Table of contents

1. Introduction to cad/cam 2. Introduction to cam softwares

3.

Introduction to solid works

4. List of exercises

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Introduction to CAD/CAM

Throughout the history of our industrial society , many inventions have been patented and whole new technologies have evolved . Perhaps the single development that has impacted manufacturing more quickly and significantly than any previous technology is the digital computer . Computers are being used increasingly for both design and detailing of engineering components in the drawing office . Computer-aided design(CAD) is defined as the application of computers and graphics software to aid or enhance the product design from conceptualization to documentation . CAD is most commonly associated with the use of an interactive computer graphics system , referred to as a CAD system . Computer-aided design systems are powerful tools and in the mechanical design and geometric modeling of products and components . There are several good reasons for using a CAD system to support the engineering design function : To increase the productivity To improve the quality of the design To uniform design standards To create a manufacturing data base
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Computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) is defined as the effective use computer technology in manufacturing planning and control . CAM is most closely associated with functions in manufacturing engineering , such as process and production planning , machining , scheduling, management, quality control, and numerical control(NC) part programming. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing are often combined CAD/CAM systems. This combination allows the transfer of information from the design into the stage of planning for the manufacturing of a product, without the need to reenter the data on part geometry manually. The database developed during CAD is stored; then it is processed further, by CAM, into the necessary data and instructions for operating and controlling production machinery, materialhandling equipment, and automated testing and inspection fo r product quality

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INTRODUCTION TO CAM SOFTWARES

CATIA:

(Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application) is a multi-platform CAD/CAM/CAE commercial software suite developed by the French company Dassault Systemes and marketed worldwide by IBM. Written in the C++ programming language, CATIA is the cornerstone of the Dassault Systemes product lifecycle management software suite. The software was created in the late 1970s and early 1980s to develop Dassault's Mirage fighter jet, then was adopted in the aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding, and other industries. CATIA competes in the CAD/CAM/CAE market with Siemens NX, Pro/ENGINEER, Autodesk Inventor, and SolidEdge. History CATIA started as an in-house development in 1977 by French aircraft manufacturer Avions Marcel Dassault, at that time customer of the CADAM CAD software.[1] Initially named CATI (Conception Assiste Tridimensionnelle Interactive French for Interactive Aided Three-dimensional Design ) it was renamed

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CATIA in 1981, when Dassault created a subsidiary to develop and sell the software, and signed a non-exclusive distribution agreement with IBM.[2] In 1984, the Boeing Company chose CATIA as its main 3D CAD tool, becoming its largest customer. In 1988, CATIA version 3 was ported from mainframe computers to UNIX. In 1990, General Dynamics Electric Boat Corp chose CATIA as its main 3D CAD tool, to design the U.S. Navy's Virginia class submarine. In 1992, CADAM was purchased from IpM and the next year CATIA CADAM V4 was published. In 1996, it was ported from one to four Unix operating systems, including IBM AIX, Silicon Graphics IRIX, Sun Microsystems SunOS and Hewlett-Packard HP-UX. In 1998, an entirely rewritten version of CATIA, CATIA V5 was released, with support for UNIX, Windows NT and Windows XP since 2001.

Edgecam:

is a market leading computer aided manufacturing (CAM) system for NC part programming. With unparalleled ease of use and sophisticated toolpath generation, its the only CAM system youll need for milling, turning and mill-turn machining. Edgecam Solid Machinist reads native data from all major CAD systems, avoiding data translation problems or potential issues with 3rd party interfaces. State of the art solids-based machining includes automatic feature recognition and full model-to-toolpath associativity. Every industry has its own unique challenges when it comes to delivering high quality parts. Edgecams wealth of manufacturing sector experience enables customers to address continually changing market requirements including those driven by legislation or increased demands in technology and safety, for example. Edgecams extensive customer base covers users in markets as diverse as:

Aerospace Automotive
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Oil & gas General engineering Mold and die Medical Motor sport Marine Sub-contract

In highly competitive markets, automation is the key to reducing programming time, maximising efficiency and ensuring consistent use of your companys best practice manufacturing methods. Edgecam utilises your in house knowledge and experience to drive the CAM process with automation tools to suit different applications - allowing you to maintain your competitive edge. Benefits include:

Improved productivity and profitability through reduced material use Shortened design to manufacturing time Modular, flexible and scalable solutions Reliable installation, training and support Easy access to new markets such as sheet metal

Introduction to Solid Works

Solid Works is a 3D mechanical CAD (computer-aided design) program that runs on Microsoft Windows and was developed by Solid Works Corporation now a subsidiary of Dassault Systems, S. A. Solid Works was introduced in 1995 as a low-cost competitor to CAD programs such as Pro/ENGINEER, IDEAS, Uni graphics, AutoCAD and CATIA. Solid Works is a para solid-based solid modeler, and utilizes a parametric feature-based approach to create models and assemblies. Parameters refer to constraints whose values determine the shape or geometry of the model or assembly. Parameters can be either numeric parameters, such as line lengths or circle diameters, or geometric
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parameters, such as tangent, parallel, concentric, horizontal or vertical, etc. Numeric parameters can be associated with each other through the use of relations, which allows them to capture design intent. Features refer to the building blocks of the part. They are the shapes and operations that construct the part. Shape-based features typically begin with a 2D or 3D sketch of shapes such as bosses, holes, slots, etc. This shape is then extruded or cut to add or remove material from the part. Operationbased features are not sketch-based, and include features such fillets, chamfers, shells, applying draft to the faces of a part, etc. Building a model in Solid Works usually starts with a 2D sketch (although 3D sketches are available for power users). The sketch consists of geometry such as points, lines, arcs, conics, and splines. Dimensions are added to the sketch to define the size and location of the geometry. Relations are used to define attributes such as tangency, parallelism, perpendicularity, and concentricity. The parametric nature of Solid Works means that the dimensions and relations drive the geometry, not the other way around. The dimensions in the sketch can be controlled independently, or by relationships to other parameters inside or outside of the sketch. Solid Works pioneered the ability of a user to roll back through the history of the part in order to make changes, add additional features, or change to sequence in which operations are performed. Later feature-based solid modeling software also copied this idea In an assembly, the analog to sketch relations are mates. Just as sketch relations define conditions such as tangency, parallelism, and concentricity with respect to sketch geometry; assembly mates define equivalent relations with respect to the individual parts or components,

Sketch Tools: 1. SKETCH:

Creates a new sketch, or edits an existing sketch

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2.

SMART DIMENSIONS:

Creates a dimension for one or more selected entities 3. LINE:

Sketches a line. 4. RECTANGLE:

Sketches a rectangle. 5. CIRCLE: Sketches a circle. Select the centre of circle, then drag to set its radius 6. CENTRE POINT ARC:

Sketches a centre point arc. Set the centre point. Drag to place the arc starting point, and then set its length and direction. 7. 3 POINT ARC:

Sketches a 3 point arc. Select start and end points, and then drag the arc to set the radius or to reverse the arc. 8. TANGENT ARC:

Sketches an arc tangent to a sketch entity. Select the end point of a sketch entity, then drag to create the tangent arc. 9. SKETCH FILLET:

Rounds the corner at the intersection of two sketch entities, creating a tangent arc. This tool is available for both 2D and 3D sketches. The fillet tool on the Features tool, and the corner is filleted.

10.

CENTRE LINE:

Sketches a centre line. Use Centre lines to create symmetrical sketch elements, revolved features, or as construction geometry. 11. SPLINE:

Sketches the spline. Click to add spline points that shape the curve.
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12.

POINT:

Sketches a point. 13. CONVERT ENTITIES

Converts selected model edges or sketch entities in to sketch segments. One or more curves can be created in a sketch by projecting an edge, loop, face, or external sketch contour, set of edges, or set of sketch curves onto the sketch plane. The following relations are created: On Edge: Created between the new sketch curve and the entity, which causes the curve to update if the entity changes. Fixed: Created internally on the endpoints of the sketch entity so the sketch remains in a fully defined state. 14. OFFEST ENTITIES:

Adds sketch entities by offsetting faces, edges, curves or sketch entities a specified distance. The selected sketch entity can be construction geometry. The offset entities can be bidirectional. The Solid Works software creates an on-edge relation between each original entity and the corresponding sketch curve. If the original entity changes, then the offset curve also changes when you rebuild the model. 15. TRIM ENTITIES:

Trims or extends a sketch entity to be coincident to another, or deletes a sketch entity. The segment is deleted up to its intersection with another sketch segment (line, arc, and circle. Ellipse, spline or centerline) or model edge. The entire sketch segment is deleted if it does not intersect with any another sketch segment. 16. EXTENDED ENTITIES:

You can add to the length id a sketch entity (line, arc, or centre line). Typically. Extended Entities is used to extend a sketch entity to meet another sketch entity.

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17.

CONSTRUCTION GEOMETRY:

Toggles sketch entities between construction geometry and normal sketch geometry. You can convert sketch entities ina sketch or drawing to construction geometry. Construction geometry is used only to assist in creating the sketch entities and geometry that are ultimately incorporated into the part. Construction geometry is ignored when the sketch is used to create a feature. It uses the same line style as centre lines. 18. MOVE OR COPY ENTITIES:

Moves or copies sketch entities and annotations. 19. 3D SKETCH:

Adds a new 3D sketch, or edits an existing 3D sketch. 20. ADD RELATION:

Controls the size or portion of entities with constraints such as concentric or vertical. 21. DISPLAY/DELETE RELATIONS:

Displays and delete geometric relations. 22. MIRROR:

Mirrors selected entities about a centre line. When you create mirrored entities, the solid works software applies a symmetric relation between each corresponding pair of sketch points. If you change a mirrored entity, its mirror image also changes. Mirror entities are not available in 3D sketches. Feature Tools EXTRUDE BOSS/BASE: Extrudes a sketch or selected sketch contours in one or two directions to create a solid feature. EXTRUDE CUT: Cuts a solid model by extruding sketched profile in one or two directions. REVOLVED BOSS/BASE:
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Revolves a sketch or sketched contours around an axis to create a solid feature. REVOLVED CUT: Cuts a solid model by revolving a sketch profile around an axis. SWEPT BOSS/BASE: Sweeps a closed profile along an open or closed path to create a solid feature. LOAFTED BOSS/BASE: Adds material between two or more profiles to create a solid feature. FILLET: Creates a rounded internal or external face along one or more edges in solid or surface feature. CHAMFER Creates a bevel feature along an edge, a chain of tangent edges, or a vertex.

RIB: Adds thin walled support to a solid body. SHELL: Removes material from solid body to create a thin walled feature. DRAFT: Tapers model faces by a specified angle, using a neutral planee or a parting line. HOLE WIZARD: Inserts a hole using a pre-defined cross-section. LINEAR PATTERN: Patterns features, faces, and bodies in one or two linear directions.

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CIRCULAR PATTERN: Patterns features, faces and bodies around axis. MIRROR: Mirrors features, faces and bodies about a face or a plane.

REFERENCE GEOMETRY:

The different commands which come under reference geometry are: Plane: One can create planes in part or assembly documents, Planes are used to sketch, to create a section view of a model. For a neutral plane in a draft feature, and so on . The items are selected before clicking the Plane option. If the entities are selected, solid works attempts to select the appropriate type of plane. A different type of plane can also be selected. Axis: Axis can be used in creating sketch geometry or in a circular pattern. Every cylindrical and conical face has an axis. Temporary axes are those created implicitly by cones and cylinders in the model. One can set the default to either hide or show all temporary axes. Co-ordinate system: A coordinate system can be defined fir a part or assembly, Use this coordinate systems with the measure and mass properties tools, and for exporting Solid Works documents to IGES, STL, ACIS, STEP, Para solid, VRML and VDA Point: Several types of reference points can be created to use as construction objects. Also multiple reference points can be created at a specified distance on curves. When the entities are selected, the Solid Works software attempts to select the appropriate point construction method.
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Assembly Commands 1. INSERT COMPONENTS:

Adds an existing part or sub-assembly to the assembly. 2. HIDE/SHOW COMPONENTS:

Hides or shows components. 3. EIDT COMPONENT:

Toggles between editing a part or sub assembly and the main assembly. 4. MATE:

Positions two components relative to one another. 5. MOVE COMPONENT:

Moves a component with in the degrees of freedom defined by its mates. 6. ROTATE COMPONENT:

Rotates a component with in the degrees of freedom defined by its mates. 7. EXPLODED VIEW

Separates the component into an exploded view. 8. INTERFERENCE DETECTION:

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Detects any interference between components.

LIST OF EXERCISES

5. Universal coupling 6. Footstep bearing 7. Eccentric 8. Knuckle joint 9. Screw Jack

10.

Oldhams coupling

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UNIVERSAL COUPLING
Objective: To model the parts of universal coupling and assembling it. Procedure: Switch on the computer and open the solid works 2004 software.

Model all the given parts separately by selecting a new sheet made for drawing t& modeling parts. And to model a part select a plane onto which the model has to be prepared. Using the sketch tools draw the required part(2D) Then by using the feature tools convert the 2D drawing into 3D part.

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 Also the part can further be modified by other editing options available. Save all the modeled parts after each completion. Now open a new sheet made for assembling all the model parts.

Insert components from the location where you have saves the modeled parts. Fix the main component to the sheet origin. Now insert other components and place randomly on the sheet.

Using the mate option, mate all the parts assembly in a systematic manner. Provide the Exploded view, parts of Assembly, Sectional & Detail view for better understanding Give the mass properties of the final assembly. Save the file after completion.

Precautions: When modeling a component make sure it is not under defined or over defined. Give exact dimensions while drawing.

While doing assemblies provide the appropriate relation between the mating parts. Check whether all the parts are mating perfectly without any interference. Save the current work on regular basis so that the data is not lost.

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Assembled view

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Exploded view

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Sectional view

2D views and bill of material

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FOOTSTEP BEARING
Objective: To model the parts of footstep bearing n assembling it. Procedure:
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Switch on the computer and open the solid works 2004 software. Model all the given parts separately by selecting a new sheet made for drawing t& modeling parts. And to model a part select a plane onto which the model has to be prepared. Using the sketch tools draw the required part(2D) Then by using the feature tools convert the 2D drawing into 3D part. Also the part can further be modified by other editing options available. Save all the modeled parts after each completion . Now open a new sheet made for assembling all the model parts. Insert components from the location where you have saves the modeled parts. Fix the main component to the sheet origin. Now insert other components and place randomly on the sheet. Using the mate option, mate all the parts assembly in a systematic manner. Provide the Exploded view, parts of Assembly, Sectional & Detail view for better understanding Give the mass properties of the final assembly.

Save the file after completion. Precautions: When modeling a component make sure it is not under defined or over defined. Give exact dimensions while drawing. While doing assemblies provide the appropriate relation between the mating parts.

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Check whether all the parts are mating perfectly without any interference. Save the current work on regular basis so that the data is not lost.

Assembled view

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Exploded view

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Sectional view

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2D views and bill of material

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ECCENTRIC
Objective: To model the parts of eccentric and assembling it. Procedure:

Switch on the computer and open the solid works 2004 software. Model all the given parts separately by selecting a new sheet made for drawing t& modeling parts. And to model a part select a plane onto which the model has to be prepared . Using the sketch tools draw the required part(2D) Then by using the feature tools convert the 2D drawing into 3D part. Also the part can further be modified by other editing options available. Save all the modeled parts after each completion. Now open a new sheet made for assembling all the model parts. Insert components from the location where you have saves the modeled parts. Fix the main component to the sheet origin. Now insert other components and place randomly on the sheet. Using the mate option, mate all the parts assembly in a systematic manner. Provide the Exploded view, parts of Assembly, Sectional & Detail view for better understanding Give the mass properties of the final assembly.
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Save the file after completion. Precautions: When modeling a component make sure it is not under defined or over defined. Give exact dimensions while drawing. While doing assemblies provide the appropriate relation between the mating parts. Check whether all the parts are mating perfectly without any interference.

Assembled view

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Exploded view

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Sectional view
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2D views and bill of material

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KNUCKLE JOINT Objective: To model the parts of knuckle joint and assembling it. Procedure:

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Switch on the computer and open the solid works 2004 software.

Model all the given parts separately by selecting a new sheet made for drawing t& modeling parts. And to model a part select a plane onto which the model has to be prepared . Using the sketch tools draw the required part(2D) Then by using the feature tools convert the 2D drawing into 3D part. Also the part can further be modified by other editing options available. Save all the modeled parts after each completion. Now open a new sheet made for assembling all the model parts.

Insert components from the location where you have saves the modeled parts. Fix the main component to the sheet origin. Now insert other components and place randomly on the sheet. Using the mate option, mate all the parts assembly in a systematic manner.

Provide the Exploded view, parts of Assembly, Sectional & Detail view for better understanding Give the mass properties of the final assembly. Save the file after completion.

Precautions: When modeling a component make sure it is not under defined or over defined. Give exact dimensions while drawing.

While doing assemblies provide the appropriate relation between the mating parts. Check whether all the parts are mating perfectly without any interference. Save the current work on regular basis so that the data is not lost

Assembled view
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Exploded view

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Sectional view

2D views and bill of material SYED AKRAM HUSSAIN 04-09-6015

SCREW JACK
Objective:

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To model the parts of screw jack and assembling it. Procedure:

Switch on the computer and open the solid works 2004 software. Model all the given parts separately by selecting a new sheet made for drawing t& modeling parts. And to model a part select a plane onto which the model has to be prepared. Using the sketch tools draw the required part(2D) Then by using the feature tools convert the 2D drawing into 3D part. Also the part can further be modified by other editing options available. Save all the modeled parts after each completion. Now open a new sheet made for assembling all the model parts. Insert components from the location where you have saves the modeled parts. Fix the main component to the sheet origin. Now insert other components and place randomly on the sheet. Using the mate option, mate all the parts assembly in a systematic manner. Provide the Exploded view, parts of Assembly, Sectional & Detail view for better understanding Give the mass properties of the final assembly.

Save the file after completion. Precautions: When modeling a component make sure it is not under defined or over defined. Give exact dimensions while drawing.
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While doing assemblies provide the appropriate relation between the mating parts. Check whether all the parts are mating perfectly without any interference. Save the current work on regular basis so that the data is not lost.

Assembled view

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Exploded view

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Sectional view

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2D views and bill of material

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OLDHAM COUPLING Objective: To model the parts of old ham coupling and assembling it. Procedure:

Switch on the computer and open the solid works 2004 software. Model all the given parts separately by selecting a new sheet made for drawing t& modeling parts. And to model a part select a plane onto which the model has to be prepared . Using the sketch tools draw the required part(2D) Then by using the feature tools convert the 2D drawing into 3D part. Also the part can further be modified by other editing options available. Save all the modeled parts after each completion . Now open a new sheet made for assembling all the model parts. Insert components from the location where you have saves the modeled parts. Fix the main component to the sheet origin. Now insert other components and place randomly on the sheet. Using the mate option, mate all the parts assembly in a systematic manner. Provide the Exploded view, parts of Assembly, Sectional & Detail view for better understanding Give the mass properties of the final assembly.

Save the file after completion. Precautions:

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When modeling a component make sure it is not under defined or over defined. Give exact dimensions while drawing. While doing assemblies provide the appropriate relation between the mating parts. Check whether all the parts are mating perfectly without any interference.

Assembled view

Exploded view

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Sectional view

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2D views and bill of material

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Mass properties of universal coupling

Output coordinate System: -- default -Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

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Mass = 2612.23 grams Volume = 2612228.78 cubic millimeters Surface area = 314793.33 millimeters^2 Center of mass: ( millimeters ) X = -23.89 Y = -16.53 Z = -42.59 Principal axes of inertia and principal moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass. Ix = (0.05, -0.00, 1.00) Iy = (0.94, 0.33, -0.05) Iz = (-0.33, 0.94, 0.02) Px = 7937140.50 Py = 17337431.42 Pz = 17346442.73

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass and aligned with the output coordinate system. Lxx = 17312858.62 Lyx = 2269.94 Lzx = 489564.05 Lxy = 2269.94 Lxz = 489564.05 Lyz = -10578.82

Lyy = 17345440.74 Lzy = -10578.82

Lzz = 7962715.29

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the output coordinate system. Ixx = 22765093.65 Ixy = 1033649.86 Ixz = 3147761.52 Iyx = 1033649.86 Iyy = 23575361.12 Iyz = 1828087.17 Izx = 3147761.52 Izy = 1828087.17 Izz = 10167204.49

Mass properties of foot step bearing

Output coordinate System: -- default -Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

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Mass = 1317.82 grams Volume = 1317816.00 cubic millimeters Surface area = 210333.19 millimeters^2 Center of mass: ( millimeters ) X = -1.53 Y = -18.48 Z = 2.28 Principal axes of inertia and principal moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass. Ix = (1.00, 0.00, 0.00) Iy = (0.00, 0.00, -1.00) Iz = (-0.00, 1.00, 0.00) Px = 3362107.24 Py = 5270719.12 Pz = 6255645.28

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass and aligned with the output coordinate system. Lxx = 3362108.34 Lxy = 1783.52 Lyx = 1783.52 Lxz = 59.76

Lyy = 6255644.05 Lyz = -358.44 Lzz = 5270719.25

Lzx = 59.76 Lzy = -358.44

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the output coordinate system. Ixx = 3818926.91 Ixy = 39056.38 Iyx = 39056.38 Izx = -4548.84 Ixz = -4548.84

Iyy = 6265610.43 Iyz = -55991.19 Izy = -55991.19 Izz = 5723746.79

Mass properties of eccentric

Output coordinate System: -- default -Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

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Mass = 1518.14 grams Volume = 1518141.97 cubic millimeters Surface area = 251527.32 millimeters^2 Center of mass: ( millimeters ) X = -33.82 Y = -1.94 Z = 28.41 Principal axes of inertia and principal moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass. Ix = (0.00, 1.00, -0.00) Px = 5669120.74

Iy = (-1.00, 0.00, -0.01) Py = 7528884.97 Iz = (-0.01, 0.00, 1.00) Pz = 12643146.66

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass and aligned with the output coordinate system. Lxx = 7529874.15 Lxy = 741.90 Lxz = 71129.76 Lyx = 741.90 Lzx = 71129.76 Lyy = 5669121.04 Lyz = -158.58 Lzy = -158.58 Lzz = 12642157.18

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the output coordinate system. Ixx = 8761252.63 Ixy = 100489.47 Iyx = 100489.47 Ixz = -1387874.77

Iyy = 8631559.16 Iyz = -83952.42 Izz = 14384674.27

Izx = -1387874.77 Izy = -83952.42

Mass properties of knuckle joint

Output coordinate System: -- default -Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

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Mass = 293.66 grams Volume = 293658.70 cubic millimeters Surface area = 60307.53 millimeters^2 Center of mass: ( millimeters ) X = -17.84 Y = -6.81 Z = -9.83 Principal axes of inertia and principal moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass. Ix = (1.00, 0.01, 0.00) Iy = (-0.01, 1.00, 0.00) Iz = (-0.00, -0.00, 1.00) Px = 153206.52 Py = 693563.01 Pz = 788445.06

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass and aligned with the output coordinate system. Lxx = 153221.81 Lyx = 2873.60 Lxy = 2873.60 Lyy = 693547.73 Lxz = 41.29 Lyz = 8.60

Lzx = 41.29 Lzy = 8.60

Lzz = 788445.06

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the output coordinate system. Ixx = 195187.76 Iyx = 38524.20 Izx = 51527.34 Ixy = 38524.20 Iyy = 815364.83 Izy = 19649.92 Ixz = 51527.34 Iyz = 19649.92 Izz = 895496.76

Mass properties of jack assembly

Output coordinate System: -- default -Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

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Mass = 1150.55 grams Volume = 1150551.57 cubic millimeters Surface area = 214253.08 millimeters^2 Center of mass: ( millimeters ) X = 15.45 Y = 22.88 Z = 3.44 Principal axes of inertia and principal moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass. Ix = (0.03, 1.00, 0.01) Iy = (-0.94, 0.03, -0.34) Iz = (-0.34, -0.00, 0.94) Px = 1767402.76 Py = 10429864.93 Pz = 10651908.89

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass and aligned with the output coordinate system. Lxx = 10447059.63 Lyx = 267749.49 Lzx = 73762.76 Lxy = 267749.49 Lxz = 73762.76

Lyy = 1776768.80 Lyz = 96723.52 Lzy = 96723.52 Lzz = 10625348.15

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the output coordinate system. Ixx = 11062734.20 Ixy = 674405.98 Iyx = 674405.98 Izx = 134901.17 Ixz = 134901.17

Iyy = 2065047.63 Iyz = 187240.58 Izy = 187240.58 Izz = 11502084.13

Mass properties of oldhams coupling

Output coordinate System: -- default -Density = 0.00 grams per cubic millimeter

SYED AKRAM HUSSAIN

04-09-6015

Mass = 597.44 grams Volume = 597444.52 cubic millimeters Surface area = 91178.03 millimeters^2 Center of mass: ( millimeters ) X = 3.16 Y = 1.46 Z = -2.67 Principal axes of inertia and principal moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass. Ix = (-0.00, 0.00, 1.00) Iy = (-0.71, -0.71, 0.00) Iz = (0.71, -0.71, 0.01) Px = 660089.58 Py = 736642.32 Pz = 736691.84

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the center of mass and aligned with the output coordinate system. Lxx = 736665.68 Lxy = 23.34 Lxz = -329.28 Lyz = 329.12 Lzz = 660092.41

Lyx = 23.34 Lyy = 736665.65 Lzx = -329.28

Lzy = 329.12

Moments of inertia: ( grams * square millimeters ) Taken at the output coordinate system. Ixx = 742217.03 Iyx = 2782.32 Izx = -5378.10 Ixy = 2782.32 Iyy = 746903.43 Izy = -2006.90 Ixz = -5378.10 Iyz = -2006.90 Izz = 667331.9

SYED AKRAM HUSSAIN

04-09-6015