A retaining wall is a stabilizing structure used to hold sloping ground in place and to prevent the erosion and the

movement of soil. A retaining wall must be substantial and sturdy in structure in order to accommodate and redistribute lateral pressure caused by sloping. It is normally designed with seepage holes, which allow collected ground water to escape. This releases the additional pressure created by accumulated water and helps keep the retaining wall stable. Several different materials can be used to construct a retaining wall. Stone and concrete are often used A retaining wall can be a series of "steps" or tiers, which allows for a more attractive design as well as more efficient erosion control. Aside from the aesthetic value, a tiered design also provides better erosion control by breaking down the amount of soil, and therefore pressure, held by each division of the retaining wall. Large stones and railroad ties were often used to build a tiered retaining wall in the past. Today, there are many styles and types of retaining wall blocks, and most people choose preformed blocks. These blocks are affordable and easy to use, making other methods somewhat obsolete, unless the look of rough stone or wood is preferred.

YE ALAG HY AND NECHAY WALA ALAG HY,NECHAY WALA THORI DETAIL MEY HY!!!!!!!!!!!

A retaining wall is a structure designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil when there is a desired change in ground elevation that exceeds the angle of repose of the soil.[1] The basement wall is thus one form of retaining wall. However, the term is most often used to refer to a cantilever retaining wall, which is a freestanding structure without lateral support at its top.[2]

Typically retaining walls are cantilevered from a footing extending up beyond the grade on one side and retaining a higher level grade on the opposite side. The walls must resist the lateral pressures generated by loose soils or, in some cases, water pressures

Types

Various types of retaining walls

Gravity

Construction types of gravity retaining walls

Gravity walls depend on the weight of their mass (stone, concrete or other heavy material) to resist pressures from behind and will often have a slight 'batter' setback, to improve stability by leaning back into the retained soil.

Cantilevered

Conterfort/Buttress on Cantilevered Wall

Cantilevered retaining walls are made from an internal stem of steel-reinforced, cast-in-place concrete or mortared masonry (often in the shape of an inverted T). These walls cantilever loads (like a beam) to a large, structural footing, converting horizontal pressures from behind the wall to vertical pressures on the ground below. This type of wall uses much less material than a traditional gravity wall.

Sheet piling

Sheet pile wall

Sheet pile retaining walls are usually used in soft soils and tight spaces. Sheet pile walls are made out of steel, vinyl or wood planks which are driven into the ground.

Anchored
An anchored retaining wall can be constructed in any of the aforementioned styles but also includes additional strength using cables or other stays anchored in the rock or soil behind it.