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VCtOs 1nO thIn2s1s mCtC than 1ttIC1V InKCO, VIt
nCss thC ptCmInCnCC CI CnCmatCpCCIa anO thC ptIn-
CIpC CI `sImIItuOC In thC 1OunOant unIVCts1 an-
2u1C sCCmCs OI thC OCtICO. n thC nInCtCCnth
CCntutV CmantCIs m s IntCnsC 1CsthCtICs |CspCCIaV
In thC pCCttV C!aatm) CCnICttCO upCn thC NCtO
amVstICasuOst1ntI1ItVaI!CtOIn2thCVtItCtnCVst1t
utC1s hCIt tO thCrCI2ICusVIsICn1tV anO thCCpIChCtC
n Ot OVn O1V n1 V a CCmCX, m1thCmatICCO,
OutsttCCCnI1OC V1tIatICnn thCthCmCICsInthC
VtK OI thC L1tCsIan In2Ist am LhCmsKV
hC mVstIC1 1tCnIC OCntICatICn CIVCtOs VIth
thC CssCnCCs OI thIn2s s Vh1t m1nV C! PatttC s
C1nVasCs VIOrusV 1ssaut . ust 1s n b1ussutC1n In-
2uIstICs VCtOs OO nt `tC!Ct tC thIn2s, In P1tIttC
butC1Ism thC p1IntCt s Ima2Cs OC nCt tC1V
`tCsCmOC 1nVthIn2 VhCsC sCVCtCIn ptCsCnCC
VCuO CnO It thC aspCCt C!a mCOC Ct CtI2In. hCn
o Tren:|e|c': InrcJ:|icn
C s1V CnChIn rCsCmOCs 1nCtCr, aItCr 1 , VC Im-
OV that thC attCr Is sCmChC CntCCIC1V suOCrCr
tC, mCrC ` r1 than thC ICrmCr~thC CCOV OrCOIC1tCs
ItsCXIsCnCC ueCCOV) uOCnVhatCVCrItsuOmIssIVCV
ImItatCs aCr sChCCs CI ttaOItICna \CstCrn
thCuhtVCC unaOC OCItIVCVtC sCO1r1tCanuaC
IrCm Is COCCts . bImI1rV, CassICa O1IntIn~usIn
tCChnIuCs r1nIn !rCmOCrsOCCtIVCtC |rcmc-| 'i|
attCmOtCO C IOCntIIV sCCnCs Cr Im1Cs VIth tC
`mCOCs tt InsOIrCO thCm. Ps CuC1ut nCtCs,
hCVCVCr, suCh 1 thCCrV CI rCOrCsCnt1tICn rCIn-
trCOuCCO OCursVC 1!rm1tCn ntC 1 sO1CC IrCm
ICh It h1O suOOCsCOV OCCn CCCCO. ntC tC O1Int-
In, In thCCrV 1n CCusIVCV VIsua OrCOuCtICn, tCrC
CrCCOs d sCCrCt, InCsCaOaOV InustIC CCmCt ` Is
O1IntCO I m1C ist1t thIn
CV tC O1Is rCsCmO1nCC 1nO Its ImOICIt OurOCn
CI OIs CCursC: 1rIttC s sr1tCV InVCVCs OCpCVn
1rCV I1mII1r ImaCs , Out ImaCs CsC rCCC-
nIz1OIItV Is ImmCOI1tCV suOVCrtCO 1nO rCnOCrCO
mCCt OV `I mOCssIO C, `IrratICn1 , Cr `s CnsCCss
CCn1unCtI Cns. n L'Ep|:e|icn , tC mCs COVI-
Cus tIn 1OCt C C1rrCt mCt1mCrOCsIn IntC tC
VInC OCttCIs t1t It is nc| OCCs nCt rCprCOCC, rCprC-
sCnt, Cr InuIstIC1V aIrm 1nV 1Ctua C1rrCt Cr OCt-
tC. hC mImCtICCVCrCVIn CIthCInnCr C1nV1sCs In
thC CcnJi|icnumeincs CrICs Is sC OCrICCt th1tC 1utC-
m1tICaV unCrst1nO tCV h1VC nCtIn tC OC VIth
1Ctu1 p1IntIns Cr 1nOsC1OCs C rC1 Ir1mC CCn-
ICrmstC tCrCCCtICn CI1 OCOV VIththC1CtVCsCnsu-
1tV CI Rcrcscn|e|icn )1nO sC Cn.
CsOItC hIs OCICIIn ` thC1sCCnOanCV CIOCCtrVCVCr
O1Intn, thus, 1rIttC s suOVCrsIVCCntCrOrIsC I1s
Trcn:|c|cr': IntrcJ:ticn V
VC VIthn thC atInuIstICOrCtam C!mCOCtnI sm.
rCm CC 1nO anOInsKV !CtVatO, mCOCrn art OC-
CatCs that a OaIntIn Is nCthIn CtCt than ItsC!, au-
tCnCmCus!tCmthC an2ua2C tat ICs OutICO IntCOtC-
sCntatICnarCaIs. utVIC tC OrCOCmInant mCOC
!Ct mCOCtnIsm s OCCatatICn C! InOCOCnOCnCC has
OCCn aOsttaCtICn, Pa2tIttC usCs ItCtaIsm tC unOCt-
mInC ItsC n VICV C!Its sttIKIn2 OCatIn2 CtC, CCn-
sIOCr thC !CCVIn2 OassaC !rCU Lcs Mcs c| |c:
:c:c:-cicicd V anCthCr VCrK OV 1nCthCt atIst,
Out COuaV CranC !Cr Pa2tIttC
IHC tCaIIUD U an2ua2C !U DaID!ID2 I8 an InHnIIC tCaIIUn. l!
I8 DU! !HaI VU:O8 a:C IDDCtCC! U: !Ha!, VHCn CUn:Un!CO DV
!HC VI8IDC, !HCV D:OVC In8uDCtaD\ InaOCOua!C. CI!HC: Can
OC tCOuCCO IU IHC U!HCt8 !CtD8. II I8 ID VaIn !Ha! VC 8aV
VHaI VC 8CC, Vhat VC 8CC DCVCt tC8IOC8 In VHa! VC 8aV.
nO I! I8 In VaID !Ha! VC aI!CDD! !U 8HUV, DV !hC u8C U
IDa2C8. DC!aDHUts, Ut 8IDIC8, VHaI VC atC 8a\In2, !HC
8DaCC VHCtC !HCV aCHICVC IHCIt 8DCnOUt I8 DUI !HaI OC-
DU\CO DV Uu: CVCs DU! !HaI OCHnCO DV !hC 8CuuCD!Ia CC-
DCnI8 U 8Vn!aX. nO tHC DtUDCt DaDC, In !HI8 CUn!CXI, I8
DC:CV an at!IHCC. ! 2IVC8 u8 a Hn2Ct !U DUIn! VI!H, In U!HCt
VU:O8, !U Da88 8uI:CDII!IUu8\ tUD !HC 8DaCC VhCtC UnC
8DCaK8 IU IHC 8DaCC VHCtC UnC UUK8, In OIHCt VUtO8, IU OO
UnC UVC: IhC UIHC: a8 I !hCV VCtC COuIVaCn!8.`
CuC1ut 1CCCnts !Cr thC sI mutanCCusV !amIIat
anO nCntCOtCsCntatICna uaItV C!Pa2tIttCs Ima2Cs
OV OtaVIn a OItInCtICn OCtVCCn rc:cmo|cn:c anO s|-
m|||uJc . CsCmanCC, saVs CuCaut, `OtCsumCs a
OtmatV rC!CrCnCC that OrCsCtIOCs anO CassCs CCOICs
Cn tC OasIs C!tC tI2Ct C!tCIt mImCtIC tCatICn tC
ItsC!. C sCmOanCC sCrVCs anO Is OCmInatCO OVtCOrC-
|
Trcas|ccr's |n|rcJu:||cn
sntatICn. \It sImIItuOC, Cn tC CtCr anO, tC
rICrCnCC ` anCCr Is CnC. Ins arC Cast aOrIIt,
CrC Cr Css IKC CnC anCtCr VItCut anV C!tCm
OCIn 1OC tC CaIm tC OrVICCO status C!` mCOC
IOr tC rCst. ICrarCVIVCs VaV tC a sCrICs C!CXCu-
sIVCV atCra rCatI Cns . ` sImItuOCCIrCuatCs tCsI mu-
aCrum as tC InOCnItC anO rCVCrsIOC rCatICn CItC
sImIar tC tC sI mIar. aIntIn OCCCmCs an CnOCss
sCrCs CIrCpCtItICns , VarIatICns sCt IrCC IrCma tCmC.
C OatC, CuCaut as OCCn InCCnsIstCntV sCrVCO OV
s sCVCra transatCrs , saVC an CrIOan CpC tO
VC aVCIOCO at Cast tC VCrst IaIurCs CI tC past
CaOCrs VC CCmparC tC prCsCnt VCrsI Cn tC tC
rCnC tCXt maV nCtICC tat aVCmaOC sCmC nCCn-
VCntICna CCICCs . n mCst CasCs tC rCasCns VI OC
CVIOCnt, tInK, I InCtunIVCrsaV CCnVInCIn. CrC
sa mCntICn CnV a ICV CnCra ruCs . InCC tC In
OICatIVC IunCtICn C!artICCs anO OCmCnstratiVCs VarICs
CCnsIOCraOVOCtVCCnrCnCanOLnI s, aVCtrICO
tC aVCIO Vat VCu sCunOIKC a stItCO aCaOCmICism
O CItCn rCnCrn(6 as ||cratCrtan|||s . IKCVI sC,
q| at tImCs appCars as ratCr tan ||:| !CCV-
InLnIs usaC

ICr rCstrICtIVC VCrsus nCnrCstrICtIVC

mCOIIVIn CausCs .
CaOCrs VI Hn numCrCus rCICrCnCCs tC OartICuar
VCrOs OaIntCO OV arIttC IntC tC COs CIVarICus
VCrKs . n suC CasCs, tC VCrOs matCrIa an ura-
tIVC asOCCts arC as I mOCrtant as tCIr sInIHCatICns
CCnsCOuCntV aVC CIt tCm untransatCO In tC tCXt
anO aVC IVCn tC LnIs mCanIns n !CCtnCtCs .
aVC OCnC tC samC !Cr tC tItCs CIOaIntIns, arCV
as a mattCr CIpCrCna tastC
Tns|c|cr's |a|rcJ:||cn 11
nC OrCOCm I transatIn CuCaut Is tDat C!ptC-
sCrVIn2 a sCnsC C tDC autCt s VIt. CuCautIan
auhtCr Is OrCsCt CVCn In DIs mCst sCtICus VCtKs ,
aOCIt usuaV In ratCt mCtOant tCnCs. Cc:| n'cs|cs
nc|c IntrCOuCCs 1 Css IamIIar umCt, a OaVIu,
punnIn VOICC naratIn a InO CIanaVtICa CartCCn.
tIs aCCrnuCCpIaCIVCOp1Vs , VIsCCraCs anOsap-
stIC rCpCtItICns, manV C VIC arC CItCr un-
transataC Cr CsC rCOuIrC sC muC CXpanatICn 1s tC
C tCOICus. aC ICCtnCtCO CnC Cr tVC InstanCCs
VCrC CttIn t1OC Is nCCCssarV ICr ICCVIn tC
1rumCnt, CsCVCC 1VC 1CVCO tC umCr tC
CsCaOC r1tCr tan CaOCr It~nCt a appV sCutICn,
pCr1psnC sCutIC 1t a . nmCst CICuCauts VCr
VCrO amCs aC uOIOuItOus In Cc:| n
'
cs|cs unc|c
tCV arC V1t CaVCn t C 1OstraCtI Cns, OrCVCnt tC
mInutIaC IrCm OCCCmIn COprCssIVC, anO uarantCC
tC CssaVs HOCItV tC tC IsCuCIanCC CI aIttCs
CVn art.
PCIVIC pCsCs a a OuCstICn. CVDatOCrCC
JccsCuCauts OIpCrCmaIn !aItDul tC Pa2tIttC sCr
tC mCOCrn att CrItIC Ct ItCrIan, sttCn2V suspCCt
tat muC C!CuCaut s InVCstIatICnVI aOOCa sus-
CCt. IO CassICa paIntIn2, ICr CXamOC, rCaV at-
tCmOttCCstaOIsItsC!` CntItCVCutsIOCan2ua2C s
au C s VCtK ttuV tCCtCO In OtCaKIn2 OCVn tDC
sCpatatICn OCtVCC In2uIstIC sI2ns anO 2tapDIC
saOCs r anOnsKV s n tuptutIn tDC CuIVaCnCC
CtVCCntCsCmOanCanOa!tmatICnanPatIttC s
VCtK OC unOCtstCCO as CCntInuIn2 tDC samC suO-
VCtsICn
burCV manV rCaOCs VI CDCCsC tC OIsa2tCC. 1ut
traOItICna DCtmCnCutICs atC nCItDCt CuCaut s am
IZ
Trcns|c|cr's |n|rcJ:|| ca
nCr hIs IntCrCst. nOCCO, thC CI1nOCOnCss VIt
VICh C OIsC1rOs 1CCCOtCO IOC1s In I1VCr C! nCV,
OrCVIsICn1, CItCn hIhV OrCVCKIn CnCs Is thC O1sIs
!Cr Vh1t sCmC OCCOC nO mCst CCmpCIn In Is
VCrK, 1sVC1s ICr V1t CtCrsnOCstInIurI1tin
Ct It Is 1sC truC t1t tC OIsrC1rO tC CttCr CIthC
1V Is sCmCtImCs tC OrCsCrVC Its sOIrI t. Ps thIs IttC
OCCK sC 1musInV OCmCnstr1tCs , tC CII1CCmCnt CI
OCnOs 1nO thC CCCOr1tICn CI OII!CrCnCC 1rC CCrt1InV
nC1r thC CCntCr C! P1rIttC s 1rt tIm1tCV, thus ,
Cc:| a 'c:| pcs ac p|pc OCth CsC1OCs IrCm 1nO VCt rC
turns tC Its `suOCCt OV 1 VIIu sCI-IOCr1tICn IrCm
1nVthIn uOCnVhIChIt mIht OC COICO s1VIsV tC
`CCmmCnt . Lr 1s CuC1ut nCtCs CsCVhCrC, `hC
OC1th CI IntCrOrCt1tICn Is tC OCICVC th1t thCrC 1rC
sIns, sIns th1t CXIst OrI m1V, CrIIn1V, rC1V, 1s
CChCtCnt, OCrtInCnt, 1nO sVstCm1tIC m1rKs. . . . hC
IIC CIIntCrOtCt1tICn, CnthCCCntr1rV, Is tCOCICVCth1t
thCrC 1rC CnV IntCrOtCt1tICns .
1mCs 1rKnCss
hc|crc||c|, ^cu Ycr|
j|y 1V1
Jhi. : `J| it
I
Tuc Pipcs
C Htst VCtsICn tat C! 1VZ OCICVC a CatC!V
OtaVn OIOC, anO unOCtnCath It hanOVtIttCn In a
stCaOV, OaInstaKIn2, attIHCIa s CtIOt, a sCtIOt !tCm tC
CCnVCnt, IKC tat !CunO hCaOIn2 tDC nCtCOCCKs C!
sChCCOCVs, Cr Cn a OaCKOCarO a!tCt an CO CCt
CssCn) , ts nCtC hIs Is nCt a OIC.
hC CthCt VCtsICntC ast, assumCCan OC
!CunO In zubt 1 /znltU0dt:. hC samC OIOC, samC
statCmCnt, samC anOVtItIn2 ut InstCaO C! OCIn2
utaOCsCO In a nCutta, ImItCss, unsOCCICO sOaCC,
tC tCt anO tC H2utC aC sCt VItDIn a !tamC. hC
!tamC ItsC!Is OaCCO uOCn an CasC , anO tC attCt In
tutn uOCn thC CCarV VIsIOC sats C!tC HCCr . POCVC
CVCrVtIn2, a OIO CaCtV IKC tC CnC In tDC OICturC,
Out mC ar2Cr.
C Htst VCrsICn OIsCCnCCtts us OV Its VCrV sIm-
pICItV hC sCCCn mutIpIs ntCnICna amOI2uItICs
OC!CrC Cut CVCs . btanOIn2 uOtI2t a2aInst thC CasC
anO rCstIn2 Cn VCCOCn OC2s, tC !tamC InOICatCs tat
tIs Is an attIst s OaIntIn2 a HnIsCO VCrK ChIOItCO
anO OCatIn2 !Ct an CVCntua VICVCt thC statCmCnt that
CCmmCnts uOCn Ct CXOaIns It. PnO VCt tIs naIVC
Io Tn|s Is !c| P|c
1nOVtItIn. nCItCtOtCCIsCVtCVCrK stItCnCrCnC
CIItsOCtCtIaCCmCnts , tCaOsCnCCCIanVCtCrtr1CC
CItC1ttIst sOtCsCnCC, tCrCunCss CIthCCnsCmO C,
tC VI OC sats CI tC HCCt~CVCrVtIn suCsts a
O1CKOC1tOIn a CasstCCm CraOs a sVIOCC!tC ta
sCCn CrasC thC Ot1VI 1nO tC tCXt CtaOs It
ICtasCCnVCnCCtthCCtCt. InCtOCttC CCttCCttC
CrtCt Or1VIn sCmCthIn tat VI ttuV nCt OC a
OOC. Cr CsC VtItn 1 sCntCnCC 1IHrmn tat tIs
IndCCO Is 1 pIOC . P tCmOCtarV sIp a mIs-VtItIn
suCstIn a mIsunOCtstanOIn t1tCnCCstutC VI
OIssIOatC In VItC Oust:
uttsIsstICnVtCC1stCI tCamOIuItICs , CrC
1rCsCmC CtCrs . CtC atC tVCpIOCs LrratCrmust
nCt saV. tVC OtaVIns C!tC samC p pC: LtVCt a
OIOC anO tC OtaVIn CI tat OIpC, Ct VCt aaIn tVC
Ot1VIns C1C rCOrCsCntIn a OIIICrCnt pIOC: Lr tVC
Or1VIns. CnC rCOrCsCntIn 1 pOC anO tC CtCr nCt.
Cr tVC mCrC OtaVIns VCt. CIVIC nCItCr tC CnC
nCr tC CtCr 1rC Cr tCOtCsCnt OIOCs : Lt VCt a1In. 1
Or1VIn tCprCsCntI n nCt 1 OIOC 1t a Out anCthCr
Or1VIn. ItsCIrCOrCsCntn 1 ppC sC VC th1t must
1sK mVsCI C Vat OCCs tC sCntCnCC VrttCn In tC
OaIntIn rCatC: ` bCC tCsC InCs 1ssCmC Cn tC
O1CKOCatO~V1nV OC tCV tCsCmOC. VItCut tC
Cast OItCssICn Cr InHOCItV Vat s OIsOaVCO aOCVC
tCm. PaKC nC mIstaKC, tC pIOC Is CVCrCaO. nCt n
tIs CIIs sCtaV .
Ct OCth1Os tC sCntCnCC tCIts OrCCIsCV tC tC OIs-
prCpCrtICn1tC. CatIn. IOC1 OIpC~sImOC nCtICn Cr
I1nt1sV C!a pIOC hCn VC sCuO aVC tC tCaO. `C
nCt CCK CVCtCaO ICr a ttuC OIOC. at Is 1 OIOC
OrCam t s tC OtaVIn VItIn tC paIntIn. HrmV
Tuc Pics 1
anO tI2CtCusV CutInCO, that must OC aCCCOtCO as a
manI!Cst ttuth.
1ut ItstI sttICsmC thatthC OIOCtCOtCsCntCOInthC
OtaVIn2~O aCKCatO Ct CanVas, IttC mattCt~thIs
CVCt OIOC Is VCO2CO sCIOV In a sOaCC C!VIsIOC
tC!CtCnCC OCInts. VIOth thC VtIttCn tCXt, thC uOOCt
anO CVCt OCtOCts C!thC !t1mC) , hCIht thC sIOCs C!
tC!tamC, thCC1sC s mCunts) , anOOCOththCtCCVCs
C!thC CCt) . P taOC OtIsCn n thC CthCt hanO, thC
IhCt OIOC aCKs CCCtOInatCs. ts CnCtmCus OtCOCt-
tICns tCnOCt unCCttaIn Its CCatICn an COOCsItC C!CCt
tC that !CunO In Tcm|ccu Jcs |u||curs, ` VhCtC thC 2I
antIC Is Cau2ht InsIOC thC mCst OtCCIsC sOaCC) . s thC
dIsptCOCttIOnatC OIOC OtaVn In !tCnt C!thC OaIntIn2,
hIChItsC!tCsts!atInOaCK tInOCCOIsItsusOCnOC
ust aOCVC thC CasC IKC an CmanatICn, a mIst 1 ust
dCtaChIn2ItsC!ItCmthCOaIntIn2~OIOCs mCKCtaKIn
tC !Ctm 1nO tCnOnCss C!1 OIOC, thus COOCsIn2 anO
tCsCmOIn2 thC OIOC |aCCCtOIn2 tC thC samC OaV C!
1naC2V anO CCnttast!CunOOCtVCCnthCVOCtCus anO
tC sCIO In thC s CtICs La Bc|c| | | c Jc |'Acnnc")? t
IhtVCnCt sOOCsC, InhC CnO, thatthC OIOCCats
CInd thC OaIntIn2 anO tC CasC , mCtC 2I2antIC than
ItaOOCats nth1t CasC It VCOOCIts uOtCCtCOOCOth,
tC InnCt OImCnsICn tuOtutIn2 thC CanVas Ct OanC
1nO sVV, In 1 sOaCC hCnCC!Ctth VIthCut tC!CtCnCC
pCInt, CXOanOIn tC InnItV
POCut CVCn tIs amOIuItV, hCVCVCt, am amI
uCus t tathCt Vhat aOOCats tC mC VCt OuOICus Is
thC smOC COOCsItICn OCtVCCn thC hI2hCt OIOC s OIs-
CCatCO OuCVanC anO thC staOIItV C!thC CVCt CnC
CCIn2 a OIt mCtC CCsCV, VC CasIV OIsCCtn that thC
ICCt C!thC CasC, suOOCttIn2 thC !tamC VhCtC thC Can-
T||s |s ^c|0 P|c
Vas Is CO anO VCrC tC OraVIn Is COCO~tCsC
ICCt, rCtIn uOCn a CCr maOC sa!C anO VIsIOC OV Its
CVn CCarsCnCss , atC In !aCt OCVCCO CV tCuCh CnV
OV trC tInV OCInts, rCOOIn tC CnsCmOC, ItsCI
sCmCVat OCnOCrCus, C!a staOIItV. Pn ImpCnOIn
Ia: C CapsC C! CasC, IramC, CanVas Cr OanC ,
OraVIn, tCt: bpIntCrCO VCCO, IramCntCO saOCs ,
CttCrs CattCrCO CnC !rCm antCr untI VCrOs Can
OCraOs nC CnCr OC rCCCnstItutCO: P ts IttCr Cn
tCrCnO, VICaOVC, thCarC pIOCVItCut mCa-
surC Cr rCICrCnCC pCInt VI InCr In Its InaCCCssIOC.
OaCCnIKC I mmCOIItV:
Z
T|c |nrevc|cJ Cc||igrcm
1rIttC s Or1In !Cr tC mCmCnt spCaK CnV C!
CrstVCrsICn) Is assImOCas 1 OaCOCrtCVCO!rCm
1OOt1nIC1m1nua a urCanOtCtCXtthatnamCsIt
OtIn Is CasICr tC rCCCnIC than 1 pIOC, OtaVn
tus nCtIn Is CasICr tC saV~Cur 1nu1C KnCVs It
Cin Cur OaCC~th1n tC `namC CI1 pIOC CV,
V1t COs thC HutC Its stt1nCnCss I s nCt tC
`CCntr1OICtICn OCVCCn thC ImaC 1nO tC CXt . Ct
1 OOO rCasCn Cntt1OICtICn CCuO Cst CnV OC-
tVCCn tVC s1tCmCnts, Cr IthIn CC 1nO thC s1mC
statCmCnt CrCthCrCIs CCatVOutCnC, anOIt CannCt
OC CCntraOICtCrV OCCausC thC suO1 CCt C!thC ptCOCsI-
tIC Is a sImOCOCmCnstrtIVC. asC, thCn, OCC1usCIts
`rCICrCnt~COVICusVa OIOC~OCCsnCtVCrI!V It:ut
VhO VCuO sCrICusV CCntCnO hat thC CCCCtICn C!
IntCrsCCtIn InCs OCVC thC tCXt |s 1 OIpC ust C
saV PV CO, hCV sImOCmInOCO C st1tCmCnt Is
OCrICCtV ttuC, sInCCItIs uItCapparC th1ttCOraV-
ItCprCsCntInthCpIOCIsnCtthCpIOCItsC!. PnOVCt
tCrC Is a CCnVCntICn C! 1nuaC \1t Is tIs Or1V-
In: \hV, It Is a Ca!, 1 suarC, 1 CCr Pn CO
CustCmnCt VItCut OasIs, OCC1usCtCCntIrC!unCtICn
C! sO sCCarV, sO 1C1OCmIC 1 Or1VIn Is tC CICIt
U T||s |s ^c| 0 P|c
rCCntI Cn, tC a CVthCC1 CCtIt rCprCCnt tC appCat
tCut hCItatICn Ct COuIVCCatICn C mattCt tat It
hCDatCrIa OCpCIt, Cn a hCCtC! papCrCra OaCK-
CarO, C! a IttC taphtC Cr a thIn Out C! Cha t
CC nCt ` aI IKC an arrCV Cr a pCIntCr tCVar a
artICuat pIpC In thC OItanCC Cr CCVCrC t |s a
pC.
at mICaO u I tCInCVItaOIItV C! CCnnCCtIn
t tCXt tC tC OraVIn a tC OCCntratIVC prC-
nCun, thCCanIn C! tC VCtO|pc anO thCKCnC
C! thC I maC anVtC u tC OC hCtC) anOthCIpC-
IIItV C! OCHnIn a pCrpCCtIVC that VCuOCt u aV
th1t tC CttICn I truC, IaC, Cr CCntraOICtCrV.
CannCt O thC nCtICnthat thCCrCCtVhCrCIC
In an CpCtatICnrCnOCtCOInVIIOC OVthC ICIt C!
It rCut, Out VhICh aCnC Can CXpaIn thC VauC un-
CaInC rCVCKCO. C CpCtatICn I a CaIra that
a2tIttC ha CCtCt CCntruCtCO, tCn CarC!uV un-
raVCCO. aCh CCmCnt C! tC HurC, tCIr tCCIprCCa
pCItICn anO tCIr rCatICnhIp OCtIVC IrCm thI prC-
CC , annuCO a CCn a It ha OCCn aCCCDpIhCO
ChInO th OtaVn anO tCC VCtO , OC!CrC anVCnC
aVrIttCnanVthInata, OCICrCthC!CrmatICnC! tC
pICturC nO VIthIn I tthC OraVIn C! thC pIpC) , OC!CtC
thC atC, CatIn pI pC a appCarCOVC mut a-
umC, OCICVC, tht a CaIraD a !CrmCO, tCn
unraVCCO. CrC VC haVC CVIOCnCC C! IaIurC anO It
- + -
rn rCma .
n It mICnnI a traOItICn, tC CaIra ha a trpC
rCC tC auDCnt thC aphaOCt, tC CpCat CCtIn
VItCut aIO C! rhCtCrI C, tC trap tn In a OCC
CIpCr. Irt It OrIn a tCt anO apC a CCC tC
T|c Lncc|cJ Ccll|vrcm Z1
CtCt a pCIOC. t I CCmpCCO C!InC OCImItIn
tC !Crm C! an CO1 CCt VhIC aC artanIn thC C-
OuCnCC C! CttCrs t COC tatCCnt I n thC paCC C!
a sapC, anO maKC thC tCt scy Vat thC OtaVIn
cpc:cn|s. Ln tC CnC hanO, It apaOCtIzC thC IOCC-
ram. pCpuatCs I t VIt OICCntInuCu CttCts, anO
u IntCtrCatC tC sICnCC C! unIntCtruptCO InC

ut Cn thC CtCthanO, It OIttIOutC VrItInIn a paCC

nC Cn2Ct pCsCIn thC nCuttaItV, CpCnnCs anO
InCtt OanKnC C! papCr t !CtCC thC IOCCtam tC
artanC ItsC! aCCCtIn tC thCaV C!a ImutanCCu
!Ctm Ct tCOInK C! an CVC, It tCOuCC phCnCtICIm
tC a mCtC tCV nCIC CCmpCtIn thC CCntCur !tC
apC, OutItrCnOCtCutInCa a thInKInthatutOC
pICrCCO In CtOCr tC !CCV, VCrO !Ct VCtO tC Cut-
pCutIn It IntCrna tCt
C CaIam I thu tautCC2ICa . 1ut In p
pCItICn tC rhCtCrIC hC attCt tCV VIth thC !unC
C! anuaC. t uC thC pCIOIItV C! rCpCatIn thC
amC thIn I n OI!!CtCnt VCrO, anO ptCHt !rCm thC
Ctta rICnC C! anuaCthataV utC aV OI!!Ct-
Cnt tIn2s VIta InC CrO. hC CCnCCC!thCtCtIC
I In aCCrV. hC CaIram uC that CapaCItV C! Ct-
tCt tC InI!V OCth a InCar CCmCnt that Can OC
attanCOInpaCCanOaInthatut untC aCCCtO-
In tC a unIOuC ChaIn C! CunO P a In, thC CttCt
pCtmItu tCHVCtO, aInC, ItCtu IVC hapC tC
tIn. u tC CaIram apItC paV!uV tC C!!aCC
tCCOCst CppCsItICn C! Cut apaOCtICa CIVIIzatICn
tC sCV anO tC namC, tC sapC anO tC aV, tC rC-
ptCOuCCanO tC attICuatC, tC ImItat anO tC I2nIIV, tC
CCK anO tC rCaO
T|is Is ^ct 0 Pic
uruIn It OuarrV V tVCpath , thCCaIram Ct
thC mCtpCr!CCt trap. VIt OCuC!unCtICn, Ituar
antCC CapturC a nCIthCr OI CCu:C aCnC nCr a purC
raVIn CCu OC. t anIhC thC InVInCIC aOCnCC
thatOC!Cat VCrO , ImpCIn upCnthCm, VthC:uC
C! a VrItIn at paV In paCC, thC VIIOC!CrmC!thCIr
rC!CrCnt. CVCrV arranCO Cn a hCCt C! papCr In
InVCKC thC VCrV thIn C! VhICh thCV pCaK~!rCm
CutIOC, VtCmarInthCVCutInC, OVthCCmCrCnCC
C! thCIr a Cn thC OanK paCC C! thC paC. Pn In
rCturn VIIC !Cr I CCaVatCO, !urrCVCO OV VCrO
that VCrK at It !rCm VIthIn an VhICh OImIIn
thC ImmCOIC, amIuCu namCC prCCnCC, pIn
!CrththCVCO C! InIHCatICn that ChrItCn It, CtCr-
mInC It, H It In thC unIVCrC C! ICCurC. P OCuOC
trap, unaVCIOaC narC CV hCnCC!Crt VCuO C-
CapCtCIhtC!OIr , thCtranItCrV!CrC!CVCr ,
thC !aIn raIn
PnO nCV ParIttC raVIn. Ct u OCIn VIth
thC rt anO ImpCt. t CCm tC OCCrCatCO!rCm thC
!raCnt C! an unraVCCO CaIram. nOC:thCuIC
C! rCVCrtIn tC a prCVICu arranCmCnt, It:CCCVCr It
trCC !unCtICn~Out In CrOCr tC pC:VCrt thCm, tCrC
VOIturInathCtraOI tICnaCnOC! anu1CanO
thC ImaC.
P!tCr aVIn InVaOCO thC Hu:C In C:OC: tC :CCCn
tItutC thC COIOCCra tCtCXta nCVCumCOIt
paCC. t ha rCturnCO tC It natu:a I tC~CCV tC
ImaC, VhC:CIt CrVC tC uppC:t It, namC It, CXpaIn
It, OCCCmpCC t InCrt It In thC C:IC CItCXt anO In
thC paC C! thC CCK. LnCC mC:C It CCCmC a
`CCnO Crm ItC! :CaCCnO tC thC CtCrCa :Cam
!rCm VhICh thC CCmpICItV C! CttCr VIth paCC haO
T|c Lnrccc|cJ Cc|||;rcm Z
ICtCCO it !Ct an Intant tC OCsCCnO. tCC !tCm a OIs-
CUtiVC attaChmCt. It Can HCat anCV i n It natUta
ICnCC CtCtUtntC thC OaC anOtC its CO OtinCIOC
CI OIsttIOutICn~Out CnV aOOatCntV. 1CCausC thC
CtO C nC C1n tCaO unOCtnCath thC OtaVIn atC
thCmCVCs OtaVn~imaCs C!VCtOs thC OaIntCt has
Ct apatt ItCm thC pIOC, Out VIthIn thC CnCta |VCt
ti! unOCHnaOC pCtImCtCtC!thC OICtUtC. must tCaO
thCm suOCtImOCCO uOCn thCmsCVCs . hCV atC
VCtOs OtaVIn VCtOs at thC sut!aCC C! thC imaC
thCV ICtm hCtCHCCtICn C!a sCntCnCCsaVInthatthIs
isnCta IOC. hCImaC C!a tCXt. 1ut CCnVCtCV thC
tCOtCCntCO OIOC is OtaVn OV thC samC hanO anO VIth
thC samC OCn as thC CttCts C!thC tCXt It CXtCnOs thC
VtItn mCtC than It IusttatC It CtH Its VCIO. \C
ht ImanC It OtImmIn VIth sma ChaCtiC Ct-
tCts taOhICsIntCOuCCOtC ItamCnts anOOIsOCtsCO
CVCt thC CntItC stIaCC CIthC ImaC. P HPutC in thC
shaOC C! VtItInP. hC InVisIOC, OtCImInatV Cai-
taOhIC COCtatICn IntCttVinCO thC VtItIn anO thC
OtaVin. anO VhCn PatittC tCstCtCO thIns tC thCIt
CVn paCCs. hC tCCK CatC that thC haOC VCUO OtC-
CrVC thC OatiCnC CIVtItin anO that thC tCXt tCmain
aVaV CnV a OtaVin CIa tCOtCCntatiCn.
hC samC ICt taUtCCV. tCm CaiPtaphiC OCu-
O!n, atIttCsCCmInPVtCtutn tC thCsImpCCCttC-
pCnOCnCC CIthC I maPC Vith Its !CCnO. \ithCUt aV-
in anVthIn. a mutC anO aOCOuatCV tCCCnaOC
HUrC OIpaVs thC CO1 CCt in Its CsCnCC !tCm thC Im-
aC. a namC VtitCn OCCV tCCCiVCs its ` mCanInP Ct
tUC ICt UsaC. CV CCmOatCO tC thC ttaOitiCna
!UCtiCn CIthC CCnO. PatIttC s tCXt Is OCUO V Oa-
taOCXiCa. t sCt Cut tC namC sCmCthInP that CVi-
Z+ T||s |s ^c| e P|c
OCn!V OCCsnC!nCCOt COCnamCO|!hC!CtmI s tCCVC
KnCVn, thC aC tCC IamIIat . PnO at thC mCmCnt
VhCn hC shCuO tCVCa!hCnamC, PatIttC OCCs sC OV
OCnVIn tha! thC CO1 CC! Is Vhat I! Is . hCnCC CCmCs
!hIssttanCamC, I!nCt!tCmthCCaItam:tCmthC
CaItam tha! saVs thIns tVICC |VhCn CnCC VCuO
OCuOtCss OC) , !tCmthC CaItamthatshuCs VhatI t
saVsCVCtha!!shCVs!ChIOCthCm!tCmCaChCthCt.
Ct thC tCXt!C shaOCItsC!, !Ct a I!s1 uXtaOCsCO sIns
!C ICtm a OCVC, a CVCt, Ct a taInstCtm, thC azC
mus! tC!taIn !tCm anV pCssIOC tCaIn C!!Cts must
tCmaIn OCI n!s , sCn!CnCCs InCs , OatataOhs sUt!aCCs Cr
massCsVIns, s!a Ks, Ct OC!a s C !CX! mUs! saV
nCthIn tC!hIs aI n suO1 CC! VhC Is a VICVCt, nCt a
tCaOCt. Ps sCCn as hC CIns tC tCaO, In IaCt. shaOC
OIssI patCs . P atCunO !hC rCCCnICO VCtd anO thC
CCmptChCnOCO sCntCnCC, !hC CthCt taphIsms taKC
Iht , CattVIn VIth thCm thC VIsIO!C pCnItUOC C!
shapCanOCaVInCn!VtCnCar. suCCCssIVCUnIutIn
CI mCanInnCt CnC OtCp C! taIn Ia!!In aI!Ct an-
CthCt. mUCh Css a !CathCt Ct a tCrCIICa CspItC
appCatanCC, In ICtI n a OIrO, a CVCr. Cr taIn. thC
Ca!Itam OCCs nCt saV hCC thIs ec d OCVC. a
CVCt, a OCVpCUt Ps sCCn as It OCIns tC OC sC. tC
pCaK anO CCnVCV mCanIn. thC OItd has atCaOV
CVn, thC taIn has CVapCtatCO. Ct VhCCVCt sCCs t,
!hC Ca!Itam Jccs nc se, :ennc| yc| sey. hIs Is a
CVCt, thIs Is a OItO. t Is stI tCC muCh !tapOCO
VIthIn shapC, !CC muCh sUO1 Ct tC tCOtCsCn!atICn OV
tCsCmOanCC, !C !CtmUatC suCh a ptCOCsI!ICn. PnO
VhCn VC tCaO I t, thC OCCIOhCtCO sCntCnCC | `!hIs Is a
OCVC, ` thIs Is a taIns!Ctm |s nc|a OItO, Is nC CnCt
a shCVCt. V tus Ct I mOC!CnCC, sma ma!tCt!hC
T|c Lnrecc|cJCe||i;rem ZD
C1It1mnCVCtsOCaKs1nOtCOtCsCnts at thC samCmC-
mCnt. hC VCtV thIn that Is OCth sCC anO tCaO Is
hshCO In thC VIsICn, hIOOCn In thC tCaOIn.
atIttC tCOIsttIOutCO thC tCXt anO thC ImaC In
spaCC aCh tCaIns Its OaCC, Ot nCt VIthCutKCCIn
sCmC CIthC CVasIVCnCss tCOCt tC thC CaIam. hC
Ot1Vn ICtm CIthC OIOC Is sC CasIV tCCCnICO that It
CCuOCs anV CXOanatCtV Ct OCsCtIOtIVC tCXt. ts aCa-
OCmIC sChCmatICIsm saVs VCtV CXOICItV, `CusCC mC
sC CCatVthatItVCuOOCtIOICuCsICt mCtCattanC
mVsCIsCastCVtItC hIsIsa OIOC COCsuC, VCOs
VCuO OtaV mC Css aOCuatCV tha COtCsCnt mV-
sCI nO In thIs sKCtCh tCOtCsCntIn hanOVtItIn,
thC tCt In ttn ptCsCtIOCs ` aKC mC ICt Vhat man-
IICstV am~CttCts O1CCO OCsIOC CnC anCthCt 1t-
t1nCO anO shaOCO sC as tC IaCIItatC tCaOIn, assuC
tCCCnItICn anO COCn thCmsCVCs CVCn tC thC mCst
st1mmCtIn sChCCOCV. OC nCt CaIm tC sVC, thCn
sttCtCh, OCCCmIn Htst thC OCV, thCn thC stCm CIthC
pIOC. am nC mCtC than thC VCtOs VC atC nCV
tC1OIn P1Inst CnC 1nCthCt In thC CaItam atC
OIttCO 1 ` nCt VCt tC s1V 1nO a `nC CnCt tC tCOtC-
sCnt . nP1tIttC s Pipc , thCOItthOaCCIthCsCnCa-
tICnssVhCVOIIICtCntItCmthCOCIntVhCtCthCVatC
1OOICO hC `nCtVCttC saVtCtutnsnCtCaCtV In an
atm1tICn, Ot n a OCuOC OCsItICn. Ln thC CnC
h1nO, CVCthCaO, thCOCIshCO, sICnt, VIsIOC shaOC, Cn
VhCsC tCuO 1nO OIsOaInI CVIOCnCC thC tCXt Is a-
CVCO tC saV VhatCVCt It OCasCs Ln thC CthC hanO
OCCV thC tCXt, OIsOaVCO aCCCtOIn tC Its InttInsIC
aV, aIHms Its CVn autCnCmV In tCatO tC Vhat It
namCs . hC CaItam s tCOunOanCC tCstCO Cn a C-
atICn CICXCusICn n aIttC thC sCOatatICn CIthC
o T||: |: ^c| J P|c
tVC CCmCnt, thC aOCnCC C!CttCt In thC OtaVInP,
thC nCPatICn CXOtCCO In lhC tCXta C! thCsC pCI-
tIVCV manI!Ct tVC OItInCt OCItICn .
1ut haC nCPCCtCO. !Car, Vhat I OCthaO CCn-
tIa tC aPtIttC P|c. haVC OtCCCCOCO a IIthCtCXt
aIO, ` |thCCnCmOCCIVCtO VCu atCnCV tCadInP
am nCt a OIpC. haVC PCnC Cn a IIthCrC VCrC tVC
I mutanCCuV anO CCatV OI!ICtCntIatCd OCItICn
VIthInthCsamC paCC thCPurC and thC tCXt ut
aC CmI ttCO that ItCm CC pCI tICn tC thC CthCt a
OtC and IntaOC OCpCnOCnCV, at CnCC InItCt and
UutC, I InOICatCd. Pd It I IndICatCO OV tC VCtd
thI . NC mut thCtC!CtC aOmIt OCtVCCn thC PurC
aO tC tCXt a VhCC CrIC CIIntCtCCtICnCttathCt
attaCKaunCCdOVCCaPaIntthCCtCt, attCVhCt
at thC CnCmV tatPCt, CntCtOtIC CI uOCtICn anO
dCttuCtICn, anCC OCV anO VCunO a OattC. Ct
CXamOC. tI |thC dtaVInP, VCC ICtm VCu
dCuOtC tCCCPnIC and VhCC CaIPtaOhIC hCrItaPC
haVC1 ut traCCO) `I nCt |I nCt uOtantIaV OCunO
tC , I nCt CCntItutCO OV. . . , dCC nCt CCVCr thC
amC matCtIa a . a OIOC |tat I, thI VCtO
ItCm VCut anPuaPC. madC up C! prCnCunCCaOC
Cunds that ttanatC thC CttCt VCu atC tCadInP)
hCrC!CtC, T||: |: nc| J |c Can OC tCaO thu .
ls nC!
~ a l
r:I
T|c LnrecclcJ Ce||i;rem Z
ut at thC samC tImC, thC tCt statCs an CntItCV
OIIICtCn!ptCOCsItICn `hIs thCstatCmCntattanIn
ItsCI OCnCath VCt CVCs In a InC C! OIsCCntInuCus
CCmCnts , C! VhICh ||: Is OCth thC sInIHCt anO thC
HrstVCtO) `IsnCt |CCuOnCIthCtCuanCtsuOstItut
ICt , CCuO nC! aOCuatCV tCOtCsCnt . . ) a
pIpC |CnCC! thCCO1 CCtsVhCsCOCssIOCtCnOCtIn Can
OCsCCnaOCVCthCtCXt~IntCtChanCaOC, anCnVmCus,
IaCCCssIOC tC an namC) hCn VC must tCaO.
'tl|s
|s uot
CV, Cn thC VhCC It CasIV sCCms tha! PatIttC s
sta!CmCnt Is nCatCO OV th ImmCOIatCanOtCCIptCCa
OCpCnOCnCV OCtVCCn thC OtaVIn C!thC OIOC anO thC
!CtOVhIChthC OIpC CanOCnamO. CsInatICnanO
OCsIn OC nCt CVCtap CnC anC!hCt, saVC In thC CaI-
taOhIC OaV hCVCtIn In thC CnsCmO C s OaCtunO
anO CCn utCO aVaV sImutanCCusV OV thC tCt, thC
OtaVIn, anOthCItCuttCtsCOatatICn CnCCthCthItO
IunCtICn CIthC statCmCt. hIs thIs CnsCmOC Cn-
stItutCO OV a VtIttCn OIOC anO a OtaVn tCXt) `Is nCt
Is InCCmpatIOC VI!h) a OIOC thIs mIXCO CCmCnt
sptInIn at CnCC !tCm OIsCCutsC anO thC ImaC,
VhCsCamOIuCus OCIn thC VCtOa anOVIsuaOaV !
!hC Ca!Iram Vants tC CVCKC)
Zo This !s ^c| J P|pc
Ihis is nOt 3

Ilis is nCt 3

r
i
r:I
aPtltC tCCOCnCO thC ttaO thC CaPtam aO
sOtUnP Cn thC thnP t OCsCtOCO. Ut n thC aCt. tC
CO1 CCt tsCI CsCaOCO Ln thC OaPC CI an usttatCO
OCCK. VC sCOCm OaV attCntCn lC thC ma! OaCC
tnnInP aOCVC thC VCtOs anO OCCV thC OtaVnP.
ICtCVCtsCtVnP thCm asa CCmmCnItCnlCt. tstCtC.
Cn thCsC !CV mImCtCt CI VhtC. thC Cam sanO CI
thCOaPC, tatatCClaOshCOatCtCaCns C!OCsP-
nalCn. nCmnalCn, OCsCtOtCn. C!asHCatCn hC
CaPtam aOsCtOCOlhatntCttCC Oul CnCC COCnCO. t
OCC nCt tClCtC t hC taO hattCtCO Cn CmOtInC .
maPC anO lCXt Ia CaCh t Cls CVn sOC. CIlhCIt CVn
VCPhl C CnPCt OC thCV haVC a CCmmCn PtCUnO
nCt a OaCC VhCtC lhCV Can mCCl. VhCtC VCtOs atC
CaOaOC C! laKInP shaOC anO ImaPCs CI CntCtnP IntC
CXCa CtOCt. hC sCnOCt, CCCtCs. nCulta sttO,
VhIChnPaPttlC sOtaVInPsCOatalCslhC tCXlanO thC
HPUtC, musl OC CCn as a CtCVassC~an unCCttaIn,
!CPPV tCPCn nCV OVOInP tC OIOC HCalInP In ts
maPItC hCaVCn ItCm thC munOanC ttamO CIVCtOs
matChnP n thCt suCCCsVC !nC bt It tCC mUC
tC Caim that tCtCs a O!anK Ct!aCuna instCaO. t an
aOsCnCC CI sOaCC. an CIIaCCmCnt CI tC `CCmmCn
T|c Lnrecc|cJ Ce|l|;rem ZV
paCC OCtVCCn tC sIPns CI VtItIn anO tC InCs CI
tC ImaPC. C `pIpC that Vas at CnC VIt OCth thC
tatCmCnt namInP It anO thC OaVIn tCptCsCntIn
ittIs saOCV ipC nIttInP thC InCamCnts CIICrm
Ith thC HOCt CIVCrOs~has uttCtVanIshCO. P OIs-
ppCatanCC tat ItCm thC CthCt sIOC CI thIs saCV
trCam

tCtCXtCCnmsVIthamuCmCntIsIsnCt
pIpC. n ain tC nCV sCItaV OraVInP imItatCs as
CsCV as pCsIOC tC shapC CrOInarIV OCsIPnatCO OV
tC VCtO |c: in VaIn tC tCXt UnIuts OCCV tC
raVInP VIt a thC attCntIC OCItV CI a aOC In a
CCatVOCC. CCnPCt Can anVthIn passOCtVCCn
tCm saC tC OCCtCCCIOICrCC tC statCmCnt at CnCC
CCntCstInP tC nmCCItC OtaVInP anO thC tCICtCnCC
CIthC tCXt.
CVhCtC is tCtC a OIOC.
LnthIs OasIs , VCCanunOCtstanOPatIttC ssCCCnO
CrsICn CI T||:|:^c|J P|pc. n paCIn tC OtaVIn
CIthC pIpC anO thC statCmCnt sCrIn as Its CPCnO Cn
tCCtV CCatV OCHnCO sutIaCC C!a OICtutC |InsC!at as
It Is a paIntIn thC CttCts atC Out thC ImaCC!CttCts
InsC!at as t Is a OaCOCtO tC HutC Is CnV thC
OIOaCtIC CCntInUatICn C! a OIs CCutsC) In OaCIn thC
OICtut Cn a thICK sCIO VCCO ttIpCO PaIttC OCCs
CCtVthInPnCCCss atVtC tCCCnsttuCt |CIthCtOVthCOCt-
manCCC CIa VCtK CI att Ct CsC OV thC ttut C!an
COCCt CssCn) thC spaCC CCmmCn tC anuaC anO thC
maC
CtVthInP I sCIOV anChCtCO VIthIn a OCOaPCIC
paCC. P paIntIn ` shCVs a OtaVIn tat shCVs
thC !Ctm CI a pIOC a tCXt VtittCn OV a zCaCus In-
sttuCtCt `sCV tat a pIpC Is tCaV Vhat Is mCant.
C O nCt sCC thC tCaChCt s pCIntCt Out It tuCs
T: !: ^ct J l|c
tCUhCutprCCIsCV IKC hIs VCI CC. In thC aCt CI
artICuatIn VCrV CCarV, ` hIs Is apI pC. rCm paIn-
In tC IDaC. ItCm ImaCC tCXt. IrCmtCXt tC VCICC,
a sCrt C!I maInarV pCIntCr InOICatCs , shCVs. HXCs.
CCatCs, IDpCsCs a sstCD CIrCICrCnCCs. trICs tC sta
OIICaUnIOUCspaCC ut hV haVCCIntrCOUCCOthC
tCaChCrs VCICC: CCausC sCatCCV has C statCd. `hIs
Is a pI pC, OC!CtC hC Dust CCtrCCt hIsCIand stuttCr.
hIs Is nCta pIpC. Out a OtaVIn C!a pIOC. `hIs Is
nCtaOI pCOutasCntCnCCsaVInthatthIs Is nCta OIpC,
hC sCntCnCC thIs Is nCta OI pC IsnCta pI pC, ` nthC
sCntCnCC thIs Is nC a pI OC. tnis Is nCt a pI pC thC
paIntIn, rIttCnsCntCnCC, OtaVIn C!a OI pCa thIs
Is nCt a OI OC
CatICns DutIp thCDsCVCs , thC VCICC Is CCn-
IusCO anO ChCCO. hC OaCO DastCt CVCts hIs CX-
tCnOCO OCIntCt, tutns hIs OaC !O thC OCatO, tCatOs
thCuptCarICusstOCnts. anO OCCsnCttCaICthatthC
auh sC CuOV OCCausC aOCVC thC OaCOCatO anOhIs
stamDCtCO OCnIas , a VapCt has us t rIsCn, IttC OV
ItC aKIn shapC anO nC CtCatIn, OrCCIsCV anO
VIthCut OCuOt, a OIpC. `P OI OC, a pI OC, Ct thC stu-
OCnts, stamOIn aVaV VhIC thC tCaChCr, hIs VCI CC
sInKIn CVCt CVCr, mUruts aVas VIth thC saDC
COstInaC hCuh nC CnC Is IstCnIn. ` PnO VCt It Is
nCt a pI pC C Is nCt IstaCn OCCausC thC pI pC
CatI n sC COVICus!V CVCrhCaO IC thC CO1 CCt thC
OaCOCatO OraVIn rCICts tC. anO InhCsCnamC thC
tCXt Can1UstIHaO!V saV that thC OtaIn Is trUV nCt a
pIOC) Is ItsCI mCrCV a OraI n. t Is act a pIpC. C
mCr Cn thCOCarO than aOCVC I t. thC OraIn C!thC
pIpC anO thC tCXt tCsumCO tC naDC I t HnO nCVhCtC
T|c Lnrecc| cJCe| |re |
tO mCCt anO OC CtImOCCO, a thC CataOhCt C
tCmOtCV d attCmOtCO t COtI aOCt
bO, Cn It OCVCd anO CCatV tICKCtV mCnt thC
CC a Out tC tI. thC ItamC tC CCCn, thC pantIn
tO tmOC OOVn, thC VCtO tC OC CattCtCO hC
IOC Can `OtCaK CCCmmCnOaCC

~Oana VCtK
OIatt Ct CCtVOaV CCnha OIaOOCatCO

K|cc, KcnJins|y,
Me;ri||c
VC nCOC, OCCVC, tuCO \CtCtn OaIntn
!tCm thC H!tCCnth tC thC tVCntICth CCnturV. hC Ht
aCt thC COatatICn OCtVCCn OatC tCOrCCntatCn
|VCh mOC CCmOanCC anO nutC C!CtCnCC
|VhCh CXCuOC t) . 1V tCCmOanCC VC OCmCnttatC
anO OCaK aCtC O!!CCnCC hC tVC VtCm CannC-
thCt mCtC nCr ntCtCCt . n CnC VaV Ct anCthCt, uO-
CtOInatCn tCOuItCO. thCt thC tCXt ruCO OV thC
ImaC |a n thCC OaIntn VhCCa OCCK, annCtIO-
tCn, a CttCt CtthCnamCC!a OCtCnatCtCtCCntCO
Ct CC thC IDaC I ruCO OV thC tCXt |a n OCCK
VhCtC a OtaVn CCmOCtC , a !t VCtC DCtCV taK-
In a hCttCut, thCmCaCthatVCO arC ChatCOtC
tCOtCCnt . uC, thC uOCtOnatCn tCman taOC
CnVVCtVarCV. \hathaOOCn tC thCtCXtCIthCOCCK
IthatItOCCCmC mCrCVa CCmmCntatVCnthCIm1C,
anO thCnCatChannC thtCuhVCtO. C!t muta-
nCCu !Cm anO Vhat haOOCn tC thC pCtutC that
It I OCDInatCOOV a tCXt, a CIVhCC nHCatCn It
HuratIVCV uttatC . 1ut nC mattC thC mCann C!
thCuOCtOInatICnCrthCDannCtnVhChItOtCCn,
mutOIC, anOtCVCrCItC \hat CCntIa I that
K|cc, KeaJ|a:y, Mer|||c
VCtOasIns1nO VIsua tCOtCsCntatICnsatCnCVCtIVCn
1t CnCC. Pn CtOCt V1Vs hICtatChIzCs thCm, tunnIn
ItCm thC HutC tC IsCCutsC Ct ItCm OIsCCutsC tC thC
HutC.
hIs Is thC OrInCpC VhCsC sCVCtCIntV CC aOC-
IshCO, OV shCVIn thC1 uXtaOCsItICnC!shaOCs anOthC
sVtaX CI InCs In a unCCttaIn, tCVCtsIC, HCatIn
spaCCsImutanCCusVOaC anOCanVas , OanCanOVC-
umC, maO anO ChtnICC . Cats, hCusCs, OCtsCns atC
1t thC samC tImC tCCCnIaC HutCs anO CCmCnts CI
VtItIn. hCV 1tC OaCCO nO tt1VC uCn tCaOs Ct
C1nas thatatC asCInCstCOCtC1 tCCs C!thC CtCst
HCCVCtmusICa stVCs hCaCCnCCuntCts VCtOs as
I!thCV haO sttaVCO tC thC hCatt C!thIns, VCtOs InOI-
C1tIn thC VaV tC C anO namIn thCanOsCapCOCIn
CtCssCO. PnO at thC nCXus C!thCsC HutCs anO sIns,
tC attCV th1t CtCOs uO sC CItCn thC attCV, sIn
OC1tIn a ptIma tCsCmOanCC, IKC a taOhIC CnC-
atCOCCIa, anO sh1OC that !CtmuaCs an CtOCt~thC
1ttCV InOICatCs thCOItCCtICnInVhIChthCOCatIs ttaV-
CIn, shCVs that thC sun Is sCttIn, OtCsCtIOCs thC
OItCCtICn that thC aC mustCCV, Ct tathCt thC InC
1Cn VhICh It must ImaInatIVCV shI!t thC HutC
ptCVIsICnaV anO a OIt arOIttatIV OaCCO hCtC. t Is
nCt, In IaCt, a OuCstICn C! thCsC CaItams that OV
ttns OtI IntC aV thC suOCtOInatICn C! sIn tC
ICtm 1 CCuO CICtOs anO CttCts taKIn thC shaOC
thCV OCsInatC , thCn CIICtm tC sIn thC HutC OIs-
sCCtInItsCIIntC 1OhaOCtICa CCmCnts . CtIstanV
CnCt 1 OuCstICn C! thCsC CCaCs Ct tCOtCOuCtICns
thatCaOtutCthCCutCut!CrmCICttCtsIn!tamCnts CI
CO CCts, Out tathCt a uCstICn CI thC IntCtsCCtICn,
VIthInthCsamCmCOIum, CItCOrCsCntatICnOVtCsCm-
+ T|: |s !c| P|c
OanC 1nO CI tCOtCsCnt1tICn OV sIns NhICh OtC-
sOpCCs that thCV mCCt In uitC anCthCt sOaCC than
that CthC OaIntIn.
hC sCCCnOOtInCIOCth1tCntuCOOaIntIn OCsIts
1n CuIVaCnCC OCtVCCn thC I1Ct CItCsCmOanCC anO
thC 1tmatICn CI1 tCOtCsCnt1tIVC OCnO. Ct a HutC
tCsCmC 1n CO1 CCt | Ct sCmC CthCt HutC) , anO that
aCnC I CnCuh ICt thCtC tC sIO IntC thC OutC O1V CI
thC p1ntIn a statCmCnt~COVICus, Oana, tCOCatCO a
thCus1O tImCs VCt amCst 1V1Vs sICnt. t Is IKC an
InHnIt mutmut~hauntIn, CnCCsIn thC sICnCC CI
HutCs , InVCstIn It, mastCtIn It, CXttIC1tin thC sI-
CnCC tCm ItsCI, anO HnaV tCVCtsin It VIthIn tC
OCm1I CIthIns that C1n OC n1mCO ) `Nhat VCu CC
Is ||e| . C mattCt, a1In, InVat sCnsCthC tCOtCsCn-
tatIVC CatICn Is OCsCO~VhCtCt thC p1IntIn Is tC-
ICttCO tC thC VIsIOC VCtO arCunO It, Ct VhCthCt It
InOCOCOCntV Cst1OishCs an InVIsIOC VCtO th1t tC-
sCmOs ItsC
hC CssCntIa OCInt Is that tCsCmOanCC anO 1I
Hrm1tC CannCt OC OIssCCI1tCO hC tupttC CI thIs
OtInCIOC Can OC asCtIOCO tC 1nOInsKV 1 OCuOC CI-
IaCCmnt sImutanCCusV CI tCsCmOanCC 1nO CI thC
tCOtCsnt1tIVC OCnO, O tC InCtCasIn InsIstCnt
1IHtmtICn CI thC InCs , thC CCCts th1t anOInsKV
CaCOthIns , nCIthCt mCtC nCtCss CO1 CCts thanthC
ChutC, thC OtIOC, Ct thCKnIht VIth hIs OCV. an-
OInsKV sIs a naKCO aIHtmatICn CutChIn atnCtCsCm-
OanCC, 1nOVhICh, VhCn asKCO ` Vh1tItI s, CantCO V
CnV OV tCICttIn I tsC ItC thC CstutC that ICtmCO I t.
an `IOtCVIsatICn, a ` CCmOCsItICn , Ct tC Vh1t s
ICunO thCtC `a tCO shaOC, ` ttIanCs, ` OutOC
Cran, Ct tC tCnsICns Ct IntCtna tCatICns `a OCtCt-
K|cc, KenJ|n:|, Me;r|||c D
InantOInK, `uOVatOs, `aVCCVmIICu, `a tCsV
O1anC. C CnC, 1OOatCntV, Is IutthCt !tCm CC
1nO anOInsKV than aIttC. CtC than anV CthCt
Is OaIntIn sCCms VCOOCO tC CXaCt tCsCmOanCCs, tC
tC OCIntVhCtCthCVI!uV mutIOV as I!tC assCtt
tCmsCVCs . t Is nCt CnCuh that thC OtaVIn C!thC
pIpCsC CCsCVtCsCmOCsa OOC. CtIsItCnCuhthat
tC ttCCsC CCsCV tCsCmOCs thC ttCC, anO thC CaIthC
CaI. athCtthC Ca!C!thCttCCVItaKC Cn thC shaOC
CI tCttCCItsCI, anOthCattCtVItaKCthC!CtmCI thC
C1I L'|n:cnJ|c ' ) . hC shIO at sCa VI nCt tCsCmOC
CtC a shI O, Out asC thC sCa ItsCI, CVCn tC Its hu
anO saIs OCIn CCmOCsCO C! VaVCs Lc ScJu:|cu) .
nO thC CXaCt tCOtCsCntatICn C!a OaIt C!shCs mCtC-
CVCtVIttV tC tCsCmOC thCatCICCtthC shCCs Cuht
tC CCVCt.

n att mCtC CCmmIttCO than anV CthCt tC thC CatC-

Iu anO CtuC sCOat1tICn CI taOhIC aO OastIC CC-
mCnts. IthCV haOpCn tC C suOCtImOCsCO VIthIn thC
paIntInIKC a CCnO anO Its ImaC, ItIs CnCCnOItICn
tatthC statCmCnt CCntCst thC COVICus ICntItV CIthC
utC, anO thC namC VC atC OtCOatCO tC IVC It.
CmCthInCXatVIKCanCIsaCO| 'e:a:|a-ashCC
|e|nc , a OCVCth1t |en|c;c , a CanOC |e|e1cnJo "PnO
Ct atIttC s att s nCt !CtCI n tC thC CntCtOtIsC C!
CC anO anOInsKV. athCt It CnstItutCs, IaCIn
tCm anO Cn thC OasIs C!a sVstCm CCmmCn tC thCm
a, a HutC at CnCC COOCsCO anO CCmOCmCntatV
+
Barr.uin
.
|orJs
hC CXtCtICtItV CIVtIttCn 1nO utatIVC CCmCnts, sC
COVICus In P1tIttC, Is sVmCICO OV thC nCn-
tC1tICn~Ct In anV C1sC V thC VCtV CCmOCX anO
OtCOCm1tIC tC 1tICn~OCtVCCn thC OaIntIn 1nO Its
tItC. hIs uI, VhICh OtCVCnts us ItCm OCIn OCth
thC tCaOCt 1nO thC VICVCt 1t thC samCtImC, OtIns thC
ImaC IntC aOtuOt tCICI 1OCVC thC hCtICnta InC CI
VCtOs . `hC tItCs atC ChCsCn In suCha VaV as tCKCCO
anVCnC ItCm 1ssInIn mV OaIntI ns tC thC IamII1t
tCICn that haOItua thCuht 1OOCas tC In CtOCt tC
CsCaOC OCtOCXItV. P IttC IKC thC anCnVmCus h1nO
that OCsInatCOthCOIOCOVthCstatCmCnt, `hIsIsnCt
1 OIOC, PatIttCnamCshIsOaIntInsInCtOCttCICCus
attCntIon uOCnthCVCtV1Ct CInamIn. PnO VCt InthIs
sOIt anO OtIItIn sOaCC, sttanC OCnOs atC KIt, thCtC
CCCut InttusICns , OtusOuC anO OCsttuCtIVC InV1sICns ,
aVaanChCs CI Im1Cs IntC thC mIICu CIVCtOs, anO
VCtOa IhtnIn H1shCs that sttCa anO shattCt thC
OtaVIns. atICntV, CCCCnsttuCtCO1 sOaCCVIthCut
namC Ct CCmCttV, tanIn thC ChaIn CIsIns VIth
MSJR S MJ. HC C!I2!H2 lItC C tHI C2|tCt I ` C
bCutO tt2V2I! OC UC| , !ItCt2!V, `HC buUtCtt2H02H NCtK C
NCtO . HC CCHHCt2|ICH I Cl VC2K0HIH2 Ot uDVCtICH tHtCu2H
uHOCtCuttIH2.
8rrcu|n; hcrJs
tCOCt CIHutCs atIttC sCCtCtV mInCsa sOaCChC
CCms tC maIntan In thC CO attanCmCnt. ut hC
CaVatCs It VIthVCtOs PnO thC CO OVtamIOCIpCt
spCCtIVC Is nC mCtC than a mCChI aOCut tC CaVC In.
n anV tCasCnaOC OtaVIn, a suOsCtIOt suCh as
hIs Is nCta pIOC IsCnCuhImmCOIatCVtC OIVCtCC
tCutC ItCm ItsCI, tC IsCatC It ItCm Its sO1CC, anO
tC sCt It C1tIn~VhCtCt nCat Ct aOatt ItCm ItsCI,
CthCt sImI1t tC Ct unIKC ItsCI, nC CnC KnCVs.
aInst Cc:| n'c| es nc |c , thCtC Is L'Ar| Jc |e
:cnccrse||cn . n a anOsCaOCCIOattIn Iants CtCIthC
OCInnn CI tC VCtO, tVC tInV OCtsCns atC
spC1KIn~an IauOIOC OIsCCutsC, a mutmut In-
stantV tCaOsCtOCO IntC thC sICnCC CI thC stCnCs, IntC
tCsICnCCCIa Va VhCsCCnCtmCusOCCKsCVCtan
tC tVC attuCus mutCs . umOCO tCCthCt, thC
OCKs ICtm atthCIt OasC a tCuO CICttCts VhCtC ItIs
CasV tC maKC Cut thC VCtO

VhICh Can, IIVC

CCK a OIt mCtC CCsCV, OC CCmOCtCO as

Ct

~as IIa thCsC aItV, ItaIC VCtOs haO OCCn

IVCn thC pCVCr tC CtanIC thC ChaCs CIstCnCs . Lt
as II, Cn thC CCnttatV, OChInO thC aCtt Out ImmCOI
atCV Cst ChattCt CImCn, thIns CCuO In thCIt sICnCC
anO sCCO CCmOCsC a VCtO~a OCtmanCnt VCtO nC
CnC CCuO C!IaCC, VCt thIs VCtO nCV OCsInatCs tC
mCst HCCtIn C!ImaCs ut thIs Is nCt a CCausC It
Is In OtCam that mCn, at ast tCOuCCO tC sICnCC, CCm-
munCVIththCsInIHCatICnCIthInsanOaCVthCm-
sCVCs tC OC tCuChCO OV CnImatI C, InsIstCnt VCtOs
th1t CCmC ItCm CsCVCtC. Cc:| n'cs| es nc |c
CXCmpIHCs thCOCnCttatICnCIOIsCCutsCIntC tCICtm
CIthIns, It tCCas OIsCCutsC s 1mOIuCus pCVCt tC
OCnV 1nO tC tCOCuOC. L'Ar| Jc |e :cnccrse||cn matKs
o
T||s |s !c| P|c
tC anCnVmCus attraCtICn CI tIns that ICrm tCIr
CVn VCtOs In tC IaCC CImCn s nOIIICrCnCC, InsIn-
uatIn tCmsCVCs , VIthCut mCn CVCn CIn aVatC CI
t, IntC tCIr OaIV CattCr.
CtVCCn tC tVC CXtrCmCs , ParIttC s VCrK OC-
OCVs tC OaV CIVCtOs anO I maCs . ItCn InVCntCO
aItCt tC IaCt anO V CtCt OCCOC, tC titCs InttuOC
IntC thC HutCs VhCtC tCIr aOOICaIitV Vas IInCt
InOICatCO at Cast autCrIzCO n aOVanCC, anO VCrC
tCVOaV an amOIuCusrCC. suOOCrtIn OCs anOVCt
tCtmItCs that naV anO VCaKCn. hC CCuntCnanCC CI
an aOsCutCV sCrICus man, unsmIIn, unOInKIn,
`OrCaKs uO VIth a autCr that CCmCs IrCm nC-
VCtC.

Lc Sc|r qui |cm|c

-
CannCt Ia VIthCut sat-
tCtIn a VInOCVOanC VhCsC ItamCnts |stI rC-
taInIn, Cn thCIr sharO COCs anO ass shatOs, thC
sun s rCHCCtICns) arC s CattCrCO Cn tC CCr anO sI .
CICtrI n tC thC sun s OIsaOOCaranCC as a ` Ia, thC
VCtOs haVC sVCOt aCn, VIth thC ImaC tCV CVCKC,
nCt CnV tC VInOCVOanC utthC CthCt sun, tCtVIn
sun OCrICCt CutInCO Cn tC s mCCt anO ttansOatCnt
ass. IKC a CaOOCr In a C , thCKCV stanOs VCrtICaV
`IntCKCVhCC ItrInsICttthCIamIIatCXOrCssICn

untI It OCCCmCs asurO.

PCrCCVCr, IstCn tC ParIttC `CtVCCn VCtOsanO
CO1 CCts CnC Can CrCatCnCV CatICns anO sOCCI IV Char-
aCtCrIstICs CI anuaC anO C1 CCts CCtaV InCrCO
In CVCrVOaV IIC. Lr aain ` bmCtImCs tC namC CI
anCO1 CCttaKCsthCOaCCCIanI maC P VCrO CantaKC
tCOaCCCIanC1 CCtIn CaItV PnImaC Can taKCtC
OaCC CIa VCrO In a OrCCsItiCn. PO thC ICCVin
statCmCnt, CCnVCVi nC CCntraOICtICn ut tCICrtin
tC tCInCXtriCaC anC CIVCrOs anO maCs anO tC
8rrcu|n; hcrJ: V
tC aOsCnCCCIa CCmmCn tCunOtC sustaIn thCm `n
3 paIntIn, VCtOs arC CIthC samC CCth as ImaCs .
thCt CnC sCCs ImaCs anO VCtOs OIIICtCntV In a
paIntIn.
LI thCsC suOstItutICns, thCsC ttansuOstantIatICns,
CtC atC manV CXamOCs I n PatIttC s VCtK. n Pcr-
:cnne;c mer:|en| ccr: | '|cr|:cn , thCtC Is thC IamCus
ICCV sCCn ItCm OChInO, VIt OatK hat anO CCat,
nOs In hIs OCCKCts. C Is sItuatCO nCat HVC CCCtCO
s . htCC CIthCmtCst CnthCtCunO anO OCat thC
It1ICICO VCtOss|,u|cu| | , r|cce| , anthCt, CVCt-
CaO, Is CaCO nue;c , HnaV, a thC CtmInus CICatth
nO sKV, anCthCt VauCV ttIanuat OCO Is CaCO |c-
|:ca C atC a Cn VaV ItCm CC anO hIs rc;erJ-
|c:|urc . ' hIs Is OV nC mCans a mattCt CI VCaVIn
sIns anO sOatIa HutCs InC a unIuC anO aOsCutCV
nCVC ICtm. CtOs atC nt CunO OItCCV tC CthCt
OICtCtIa CCmCnts. hCV atC mCtCV InsCtIOtICns Cn
OCOsanOshaOCs CItOIstIOutICnaOCVCanOOCCV,
tIht anO CIt, I s ttuC t C thC ttaOIICna aVCut CIthC
paIntIn hC hCtICn Is InOCCO In thC OaCKtCunO,
tCCCuO CVCthCaO, thC sun satCO VCttICaV anO tC
thC CIt 1ut VIthI thIs IamIIat CCntCXt, VCtOs OC
Ct tCOaCC mIssIn CO1 CCts . hCV CCCuOV nC CmOtV
Ct hCCV sOaCCs , OCCausC tC InsCtIOtICn-OCatIn
OCOs atC thICK, VCumInCus massCs, sCnCs Ct mCn-
Its VhCsC shaOCVs sttCtCh ICtth Cn thC tCunO OC-
sIOC that CI thC man. hCsC `VCtO-OCatCts atC
thICKCt, mCtC suOstantIa than thCCO1 CCts thCmsCVCs .
CV atC OatCV-ICrmCO thIns |a VauC ttIanC ICt
DJR MT. CilC a thcCuCtalICn lCm. aOOc
J{r|//t. hCV IutalcO a Cic COtaIn InthClClth IuC
Ol t!0|u/!0n urrtJ||/t .
+U T||s Is !c| e P|pc
thChCtIzCn, 1 tCCtanC ICt thChCtsC, 1 pCtpCnOICuat
Ct thC n VIt nCIthCt sh1pC nCtIOCntItV hC sCtt
CI thIns that CannCt OC n1mCO 1nO that In I1Ct
` n1mC thCmsCVCs OC1t an CX1Ct 1nO I1mII1t n1mC.
hC p1IntI Is thC CCnVCtsC CIa tCOus , th1t Ch1In CI
sh1OCs sC C1sIV tCCCnIzCO 1s tC OC I mmCOI1tCV
IOCntIH1OC Its mCtCICtmu1tICnC1 CInIntC1ttICu-
atICn CI1 sCntCnCC VhCsCmCanIn h1s nCthIn tC OC
VIththCHutCs 1CtuaV sCCn tCtC. CtC, sh1pCs 1tC
sC VauC 1s tC OC unnamCaOC IIthCV OIO nCt IOCnIIV
thCmsCVCs PnO Cn thC tC1 O1IntIn 1s sCCn~OCOs ,
sh1OVs, sIhCuCttCs~thCtC I s supCtImOCsCO thC In-
VIsIOC OCssIOIItV C1nCthCt O1IntIn 1t CnCC IamIIt
OCCausC CI thC HutCs OtCsCntCO 1nO VCt OIz1ttC OC-
CausC CIthC1 uXt1OCsItICn CIhCtsC 1nO 1tmCh1I. Pn
CO CCt In 1 O1IntIn Is 1 VumC Ct1nIzCO anO tIntCO
sCth1tIts sh1OC IsmmCOI1tCVtCCCnIz1OC1nOnCCO
nCt OC n1mCO. n Ctm, thC InOIspCnsaOC mass Is 1O-
sCtOCO, thC usCCss n1mC OIsmIssCO. P1tIttC CIOCs
tC CO1 CCt s ICtm 1nO suOCtImOCsCs thC n1mC OItCCtV
upCnthCmass. hCsuOst1ntIVCInKCIthCCO1CCtItsCI
Is nC CnCt tCptCsCntCO CXCCpt OV Its tVC CXttCmC
OCInts, thC massth1tC1sts 1 saOCV 1nOthCn1mCthat
OCsIn1tCs It.
L' A|p|e|c|Jcsrccc|e||cas CCntt1sts t1thCt prCCIsCV
VIt Pcr:caaevcmer:|ea|ccr:|
'
|cr|:ca . 1 tC1t VCCO-
Cn It1mC OIVIOCO IntC p1nCs , Cn thC tI ht, sCmC sIm-
pC, pCtICCtV tCCCnIz1OC ICtms. 1 pIpC, 1 KCV, 1 C1I,
1 1s s . Pt thC OCttCm CI thC tI ht p1nC, tC
CCnHut1tICn CI 1 tIp shCVs th1t tC sh1pCs 1tC nC
mCtC th1n Cut Cuts In a sCCt CIthIn p1pCt Ln thC
CtCt p1nC, a KInO CItVIstCO, t1nCO strIn OCpICts
nC tCCCnIz1OC shaOC |saVC pCth1ps, 1nO thIs Is VCtV
8rrc|n; hcrJs +
OCuOtIu LP, L
I 2
) . C mass, nCnamC, ICtm VItCut
VCumC, 1n CmOt Cut Cut, thIs Is tC CO1 CCt~thC
CO1 CCt tat haO VaIshCO ItCm thCOtCCCOIn OaIntIn.
aKC nC mIstaC n a sOaCC VCtC CVCtV CCmCnt
sCCms tC COCV tC sCC OtInCIOC CItCsCmOanCC anO
pastIC tCptCsCnt1t Cn, InuIstIC sIns VhIC haO an
CXCuOCO auta, VICh OtCVCO Iat atCunO thC ImaC,
VICtCtItC satIttatInCsssCCmCOtChaVCOanIshCO
ICtCVCt) aVC sutrCOtItICuV tCaOOtCaChCO. ntC thC
sCIOItVCIthCImaC, IntC ItsmCtICuCustCsCmOanCC,
tCV haVCInttCOuCCO a OIsCtOCt~an CtOCtOCttaInIn
tC thC CVCs aCnC hCV h1VC tCutCO tC CO CCt, tC-
VCaIn Its HmV thInnCs s .
n CtOCt t C OCpCV hIs OastIC sIns , CC VCVC a
nCV sOaCC PatIttC aCVs thC CO sOaCC CItCOtCsCn-
tatICn tC tuC, Out CnV at thC sutIaC, nC mCtC than a
OCIshCO stCnC, OCatIn VCtOs anO shapCs OCnCath,
nCtIn. t Is a taVCstCnC hC InCsICns tat OtCV
utCs 1nO tCs that matKCO CttCts CCmmunICatC
CnV OV VCIO, tC nCn-O1CC hOOC OCnCath matOC
sCIOItV VI nCtC tat tIs 1OsCnCC tC1sCCnOs tC tC
sutIaCC anO ImpInCs upC tC O1IntIn ItsC NCn
atIttC CIICts s VCtsICn CIMeJemc R:em|crCt Lc
8e| :cn ,
|
hC tCp1CCs tC tt1OItICn1 paItIns ChataC-
tCts VIt CCIHns . nVIsIOV CCntaInCO OCtVCCn V1XCn
C1K p1Ks, CmptInCss unOCCs tCsp1CC CCmpCsCO OV
thC VCumC CI IVIn OCOICs, tC attanCmCnt CI
CCtIn, tCOItCCtICCIthC aC anO a tCI1CCst1t
1tC aOCut tC sOCaK. C `nCn-paCC CmCtCs In
pCtsCn~In paC CI OCtsCns anO VCtC nC CnC Is
ptCsCnt anV CnCt.
PnO VhCn tC VCtO assumCs tC sCIOItV CI1n CO-
1CCt, thInKaOCt that CCtnCt CIthC CCt CnVIC Is
+Z ls !c|
VtIttCn, In VhItC p1Int, thC VCtO ~VtIttCn
VIt 1 huC uOt1IsCO nCt, pICtCIn thC HCCt VCttI-
CaV at thC | anO OItCCtCO tCV1tO thC sma OC tat
sCtVCs tC OCt It. NCtO anO CO CCt OC nCt tCnO tC CCn-
stItutC 1 sInC HutC Cn thC CCnttatV thCV 1tC OC-
pCVCO In tC OIIICtCnt OImCnsICns . hC HnCt tat
ttaVCtsCs thC sCtIOt tIsCs aOCVC It, ImItatIn anO CO-
sCutIn thC |, tC nCt that tCptCsCnts thC VCtO s
pCIntIn IunCtICn 1nO taKCs sCmCV1t thC shapC CI
tCsC tCVCs upCn VhICh s tCns VCtC paCCO~thC
nCt pCInts CnV tCVatO thC uOIOuItCus OC .
D
Scccn S:e|s c! !rme|icn
Ith a sCVCtCIn 1nO unIuC CstutC, anOInsKV OIs-
mIssCO thC CO CuIV1CnCC OCtVCCn tCsCmOanCC anO
1IHtmatICn, ItCCI O1IntIn ItCm OCt. atIttC
ptCCCCOs OV OIssCCIatIn tC tVC. OI stuOtIn thCIt
OCnOs, Cst1OIsIntCItInCOuaItV, OtInInCnCIntC
OaV VItCut thC CthCt, m1Int1InIn that VIC stCms
ItCm O1IntIn, anO CXCuOIn that VhIC Is CCsCst tC
OIsCCutsC~OutsuIn as CCsCV as OCssIOC thC
nOCnItC CCntInuatICn CI tC sImI at, Out CXCIsIn
ItCm It anV 1IHtmatICn that VCuO attCmOt tC s1V
V1t Is tCsCmOCO Pn att CI thC bamC, IOCt1tCO
IrCm thC ` 1s I NC 1tC IattCst ItCm |rcmpc-| '| | .
C attCt sCCKs tC suOOCtt hC VCIhtICst OutOCn CI
1IHtmatICn OV th tusC CIa CCnVInCIn tCsCmOanCC
Nha VCu sCC C thC Va s sutI1CC Is nCt an atC-
atC CI InCs anO CCCts . t Is OCOth, sKV, CCuOs th1t
aVC shaOCO VCut hCusC, a tCa CCumnatCunO VhICh
VCu CCuO VaK, 1 staItVaV th1t CCntInuCs thC stCOs
VCuhaVCOCun tC CImO |atCaOV VCu statttCVatOIt,
OCsOItCVCutsCI , a stCnC OausttaOC CVCt VhICh Can
thC attCntIVC IaCCs CI aOICs anO CCuttICts, VCatIn
CCthCs IOCntICa tC VCut CVn tC thC VCtV tIOOCns,
smIIn at VCut stCnIshmCnt 1nO VCut CVn smICs,
CstutIn tC VCuIn a IashICn thatIs mVstCtICus
++ T||s !s ^c| c P|c
OCCausC thCV haVC ansVCtCO VCu VIthCut CVCn
VaItIn ICt VCut CVn CstutCs tC thCm
C mC It 1OOCats that atIttC OIssCCIatCO sImII-
tuOC ItCm tCsCmO1nCC, anO OtCuht thC ItmCt IntC
OaV1aInstthC1ttCt. CsCmOanCChas1 ` mCOC , 1n
CtIIna

CCmCnt th1t CtOCts 1nO hICtatChICs thC In-

CtCasInV Css IaIthIu CCOICs th1t Can OC sttuCK ItCm
It. CsCmOanCC OtCsuppCsCs 1 ptImatV tCICtCnCC th1t
OtCsCtIOCs 1nO C1ssCs. hC sImI1t OCCCps In sCtICs
that h1VC nCthCt OCInnn nCt CnO, th1t C1n OC IC-
CVCO In CnC OItCCtICn 1s C1sIV 1s In 1nCthCt th1t
COCV nC hICt1tChV, Out tCp11tC thCmsCVCs ItCm
sm1 OIIICtCnCCs 1mCn sm1 OIICtCnCCs . CsCm-
O1nCC sCtVCs tCtCsCt1tICn VhICh tuCs CVCt I t, sI-
mIItuOC sCtCs tCCttICn, VhICh t1nCs 1CtCss It
CsCmO1nCC tCOIC1tCs ItsCI uOCn 1 mCOC It must
tCtutn tC 1nO tCVC1, sI mIItuOC CItCu1tCs thC sI mu-
1Ctum 1s 1n nOCHntC 1nO tCCtsIOC tC1tICn CI thC
sImI1t tC thC sImI1t
1KC Rcrc:cn|e||cn I 2) . 1n CX1Ct tCtCsCnt1tICn
CI1 OCttICn CI1 O1 1mC, sCCnItCm 1 nOCItCtt1CC
ICnCCO OV a CV V1 . Ln thC CIt thC V1 Is tCOOCO
V 1 1ustt1OC, 1nO In thC 1 unCtutC thus ICtmCO Can
OC sCCn CX1CtV thC samC s CCnC, Out Cn 1 sm1Ct sC1C
|1OCut CnC-h1. Pust VC suOOCsC, unICOIn Cn thC
CIt, 1 sCtICs CI sm1Ct 1nO sm1Ct CthCt `tCptC-
sCnt1tICns 1VaVs IOCntICa Cth1Os . ut It Is un-
nCCCssatV n thC s1mC paIntIn, tVC ImaCs OCunO
thus1tCt1VOVatC1tICnCIsImIItuOC1tCCnCuhICt
CXtCtICt tCICtCnCC tC a mCOC~thtCuh tCsCm-
O1nCC~tC OC OIstutOCO, tCnOCtCOHCatIn 1nO unCCt-
taIn. Nh1t `tCtCsCnts Vh1t: LVCn 1s thC CX1CtnCss
Scccn Scc|s c!Armc||cn +D
CI thC ImaC IuntICnCO as 1 HnCt pCIntIn tC 1
mCOC, tCa sCVCtCn, unIuC, anO CXtCtICtOattCtn,
thC sCtICs CIsImIIuOCs anOtVCatC CnCu tC Cst1O-
Is a sCtICs) aOCIshCs thIs sImutanCCusV tCa anO
IOCa mCnatChV. CnCC!Ctth thC sImuaCtum, In 1
sCnsC aVaVs tCVCsIOC, t1nCs 1CtCss thC sutIaCC
n Dc:c|:cmca| c I ) . ` LCCupVIn tVC thItOs CI
tC p1IntIn, a tC CuttaIn VIth 1tC pC1ts COsCutCs
1 anOsCapC CIsK sC1, anO s1nO. CsOC C Cutt1n,
turnInhIs OaCK 1s usua tC thC VICVCr, thC m1n VIt
tC OCVCr 1t CKs Cut tC sCa.
CV C HnO at hC Cuttain h1s OCCn Cut Cut n
CX1CtV thC s1p CI thC man 1s I I hC ImsCI |1-
tCu CI 1nCtt CCCt, tCXturC, anO VIOth VCtC
mCtCV 1 sCCICn ICuttaIn snppCO aV1V OV sCIssCts
NIthInthC1tCOpCnInthCOCaChIs VIsIOC. Nhat1tC
VC tC maKC CItIs s It that tC m1n, In C1nIn
paCCs, haVIn Op1ttCO thC CuttaIn, CXpCsCs Vhat C
V1s CCKIn at hCn hC Vas stI CnICOCO VIthIn It
Lt Is It th1t thC paIntCt, In mCVIn tC man a ICV
CCntImCtCts, has sCt aaInst thC CuttaIn th1t ItamCnt
CIsKV, VatCt, aO sanO tht thC man s sIhCuCttC IO
ItCmthCVICVCtsC thatthanKstCtCCCCOCtatICnC!
thC attIst, VC C1n sCC Vhat Is CCntCmO1tCO OV thC
sIhCuCttC tat OCCKs Cut VICV Lt must VC aOmIt
that at hC mCCnt thC man tutns tC CCK at It, thC
!tamCnt CI anOsCaOC I mmCOIatCV OCICtC hIm has
CaOt asIOC, aVCIIn hIs aC sC th1t OCICtC hIs CVCsIt
OCCamC hIs shaOCV, thC O aCK smuOC C!hIs OCO
tansICtCnCC CuOtCss. ut ItCm Vhat tC Vhat
tCm VCtC tC VhCtC hC tICK OaCK sICuCttC CI
thCmansCCmstChaVCOCCnshI!tCOItCmtIhttC CIt,
+O T||: I: !c| e P|c
IrCm tC CuttaIn CntC thC 1nOsCapC C nCVCOsCutCs
tC ICO hC maKCs In thC CurtaIn OIsp1Vs hIs OtICt
CsItICn. ut In thC shaOC CI1 man s sICuCttC, thC
1nOsCaOChas asCOCCn Cut CCsCanOttansICrtCOItCm
C tC rIht . C sCrap CI tCO Curtan th1t tCmaIns
OIarrCVattaChCO tC thC shCuOCrCItIs mananO-
sCapC, 1nO tat CCrrCspCnOs tC tC sma patt CICur-
t1In IOOCn OV tC OaCK sIhCuCttC, In ItsC I OCmCn-
str1tCs tC tIIn 1nO thC CCatICn IrCm VICh thC sKV
1nOV1tCr VCrC Ct P OIsOaCCmCnt anO CChanC CI
sImIar CCmCnts , Out OV nC mCans mImCtIC rC-
rCOuCtICn.
PnO tans t CDc:e| :cmca| cthC aOVantaC CIsImI-
ItuOC CCt tCsCmOanCC Can OC taspCO. hC attCt
rCVCas thC CCatVVIsIOC, sI mIItuOC rCVCas Vhat rCC-
CnIaOC CO1 CCts, IamIIat sIhCuCttCs hIOC, OrCVCnt
IrCm OCIn sCCn, rCnOCr InVIsIOC | `COV
`CuttaIn, saVs mImCtI C tCOtCsCntatICn. `IhtIs C,
CItIstIht, thCIOOCnhCtCIsVIsIOCtCtC,thCsunKCn
Is In tCICI, HatnCss CXtCnOs IntC OCOth, saV thCsImI-
ItuOCs CIDc:e|:cmcn|c . ) CsCmOanCC maKCs a unIOuC
1ssCrtICn, aVaVs thC samC. Is thIn, th1t thIn, VCt
anCthCtthI nI ssCmCthIn CsC. bImIItuOCmutIOICs
OIIICtCnt aItmatICns, VhICh OanCC tCCtCt, tItIn
anO tumOIn CVCt CnC anCthCt.
CunOCO ItCm tC sOaCC CIthC paIntIn, CXCuOCO
ItCm thC tCatICn OCtVCCn tIns tat tCICt tC CnC
anCthCt, rCsCmOanCC VanIshCs . ut I s It nCt In CtOCt
tC tCI n CsCVhCrC, ItCCO IrCm thC InOCHnItC paV CI
sImIItuOC s It nCt tC tCC CIrCsCmOanCC tC OC thC
sCCtCIn that maKCs thIns aOpCat s nCt tCsCm-
O1nCC, a OtCOCttV CI CO1 CCts, 1sC tC ptCpCrtV CI
tCutas VC ` LV tCuht , saVs P1tIttC, ` Can
Scccn Sce|: c!Arme|icn
tCsCmOC. I tCsCmOCs OV OCIn VhaI II sCCs, hCats, Ct
nCVs, II OCCCmCs Vh1I thC VCtO CIICts II.
hCuhI tCsCmOCs VIIhCI sImIIIuOC, OCCCmIn
ICsC IhIns VhCsC muIa sImIIIuOC CXCuOCs tC-
sCmOanCC. PatIIIC s OaInIIn OCuOICss tCsIs hCtC,
hCtC IhCuhI In IhC COC CI tCsCmOanCC anO
IIns In tCaIICns CI smIIIuOC haVC 1sI VCtIICaV
InICtsCCICOv
CIus tCCCnsIOCtIhC OtaVInC ! a I CIhaIOCasC
sItCn a tCsCmOanCC IC 3 tCa OIC, IhC VtIIICn ICXI
IaI OCats sC sItCn a tCsCmOanCC IC IhC OtaVIn CI
1 VtIIICn ICXI n !aCI, VhCIhCt CCnHICIIn Ct 1 usI
uXI1CsCO, ICsC CCmCnIs annu IhC InItInsIC tCsCm-
OanCCIhCVsCCmIC OCatVIIhInIhCmsCVCs , anO taO-
uaV sKCICh an COCn nCIVCtK C!sImIIIOCs . LOCn
nCI CnIC IhC `tCa OIOC, aOsCnI ItCm a IhCsC VCtOs
anOOtaVIns,

OuICnC a IhCCIhCt sImIt CCmCnIs

InCuOIn a `tCa OIOCs CI CaV, mCCtsCaum
VCCO, CIC. ) IhaI, CnCC OtaVn InIC IhC nCIVCt,
VCuO IaC IhC OCC anO IunCIICn C!IhC sImCtm.
LaCh CCmCnI C!ths Is nCI a OIOC CCuO hCO an
aOOatCnIV nCIIVC OIsCCtsOCCusC II OCnICs ,
1Cn VIIh tCsCmOanCC, thC assCtIICn C!tCaIIV tC
sCmOanCC CCnCVsOuI CnC IhI Is sICV
a!tmaIIVC thC a!HtmatICn CI IhC sImuCtm
aIHtmaIICn CIIhC CCmCnt VIIhIn IhC nCIVCtK CIhC
sImIat.
CI us CsIaOIsh IhC sCtICs CI IhCsC a!HtmaIICns ,
VhICh tC1 CCI IhC assCtIICn C! tCsCmOnCC anO atC
ICunO CCnCCnItaICO In IhC OtCOCsIIICn Is Is nCI a
OIOC C OC sC II Is suIHCICnI IC OCsC IhC OuCsIICn
`^UTHCR' S MTE hC tCaOct shCulO CxamInC HCnc 8ssCtCn s
tn? J{r!//t, OattICulatlV lhc last ChaOtCt.
+o Tnis Is ^c| J Pic
NhC spCaKs In thC statCmCnt: Lt tathCt t suIHCCs tC
IntCttCatC In tutn tC CCmCnts OCpCVCO OV Pa-
tIttC, OCCausC atOCttCm a CIthCm Can saVCIthCtCI
thCmsCVCs Ct CIthCIt nChOCts . hIs s nCt a pIpC
ItstthC pIpC ItsCI. ` Nhat VCu sCC CtC tCInCs
ICtm Ct tat ICtm mC, Is nCt a OIpC as VCu OCuOtCss
OCICVC, Out a OtaVIn In a tCatCn CICttI Ca sImII-
tuOC tC thC CthCt pIpC |tCa Ct nCt, ttuC Ct IasC, OC
nCt KnCV) that VCu sCC CVCt thCtC~1 ust aOCC thC
paIntIn VhCtC am, a sImpC anO sCItatV sImII-
tuOC C VhIChthChIhCtOIOCtCspCnOs InthCsamC
VCtOs hat VCu sCC CatIn OCICtC VCut CVCs, OC-
VCnO saCC anO VItCut HXCO ICunOatICn thIs mIst
that sCttCs nCIthCt Cn CanVas nCt Cn a paC, hCV
CCuO I t tCaV OC a pIOC Cn t OC mIsCO am mCtC
sImIatItV~nCt sCmCthIn sImat tC a OIpC, Out thC
CCuOV sImIItuOCthat, tCICttIn tC nCthIn, ttaVCtsCs
anO OtIns tCCthCt tCXts suCh asthCCnCVCuCantCaO
anO OtaVIns suCh as thC CnC OCCV. ut thC statC-
mCnt, atCaOV attICuatCO tVICC OVOIIICtCntCICCs , In
tutn CCmCs ICtVatO tC sOCaK ICt ItsC `C CttCts
that ICtm mC anO that VCu sCC~thC mCmCnt VCu ttV
tC tCaO thCm as namIn thC pIpC, hCV Can tCV saV
that thCV atC a OIOC, thCsC thIns sC OIVCtCCO ItCm
Vhat thCV namC: hIs Is a taOIsm that tCsCmOCs
CnV ItsCI, anO that CCuO nCCt tCpaCC Vhat It
OCsCtIOCs .
ut thCtC Is mCtC. VC OV tVC tC CICCs mInC
tC saVathItOCCmCntsnCta pIpC. CunOtCCthCtOV
thCItamC CItCOaIntIn CnCCsIn thCm, thCtCXt anO
thCCVCt pIOCCntCtIntCCCmpICItV hCOCsInatIn
pCVCtCIVCtOs anO thCIusttatIVCpCVCtCIOtaVIn
OCnCunCC thC hIhCt pIOC, anO tCIusC thC aOsttaCt ap-
S:eca Sce|: c! A!mct|ca +V
O1tItICn thC tIt tC Ca ItsCIa pIpC, OCC1usC Its un-
anChCtCO CXIstCnC tCnOCts It mutC an InVIsIOC.
Cu tCCthCt V thCIt tCCIOtCCa sImIItuOC, thC
tC OIpCs CCntCst thCVtIttCn statCmCnt s tIht tC Ca
ItsCIaOIpC, ICtItIs CCmOCsCOCIsInsVItnCtCsCm-
OanCCtC thC thIthCV OCsInatC 1CunOtCCthCtOV
tC IaCt thatthCVCaChCCmC ItCmCsCVhCtC, that CnC
Is a OIsCCutsC CaaOC CICCnVCVIn ttuth VhIC thC
CthCtIs IKCthC Cst CIa thIn-In-ItsCI, thC tCXt anO
thChIhCtOIOC1CIntCassCttthatthCOIOCInthCOaInt-
In Is nCt a OIOC. nO OCthaOs VC must asC assumC
that ItCm OCVCn thCsC thtCC aIanCCs , a OIsCatCO
VCIC that Ct OaIntIn Ct thC OaKOCatO, OCssI-
OVsOCaKs COCththCOIOCInthCOaIntInanOtCCnC
aOCVCIt CnCIthCsCIsa OIOC OuttathCta tCXtthat
sImu1tCs a OIOC, a OtaVIn C!a IOC that sImuatCs a
OtaVIn Ca OIO, a OIOCOtaVnCthCtthan as a OtaV-
In) that Is thC Imuatum CIa OIOC OtaVn a!tCt a
OIOC that ItsCI CuO OC CthCt tan a OtaVIn)
CVCn OIsCutsC I n a sInC statCmCntmCtC than
CnCuhtC OCmCIs thCCtttCss VhCtCsImIItuOCVas
hCO ptIsCnCt tC thC assCttIn C!tCsCmOanC.
CnCICtth ImIItuOC Is tCstCtCO tC ItsCI
unICOIn ItCm ItsCIanO !COIn OaCK uOCn ItsC!. t
I snCCnCtthCnCtOCIntInCutItCmthC CanVasI n
CtOCt t tCICtt CsCmCthIn CsC. tInauutatCs a OaV
CIttansICtCnCCs that tun, OtCIICtatC, OtCOaatC, anO
CCttCsOCnO VIthI thC aVCut C! thC OaIntIn,
aIHtmIn anO COtCsCntIn nCthI. hus In a-
tIttC s att VC nO InHnItC amCs CI OutIHCO sImII-
tuC that nCVCt CVCtCV thC OaIntIn hCV CstaOIsh
mCtamCtOhCsCs ut In Vhat sCnsC s It thC Oant
VhCsC CaVCs t1KC Iht anO OCCCmC OItOs, Ct thC
DU T|: |:!c| e P|c
Ots tat OrCVn anO sCVV CtanIzC thCmsCVCs,
sInIn IntC thC rCunO Vth a Hna OuIVCr CItCCn-
CrV Lc: CrJ:c: ne|urc||c: , Le SeccrJc: |ermc:

) s It
a VCan VhC ` taKCs tC thC OCttC CtthCOCttC that
ICmInICs tsCI OV OCCCmIn a `nuOC stuOV
, ,

hCtC
CCmpCsIn a OIsturOanCC CIpastIC CCmCnts OCCausC
CIthCatCnt InsCttICn CIVCtOa sIns anO thC paV CI
an anaCV that , aIHrmIn nCthIn, Is OCuOV aCtI-
VatCO V thC paVIunCss CIthC statCmCnt) nstCaO CI
OCnOn IOCnttICs, I thappCns that sI mItuOC asC has
thC pCVCt tC OCsttCV thCm a VCman s tCrsC I s sCC-
tICnCOIntC thtCCparts InCtCasnVatCrasVCmCVC
IrCm tCp tC OCttCm) . \hI C hCOn OaCK a
aIHrmatICn CI OCntItV, thC shatCO ptCpCrtICns uat-
antCC anaCV. thtCC sCmCnts aCKI a ICutt n1 ust
thCsamCIashICn, thCuh thCICurt CCmCnt Is nCa-
CuaOC hC hCaO Hna CCmCnt " ?) Is mIssIn Fc| | c
Jc:;renJcur: , saVs thC tItC
PnCthCt VaV sImItuOC s IrCCO IrCm ts CO CCm-
pICItV Vth tCptCsCntatIVC aIHtmatICn pCtHOICusV
mIXIn anO OV a rusC that sCCms tC InOICatC1 ust thC
CppCsItC CIVhat It mCans) thC paIntIn anO Vhat It
rCprCsCnts . LVOCntV thIs Is a VaV CIaIHrmn that
tC paIntIn I sInOCCOts CVnmCOC . 1ut n IaCt suCh
an aIHrmatICn VCuO ImpV an IntCtICr OIstanCC, a
OIVCrCnCC, a OIs1 unCtutC OCtVCCn thC CanVas anO
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