Chapter 1 Study and Review Exercise Review Key Points 1.

The advancement of phlebotomy as a profession is because today it has become a valuable diagnostic tool with the improvement in technology and the development of computerized blood testing. 2. The phlebotomists primary responsibility is the collection of blood samples from patients using venipuncture or micro-collection techniques. The phlebotomist also facilitates the expedient collection and transport of specimens to the laboratory and is often the patients only contact with the medical lab. The phlebotomist ensures that the integrity of the draw and the patients comfort and safety are maintained. 3. The personal characteristics of a phlebotomy technician that employes find valuable are clinical skills, must be highly motivated, have a pleasant personality, work well under pressure, and be detail oriented, as well as compassionate and empathetic. 4. There are two broad division of law that affect the health care provider; civil law and criminal law. Civil law is defined as the law of private rights between persons or parties. Civil law actions comprise the majority of all health care cases. Civil law is based on tort law. Tort law is a civil wrong and is based on an act that is committed without just cause. The act may be intentional or unintentional. Criminal law is the division of law concerned with violations of laws established by local, state, or federal government agencies. Criminal laws are imposed to protect the public. Violations of these laws are called crimes. There is a strong relationship between tort law and criminal law. Many torts are considered crimes. What distinguishes the two from each other is the nature of the offense. A tort is a wrong against an individual and a crime is a wrong against a society. Criminal laws are divided into two classifications; felonies and misdemeanors. Misdemeanors are the lesser of the two crimes and are punishable by fines and or up to one year in jail. Felonies are the most serious types of crimes. 5. The regulatory agencies involved with health care OSHA which is occupational safety and health administration; passing of this law, it became mandatory for every employer with 1- or more employees to maintain a workplace free of recognized hazards. OSHA has the authority to ipose fines for noncompliance of standards. CLIA is the clinical laboratory imporvement amendments and it states that every facility in the country with a clinical laboratory must obtain a certificate from the federal government. This certificate assures the clients that all laboratory testing done in the facility meets federal standars. The laboratory myst agree to routine site inspections in order to maintain certification. CLIA also establishes levels of laboratory test certification and it is based on the complexity of the test. Sentence completion 1. The Hippocrates provided written documentation of the practice of bloodletting. 2. Even today bloodletting is a valuable tool in treating polycythemia and hemochromatosis. 3. A certification restablises that the individual has met the required competencies with the skills to perform as a credential phlebotomist. 4. Patients bill of rights, although not a legally binding document, is the standard to which all patients have the right to be treated. 5. Negligence occurs when a duty of care is breached unintentionally causing harm to the patient. 6. The burden of proof in providing malpractice or negligence is the responsibility of the client/patient. 7. OSHA is a division of the U.S. Department of Labor and is responsible for enforcing the Occupational Safety and Health Act. 8. Quality Assurance is a group of activities and programs designed to guarantee the highest level

of quality patient care 9. JCAHO is a program used in conjunction with QA/QC and is designed to minimize the exposure to the risk of loss or injury to both the health care provider and the patient. 10. TQM is a combination of concepts based on continuously improving services and client care through the involvement of all employees and is directed at customer satisfaction. Mutliple Choice 1. A device that consisted of a small box that contained 12 small driven rotary blades is called a scarificator 2. The medical leech is typically 3-6 inches in length and when full, contains from to 1 ounces of blood. 3. The agency that has set guidelines and standards for phlebotomy curriculum is OSHA. 4. A health care professional with a minimum of a masters degree in nursing and advanced education in a particular primary care group such as Peds, and who can practice independently is a nurse practitioner 5. A health care professional who treats patients with the restoration of physical strength and endurance, coordination, and range of motion through exercises, heat and cold therapy and massage is called a physical therapist. 6. A technoligist with an advanced degree in management who is responsible for overseeing all business operations of the laboratory is called the laboratory manager 7. A civil wrong that is based on an act that is committed without just cause such as negligence is called a tort 8. Assault, battery, and invasion of privacy are examples of intentional tort 9. Malpractice is a claim of improper treatment or negligence brought against a professional person and or entity by means of a civil lawsuit. 10. OSHA mandates all of the above are mandated by OSHA