Chemistry for Junior College Chapter 01 Stoichiometry Units in this chapter Unit 01 : particle counting Unit 02 : gas burning

Unit 03 : dissolving Unit 04 : redox equation Unit 05 : back titration Unit 06 : finding oxidation states Unit 07 : composition of minerals

Unit 01 : particle counting

U01 Q01 Which of the following contains 2 mol of the stated particles ? A. Bromine molecules in 35.5 gram of bromine gas B. electrons in 2 grams of hydrogen gas C. hydrogen ions in 1 dm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 aqueous hydrochloric acid. D. nitrogen atoms in 22.4 dm3 of nitrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure.

U01 Q01 Answer : B mass Mr mol H2 SO32mol e2 grams 2 2 1 2 = 1 mol 2 = 2 mol

U01 Q02 Which statement about 1 mol of a metal is correct? A. It will produce 1 mol of electrons when oxidised B. It contains the same number of atoms as grams of C12 C. It has the same mass as 1 mol of C12 atoms. D. It has the same number of atoms as 1 mol of Helium gas.

U01 Q02 Answer : D 1 mol of metal may produce more than 1 mol of electrons, depending on the type of metal. grams of C12 contains only mol C atoms The mass of 1 mol of metals vary depending on its relative molecular mass.

Unit 02 : gas burning U02 Q01 Propane (C3H8) burns in an excess of oxygen to produce steam and carbon dioxide. What is the volume of oxygen remaining when 20 cm3 of propane is burnt in 150 cm3 of oxygen? All volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. A. B. C. D. E. 100 cm3 50 cm3 20 cm3 130 cm3 170 cm3

U02 Q01 Answer : B C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O propane C3H8 before reaction Reacts after reaction 20 cm3 -20 cm3 0 cm3 Oxygen 150 cm3 -100 cm3 50 cm3

U02 Q02 Butane (C4H10) burns in an excess of oxygen to produce steam and carbon dioxide. What is the volume of oxygen remaining when 20 cm3 of propane is burnt in 200 cm3 of oxygen? All volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. A. B. C. D. E. 130 cm3 220 cm3 200 cm3 70 cm3 20 cm3

U02 Q02 Answer : D 2 C4H10 + 13 O2 8 CO2 + 10 H2O butane C4H10 before reaction Reacts after reaction 20 cm3 -20 cm3 0 cm3 Oxygen 200 cm3 -130 cm3 70 cm3

U02 Q03 In the absence of a catalyst, ammonia burns in an excess of oxygen to produce steam and nitrogen. What is the volume of nitrogen produced when 40 cm3 of ammonia is burnt in 90 cm3 of oxygen, all volumes being measured at the same temperature and pressure? A. B. C. D. E. 50 cm3 130 cm3 90 cm3 40 cm3 20 cm3

U02 Q03 Answer : E 4 NH3 + 3 O2 2 N2 + 6 H2O Ammonia NH3 before reaction Reacts after reaction 40 cm3 -40 cm3 0 cm3 Oxygen O2 90 cm3 -30 cm3 60 cm3 nitrogen N2 0 cm3 +20 cm3 20 cm3

Unit 03 : dissolving U03 Q01 A sample of 6.84 gram of aluminium (III) sulphate is dissolved in water to give 200 cm3 of aqueous solution. What is the concentration of SO42- ion? A. B. C. D. E. 0.1 mol dm-3 0.3 mol dm-3 0.02 mol dm-3 342 mol dm-3 0.0003 mol dm-3

U03 Q01Answer : B

Substance Mass Mr mol of Al2(SO4)3 mol of SO42- ion volume Concentration

aluminium sulphate Al2(SO4)3 6.84 gram 342 0.02 mol 0.06 mol 200 cm3 = 0.2 dm3 0.3 mol dm-3

U03 Q02 A sample of sodium phosphate Na3PO4 is dissolved in water to give 150 cm3 of aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.2 mol dm-3 Na+ ion. What is the mass of sodium phosphate ? A. B. C. D. E. 0.2 gram 0.0667 gram 0.01 gram 164 gram 1.64 gram

U03 Q02 Answer : E Substance sodium phosphate Na3PO4 0.01 23 164=1.64 gram 3+31+16 4=164 Na+

Mass Mr mol volume

0.0667

0.15=0.01 mol

150 cm3 = 0.15 dm3

concentration

0.2

3=0.0667 mol dm-3

0.2 mol dm-3

U03 Q03 The reaction of hydrogen sulphide with sulphur dioxide gives sulphur as one of the product. H2S(aq) S(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2eSO2(aq) + 4 H+(aq) + 4e- S(s) + 2 H2O How much sulphur is produced when 1 moles of H2S reacts with excess sulphur dioxide? A. B. C. D. E. 0.5 mol 1.0 mol 1.5 mol 2.0 mol 2.5 mol

U03 Q03 Answer : C When the 2 half equations are combined, the following equation is produced : 2 H2S(aq) + SO2(aq) + 2 H+(aq) 3 S(s) + 2 H2O ratio of mol of and H2S : S = 2 : 3 Hence 1 mol of H2S produces 1.5 mol of S.

U03 Q04 A sample of magnesium nitrate is dissolved in water to give 300 cm3 of aqueous solutionwith the concentration of 0.1 mol dm-3 NO3- ion. What is the mass of magnesium nitrate ? A. B. C. D. E. 1.11 gram 2.22 gram 4.44 gram 148 gram 1.48 gram

U03 Q04 Answer : B Substance magnesium nitrate Mg(NO3)2 nitrate NO3(0.015)(148)=2.22 gram 24+2 (14+16 3)=148

Mass Mr Mol Volume Concentration

0.015 mol 300 cm3 = 0.3 dm3 0.05 mol dm-3 0.1 mol dm-3

Unit 04 : redox equation U04 Q01 Sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 , is used to remove excess chlorine after bleaching process. S2O32- + 4 Cl2 + 5H2O 2 HSO4- + 8 H+ + 8 ClIn this reaction how many mols of electrons are supplied by 100 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 Na2S2O3 ? A. 0.01 B. 0.02 C. 0.04 D. 0.08 E. 0.06 U04 Answer : D The oxidation half equations of the reaction is as follows : S2O32- + 5H2O 2 HSO4- + 8 H+ + 8 eSubstance Mol Volume Concentration thiosulphate S2O32(0.1)(0.1)=0.01 mol 100 cm3 = 0.1 dm3 0.1 mol dm-3 electrons e0.08 mol

Unit 05 : back titration U05 Q01 A sample of 0.025 mol of the chloride of an element X was dissolved in distilled water and the solution was made up to 500 cm3. 10 cm3 of this solution reacts with 20 cm3 of 0.025 mol dm-3 Pb(NO3)2 to produce white precipitate. What is the formula of the chloride of X ? A. B. C. D. E. XCl XCl2 XCl3 X2Cl X3Cl

U05 Q01 Answer : B Pb2+ + 2 Cl- PbCl2 mol of Pb2+ = mol of Pb(NO3)2 = (0.020) (0.025) = 0.0005 mol mol of Cl- in 10 cm3 solution = (2) (0.0005) = 0.001 mol mol of Cl- in 500 cm3 solution = 500 10 (0.001) = 0.050 mol mol of X?+ in 500 cm3 solution = 0.025 mol X?+ : Cl- = 1 : 2

U05 Q02 A sample of 0.03 mol of the aluminium (III) chloride of an element X was dissolved in distilled water and the solution was made up to 500 cm3. 50 cm3 of this solution reacts with of 0.02 mol dm-3 Pb(NO3)2 to produce white precipitate. What is the volume of Pb(NO3)2 needed? A. 90 cm3 B. 9 cm3 C. 900 cm3 D. 0.9 cm3 E. 45 cm3

U05 Q02 Answer : A mol of AlCl3 in 500 cm3 solution = 0.03 mol mol of Cl- in 500 cm3 solution = (0.03) (3) = 0.09 mol mol of Cl- in 50 cm3 solution = (0.09) (50 500) = 0.009 mol Pb2+ + 2 Cl- PbCl2 mol of Pb2+ = mol of Pb(NO3)2 = (0.009) (2) = 0.018 mol volume of Pb(NO3)2 = 0.018 0.2= 0.09 dm3 = 90 cm3

U05 Q03 A sample of 2.12 gram of a carbonate solution was dissolved in distilled water and the solution was made up to 500 cm3. 25 cm3 of this solution reacts with 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 AgNO3 to produce white precipitate. What is the formula of the carbonate? A. B. C. D. E. MgCO3 K2CO3 Na2CO3 CaCO3 BaCO3

U05 Q03 Answer : C