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Table of contents
Topics Page No.

Introduction Passenger profiles Tourism and culture Research methodology Implications Behavior of senior and Nonsenior Travelers Types of pleasure trip taken Travel-related characteristics Cross-Cultural tourist Behavior Conclusion

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Introduction: There are varied types of travel and

travelers and their behavior also different. The behavior of the tourist depends on the ages, nationalities, and lifestyles in regard to vacation destination selection, the engage in while on vacation, and other similar factors.

Cruise consumer behavior: in 1844 Arthur

Anderson cofounder of the peninsula and oriental steam Navigation Company advertised the first sea voyage that could justify the description cruise; that is, a round trip for the purposes of pleasure and recreation rather than simply a method of transport. It was a significant event in tourism history for at lest two reasons: it initiated affordable, organized, pleasure-motivated sea travel, and it introduced English travelers, in greater number than ever before, to warmer shorts. Three ships were selected for this study, significantly different from each other in terms of size, age, quality, target market, and passenger profile. Some details of their history, physical features, facilities, and passenger capacity will help to make the analysis of passenger behavior more meaningful, as each ship offers a different product and thus attracts a different clientele.

Passenger profiles:
Tourists who choose cruiser are seeking experiences that are different from those they would have in resorts, sites, land-based tourist, and theme parks. mosocardo applied multidimensional scaling analysis to a Canadian leisure

survey with over 12000 response and concluder that cruise passengers choose the experience for the following reasons: Sense of romance Good value for money Excellent dining Quality entertainment Access to water-based activities Variety of destinations Opportunity to visit international destinations in controlled and organized way Safe

Passenger behavior:
Although the concept of a single cruise culture has been suggested the experience of these authors has been that this is no more sound than the concept of a single tourist culture. There are necessarily basic experiences and activities common to all cruises that involve the participation of either all or the great majority of passengers, but there are also a significant number of variations in the attitude and behavior, not only between one ship and another but among passengers on the same vessels, and these may be attributable to age, socioeconomic, or cultural factors which are by no means submerged within a common cruise culture.

Cross-culture tourist behavior:

Tourism and culture:

Culture is an umbrella word that encompasses a whole set of implicit, widely shared beliefs, traditions, values, and exceptions that characterize a particular group of people. It identifies the uniqueness of the social unit, its values and beliefs. Like nations, organizations, industries, and occupational groups have cultures too. Though, for the most part, these cultures have been neither extensively documented nor properly classified, the few case studies and short description that were made enable us to draw the conclusion that they do exist.

Travel-lifestyle profiles of older women:

The United States is unquestionable becoming an older and more affluent society. In 1984 the median age in the United States was31.3, compared to 29*.8 a decade earlier. Fabian Linder, veteran consumer researcher for the conference board, sums up the relevance of this market segment for marketers in general and travel marketers in particular: Todays 50 and-older are not only better educated than past generations of older people, they are also robust because of their awareness of the need for preventive health care. In addition, by all major economic measures-current income, financial assets, and net worth- todays older people are substantially better off than those who came before them. They are involved in more activities and they have more interest than previous generation, making them a promising

market for luxury goods and service and quality merchandise.

Research methodology:
The study reported here used data from a representative nationwide sample of 1650 house hold surveyed by market facts, Inc for the author and several of his colleagues during the late spring of 1984. The overall study was designed generally to replicate a similar one conducted by the author in the last spring of 1973. The house holds Consumer mail plan and the sample were balanced on five variables. The female head of household received a sixteen-page pink questionnaires booklet, while the male head received an eight-page white booklet. Two follow-up reminder postcards were sent out at two-week intervals. The 1650 households sample contained 872 households in which the female head indicated she was a married and778 household in which the female head indicated she was not married. The male questionnaires were sent to the 872 married households. A total of 1090 female questionnaires were returned for an overall responder rate of 66 percent. Of these, 605 returns came from unmarried households and 485 returns included both a female and a male questionnaire.

Implications
The following conclusions appear reasonable: 1. Women in the fifty-five to fifty-nine age group constitute an age-based segment with high interest in traveling overseas. 2. The best future customers are past customers; previous exposure to foreign travel predisposes one to want to return. 3. Three of the five age groups, including the seventyand-over group, were not primarily interested in relaxing on a vacation, suggesting that the common stereotype of lower energy over fifty is misleading. 4. The Puritan ethic lives; roughly 60 percent of the women study do not support the notion of travel now, pay later vacations. 5. Bi-city vacation or travel holds less appeal than alternative to women in these age groups. 6. The general profiles of women with a travel orientation is what one might predicate; higher education and income level, small household size, activeness, and acceptance of the uncertainty involved in travel. 7. Travelers different markedly; some like excitement and adventure, some prefer predictability, and some are content with vicarious experience and fantasizing television.

The importance of these finding lies both in a confirmation of the other studies result on the characteristics of travelers to areas outside the United States and in future developing the profile of older American women travelers.

Consumer Behavior of senior and Nonsenior Travelers:

Travel and tourism market face a high competitive environment brought on by the changing demographic of the U.S. population, the most significant change being the growth in size of the older segment of the population. Consumer age fifty-five and over represent one of the fastest growing segments of the population. This demographic market segment has been various labeled as the older market and the senior market. The term use in this study is senior market because it appears to be preferred by most of those who make up this market.

Methodology
A research project sponsored by tourism Canada report the perceptions, preferences and travel-planning behavior of u.s. pleasure travelers utilized personal interview to gather information from some 9000 travelers in last 1985. To be included in the study respondents must have been at least sixteen years old and have taken at least one pleasure trip during the three years preceding the study.

The respondents were asked to provide information on the types of trips they had taken the mode of travel, and the accommodations used. They were also asked whether they had used a commercially available packaged trip. For the purpose of the presents study, the trip types were defined as follows: 1. Visit to friends/relatives: a trip where the primary purpose is to spend time with friends and/relatives. 2. Close to home leisure trip: a trip to a place close to home where one can enjoy facilities related to a beach, lake, seashore, or park. 3. Touring vacation: a trip by car, bus, trains through areas of scenic beauty and cultural and general interest. 4. City trip: Journeys to a city where one can shop, visit museums, enjoy entertainments, attend plays or concerts, or just stroll around and enjoy the city. 5. Outdoor vacation: a trip to a natural area where one can engage in activities such as camping, hunting, fishing, and hiking. 6. Resort vacation- a journey to a resort or resort area where a wide charity of recreational activities, amenities, and facilities are available nearby or on the premises. 7. Cruise- a trip on a cruise ship where one enjoys all on board activities and planned stops at points of interest along the way. 8. Trip to theme park exhibition or special events- a trip taken primarily for the purpose of visiting a major

theme park, exhibition, or special event such as a super bowl, worlds fair, or the Olympic game.

Types of pleasure trip taken

Members of the youngest group are more likely to have taken a trip of the types in question, with the fifty-five to sixty-four age group members being less likely to have taken the trip type. In other cases, the reveres are true, with the youngest group being least likely to have taken the trip. In general, the under-fifty-five group was slightly more likely than one or both of the other groups to have taken a close-to-home pleasure trip, and city trip, an outdoor vacation, a resort vacation, and a trip to a theme park. The senior were more likely to have taken a trip to visit friends and relatives, a touring vacation or a cruise. The largest percentage difference appears to be in the outdoor vacation category, where just over 24 percent of the under fifty-five travelers had taken such a trip but only 14.8 percents of the fifty-five to sixty-four group and 8.9 percent of the sixty-five and older group had taken such a trip . This type of pleasure vacation may be more likely to want to engage in a variety of heavy physical activities, including skiing, hunting, and hiking. As one would expect, a trip to a theme park, exhibition, or special events is more popular among the under-fifty-fivesegment and a cruise trip is more preferred by seniors.

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Theme park trips are obviously more appealing to the nonsenior market because many members of this segment are likely to have children still at home. On the other hand, the seniors have empty nests and are free to take cruise trip with their spouses.

Travel-related characteristics: Transportation Mode

It is interesting to note that a linear relationship appears to exist with regard to the mode of travel and the three-age grouping. While for the under-fifty-five group members, the automobile is clearly the most professed means of the respondents increases. Bus travel On the other hand, is not a popular; model compared to an automobile or plane, but the older the respondent, the more likely they were to have used this mode of transportation for a pleasure trip. Accommodations used: Like the transportation mode use used by pleasure travelers, another important element of tourism marketing information is the type of accommodations used. It is informed to note that close to 40 percent of both fifty-five to sixty-four and over sixty-five groups prefer motels compared to some 30 percent of the nonseniors.

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Cross-Cultural tourist Behavior Cross- culture studies in Tourism

Until recently the role of the national cultural characteristics in determining tourist behavior has not been paid much attention in tourist research. However, the examination of cultural differences is especially relevant to the tourism industry for several reasons. Firstly, the industry has experience a growing internationalization in the past decade. Hence, considerable attention has been given to the globalization discussion and the relevance of cultural diversity. Secondly, cultural characteristics are especially relevant in tourism because they are vital to the attractiveness of the product itself. Finally tourism is a service industry where people from different nationalities meet.

Conclusion: We would like to thank Almighty Allah. Who

has given us the Strength to finish this assignment? To finish this work we face a little bit problem but we overcome this. After all we can complete our assignment easily. By this assignment we can get a lot of thing about the consumer behavior in travel and tourism and help us improve our personal skill about Tourist behavior.