of rotation.

Lathe Specifications
Distance Between Centers specifies maximum length of job Maximum Diameter of job that can be turned Horse Power of Motor Cutting speed Range Feed Range Accuracy Achievable Spindle Nose Diameter and Hole size

Lathe Machine Various Parts

Headstock Tailstock Bed Saddle Carriage Spindle Chuck Lead screw Pedestal Tool Post Hand wheels & Levers

Parts of a lathe
Bed: The base of the lathe that supports the headstock, tailstock, and the ways. Carriage: The section of the lathe that slides back and forth along the ways and supports the cross-slide and cutting tool. Chuck: A device that holds a work piece in place as it rotates. The chuck commonly has three or four jaws that can be adjusted to fit various sizes.

 Cross-slide: The device supported by the carriage that positions the turret toward and away from the work piece. Headstock: The end of a lathe that holds the spindle and the drive that rotates the work piece. Lead screw: The long threaded device that controls the precise movement of the carriage on a lathe. Ways: Two precisely measured, parallel tracks that support and guide the movement of the carriage and cross-slide.

 Saddle: A cast iron frame, shaped like the letter H, that rides on the ways and locates and houses the cross-slide and apron. Spindle: The device located in the headstock that rotates the work piece. Swing: The maximum diameter of a work piece that can be rotated on the lathe. Tailstock: A component located opposite the headstock that supports the end of longer work pieces.

Installing a Cutting Tool

How Tool post and Tool holder are secured

For Turning

For Facing

For Parting

For Drilling

For Boring

Boring is an operation in which a hole is enlarged with a single point cutting tool. A boring bar is used to support the cutting tool as it extends into the hole. Because of the extension of the boring bar, the tool is supported less rigidly and is more likely to chatter. This can be corrected by using slower spindle speeds.

Classification of Lathes
Lathes are very versatile of wide use and are classified according to several aspects: According to configuration
Vertical Horizontal

 According to purpose of use

General Purpose: Very versatile where almost all possible types of operations are carried out on wide ranges of size, shape and materials of jobs. Examplecentre lathes Single Purpose: Only one (occasionally two) type of operation is done on limited ranges of size and material of jobs. Example - facing lathe, roll turning lathe etc. Special Purpose: Example- Gear blank machining lathe

Other Classifications
According to size or capacity
Small Medium Large

According to degree of automation

Manual Semi-Automatic Automatic

 According to number of spindles

Single Spindle Multi Spindle

Materials used
For this machine HIMAC - Lx-175 All Geared Head Lathe Machine Bed is made from 25 Grade Cast Iron and is hardened up to 400 BHN hardness. Head Stock is made of cast iron. Spindle is made from alloy steel. All the gears in Head Stock are made from En-8 and with high range of speed. Tail stock is made of cast iron.

THANK YOU