2009 JC1 H2 Chemistry (9647) Atomic Structure Consolidation Exercise

10
15 mins

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Instructions: Answer all the questions on the question paper. All relevant workings should be shown for marks to be awarded. Section A: Structured Question (4 marks) 1. The third ionisation energies of 10 consecutive elements from Period 2 and Period 3 in the Periodic Table are plotted in the graph below.

Third IE

Element [1]

(a) Write the full electronic configuration of element J. Element J has the lowest 3rd I.E. Removal of a valence electron from metal ion, J2+, results in the attainment of a stable octet configuration. Favourable Less amount of energy needed Lowest 3rd ionisation energy Hence, Element J must be a Group III element. Electronic configuration of J: 1s22s22p63s23p1 [1]

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(b) State the formula of the compound formed between element E and J. [1] Element E is a Group VI element (ie oxygen) Formula of compound: J2E3 or Al2O3. [1] (c) Explain the reasons for the difference in the third ionisation energy between elements K and L. [2] Element K is in Group IV(i.e. Si); electronic configuration:1s 2s 2p 3s 3p2 K2+ (g) 1s22s22p63s2 K3+ + e 1s22s22p63s1 [1/2]
2 2 6 2

Element L is in Group V (i.e. P); electronic configuration: 1s22s22p63s23p3 L2+ (g) 1s22s22p63s23p1 L3+ + e 1s22s22p63s2

The third I.E of K (i.e. Si) involves the removal of a 3s electron. [1/2] The third I.E of L (i.e. P) involves the removal of a 3p electron, which is from a higher energy orbital. [1/2] Less energy is required to remove the 3p electrons in L2+(i.e. P2+) than the 3s electron in K2+ (i.e. Si2+). [1/2] Therefore, third IE of K (i.e. Si) > third IE of L (i.e. P).

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Section B : Multiple Choice Questions (6 marks)

Question Answer 1 D 2 D 3 B 4 D 5 C 6 B

1. Four beams, one each of electrons, helium atoms, carbon-12 (12C) nuclei and carbon-14 (14C) nuclei, travelling at the same speed from different sources are subjected to an electric field. The paths of the four beams are shown in the diagram below.

F G

source I

Which of the following shows the correct identities of each of the beams? A B C D F Electron Electron Electron Electron G Carbon-14 Carbon-14 Helium atom Helium atom H Carbon-12 Helium atom Carbon-12 Carbon-14 I Helium atom Carbon-12 Carbon-14 Carbon-12

2. Element X and Element Y have the following successive ionization energies, in kJmol-1, as shown in the table below: X Y 870 577 1800 1820 3000 2740 3600 11600 5800 14800 7000 18400 13200 23300

Which of the following compound would be formed between element X and Y? A B C D X2Y XY2 X2Y3 X3Y2

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3. The plot below shows the variation of the first nine successive ionization energies of an element Z.
Successive IE

Order of electrons removed

Which of the following information regarding Z is correct? A B C D 4. Z has more than three occupied quantum shells in its atomic structure. Z has 2 unpaired valence electrons in its atomic structure. 6th and 7th electrons of Z are in different subshell but in same quantum shell. Z is likely to achieve noble gas electronic configuration after removing its first nine electrons. Consider the following atoms and ions: Atom / Ion T W+ X+ Y2ZNumber of neutrons 15 15 16 17 17 Number of electrons 11 10 13 11 12

Which atom is an isotope of T? A B C D W X Y Z

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5. The graph below show the variation in second ionization energies of some elements across the period.
Second ionization energies -1 / kJ mol

D X X+1 X+2 X+3 X+4

atomic number

Figure 1 Which of the following will be a possible electronic configuration of element D? A B C D 1s22s22p63s23p1 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p63s23p2 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s2

6. Which of the following best explains why the first ionization energy of Argon, Ar is higher than that of Sulphur, S? A B C D The nuclear charge in Ar is greater than in S. Ar has a stable octet configuration but S does not. S is more electronegative than Ar. Inter-electron repulsion exists in the doubly filled 3p orbital of S.

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